JP2011192621A - Dye-sensitized solar cell and method of manufacturing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a dye-sensitized solar cell high in conversion efficiency and long in service life and a method of manufacturing the same. <P>SOLUTION: A (porous) titanium oxide or the like which is a constitutional material of the dye-sensitized solar cell is gelled with a high-polymer absorber and dried in a range that adhesion (viscoelasticity) is not spoiled to obtain a rubber-like gel 5. Then, processing such as pressure condensation or the like (including film-thinning, uniforming) is further performed in a particulated, fragmented or intact state to form an almost uniform and elastic rubber-like gel material (including similarly formed coloring matter, electrolytic liquid and electrode). In the dye-sensitized solar cell, one or more of them is/are used together with a solidified coloring material or a solidified electrolytic liquid 3 (including an object obtained by applying a liquid or an liquefied or gelled electrolytic liquid onto a sheet-shaped object (including a film-shaped one) and drying them using one or more of carbon, a conductive object and a porous object), or both of them. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  In the present invention, (porous) titanium oxide or the like is gelled with a polymer absorbent and dried to the extent that it does not impair adhesiveness (viscoelasticity) to form a rubbery gel, which is then made into particles or fragmented, for example. The rubber gel material (including the dye, electrolyte solution and electrode formed in the same manner) that is approximately uniform and elastic after further processing such as pressure condensation (including thinning and homogenization) is further processed as it is. Form one or more of them into a solid pigment or a solid electrolyte solution (including carbon, conductive material and porous material in sheet form (including film)) or liquid or liquid or gel In particular, the present invention relates to a dye-sensitized solar cell and a method for manufacturing the same.

  The invention in which the constituent material of the dye-sensitized solar cell is formed into a rubber-like gel material is used, and the present inventors previously applied for a dye-sensitized solar cell and a manufacturing method thereof (Japanese Patent Application No. 2008-186511. Invention ").

  In the invention of the prior application, (porous) titanium oxide, which is a constituent material of a dye-sensitized solar cell, a dye, an electrolytic solution, and the like are gelled with a polymer absorber (the same as a superabsorbent polymer), and then adhered. It is used by forming into a rubbery gel that has been dried to the extent that the properties (viscoelasticity) are not impaired, and a rubbery gel material to which pressure condensation has been added. Note that the prior invention does not distinguish between the electrolyte and the electrolyte.

The property is that the electrolyte solution in the conventional dye-sensitized solar cell is all liquid or liquid phase gel, whereas it has properties as a solid phase gel. Moreover, the structure arrange | positions these rubber-like gel materials combining (including lamination | stacking).
Japanese Patent Application No. 2008-186511

  The constituent material of the dye-sensitized solar cell is formed into a rubber-like gel material by a polymer absorber, and one or more of them are used together with a solid dye, a solid electrolyte, or both, thereby preventing liquid leakage. The present invention provides a dye-sensitized solar cell that can be further improved and solved, and has a long lifetime (long-term stability) with higher conversion efficiency, and a method for producing the same.

Means to solve the problem

  First, (porous) titanium oxide, which is a constituent material of the dye-sensitized solar cell, is formed on a rubber-like gel material. The forming method is the same as that of the invention of the prior application, and is formed into a rubber-like gel material after gelation using a polymer absorber (the same as a superabsorbent polymer or the like, including a polymer for organic solvent, hereinafter omitted).

  Solid electrolytes include not only solid and solid (eg, granular, powder, or kneaded) electrolytes, but also sheet materials (including film-like materials) using one or more of carbon, conductive materials, and porous materials. , Hereinafter referred to as “carbon sheet”) and a liquid or liquid or gel electrolyte applied and dried (hereinafter “coated and dried electrolyte”).

  The applied and dried electrolyte solution forms a rubbery gel material such as carbon, a conductive material, or a porous material (zeolite, activated carbon, etc.) on a sheet-like material (including a film-like material) made of plastic, synthetic fiber, etc. It includes those obtained by applying and drying the liquid, and those obtained by sufficiently drying the rubber-like gel material to obtain a solid material and applying and drying the above electrolytic solution.

  At that time, the electrolytic solution is repeatedly applied in several times and dried, so that a sufficient amount of the electrolytic solution is fixed without impairing these properties. In the present invention, the electrolyte solution and the electrolyte are not distinguished as in the prior invention.

  The solid pigment is a solid or solid pigment (for example, granular, powder, or kneaded pigment), which may be combined with a pigment made of a rubbery gel material, mixed, and laminated. This is, for example, combined on the same solid electrolyte, or directly stacked.

  Next, one or more of the constituent materials formed on the rubber-like gel material, for example, (porous) titanium oxide, or (porous) titanium oxide and a dye together with a solid dye, a solid electrolyte, and the like. The basic configuration of the present invention is provided in the housing.

The invention's effect

  The effect of the present invention is that the solidification of the constituent materials is increased to further improve and solve the liquid leakage, and further enable high conversion efficiency and long life (long-term stability).

  First, the composition of the dye-sensitized solar cell is reduced by reducing the constituent material of the rubber-like gel material, for example, by forming only the (porous) titanium oxide and the dye as the rubber-like gel material and making the electrolyte into a solid electrolyte. The solidification of the material can be further increased to improve and solve the liquid leakage.

  In addition, since it becomes possible to use a high-density solid colorant, electrolyte, or the like, higher conversion efficiency can be obtained, and long-term use is possible, thereby further extending the life (long-term stability).

  The present invention will be described based on the embodiment shown in FIGS. However, the present invention is not limited to these, and only the main components are drawn.

  The basic form of the present invention is almost the same as that of the prior invention. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment (1) of the present invention, which is a single layer type. A carbon sheet 2 and a solid electrolyte 3 are stacked on a plastic substrate 1 at the bottom, and a rubbery gel material and The dye (1) 4 and the (porous) titanium oxide 5 are stacked.

  At this time, aluminum (6) is bonded to (porous) titanium oxide 5 which is a rubber-like gel material to form a negative electrode, and silver (7) is bonded to carbon sheet 2 to form a positive electrode. Finally, the plastic substrate 1 is placed on the top.

  FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment (2) of the present invention, in which the electrolyte 3 made into the solid of the embodiment (1) is applied and dried (the liquid electrolyte 3-2 on the carbon sheet 2). In this case, silver 7 is bonded to the carbon sheet 2 to form a positive electrode.

  FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment (3) of the present invention, in which the single layer type is a double-sided type. First, one side of the carbon sheet 2 is produced. A solid electrolyte solution 3, a pigment (1) 4 as a rubbery gel material, and a (porous) titanium oxide 5 as a rubbery gel material are stacked on one side of the carbon sheet 2.

  Next, on the surface of the carbon sheet 2 which is the back surface, the electrolyte solution 3 made solid in the same manner as described above, the dye (2) 4-1 (which may be the same dye (1) 4), rubbery gel material. The (porous) titanium oxide 5 made of a gel material is stacked.

  Then, aluminum (6) is joined to (porous) titanium oxide 5 (rubber-like gel material) to form a negative electrode, and silver 7 is joined to carbon sheet 2 to form a positive electrode. These are arranged in a plastic housing 8 to form a dye-sensitized solar cell.

  FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment (4) of the present invention, and a solid pigment between the solid electrolyte solution 3 and the rubber gel material pigment (1) 4 in the embodiment (1). This is the type that sandwiches 4-2.

  FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment (5) of the present invention, in which the carbon sheet 2 in the embodiment (4) is newly made into a carbon sheet 2-1 made of a rubber-like gel material, and the electrolyte solution 3 is made into a solid. This is a type in which an electrolyte 3-4 made of a rubber-like gel material is sandwiched between solid dyes 4-2.

Sectional drawing which shows Example (1) of this invention. Sectional drawing which shows Example (2) of this invention. Sectional drawing which shows Example (3) of this invention. Sectional drawing which shows Example (4) of this invention Sectional drawing which shows Example (5) of this invention

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Plastic substrate 2 Carbon sheet 2-1 Carbon sheet made into rubber-like gel material 3 Electrolyte solution made solid 3-1 Electrolyte solution applied and dried 3-2 Liquid electrolyte solution 3-3 Gel electrolyte solution 3-4 Rubber-like gel material 4 Electrolyte 4 Pigment (1) as rubber gel material
4-1 Pigment made of rubber-like gel material (2)
4-2 Pigment made into solid 5 Titanium oxide 6 made from rubbery gel material 6 Aluminum 7 Silver 8 Plastic housing

Claims (10)

  (Porous) titanium oxide, or organic semiconductor, compound semiconductor, silicon or tungsten, or zeolite or activated carbon adsorbed with dye, coated with (porous) titanium oxide, or oxidized with (porous) oxidation Titanium, or a conductive polymer material, or a combination of them, is gelled with a polymer absorber and dried to the extent that it does not impair adhesiveness (viscoelasticity) to form a rubbery gel. The rubber-like gel material (substantially formed dye, electrolyte solution, and the like) is processed by pressure condensation or the like (including thinning and homogenization). Including electrodes). Then, a liquid or liquid or gel is formed into a sheet-like material (including a film-like material) using one or more of them as a solid pigment or a solid electrolyte solution (one or more of carbon, a conductive material, and a porous material). A dye-sensitized solar cell characterized by being used together with or both of them.   The organic semiconductor according to claim 1, or tungsten, or a conductive polymer material, or (porous) titanium oxide, an organic semiconductor, a compound semiconductor, silicon or tungsten, zeolite or activated carbon adsorbed with a dye is (porous) titanium oxide. Coated, gel-adsorbed (porous) titanium oxide adsorbed with pigment and a combination of conductive polymer materials gelled with a polymer absorber, or gelled with a polymer absorber and then rubbery 2. The dye-sensitized solar cell according to claim 1, wherein the dye-sensitized solar cell is used by being formed into a gel or a rubbery gel material.   A (porous) titanium oxide according to claim 1 or 2, an organic semiconductor, a compound semiconductor, silicon, tungsten, or a zeolite or activated carbon adsorbed with a dye, coated with (porous) titanium oxide, or a dye. Adsorbed (porous) titanium oxide, or conductive polymer material, or a combination of them, is gelled with a polymer absorber and then rubbery gel or rubbery gel material (similarly formed dye, electrolyte) The dye-sensitized solar cell according to claim 1, wherein one or more of them are used together with a solid dye.   A (porous) titanium oxide according to claims 1 to 3, or an organic semiconductor, a compound semiconductor, silicon, tungsten, or a zeolite or activated carbon adsorbed with a dye, coated with (porous) titanium oxide, or a dye. Adsorbed (porous) titanium oxide, or conductive polymer material, or a combination of them, is gelled with a polymer absorber and then rubbery gel or rubbery gel material (similarly formed dye, electrolyte) And one or more of them into a solid electrolyte solution (including one or more of carbon, a conductive material, and a porous material). The dye-sensitized solar cell according to claim 1, wherein the dye-sensitized solar cell is used together with a gel electrolyte solution or dried.   A (porous) titanium oxide according to claim 1, an organic semiconductor, a compound semiconductor, silicon, tungsten, or a zeolite or activated carbon adsorbed with a dye, coated with (porous) titanium oxide, or a dye. Adsorbed (porous) titanium oxide, or conductive polymer material, or a combination of them, is gelled with a polymer absorber and then rubbery gel or rubbery gel material (similarly formed dye, electrolyte) And one or more of them as a solid pigment and a solid electrolyte solution (a sheet-like material using one or more of carbon, a conductive material, and a porous material (including a film-like material)). 2. A dye-sensitized solar cell according to claim 1, wherein the dye-sensitized solar cell is used together with a liquid, liquid, or gel electrolyte solution and dried.   2. The pigment according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of pigments are gelled with a polymer absorber and later formed into a rubbery gel material, or used together, or one or more pigments are gelled with a polymer absorber. It is formed into a rubber-like gel or rubber-like gel material, and is converted into a solid pigment or a solid electrolyte solution (including carbon, a conductive material and a porous material in a sheet-like material (including a film-like material) or 2. A dye-sensitized solar cell according to claim 1, wherein the dye-sensitized solar cell is used together with a liquid or gel electrolyte solution and dried.   7. The dyes according to claim 1 and 6, particularly those dyes extracted from sweet potatoes (for example, potatoes having a lot of red potatoes, purple potatoes and anthocyanin dyes) or equivalents thereof (for example, purple radish). Gelled with a body, or gelled and formed into a rubbery gel or rubbery gel material, or gelled with a polymer absorber and later formed into a rubbery gel material to be a solid Includes pigments or solid electrolytes (sheets (including membranes) using one or more of carbon, conductive materials, and porous materials) coated with liquid or liquid or gel electrolytes and dried )) Or both, the dye-sensitized solar cell according to claim 1.   A sheet-like material (including a film-like material) formed using one or more of the carbon, conductive material, and porous material according to claim 1, 4, 5, or 7, or a polymer absorber Gelled and formed into rubbery gels or rubbery gel materials, or used with plastics, synthetic fibers and synthetic rubber sheets (including membranes). 2. The dye-sensitized solar cell according to claim 1, wherein the dye-sensitized solar cell is used as a solid material after being sufficiently dried.   A liquid or liquid or gel electrolyte solution is applied to a sheet-like material (including a film-like material) using one or more of carbon, a conductive material, and a porous material according to claim 1 and claims 4 to 8, and dried. The dye-sensitized solar cell according to claim 1, wherein   (Porous) titanium oxide, or organic semiconductor, compound semiconductor, silicon or tungsten, or zeolite or activated carbon adsorbed with dye, coated with (porous) titanium oxide, or oxidized with (porous) oxidation Titanium, or a conductive polymer material, or a combination of them, is gelled with a polymer absorber and dried to the extent that it does not impair adhesiveness (viscoelasticity) to form a rubbery gel. The rubber-like gel material (substantially formed dye, electrolyte solution and the like) is processed by pressure condensation, etc. (including thinning and homogenization). Including electrodes). One or more of them is a solid dye or a liquid electrolyte (including a film-like material) using one or more of a solid electrolyte or carbon, a conductive material, or a porous material. And a method for producing a dye-sensitized solar cell, which is used together with or both of them.

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