JP2011174218A - Soil collecting and lifting device and method of jacking element using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a soil collecting and lifting device which automatically scrapes and collects sediment excavated down at the foot and lifts the sediment to a liftable height by a soil discharge means such as a belt conveyor in a small space inside a tunnel pit, an element, or the like, and also provide a method of jacking an element using the soil collecting and lifting device. <P>SOLUTION: The soil collecting and lifting device 1 for excavated sediment scrapes, collects and lifts the excavated sediment when advancing while laterally excavating in a small space. The bottom plate 11 of a body frame 10 is diagonally installed so that the rear end side thereof in the excavating direction is higher. The device includes a pressing means 20 for pressing the sediment along the bottom plate 11 for conveying and lifting the sediment. An opening 11a for dropping the sediment is provided to the bottom plate 11 near the rear end in the excavating direction. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an element propulsion method for constructing a structural frame in the ground by digging in the element while penetrating the element into the ground to protect the ground facility, and more specifically, an element propulsion method for performing excavation by human power. The present invention relates to a soil collecting and lifting device used for earth removal.

  Conventionally, underpasses that point to three-dimensional intersections with ground facilities such as railroads and roads (spaces for laying lifelines such as piping and communication cables, and underground passages such as roads and railroads; the same applies below) As an underpass construction method, prior to excavation of the underpass body, an element (box) made of a long square steel pipe or the like is penetrated and connected so as to cover the circumference along the outline of the space that becomes the underpass. An element propulsion method for constructing an underpass while protecting the ground facility above the underpass is known (for example, Patent Document 1).

  As one of the element propulsion methods, the HEP & JES method is also known (for example, Patent Documents 2 to 4). This HEP & JES method excavates underpass start and end shafts on both sides of the route facility, and drills a horizontal hole that serves as a reference by horizontal boring on the remaining natural ground below the route facility. While pulling a lining element having a JES joint tightly connected with a PC steel wire etc. by a traction jack installed on the earth retaining on the side of the vertical shaft, while obtaining the reaction force of excavation from the natural ground that constructs the underpass, Multiple lining elements are inserted in the lateral direction (substantially horizontal direction) while sequentially connecting and extending in the longitudinal direction, excavating and drilling the elements from the starting shaft to the reaching shaft, By connecting the lining elements in the longitudinal direction) with a JES joint of a specific shape, the U-shaped or B-shaped or Are arranged in a shape that can withstand the protection of ground facilities such as arches, and grout material is injected around the JES joint and concrete is placed in the element to apply a tensile force to the JES joint and the element. In this construction method, the lining element, which is a protective material, is used as a structural frame to counteract the surrounding earth pressure, etc. by applying compressive force to the concrete, and the underpass is constructed by excavating the premises of this structural frame. is there.

  In this HEP & JES method, when there are obstacles such as rocks in the basement of the route facility, it is difficult to excavate with an excavator. In this case, an operator is placed in the blade element that is the tip of the penetrating element. It is being drilled manually using a scoop. However, there is a problem in that the element is a narrow space and the workability is poor. In particular, as a means for discharging excavated earth and sand, trolleys with tow ropes attached to the front and rear ends, generally called belt conveyors and zuritro, are used, but in narrow spaces where crouching work must be done, It was heavy labor to lift up to a height that could be transported by earth removal means such as a belt conveyor or Zuritro while looking back on the earth and sand that had been excavated and dropped at the feet, which caused deterioration in work efficiency and construction speed.

JP-A-01-278689 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 08-319792 JP-A-11-247579 JP 2000-120372 A

  Accordingly, the present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and automatically collects the soil at the foot of the excavated and dropped in a confined space such as in a tunnel mine or element, and conveys it with a soil removal means such as a belt conveyor. An object of the present invention is to provide an earth collecting and lifting apparatus capable of lifting to a possible height and an element propulsion method using the earth and lifting apparatus.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention according to claim 1 is an excavation earth and sand collecting and lifting device that scrapes and lifts excavated earth and sand when digging in a narrow space laterally. A bottom plate installed to be inclined so that the rear end side in the direction becomes higher, and a pressing means for pressing and transporting the sand and sand along the bottom plate, and the bottom plate has earth and sand near the rear end in the excavation direction. An opening for dropping is provided.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the earth collecting and lifting apparatus according to the first aspect, the pressing means includes an endless body, a pressing member erected on the endless body, and the endless body. It is characterized by comprising a plurality of tension rotating bodies that are rotatably stretched, and drive means for rotationally driving the endless body.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the earth collecting / lifting device according to the second aspect, the opening of the bottom plate is provided outside the endless body and in the vicinity of the suspension rotating body. It is characterized by that.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the earth collecting and lifting apparatus according to the third aspect, the plurality of tension rotating bodies are arranged such that the endless bodies are arranged along the tension rotating body located at the end in the excavation direction. It arrange | positions so that it may bend at an acute angle, The opening part of the said baseplate is provided in the vicinity of the tension | rotation rotary body located in this digging direction end.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the earth collecting / lifting device according to any one of the second to fourth aspects, the plurality of suspension rotating bodies have a front end in the digging direction of the endless body in a projected area with respect to the face surface. It is arranged so that the side is the widest.

  The invention described in claim 6 is the element propulsion method for constructing a structural frame in the ground by digging in the element while penetrating the element into the basement of the ground facility to protect the ground facility. Using the soil collecting and lifting apparatus described in any one of the above, the excavated earth and sand are scraped and lifted to a height that can be transported by the soil discharging means.

  A seventh aspect of the present invention is the element propulsion method according to the sixth aspect, wherein the earth removing means is a belt conveyor.

  The present invention is as described above, and according to the invention described in claim 1, the excavated sediment collecting and lifting apparatus for collecting and excavating excavated sediment when the lateral space is dug in a narrow space. A bottom plate installed at an incline so that the rear end side in the digging direction becomes higher, and a pressing means that presses and lifts the earth and sand along the bottom plate, and the bottom plate includes a bottom plate in the digging direction. Since there is an opening for dropping earth and sand in the vicinity of the edge, soil collection and lifting work in a confined space that was hard labor by human power (scraping means such as belt conveyors by scraping the earth and sand that has been excavated and dropped) ), The work efficiency of excavation and earth removal work and the construction speed are improved.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the earth collecting and lifting apparatus according to the first aspect, the pressing means includes an endless body, a pressing member erected on the endless body, and the endless shape. In addition to the above-described effect, by rotating the endless body with the driving means in addition to the above-described effects, by having a plurality of tension rotating bodies that rotatably stretch the body and the driving means that rotationally drives the endless body, The excavated sediment can be continuously pressed by the pressing member installed there, and the soil collection and lifting work can be performed continuously, so that the work efficiency and construction speed of the excavation and soil removal work are further improved. .

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the earth collecting / lifting device according to the second aspect, the opening of the bottom plate is provided outside the endless body and in the vicinity of the suspension rotating body. Therefore, in addition to the above effect, the fall rate from the opening of the excavated earth and sand is improved, and the work efficiency and the construction speed are further improved.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the earth collecting and lifting apparatus according to the third aspect, the plurality of stretching rotary bodies are endless along the stretching rotary body located at the end in the excavation direction. Since the body is arranged so as to be folded back at an acute angle, the opening of the bottom plate is provided in the vicinity of the tension rotating body located at the end of the excavation direction, so that in addition to the above effect, the opening of the excavated earth and sand The fall rate from the section is improved, and even if the excavated sediment is a sticky sediment such as a clay layer, it can be dealt with.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the earth collecting and lifting apparatus according to any one of the second to fourth aspects, the plurality of suspension rotating bodies are adapted to dig the endless body in a projected area with respect to the face surface. Since it is arranged so that the front end side in the direction is the widest, in addition to the above effects, the earth and sand cut from the face can be efficiently collected. Therefore, work efficiency and construction speed are further improved.

  According to the invention described in claim 6, in the element propulsion method for constructing a structural frame in the ground by digging in the element while penetrating the element into the basement of the ground facility to protect the ground facility, In addition, the excavated earth and sand are scraped and lifted up to a height that can be transported by the earth discharging means using the earth collecting and lifting apparatus according to any one of 5 to 5, so that the above-mentioned effects are exhibited in the element propulsion method. The working efficiency and construction speed of the element propulsion method are further improved.

  According to the invention described in claim 7, in the element propulsion method according to claim 6, since the earth discharging means is a belt conveyor, in addition to the effect, the earth discharging work in the element propulsion method is completely automatic. The work efficiency and construction speed of the element propulsion method can be improved.

It is explanatory drawing of the HEP & JES method shown as an example of the element propulsion method of this invention. It is a partial expanded sectional view which shows the JES joint part of a lining element. It is a top view shown in the state where the gathering device was installed in the blade edge element. It is a see-through | perspective right side view of a gathering apparatus same as the above. It is a front view seen from the front of the digging direction of the gathering device same as above.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(HEP & JES method)
First, the element propulsion method will be described with reference to FIG.
In addition, as an example of the element propulsion method according to the present invention, a substantially horizontal structural body that is three-dimensionally crossed under the track AG that is a ground facility (route facility) by the HEP & JES method (High Speed Element Pull & Jointed Element Structure). The case where a certain underpass UP is constructed will be described.

  In order to prevent the collapse of the track AG and the adjacent land as a preliminary preparation, as shown in Fig. 1, two rows of steel sheet piles (sheet piles) etc. are retained along the both sides of the track AG where the underpass UP is constructed. The member SP is penetrated into the ground with a vibro hammer or the like. Then, excavating between the earth retaining members SP, and on both sides of the track AG, a start shaft h1 that is a penetration start side of the lining element e and a reaching shaft h2 that is a penetration reaching end side of the lining element e are formed. Excavate each. Of course, when it is not necessary to install the retaining member SP depending on the surrounding situation, the soil condition, and the groundwater condition, an appropriate slope may be taken. The start shaft h1 is a work space for carrying in / connecting the lining element e, and the reaching shaft h2 is a space for installing the above-described traction means. Next, horizontal boring is performed by a horizontal boring machine, and a horizontal hole for inserting the traction cable Ca is drilled. A stand for horizontally placing the lining element e is assembled in the start shaft h1, and a traction device PM that pulls the lining element e is assembled in the reaching shaft h2.

  The traction cable Ca is connected to a blade edge element e ′ serving as a tip (front end in the digging direction) of the penetrating lining element e through a clamp (not shown), and the blade edge while pulling the blade edge element e ′ with the traction device PM. Workers dug inside the element e 'manually, sequentially connecting the lining elements e in the longitudinal direction, and finally lining from the starting pit h1 while covering with the lining elements e to protect the collapse of the mine wall A hole penetrating to the reaching shaft h2 is drilled to complete the element row in the ground. Further, the excavated earth and sand excavated in the blade element e 'is conveyed to the start shaft h1 by the belt conveyor B which is a soil discharging means and discarded.

  In this way, when one element row is completed, adjacent element rows are similarly installed, and an element structure in which the element rows are arranged in a hollow rectangular shape is constructed. At this time, the element rows are configured to engage with each other by a JES joint having a substantially C-shaped cross section extending over the entire length in the longitudinal direction so that a tensile force can be transmitted between the element rows. In addition, in the element structure, filling concrete is suitably placed in the lining element row for each predetermined section such as each side, and a grout material or the like is injected into the JES joint to complete the structure of the underpass UP. . Then, the underpass UP is completed by excavating the underpass UP structure with a heavy excavator such as a backhoe.

(JES fitting)
Next, the JES joint will be described with reference to FIG.
As shown in FIG. 2, the JES joint is a joint having a substantially C-shaped cross section. These joints are engaged with each other, and the grout material is injected from the longitudinal ends thereof, so that the grout material is hardened. The tensile force and shear force between the rows can be transmitted. The grout material used may be a material having predetermined curing strength (compressive strength, adhesion strength, etc.) according to the structural design and fluidity and low shrinkage that can fill the void portion of the JES joint, Generally, non-shrink mortar, epoxy resin, or the like is used. As shown in the figure, on the outside of the lining element e, a rust preventive sheet BS is attached in advance for rust prevention or a grout leakage preventing steel sheet GT is provided to prevent leakage of the grout material before entering the ground. It is good to attach. In addition, the inside of the lining element e is sealed with a sealing material S such as a silicon-based material or a modified silicon-based material to prevent grout leakage, or an asphalt-based sealing material is sprayed together with a curing agent (not shown). And preferably (for example, sealing and grout are applied by the method described in JP-A-2007-23622). P represents a backup material (packing material) made of foamed resin.

As described above, the element propulsion method has been explained by taking the HEP & JES method as an example, but as described in the background art, in the element propulsion method excavated by human power, the blade is pulled by pulling while the operator is in a squatting position. Scraping the soil mass that enters element e 'with a scoop, scraping the removed soil, and lifting it to a height that can be transported by means of soil removal such as a belt conveyor or Zuritro (hereinafter referred to as soil collection) Heavy work) is a heavy labor that lifts heavy objects while looking back in a crouched space called the element, which becomes a bottleneck in the whole process and causes deterioration in work efficiency and construction speed. It was.
In view of this, the present invention mechanizes this earth collecting and lifting work with a later-described earth collecting and lifting apparatus (gathering apparatus) and automatically performs it to dig a narrow space in a lateral direction such as excavation in a tunnel or an element. The work efficiency and construction speed of excavation and earth removal work when going on the road are improved.

(Carrying and lifting equipment)
Next, a gathering device which is a soil collecting and lifting device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the gathering device 1 mounted on the aforementioned blade edge element e ′. The blade edge element e ′ is shown in a horizontal section, and FIG. 4 shows the right side of the outer plate of the gathering device 1. FIG. 5 is a partially transparent right side view of the gathering apparatus 1 shown in a partially transparent state with the plate removed (see FIG. 5), in which the prototype of the gathering apparatus according to the embodiment is viewed from the direction of progress in the digging direction in the experimental facility. It is a front picture.

  The illustrated gathering apparatus 1 is mainly composed of a main body frame 10 that serves as a base of the entire apparatus and a pressing means 20, and the main body frame 10 is a plan view as a space for an operator to enter, as shown in FIG. It is a substantially pentagonal shape that is hollow in a substantially rectangular shape, and the rear end side of the excavation direction (as shown in FIG. A bottom plate 11 that is inclined to be higher, an inner plate 12 and an outer plate 13 that are erected vertically to the bottom plate 11, and a top plate 14 that covers the upper rear side of the inner plate 12 and the outer plate 13; The protective nets 15a, 15b, and 15c cover the upper front side of the inner plate 12 and the outer plate 13, respectively.

The bottom plate 11 is provided with an opening 11a in the vicinity of the rear end in the digging direction. As shown in FIG. 4, the opening 11 a opens to a predetermined height X that is a height that can be conveyed by the belt conveyor B that is a soil discharging means. The excavated earth and sand are pressed and conveyed along, and dropped from the opening 11a, whereby the excavated earth and sand can be conveyed and lifted.
The predetermined height X depends on the height of the belt conveyor to be used, but is about 290 mm in this embodiment.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the front side of the outer plate 13 is opened, and the blade element e 'is pulled and moved forward to penetrate the blade element e' into the ground. By entering from the opened front side of the gathering apparatus 1, the earth and sand can be pressed by the pressing means 20. On the other hand, since the inner side plate 12 is on the space side where the worker enters, all of the inner side plate 12 is blocked for safety. Covered.

  The front side of the gathering device 1 allows the worker to cut through the lump so as to allow the earth and sand falling from above to pass, and to prevent the worker from getting caught in the pressing means 20. 15c is installed.

  The pressing means 20 includes five tension gears 21 to 25 that are rotatably supported on the main body frame 10 as a tension rotating body, and an endless body that is tensioned by these five tension gears 21 to 25. A chain 26, 27, a plurality of pressing plates 28, which are pressing members erected on the two chains 26, 27, and a driving means 30 for rotationally driving them are configured.

  The five tension gears 21 to 25 are pivotally supported by the rotation axis of the bottom frame 11 of the body frame 10 that is inclined, and the chains 26 and 27 are vertically moved to the five tension gears 21 to 25. The pressing plate 28 is stretched over the steps and is fixed to the two chains 26 and 27 at predetermined intervals A (about 635 mm in this embodiment) in the chain length direction. (See FIG. 3). In the drawing, the other portions of the chains 26 and 27 cannot be seen, so only the portions are described and the others are indicated by alternate long and short dash lines.

  The drive means 30 has a drive motor 31 and a drive chain 32 that transmits the drive force of the drive motor 31, and a tension gear 24 located at the rearmost end is connected to the drive chain 32, The gear 24 is a drive gear 24 that rotates the chains 26 and 27.

(Operation of the soil lifting equipment)
Next, the operation of the gathering device 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4 when the gathering device 1 is mounted on the blade edge element e ′ of the HEP & JES method.
First, in the gathering device 1 mounted in the blade edge element e ′, the earth lump cut from the ground by the bit is relatively gathered by pulling the blade edge element e ′ by the traction device PM. It is pressed by. When the worker cuts the soil with a scoop or the like, the soil passes through the protective nets 15a, 15b, and 15c and falls to the front side of the main body frame 10. Then, since the chains 26 and 27 are rotated via the drive gear 24 by the driving force of the drive motor 31, the plurality of pressing plates 28 erected on the chains 26 also extend along the main body frame 10 in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 3. The earth and sand that have been rotated are pressed by the pressing plate 28 and are gradually raised along the bottom plate 11 of the main body frame 10 while being conveyed in the direction of the arrow in FIG. It falls on the conveyor B and is carried out from the blade edge element e ′ to the start shaft h1.

  As described above, according to the gathering apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment, if the belt conveyor B is installed below the opening 11a, the excavated earth and sand pass through the blade edge element e ′ and the lining element e. Thus, the machine can automatically convey from the face to the start shaft h1. For this reason, the work efficiency and construction speed of excavation and earth removal work can be significantly improved.

  Further, the opening 11a of the bottom plate 11 is provided in the vicinity of the tension gear 24 located at the rearmost end, and the chains 26 and 27 are folded back at an acute angle by the tension gear 24. Since the gears 23, 24, and 25 are arranged in a triangular shape with the apex angle being the apex of the tension gear 24 in a plan view, the direction of the pressing plate 28 is suddenly changed when the tension gear 24 passes. Thus, the earth block pressed by the pressing plate 28 is easily dropped at the opening 11 a provided in the vicinity of the tension gear 24. Therefore, the falling rate of the earth and sand from the opening 11a is improved, and even when the earth and sand to be excavated is sticky earth and sand such as a clay layer, it can be dealt with.

  In addition, since the tension gear 24 is also a driving gear connected to the driving motor 31 by the driving chain 32, the vibration of the driving motor 31 is transmitted to the transported soil mass, and the drop rate from the opening 11a is further improved. It is like that.

  Further, the main body frame 10 has a substantially pentagonal shape in plan view, that is, a plurality of tension gears are arranged at the positions of the respective apexes of the pentagon, and the tension gear 21 which is the front side in the digging direction in the interval between the tension gears. , 22 is the widest of the other intervals, and is arranged in parallel along the front end of the cutting edge element e ′ serving as the face, so that the pressing plate 28 is rotated by the chains 26, 27. The ratio of the distance in contact with the earth and sand in the distance increases, and the earth and sand cut by the worker can be efficiently conveyed to the rear side. However, in terms of efficiently collecting earth and sand, it is not limited to arranging the base of the pentagon to be parallel to the face of the face, but may be a triangle or other polygon, and may not be somewhat parallel to the face of the face. It is clear that it is good. In short, it suffices if the front end side of the tensioning gear is widest in the projected area with respect to the face surface.

  Furthermore, according to the gathering apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the tension gear 24 (drive gear 24) arranged at the rear end of the five tension gears is directed in the digging direction. Since the opening 11a is provided in the vicinity of the center frame 10 so as to be shifted slightly to the right side, the belt conveyor B serving as soil discharging means can also be disposed near the right side. Therefore, in the narrow lining element e, the worker can travel between the face face and the starting shaft h1 (see FIG. 1) with the belt conveyor B installed, and a trouble occurs. However, it is not necessary to put in and out the belt conveyor B, and the working efficiency is further improved.

  As described above, the earth collecting and lifting apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention, and the element propulsion method using the same, the rectangular hollow hollow substantially horizontal underpass structure by the HEP & JES method is used. As described in the case of construction, of course, the structural housing to be constructed is not limited to the horizontal rectangular shape mentioned as an example, and can be applied to structural housings of various shapes according to the design such as an arch shape or an annular shape. Needless to say. Also, the cross-sectional shape of the lining element can be a predetermined shape that matches the shape of the element structure to be constructed, such as a sector shape.

  And although HEP & JES method was mentioned as an example as one of the element propulsion methods, it is needless to say that it can also be applied to the element propulsion method that pushes the lining element by pressing it from the start shaft with a pressure jack. Further, as described above, the earth collecting and lifting apparatus of the present invention is particularly suitable for the element propulsion method including the HEP & JES method, but in a narrow space such as a tunnel excavation site in the lateral direction (substantially horizontal direction). However, it is suitable for general soil collection and lifting work, in which the excavated soil is scraped and lifted when digging in a normal belt conveyor. It is clear that work efficiency and construction speed of work are improved. Further, the traction means, the earth discharging means, etc. are merely examples, and it goes without saying that conventional means and devices can be replaced within the scope of the claims. Also, the shape and the like shown in the figures are merely examples, and can be changed as appropriate.

1 Gathering device (collecting and lifting device)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Main body frame 11 Bottom plate 11a Opening part 20 Pressing means 21-25 Stretching gear (stretching rotary body)
24 Drive gear (drive means)
26, 27 Chain (endless body)
28 Pressing plate (pressing member)
30 Drive means 31 Drive motor 32 Drive chain (drive means)
e Covering element e 'Cutting edge element B Belt conveyor

Claims (7)

When excavating a narrow space in the horizontal direction, the excavated sediment collecting and lifting device collects and excavates the excavated sediment.
A bottom plate installed to be inclined so that the rear end side in the digging direction is higher, and a pressing means for pressing and conveying the earth and sand along the bottom plate,
The bottom lifting plate is provided with an opening for dropping earth and sand near the rear end in the excavation direction.   The pressing means includes an endless body, a pressing member erected on the endless body, a plurality of tension rotating bodies that rotatably stretch the endless body, and rotationally drives the endless body. The earth collecting and lifting device according to claim 1, further comprising a driving unit.   3. The earth collecting and lifting apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the opening of the bottom plate is provided outside the endless body and in the vicinity of the tension rotating body. The plurality of stretching rotators are arranged so that the endless body is folded at an acute angle along the stretching rotator positioned at the end of the excavation direction,
4. The earth collecting / lifting device according to claim 3, wherein the opening of the bottom plate is provided in the vicinity of a tension rotator located at the rearmost end in the excavation direction.   5. The earth collecting according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of tension rotating bodies are arranged so that a front end side of the endless body in the digging direction is widest in a projected area with respect to a face surface. Lifting equipment. In the element propulsion method of digging in the element while penetrating the element into the ground and protecting the ground facilities,
An element propulsion method using the soil collecting and lifting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5 to scrape the excavated earth and sand and to lift it to a height that can be transported by a soil discharging means.   The element propulsion method according to claim 6, wherein the earth discharging means is a belt conveyor.