JP2011052401A - Rectangular shield machine and excavation method using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rectangular shield machine equipped with a cutting device capable of efficiently cutting an obstacle even when the obstacle such as a drain material exists in a location scheduled to be excavated; and to provide an excavation method using the rectangular shield machine. <P>SOLUTION: In this rectangular shield machine 1, its upper and lower edges are equipped with the plurality of cutting devices 8 for cutting the drain material, respectively. The cutting devices 8, which are provided between a main shield 3 and an outer shell 2, can be each independently driven. The cutting device 8 includes a chain cutter 9 for cutting the drain material in natural ground, a storage chamber 10 capable of housing the chain cutter 9, and a push-out jack 11 for making the storage chamber 10 move forward/backward. The chain cutter 9 is rotated in a horizontal direction while its tensile force is maintained; and the drain material is cut with a bit 12 of the chain cutter 9 in a portion protruding to a cutting face-side from the storage chamber 10. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a rectangular shield machine provided with a cutting device for cutting an obstacle such as a drain material existing in a natural ground, and a method for digging the rectangular shield machine.

  As one of the ground improvement methods, a method of draining groundwater by inserting drain material into the ground is used. When excavating the inside of a natural ground improved by such a construction method with a shield machine, it is necessary to cut the drain material that is exposed to the face and obstructs the excavation.

  As a method for cutting the drain material, for example, in Patent Document 1, a drain material cutter provided in a ring shape on the outer periphery of the cutter head is used to cut the drain material prior to excavation of natural ground by the cutter head. Is disclosed.

JP-A-8-93384

  However, Patent Document 1 describes a case in which a drain material cutter is provided in a circular shield machine, but does not mention any installation method on the rectangular shield machine. Since the drain material cutter described in Patent Document 1 is configured to rotate around the outer periphery of the circular cutter, it is difficult to apply this configuration to a rectangular shield machine because the shape of the shield machine is different. It is.

  Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the conventional problems as described above, and in the case of a rectangular shield machine, even if an obstacle such as a drain material is present at a planned excavation site, the obstacle is efficiently removed. The purpose is to enable cutting.

The present invention is a rectangular shield machine capable of digging in the ground where obstacles exist,
A cutting device for cutting the obstacle while moving along the upper edge of the rectangular shield machine, the cutting device being in a traveling direction than the cutter head provided at the front of the rectangular shield machine It is installed so as to protrude forward.

  According to the present invention, since the cutting device for cutting the obstacle is provided so as to protrude forward in the traveling direction from the cutter head, the ground around the obstacle is cut after the obstacle is cut by the cutting device. The mountain can be excavated with a cutter head. Moreover, since the cutting device is provided in the upper edge part of the rectangular shield machine, the upper end of the obstacle which exists in the excavation planned location can be cut | disconnected. Therefore, at the time of excavation of natural ground, the obstacle existing above the planned excavation site is not pulled in and ground subsidence does not occur.

  In the present invention, it further includes another cutting device that cuts an obstacle while moving along the lower edge of the rectangular shield machine, and the other cutting device is provided at a front portion of the rectangular shield machine. If it is installed so as to protrude forward in the traveling direction from the cutter head, the lower end of the obstacle present at the planned excavation site can be cut by the cutting device. Therefore, at the time of excavation of the natural ground, it is possible to remove only the obstacles existing at the planned excavation site without drawing in the obstacles existing above and below the planned excavation site.

  In the present invention, if the cutting devices provided at the upper edge and the lower edge of the shield machine can be driven independently of each other, the installation depth of the obstacle is more than the lower depth of the planned excavation location. If it is shallow, only the cutting device at the upper edge of the rectangular shield machine needs to be driven.

  In the present invention, if the cutting device is configured to be able to protrude and retract from the rectangular shield machine main body, the cutting device is efficiently and safely maintained in a state where the cutting device is immersed in the rectangular shield machine main body. be able to.

  In this invention, if the said cutting device shall consist of a chain cutter or a wire saw, it can cut | disconnect an obstruction easily.

  In the present invention, an opening / closing device capable of closing the doorway by sandwiching the chain cutter or the wire saw at the doorway of the chain cutter or the wire saw in the storage chamber for storing the chain cutter or the wire saw is provided. If so, the inflow of earth and sand into the storage chamber can be prevented. Therefore, the chain cutter or the wire saw can be maintained safely.

In addition, the present invention uses a rectangular shield machine having a cutting device for cutting an obstacle existing in the natural ground at the upper edge, and in the excavation method for excavating the natural ground in which the obstacle exists,
The obstacle is cut by driving the cutting device in advance of a cutter head provided at the front of the rectangular shield machine, and then the ground is excavated by driving the cutter head. And

  According to the present invention, since the cutting device for cutting the obstacle is driven in advance of the cutter head, after cutting the obstacle with the cutting device, excavating the natural ground around the obstacle with the cutter head It becomes. And since the cutting device is provided in the upper edge part of the rectangular shield machine, it can cut | disconnect the upper end of the obstruction which exists in an excavation planned location. Therefore, at the time of excavation of natural ground, the obstacle existing above the planned excavation site is not pulled in and ground subsidence does not occur.

Further, the present invention uses a rectangular shield machine in which a plurality of cutting devices that can cut an obstacle existing in a natural ground and can be driven independently of each other are installed on an upper edge portion and a lower edge portion, respectively. In the excavation method to excavate the natural ground where obstacles exist,
The obstacle is cut by driving at least one of the cutting devices at the upper edge and the lower edge before the cutter head provided at the front of the rectangular shield machine, and then the cutter head is moved. It is characterized by excavating natural ground by driving.

  According to the present invention, since the cutting device for cutting the obstacle is driven in advance of the cutter head, after cutting the obstacle with the cutting device, excavating the natural ground around the obstacle with the cutter head It becomes. And since the cutting device is provided in the upper edge part and lower edge part of the rectangular shield machine, it can cut | disconnect the upper end and lower end of the obstruction which exist in the excavation planned location. Therefore, at the time of excavation of the natural ground, it is possible to remove only the obstacles existing at the planned excavation site without drawing in the obstacles existing above and below the planned excavation site.

  According to the present invention, even if an obstacle is present at a planned excavation site, the obstacle can be efficiently cut by the rectangular shield machine.

It is a front view of the rectangular shield machine concerning a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a sectional side view of the rectangular shield machine concerning a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a top view which shows the internal structure of a cutting device. (A) is a front view of a chain cutter. (B) is a top view of a chain cutter. (C) is a side view of a chain cutter. It is a top view of the switchgear, and shows the state where the switchgear was closed. It is a front view of the switchgear and shows the state where the switchgear was closed. It is a front view which shows the open state of the switchgear. (A) is an A arrow view of FIG. (B) is a B arrow view of FIG. It is a front view of the rectangular shield machine concerning a second embodiment of the present invention. It is a sectional side view of the rectangular shield machine concerning a second embodiment of the present invention. It is a top view which shows the internal structure of a cutting device. It is a front view which shows the closed state of the switchgear.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In this embodiment, when excavating the ground with a shield machine, the case where the drain material for ground improvement that is exposed on the face and becomes an obstacle to excavation is cut is described, but the present invention is limited to this. Instead, it is also applicable to cutting obstacles such as timber, pine piles, steel pipe piles, cement piles, rocks, and rocks that exist in the ground.
1 and 2 are a front view and a side sectional view, respectively, of the rectangular shield machine 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the rectangular shield machine 1 is arranged in a predetermined combination vertically and horizontally in the outer shell 2, can be propelled independently, and can be independently driven. A plurality of rectangular main shields 3, shield jacks 5 for advancing and retracting the main shields 3, a cutter head 6 rotatably provided on the front side of each main shield 3, and excavating earth and sand And a conveyor 7.

  In addition, the rectangular shield machine 1 includes a plurality of cutting devices 8 for cutting the drain material at the upper edge portion and the lower edge portion thereof. The cutting device 8 is provided between the main shield 3 and the outer shell 2, each of which can be moved in and out of the outer shell 2 independently, and can be driven independently. In the present embodiment, two cutting devices 8 are installed on the left and right at the upper edge and the lower edge, respectively. In addition, the arrangement | sequence of the cutting device 8 can be made into a suitable combination according to the magnitude | size of the excavation cross section of the tunnel to construct | assemble, etc. In short, what is necessary is just to be provided so that substantially the whole width direction of the rectangular shield machine 1 can be covered.

  FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the internal structure of the cutting device 8. As shown in FIG. 3, the cutting device 8 includes a chain cutter 9 for cutting the drain material in the natural ground, a box-shaped storage chamber 10 in which the chain cutter 9 can be stored inward, and a storage chamber 10. An extrusion jack 11 (see FIG. 2) for moving forward and backward to protrude from the main body of the rectangular shield machine 1 is provided. The chain cutter 9 is installed such that a part thereof protrudes from the storage chamber 10 toward the face. The rotation direction of the chain cutter 9 in the present embodiment is indicated by an arrow in FIG.

4 (A), 4 (B), and 4 (C) are a front view, a plan view, and a side view of the chain cutter 9, respectively.
4A to 4C, the chain cutter 9 includes a plurality of bits 12 for cutting the drain material, a chain link 13 for connecting the bits 12 to each other, and the chain links 13. It is constituted as a double endless chain cutter comprising a bit mounting seat 14 for connecting in the vertical direction. Since two chain cutters 9 are connected in the vertical direction to form two chains, the drain material can be cut more reliably than when cutting with one chain (that is, one) chain cutter 9. In the present embodiment, the chain cutters 9 are doubled. However, the number of chain cutters 9 is not limited to this number, and can be appropriately combined depending on the size of the excavation cross section of the tunnel to be constructed. .

  As shown in FIG. 3, the storage chamber 10 includes a motor 15 for rotating the chain cutter 9, a plurality of sprockets 16 around which the chain cutter 9 is stretched, and a tension adjusting jack for adjusting the tension of the chain. 17, a gate portion 18 for separating the inside of the storage chamber 10 into the face side 10 a and the aircraft interior 10 b, and a plurality of opening and closing devices 20 for opening and closing an opening 19 provided in the gate portion 18. Yes. The opening 19 of the gate part 18 is provided in two places, and the chain cutter 9 can pass through these openings 19.

5 and 6 are a plan view and a front view of the opening / closing device 20, respectively, showing a state in which the opening / closing device 20 is closed.
As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the opening / closing device 20 includes a gate 21 for sandwiching the chain link 13 of the chain cutter 9 from both sides and closing the opening 19, and a gate jack 22 for moving the gate 21. Consists of

  When the chain cutter 9 is not rotated, for example, when excavating ground or exchanging the bit 12, the gate jack 22 is extended to move the gate 21 in the direction to close the opening 19, and the chain link 13 is sandwiched from both sides. Then, the opening / closing device 20 is closed. Since the side surface of the gate 21 in contact with the chain link 13 is formed along the shape of the chain link 13, it can be in close contact with the chain link 13. By sandwiching the chain cutter 9 between the gates 21, inflow of excavated earth and ground water from the face side 10a of the storage chamber 10 to the machine inner side 10b is prevented, and rotation of the chain cutter 9 during maintenance is prevented. Furthermore, by providing a plurality of opening / closing devices 20 in each opening 19, inflow of excavated earth and ground water is reliably prevented.

  FIG. 7 is a front view showing the open / close device 20 in an open state. When the drain material is cut, as shown in FIG. 7, the gate jack 22 is contracted to move the gate 21 in the direction to open the opening 19, and the chain cutter 9 can move through the opening 19. To.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, a side surface on the wellhead side of the storage chamber 10 is provided with a hatch 23 that can be opened and closed in a flip-up manner. The replacement work of the bit 12 can be performed from within the main body of the rectangular shield machine 1 having a size that allows a person to work by opening the hatch 23. That is, with the hatch 23 opened, the bit 12 between the sprockets 16a and 16b arranged on the aircraft inner side 10b is exchanged.

  Further, the tension adjusting jack 17 is connected to the center axis of each of the sprockets 16c and 16d disposed on the face side 10a by extending and contracting the tension adjusting jack 17 and sliding the sprockets 16c and 16d. The tension of the chain cutter 9 is adjusted. In this embodiment, the tension adjusting jack 17 is attached between the sprockets 16c and 16d on the face side 10a. However, the tension adjusting jack 17 is not limited to these sprockets 16c and 16d, and is attached between the other sprockets 16. Also good.

  8 (A) and 8 (B) are respectively an A arrow view and a B arrow view of FIG. As shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, scrapers 24 formed so as to follow the shape of the chain cutter 9 are respectively installed at the entrances 25 and 26 through which the chain cutter 9 enters and exits from the storage chamber 10. ing. A scraper 24 provided at the outlet 25 of the storage chamber 10 (in this embodiment, the outlet becomes an inlet when the chain cutter 9 is rotated in the direction opposite to the arrow shown in FIG. 3). Prevent inflow of earth and sand from natural ground. In addition, the scraper 24 provided at the inlet 26 of the storage chamber 10 (in this embodiment, it becomes an inlet, but when the chain cutter 9 is rotated in the direction opposite to the arrow shown in FIG. 3). Prevents inflow of earth and sand from the natural ground and removes excavated earth and sand adhering to the chain cutter 9.

  When excavating the natural ground where the drain material is present using the rectangular shield machine 1 having the cutting device 8 having the above-described configuration, first, the extrusion jack 11 is extended to cut the upper edge portion and the lower edge portion. The device 8 is protruded forward in the traveling direction from the cutter head 6 of the main shield 3. Thereby, the drain material existing in front of the rectangular shield machine 1 is cut.

  When the drain material is cut, the extrusion jack 11 is contracted and the cutting devices 8 at both ends are stored in the main body of the rectangular shield machine 1. Thereafter, the cutter head 6 is rotated to advance the main shield 3 to excavate the natural ground, and the drain material is cut finely and discharged together with excavated soil.

  Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the following description, portions corresponding to the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, description thereof is omitted, and differences are mainly described. In the second embodiment, a wire saw 29 is used instead of the chain cutter 9 of the first embodiment.

9 and 10 are a front view and a side sectional view, respectively, of a rectangular shield machine 31 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, in the rectangular shield machine 31, two cutting devices 28 are installed on the upper edge portion and the lower edge portion on the left and right, respectively, as in the first embodiment. Each cutting device 28 can appear and disappear independently, and can be driven independently.

  FIG. 11 is a plan view showing the internal structure of the cutting device 28. As shown in FIG. 11, the cutting device 28 includes a wire saw 29 for cutting the drain material, the storage chamber 10, and the extrusion jack 11.

  The wire saw 29 is made of a steel wire rope fitted with diamond beads. The wire saw 29 is rotated in the horizontal direction while maintaining the tension of the wire saw 29, and the wire saw 29 protrudes from the storage chamber 10 to the face side. Cut the drain material.

  In the present embodiment, four wire saws 29 are provided in each cutting device 28. Specifically, the wire saws 29 were arranged in a lattice shape in the longitudinal (vertical) direction × lateral (horizontal) direction = 2 (layers) × 2 (columns). Since the wire saw 29 has two layers in the longitudinal direction, the drain material can be cut more reliably than when the wire saw 29 is cut by one layer. The arrangement of the wire saws 29 is not limited to this, and may be an appropriate combination according to the size of the excavation cross section of the tunnel to be constructed. In FIG. 11, the upper layer wire saw 29 is indicated by a solid line, and the lower layer wire saw 29 is indicated by a dotted line.

  The storage chamber 10 includes a motor 15 for rotating each wire saw 29, a plurality of sprockets 16 over which each wire saw 29 is stretched, a tension adjusting jack 17 for adjusting the tension of each wire saw 29, and a gate. And an opening / closing device 30 for opening and closing an opening 19 provided in the gate portion 18.

  FIG. 12 is a front view showing the closed state of the opening / closing device 30. As shown in FIG. 12, the opening / closing device 30 includes a gate 32 that sandwiches the wire saw 29 from both sides, and a gate jack 22 for moving the gate 32. One opening / closing device 30 is provided in each opening 19.

  When the wire saw 29 is not rotated, for example, when excavating natural ground or replacing the wire saw 29, the gate jack 22 is extended to move the gate 32 in the direction to close the opening 19, and the wire saw 29 is moved to both sides. The opening / closing device 30 is closed.

  When cutting the drain material, the gate jack 22 is contracted to move the gate 32 in the direction to open the opening 19 so that the wire saw 29 can move through the opening 19.

  According to each embodiment mentioned above, since cutting device 8 and 28 is provided so that it may protrude ahead of the direction of movement rather than cutter head 6, after cutting drain material, excavating the natural ground around the drain material Can do. Moreover, since the cutting devices 8 and 28 are provided in the upper edge part and lower edge part of the rectangular shield machines 1 and 31, the upper end and lower end of the drain material which exist in the excavation planned location can be cut | disconnected. Therefore, when excavating natural ground, the drain material existing above and below the planned excavation site is not drawn, and only the drain material existing at the planned excavation site can be removed.

  Further, according to each of the above-described embodiments, the cutting devices 8 and 28 are configured to be able to project and retract from the main body of the rectangular shield machine 1 or 31, project forward in the traveling direction from the cutter head 6 when driven, and rectangular shield when not driven. Since it is configured to be immersed in the main body of the machine 1, 31, the cutting devices 8, 28 can be efficiently and safely maintained in a state of being immersed in the main body of the rectangular shield machine 1, 31. .

  In each of the above-described embodiments, the case where the upper edge portion and the lower edge portion cutting devices 8 and 28 are simultaneously protruded in the traveling direction has been described. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the cutting devices 8 and 28 are not limited thereto. For example, when the installation depth of the drain material is shallower than the lower end depth of the planned excavation site, only the cutting devices 8 and 28 at the upper edge of the rectangular shield machines 1 and 31 are projected. It may be.

  Moreover, in each embodiment mentioned above, although the cutting devices 8 and 28 demonstrated the case where it was comprised so that it could protrude from the main body of the rectangular shield machines 1 and 31, it is not limited to this, The cutting devices 8 and 28 are comprised. It is good also as a structure which is fixed in the state which protruded from the rectangular shielding machine 1 and 31 main body to the advancing direction forward, and always protruded ahead of the advancing direction. In this case, the drain material is cut by the cutting devices 8 and 28 as the rectangular shield machines 1 and 31 move forward.

  Furthermore, in each embodiment mentioned above, although the case where the drain material which is easy to cut | disconnect was demonstrated, when cutting hard things, such as a steel pipe pile, a cement pile, a rock, and a bedrock, the bit 12 is hard. Cutting is possible by exchanging them with each other or by increasing the rotational speed of the chain cutter 9 or the wire saw 29.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rectangular shield machine 2 Outer shell 3 Main shield 5 Shield jack 6 Cutter head 7 Conveyor 8 Cutting device 9 Chain cutter 10 Storage room 10a Face side 10b Machine inside 11 Extrusion jack 12 Bit 13 Chain link 14 Bit attachment seat 15 Motor 16 Sprocket 16a, 16b Sprockets 16c, 16d arranged inside the machine 17 Sprockets 17 arranged on the face side Tension adjusting jack 18 Gate portion 19 Opening 20 Opening / closing device 21 Gate 22 Gate jack 23 Hatch 24 Scraper 25 Outlet 26 Inlet 28 Cutting device 29 Wire saw 30 Opening and closing device 31 Rectangular shield machine 32 Gate

Claims (8)

It is a rectangular shield machine that can dig in the ground where obstacles exist,
A cutting device for cutting the obstacle while moving along the upper edge of the rectangular shield machine, the cutting device being in a traveling direction than the cutter head provided at the front of the rectangular shield machine A rectangular shield machine that is installed to protrude forward.   It further comprises another cutting device that cuts the obstacle while moving along the lower edge of the rectangular shield machine, and the other cutting device is a cutter head provided at the front of the rectangular shield machine. The rectangular shield machine according to claim 1, wherein the rectangular shield machine is installed so as to protrude forward in the traveling direction.   The rectangular shield machine according to claim 2, wherein the cutting devices provided at the upper edge and the lower edge of the shield machine can be driven independently of each other.   The rectangular cutting machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the cutting device is configured to be able to appear and retract from the rectangular shielding machine main body.   The rectangular shield machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the cutting device comprises a chain cutter or a wire saw.   An opening / closing device capable of closing the entrance / exit by sandwiching the chain cutter or wire saw at an entrance / exit of the chain cutter / wire saw of the storage chamber for storing the chain cutter / wire saw is provided. The rectangular shield machine according to claim 5. In the excavation method to excavate the natural ground where the obstacle exists, using a rectangular shield machine equipped with a cutting device for cutting the obstacle present in the natural ground at the upper edge,
The obstacle is cut by driving the cutting device in advance of a cutter head provided at the front of the rectangular shield machine, and then the ground is excavated by driving the cutter head. The method of digging a rectangular shield machine. A rectangular shield machine that can cut an obstacle existing in the ground and can be driven independently of each other is installed on the upper edge and the lower edge, respectively, and the obstacle exists. In the excavation method of excavating the mountain,
The obstacle is cut by driving at least one of the cutting devices at the upper edge and the lower edge before the cutter head provided at the front of the rectangular shield machine, and then the cutter head is moved. A rectangular shield machine digging method characterized by excavating natural ground by driving.

Images