JP2011152239A - Gingiva punch drill for implant surgery - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a gingiva punch drill for an implant surgery for enabling a circular incision in a gingiva with a high degree of positional accuracy without depending on visual check and by easy work with high operability, which can be achieved by a simple structure. <P>SOLUTION: The gingiva punch drill 1 is equipped with: a drill body 10 which is mounted on a handpiece 30, and which comprises a shank part 11 where a guide hole 11a is formed along a central axis C, and a bowl-shaped blade part 12 provided at a distal end of the shank part 11 and having a circular cutting blade 15 formed at the distal end; and a guide pin 20 which is inserted into the guide hole 11a and slidable therein. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a gingival punch drill for implant surgery for removing circular gingiva used in implant surgery (flapless method).

  In dentistry, a digital implant (hereinafter simply referred to as “implant”) is known as an alternative to dentures (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

In implant treatment, a hole is inserted in the jawbone where the tooth has been lost, and a fixture is connected to the fixture, and an upper structure (an artificial dental crown) is attached to the fixture. It is done by wearing.
When drilling a hole in the jaw bone during implant surgery, it is necessary to remove the gingiva covering the jaw bone in advance, but this involves a flap method that peels off the gum and exposes the jaw bone surface to a large extent. There is a flapless method in which only the gingiva around the hole is removed in a circular shape.

  In the latter flapless method, first, a mark on the gum (mucosal surface) corresponding to the center of the hole to be opened is marked with an electric knife or the like. Next, the center of the circular blade portion is aligned with the “mark” by a gingival punch drill for implant surgery having a circular (cylindrical) blade portion attached to the handpiece (hereinafter referred to as “gingival punch drill” as appropriate). In this way, a circular cut is made in the gingiva, and the inner gingiva is removed with a peeler. Thereafter, a hole for embedding the fixture is drilled in the jaw bone surface exposed by cutting the gingiva into a circle by a drill for drilling a fixture embedding hole.

Special table 2008-531095 gazette

  However, according to the technique described above, when the gingiva is punched with a gingival punch drill, the center of the circular blade is aligned with the “mark” on the gingiva (mucous membrane). It was difficult to match the gingiva, and there was a risk that the gingiva was displaced and cut.

That is,
(1) It is difficult to match the “sign” and the center of the circular blade portion with high accuracy by visual recognition,
(2) Immediately before the gingival incision is started by the gingival punch drill, the “mark” on the gingiva (mucosa) and the center of the blade portion are concealed by the drill itself. ”And the center of the blade portion cannot be visually recognized, and this also tends to shift the position of the cut portion.
(3) Furthermore, when cutting the gingiva, the handpiece that is attached to the practitioner's (dentist) hand with the gingival punch drill attached is a free hand because there is no fixed source, even if it is visually accurate to some extent Even if the “sign” and the center of the blade portion can be made to coincide with each other, the gingival punch drill becomes unstable due to the vibration when the gingiva is cut, and the operability is deteriorated. This also contributes to a shift in the position of the cut portion.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and it is possible to make a circular cut into a gum by a simple operation with high positional accuracy and high operability without depending on visual observation. And it aims at providing the gingival punch drill for implant surgery which can implement | achieve this with a simple structure.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a gingival punch drill for implant surgery which is mounted on a handpiece and rotates to make a circular cut in the gingiva, which is mounted on the handpiece and guided along its central axis. A drill body comprising a shank portion having a hole formed therein, a bowl-shaped blade portion provided at the tip of the shank portion and having a circular cutting edge formed at the tip thereof, and inserted into the guide hole, And a guide pin slidable inside.

  According to the above configuration, the tip of the guide pin is inserted into the “sign” attached to the center of the gingiva to be removed, and in this state, the gingival punch drill is moved toward the gingiva using the guide pin as a guide. Therefore, it is possible to make a circular cut into the gingiva with high accuracy by the cutting blade. Moreover, the structure for this can also be implement | achieved by simple structure which opens a guide hole in the shank part of a drill main body, and lets a guide pin pass through this.

  In the above configuration, the shank portion may be formed with a D-cut portion having a D-cut to prevent rotation on the proximal end side and a small-diameter portion to prevent removal.

  According to this configuration, the drill body can be reliably rotated by fitting the D cut portion to the rotating portion of the handpiece, and the retaining member of the handpiece can be engaged with the small diameter portion. The drill body can be reliably prevented from coming off.

  In the above configuration, the guide pin may have a stopper having an outer diameter larger than the inner diameter of the guide hole, which is in contact with the proximal end side of the shank portion and limits the protruding length of the distal end.

  According to this structure, when the stopper of a guide pin is made to contact | abut to the base end side of the shank part of a drill main body, the protrusion length of a guide pin can be made the maximum (home position).

  In the above configuration, the stopper may have a radius set larger than a distance from the central axis to the D cut.

  According to this configuration, even when the drill body is inserted from the lower end side of the handpiece with the guide pin inserted, the stopper is obstructed by the portion that fits the D-cut portion on the handpiece side. First, insert the drill body from the lower end side of the handpiece with the guide pin removed, and then insert the guide pin into the guide hole from the proximal end side of the shank. Only then can the handpiece be attached to the entire gingival punch drill.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to make a circular cut in the gum by a simple operation with high positional accuracy and high operability without relying on visual observation, and this is realized with a simple configuration. can do.

(A) is a front view of the gingival punch drill 1 with the guide pin 20 disposed at the protruding position P1, and (B) is a left side view of the same. (A) is a front view of the gingival punch drill 1 in a state where the guide pin 20 is disposed at the retracted position P2, and (B) is a left side view of the same. (A) is a top view (top view) of the handpiece 30 and the gingival punch drill 1 attached to the handpiece 30, and (B) is an XX line view in (A).

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In addition, in each drawing, the member etc. which attached | subjected the same code | symbol are the same structures, The duplication description about these shall be abbreviate | omitted suitably. Moreover, in each drawing, members and the like that are not necessary for the description are omitted as appropriate.
<Embodiment 1>

  With reference to FIGS. 1-3, the gingival punch drill 1 for implant surgery which concerns on Embodiment 1 to which this invention is applied (henceforth "gingival punch drill 1" suitably) is demonstrated.

  FIG. 1A is a front view of the gingival punch drill 1 in a state where the guide pin 20 is disposed at the protruding position (home position) P1, and FIG. FIG. 2A is a front view of the gingival punch drill 1 with the guide pin 20 disposed at the retracted position P2, and FIG. 2B is a left side view of the same. FIG. 3A is a plan view (top view) of the handpiece 30 and the gingival punch drill 1 attached to the handpiece 30, and FIG. 3B is a view taken along line XX in FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the gingival punch drill 1 includes a drill body 10 and a guide pin 20. In the following, a state where the gingival punch drill 1 is used downward, that is, a case where the gingival punch drill 1 is used for the lower jaw in the oral cavity of the patient will be described as an example. When the gingival punch drill 1 is used for the upper jaw, the gingival punch drill 1 and the handpiece 30 are turned upside down.

  The drill body 10 includes a shank portion 11 and a blade portion 12 that are integrally formed.

  The shank portion 11 is a so-called straight shank without a taper, and has a cylindrical shape extending long along the central axis C. On the base end side (upper end side in the figure) of the shank portion 11, a D cut portion 13 is provided in which a D cut 13a that serves as a detent is formed. Further, a thin groove-shaped small diameter portion 14 is formed in the D-cut portion 13. The small diameter portion 14 is engaged with an engagement plate 34 of a handpiece 30 described later, and acts as a retainer. The shank portion 11 is provided with a guide hole 11a along the central axis C over the entire length. That is, the guide hole 11a is formed so as to penetrate the shank portion 11 from the proximal end side to the distal end side. The inner diameter of the guide hole 11a is set to be smaller than the outer diameter of the small-diameter portion 14 and smaller than twice the length of the perpendicular leg hanging from the central axis C to the D-cut 13a.

  The blade part 12 is provided at the tip of the shank part 11. The inside of the blade portion 12 has a bowl shape (cup shape) that opens at the tip side (the lower end side in the drawing), and the outside has a substantially cylindrical shape, and a circular cutting blade 15 at the tip thereof. Is formed. With this cutting edge 15, a circular cut can be made in the gingiva.

  The guide pin 20 is designed to be used by being inserted into the guide hole 11 a of the shank portion 11 of the drill body 10. The guide pin 20 has a pin main body 21 inserted so as to penetrate the guide hole 11a, and a stopper 22 provided on the base end side (upper end side in the drawing) of the pin main body 21.

  The pin main body 21 has a pointed tip 21a formed so as to be pierced by the patient's gingiva. The total length of the pin main body 21 is set longer than the total length of the drill main body 10. That is, if the distance from the base end side of the shank part 11 in the drill body 10 to the cutting edge 15 of the blade part 12 is the full length of the drill body 10, the pin body 21 is set to be longer than the full length of the drill body 10. Thus, when the stopper 22 is brought into contact with the proximal end side of the shank portion 11, the distal end 21 a protrudes from the cutting edge 15. The position of the guide pin 20 at this time is defined as a protruding position P1 (home position). Further, if the length from the cutting edge 15 to the tip 21a of the pin body 21 is the protruding length a, the protruding length a is maximum when the position of the guide pin 20 is the protruding position P1.

  The pin body 21 is designed so that its thickness (outer diameter) can be fitted with a moderate interference fit by frictional resistance when the pin body 21 is inserted into the guide hole 11a of the shank portion 11. . That is, for example, even if the pin body 21 is inserted by hand into the guide hole 11a by a dentist and is released in the middle, the position of the pin body 21 is maintained without moving with respect to the guide hole 11a. In addition, when an external force is applied in the insertion / removal direction, the interference fit is such that it can be moved relatively easily. Here, the case where an external force is applied means that the dentist inserts the pin main body 21 from the proximal end side of the shank portion 11 into the guide hole 11a, or the gingival punch drill 1 to the handpiece 30 as described later. The case where the gingival punch drill 1 is lowered together with the handpiece 30 with the tip 21a of the pin main body 21 inserted into the gingiva is included.

  The stopper 22 has a disk shape and is provided on the proximal end side of the pin main body 21. The radius of the stopper 22 is set to be substantially the same as the radius of the shank portion 11, and is set to be larger than the distance from the central axis C to the D cut 13a. When the stopper 22 is inserted into the guide hole 11 a of the shank portion 11, the stopper 22 is brought into contact with the proximal end side of the shank portion 11, so that the protruding length “a” of the guide pin 20 is limited.

  In the gingival punch drill 1 configured as described above, with the guide pin 20 pulled out from the drill body 10, the drill body 10 is inserted and attached to the handpiece 30, and then the guide pin 20 is inserted into the guide hole 11 a of the drill body 10. Insert. This point will be described in detail below.

  Here, with reference to FIG. 3 (A) and (B), the general handpiece 30 which can mount the gingival punch drill 1 which concerns on Embodiment 1 is demonstrated.

  The handpiece 30 includes a rotating body 32 disposed on the distal end side of the handpiece body 31, a drive shaft 33 that rotationally drives the rotating body 32, and a locking plate 34 that prevents the gingival punch drill 1 from coming off. I have.

  The rotating body 32 has a substantially cylindrical shape coaxial with an axial center S (coincided with the central axis C) facing in the vertical direction, and is rotatably supported by the handpiece body 31. On the inner surface of the upper portion of the rotating body 32, a fitting portion 32a that is fitted to the D-cut portion 13 of the drill body 10 is provided so as to protrude inward. The shank portion 11 of the drill body 10 with the guide pin 20 removed is inserted into the rotating body 32 from below, and the D-cut portion 13 is fitted into the fitting portion 32a. By this fitting, the drill body 10 is prohibited from rotating relative to the rotating body 32. In this fitted state, the small diameter portion 14 of the shank portion 11 is positioned above the upper end of the rotating body 32 and is engaged by a locking plate 34 described later. A bevel gear 35 is provided at the approximate center in the direction along the axis S on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body 32.

  The drive shaft 33 is disposed so as to be orthogonal to the rotating body 32, and a bevel gear 36 that meshes with the bevel gear 35 of the rotating body 32 is provided at the tip. When the drive shaft 33 rotates, this rotation changes its direction by 90 degrees via the bevel gears 36 and 35 and is transmitted to the rotating body 32, and the rotating body 32 rotates. Due to the rotation of the rotating body 32, the drill body 10 whose relative rotation is prohibited is rotated.

  The locking plate 34 has a rectangular shape, and is disposed on the upper surface of the handpiece body 31 so as to be swingable with a shaft 37 as a base shaft. The locking plate 34 has a hook 38 formed on the tip side. At the lock position P3 (shown by a solid line and a dotted line) shown in FIG. This prevents the part 11 from coming off. On the other hand, at the retracted position P4 (illustrated by a two-dot chain line), the hook 38 is disengaged from the small diameter portion 14, and the shank portion 11 can be inserted and removed.

  The guide pin 20 is inserted into the guide hole 11 a from the proximal end side of the shank portion 11 with respect to the drill body 10 mounted on the rotating body 32 of the handpiece 30. This is because when the guide pin 20 is mounted on the drill body 10, the stopper 22 of the guide pin 20 is obstructed by the fitting portion 32 a of the rotating body 32 and cannot pass therethrough.

  As described above, in the gingival punch drill 1 attached to the handpiece 30, the tip 21a of the guide pin 20 protrudes with the protruding length a. In this state, the dentist grasps the proximal end side of the handpiece 30 and inserts the distal end 21a of the guide pin 20 into a “sign” attached to the gum. Thereafter, while rotating the gingival punch drill 1, the gingival punch drill 1 (drill body 10) is slowly lowered along the handpiece 30 with the guide pin 20 as a guide. Thereby, the cutting edge 15 of the gingival punch drill 1 contacts the gingiva while rotating, and a circular cut is made in the gingiva.

  According to the present embodiment, the visual inspection is performed only when the distal end 21a of the guide pin 20 is inserted into the initial “sign” of the gingiva, and thereafter, the gingival punch drill 1 is lowered along the guide pin 20. By such a simple and reliable operation, a circular cut can be made in the gingiva with high positional accuracy.

  In the above embodiment, the case where the diameter of the stopper 22 of the guide pin 20 is larger than the distance from the central axis C to the D-cut 13a has been described as an example. If it is formed in a spherical shape or the like that is smaller than the distance from the axis C to the D-cut 13a and larger than the radius of the guide hole 11a, the gingival punch drill 1 is inserted into the drill body 10 with the guide pin 20 inserted. It becomes possible to attach to the piece 30 and to remove it from the handpiece 30, improving workability.

1 Gingival punch drill (Gingival punch drill for implant surgery)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Drill main body 11 Shank part 11a Guide hole 12 Blade part 13 D cut part 13a D cut 14 Small diameter part 15 Cutting blade 20 Guide pin 21 Pin main body 22 Stopper 30 Handpiece C Center axis S Shaft center

Claims (4)

In a gingival punch drill for implant surgery that is attached to a handpiece and rotates to make a circular cut in the gingiva,
A shank portion mounted on the handpiece and having a guide hole formed along a central axis thereof, and a bowl-shaped blade portion provided at the tip of the shank portion and having a circular cutting edge formed at the tip thereof A drill body comprising:
A guide pin inserted into the guide hole and slidable therein,
A gingival punch drill for implant surgery. The shank portion has a D-cut portion having a D-cut that serves as a detent on the base end side, and a small-diameter portion that serves as a retainer.
The gingival punch drill for implant surgery according to claim 1. The guide pin has a stopper with an outer diameter larger than the inner diameter of the guide hole, which is in contact with the proximal end side of the shank portion and restricts the protruding length of the distal end.
The gingival punch drill for implant surgery according to claim 2. The radius of the stopper is set larger than the distance from the central axis to the D-cut,
A gingival punch drill for implant surgery according to claim 3.

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