JP2011125236A - Slow-acting fertilizer, and nursery bed for long cultivation - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a slow-acting fertilizer enabling effective additional fertilization on soil using a bag-like nursery bed even after so-called soil exhaustion, so as to enable long cultivation and weeding even when plants are long-life ones, by increasing durability of the bag. <P>SOLUTION: The slow-acting fertilizer includes fertilizer 40, and an outer package hardly decayed or corrupted in soil 20 where the fertilizer is placed. The outer package includes a plurality of layers so as to place the fertilizer in the soil for three years or more. The outer package contains a metal thin film layer such as an iron tube layer, a layer composed of a biodegradable plastic, or a wooden tube layer mainly composed of sap wood. Soil improver is kneaded into the fertilizer. The slow-acting fertilizer 40 is preliminarily buried in the nursery bag having sufficiently-long durable years. A water-absorbing agent 50 placed in a hermetically sealed container 51 openable from outside may be housed on the opposite side of a hole 11 for the seedling. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a long-term delayed-acting fertilizer suitable for continuous growth after seedlings have been grown for a certain period of time in a limited soil such as in a seedbed, and a nursery for long-term growth containing the delayed-acting fertilizer. About.

  In recent years, there has been a keen interest in rooftop greening and wall greening, but it is difficult to plant plants for greening after lifting the soil to the rooftop, etc., so the soil has been placed in the bag for a long time as in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 38-24525. Methods have been proposed. Among them, in JP-A-63-501768 (Reference 1), a bag is made of a water-resistant material and a soil component is enclosed therein, and continuous bag formation is achieved using a super absorbent. Yes.

  On the other hand, it has been proposed and practically used to form a slow-acting fertilizer by coating granular fertilizer with rosin or thermosetting resin, and an example thereof is JP-A-8-2988 (reference 2). . These are particularly effective as slow-acting fertilizers that are effective before harvesting plants that are harvested especially in spring and autumn.

JP-A-63-501768 JP-A-8-2988

 When a bag-shaped nursery is used, the seedling will die if it is assumed that the seedling will die after the seedling is planted and before the effect of the fertilizer hydrating element such as a super absorbent is lost. On the other hand, if the plant has a long life, the fertilizer will be depleted even if the durability of the bag is increased, so the bag must be dissolved in the surrounding soil. In any case, it is not suitable for planting plants that have been growing for years like perennial succulent plants, especially fertilizer is added every year in a wide range of greening such as rooftop greening. Is not realistic because he does not walk among prosperous plants. In addition, since the slow-acting fertilizer is designed to have an effect according to the target plant, it has only a slow-acting effect of 3 to 9 months according to the annual plant, and it has been applied to trees by fertilization. On the other hand, if the resin covering the fertilizer is thickened, the resin will not rot, so the fertilizer will not leak out forever. Therefore, for example, when a succulent perennial plant is vegetated on a nursery with a sufficiently long service life, there is no delayed action fertilizer that can be automatically replenished after several years.

 The present invention has been made in consideration of the above points, and includes a fertilizer and an exterior that is not easily corroded or spoiled in the soil containing the fertilizer, and the exterior can store the fertilizer in the soil for three years or more. It is composed of a plurality of layers. Preferably, the exterior includes a metal thin film layer, more preferably an iron tube layer, a layer made of biodegradable plastic, or a wooden tube layer centered on sapwood. Is included. Further, it is more preferable to mix a soil improver with the fertilizer.

 Further, the present invention embeds such a slow-acting fertilizer in a seedling bag having a sufficiently long service life, and is made of a non-woven fabric having water permeability, breathability and weather resistance and has a bag-like seedling having holes for seedlings. A bag and soil stored in the seedling bag, and the seedling bag includes a fertilizer and a plurality of the fertilizers so that the fertilizer can be stored in the soil for 3 years or more without being corroded or spoiled in the soil storing the fertilizer. A slow-acting fertilizer having a layered exterior is stored, and the delayed-acting fertilizer is stored in one seedling bag in a plurality of types with different periods of exterior corrosion or decay, preferably in the seedling bag from the outside A water-absorbing agent housed in an openable sealed container is housed on the opposite side of the hole for seedlings.

 The present invention has been made by finding that the exterior material has a plurality of layers so that the period of corrosion and rot can be adjusted over a long period of time, and the influence of soil and fertilizer can be reduced. In the nursery, seedlings are first grown in the soil around the seedlings, and then a slow-acting fertilizer serves as a supplement for fertilizers. Three years or more is a period obtained by an exterior that is not easily corroded or rotted, and the exterior does not contain anything that does not corrode or rot, so it will not wrap around fertilizer forever. For example, if multiple types of delayed-acting fertilizers such as 3-year delayed-acting fertilizer, 5-year delayed-acting fertilizer, and 7-year delayed-acting fertilizer are packaged at the time of setting up a nursery, etc. Can be done. And even in such a nursery with a long service life, it is usually easy to carry lightly, but it is possible to absorb and retain moisture without draining the soil or drying too much if necessary.

It is a cross-sectional perspective view of the nursery bed for long-term cultivation of the example of the present invention. It is a section perspective view of delayed fertilizer of the example of the present invention. It is a perspective view of the delayed action fertilizer of the Example of this invention.

 The fertilizer is stored in a multi-layered exterior so that it can be stored in the soil for 3 years or longer, and is embedded in a seedling bag having a sufficiently long service life. The exterior may include a metal thin film layer such as an iron cylinder, a layer made of biodegradable plastic, a layer made of paper or non-woven fabric, or a wooden cylinder layer centered on sapwood. The fertilizer may be mixed with a soil conditioner. Such a slow-acting fertilizer is stored in a sealed container that can be opened from the outside of the soil in a bag-shaped seedbed made of a nonwoven fabric having water permeability, breathability and weather resistance and having holes for seedlings. Store together. Such long-acting delayed fertilizers are preferably housed in a single seedling bag of a plurality of types having different periods of exterior corrosion or rot.

  FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional perspective view of a nursery bed for long-term growth according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional perspective view of a slow-acting fertilizer used therefor. In these drawings, reference numeral 10 denotes a bag-shaped nursery bed made of a nonwoven fabric having soil permeability 20 and water permeability, breathability and weather resistance. The soil 20 is, for example, black soil, kanuma soil, bark, fertilizer, or other mixture. The purpose of the seedling 30 is to grow the roots in the nursery bed. It does not include only fertilizer as in the greening business.

 The non-woven fabric of the bag-shaped seedbed 10 is made of, for example, a polypropylene multi-layered spun band, but other aramid fibers, glass fibers, cellulose fibers, nylon fibers, vinylon fibers, polyester fibers, polyolefin fibers, rayon fibers, etc. can be used. . The conditions for using these materials are that moisture and air necessary for growing the seedlings 30 must pass through the fabric, and weather resistance is necessary. For example, it does not rot for 10 years under normal weather management in Japan. It is desirable. This is because the nursery 10 grows seedlings independently of the ground and the rooftop. The 10 years that do not rot is only a guideline, and the above-mentioned polypropylene nonwoven fabric has a track record of 15 years or more, but may be shorter, but weather resistance is necessary. In addition, there is a case where the building to be planted is required to maintain fire resistance. In this case, it is necessary for the nursery bed 10 not to impair the fire resistance of the building. In this case, it is preferable to increase the content of glass fiber as a material for the nonwoven fabric, and for example 90% or more of the glass fiber to form the nonwoven fabric by spun band processing.

A hole 11 for a seedling is provided on the surface of the bag-shaped seedbed 10. The hole 11 may be a simple one cut by a cutter or the like. If necessary, the cut end may not be frayed with a laser cutter or the like. A fastener (sliding clasp) 12 is attached to the hole 11. The fastener 12 can be a metal fastener, a coil fastener (resin fastener), a plastic fastener, or the like, but a resin fastener is preferable in consideration of weather resistance and the soil 20 being filled therein. In the case of, it is preferable to apply a material or surface treatment which does not easily corrode.
The fastener 12 usually has only one slider, but by providing a plurality of sliders on a long fastener so that the central portion is open, it becomes easier to insert the seedling 30 into the soil 20 and the degree of freedom of its arrangement is also great. Since the number is also improved, it is useful for uniform greening of the entire surface, such as planting the seedlings 7 in consideration of the degree of bud growth and leaf tension. Further, the fastener 12 can close the hole 11 without tightening the stem of the seedling 30 and can widen the opening of the fastener 12 according to the growth of the stem. Furthermore, depending on the sliding condition of the slider of the fastener 12 As the stem grows, the slider moves backward and the size of the opening is automatically changed.

  The seedling 30 to be inserted into the hole 11 is a perennial rather than a perennial plant, more preferably an evergreen plant, and the seedling is inserted into the soil with the germinated soil attached to the root rather than germinated from the seed. However, a so-called succulent plant is preferable because it requires less soil than other trees. The succulent plants include cactiaceae, aloeaceae, antaceae, crassulaceae, etc., and those that are suitable for greening may be selected. Totrefujita No. 1 is preferable. Such seedlings 30 grow on the enclosed soil 20, but the growth is limited to the limited soil for many years, even though the required amount of soil is small. It is impossible.

 Reference numeral 40 denotes a delayed-acting fertilizer embedded in the soil. The fertilizer 41 includes a fertilizer 41 and an exterior 42 that hardly corrodes or decays in the soil containing the fertilizer 41. The exterior can store the fertilizer in the soil for three years or more. Are composed of multiple layers of Japanese paper 421, 421, 421. Japanese paper 421, 421, and 421 in this example are stacked in three layers via an oil-based paint. Three years is a period in which the planted soil does not become so nutritious that it becomes sour for the planting plant. There is an opinion that the period of undernourishment varies depending on the plant and soil, but since it is a sealed nursery, the plant is not rooted unnecessarily, and even if there are some lengths, the approximate life span is estimated I can do it.

 The fertilizer 41 contains nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potash as main components, but the evergreen grass of the diatomaceae family grows robustly when calcium is present, so it is more preferable to contain a lot of fish bone scraps, oysters, and the like. If the soil 20 itself becomes so-called tired soil that is not suitable for plant growth, it is more preferable to mix a soil improver such as bark compost, dry humus, dry livestock dung, rice husk and the like. Since these components have a function of being replenished when the soil 20 in the nursery 10 is so-called tired, it is preferable that the fertilizer itself does not deteriorate for a long time during storage.

 And the exterior 42 which accommodates such a fertilizer 40 can be stored without deteriorating the fertilizer for a relatively long period of time, and when the exterior 42 is rotted or corroded, the exterior itself does not hinder plant growth. preferable. In that sense, Japanese paper is originally a tree-based raw material and is preferable because it is easily assimilated into soil. However, when a sheet of Japanese paper is put into the soil 20, the effect of internal fertilizer is added and the decay is accelerated. When Japanese paper is laminated, the surface Japanese paper rots more and more due to the soil and fertilizer that adheres to each other, but the next layer is hardly affected. Focusing on this point, natural adhesives such as rubber and starch are interposed between Japanese papers in order to adjust the outer shape and adjust the decay time. As a result, an exterior 42 having a durability of 3 years and a durability of 7 years was obtained by a combination of the way of cleaning Japanese paper (fineness and thickness of the eyes) and the adhesive.

 Here, the meaning that the fertilizer can be stored in the soil for 3 years or more is difficult to corrode or rot in the soil, which means that the contained fertilizer remains as the main agent after the expiration of the age, and the exterior is frayed or the fertilizer is There is no problem even if the department leaks. That is, it is only necessary to sufficiently maintain the ability to replenish as new fertilizer after the expiration of the age. In that sense, it is more preferable that the delayed-acting fertilizer 40 contains a plurality of types of different seedling bags 10 having different periods of exterior corrosion or decay.

 Reference numeral 50 denotes a water absorbent contained in the seedling bag 10, which is housed in a sealed container 51 that can be opened from the outside, has a substantially flat shape that forms the bottom of the seedling bag 10, and has a hole 11 for the seedling. It is stored on the opposite side. The water-absorbing agent 10 can be composed of a cloth product such as cotton or silk, or may be a highly water-absorbing resin as a water-proofing gelling agent of the Tokyo Fire Department. It is preferable to surround the nursery bed with water repellent paper or an oil cloth so that it can be easily opened by pulling the string so as not to unnecessarily increase the weight of the nursery or cause soil rot. As a result, in the case of abnormal dry weather, or conversely, when a landslide disaster is expected due to heavy rain, it can be opened and supplied to the water-absorbing agent to act as a water supply to the soil or as a sandbag. As described above, even in a nursery having a long service life, it is usually easy to carry lightly, but it is possible to absorb and retain moisture without draining the soil or drying too much as necessary.

 In the above description, the outer package 42 of the slow-acting fertilizer 40 can be formed of a metal thin film layer or the like instead of Japanese paper. Also in this case, when the exterior is rotted or corroded, it is preferable that the exterior itself does not hinder the growth of the plant. For example, an iron cylinder layer can be used. Although the corrosion period of the steel tube layer can be controlled to some extent by the thickness and impurities, it is not preferable that the corrosion progresses due to the fertilizer contained in the steel tube because it may lead to alteration of the fertilizer. Therefore, for example, biological grease is applied to the inner side of the iron cylinder layer, or fertilizer is wrapped with Japanese paper and then inserted into the iron cylinder to form the exterior. In the first place, metal corrosion is eroded by redox and battery effects, but since it is buried in the soil, it tends to become wet and the corrosion period is greatly affected by the moisture content, electrical conductivity, salt concentration, pH, etc. of the soil. The In the case of the present invention, since the soil is intended for growing seedlings, the metal is placed under conditions that are susceptible to corrosion, so that the half of the cylinder is made of grease that has little effect on biodegradable plants, such as polylactic acid and casein. The fertilizer may be configured to leak out from the corroded portion by forming a portion that is easily corroded and a portion that is not easily corroded.

 Such an exterior can also use a layer made of a biodegradable plastic. However, biodegradable plastics may be inferior in durability and functionality, and fine plastic powders that are usually invisible to the extent that they are not visible after decomposition are often left. It is preferable not to form but to form the exterior by laminating with other materials such as Japanese paper or non-woven fabric. The biodegradable plastic may be formed into a sheet shape or a cylindrical shape mainly composed of starch, cellulose, PVA, polylactic acid, polycaprolactan and the like.

 Furthermore, a natural material (organic substance) can be used for the exterior 42. FIG. 3 shows an example in which a layer of a wooden cylinder 427 centering on sapwood is used. It is generally difficult to control the decay period because wood is corroded by degrading bacteria. However, this is difficult because it is considered to rot the log, and even if it is a tree that is said to be hard to rot, it is because the heartwood part is resistant to decaying fungi, so the sapwood part is against the decaying fungus. Resistance is extremely weak. Wood decay fungi are activated by the presence of cellulose, lignin, etc. in the presence of anaerobic wood at around 30 ° C and ambient humidity of 80% or more. This makes it possible to delay the corrosion of perishable wood. In other words, it is possible to use heartwood that is resistant to rotting cypress and chestnut trees, especially against decaying fungi, but this makes it difficult to predict how many years ahead fertilizer will work, so other sapwood that is susceptible to corrosion will be It is preferable to adjust the effective period of the fertilizer by overlapping with a layer (paint or sheet).

 For example, a hole of about 1.5 cm in diameter was made in the center of a cedar branch, about 2 cm in diameter, the core material portion was extracted, and a commercially available preservative was thinly applied on the outside. This was filled with fertilizer wrapped in a single layer of biodegradable plastic thin film 428, plugged 429 made of cedar wood, and embedded in the nursery bed 10 planted with the evergreen grass of the diatomaceae, one year later There was no significant corrosion. When the slow-acting fertilizer using the cedar branches and the surrounding soil were taken out together and accelerated with a weather tester, the biodegradable plastic became visible in about one year and two and a half years. Most of the fertilizers showed up. Considering the possibility of plant seedlings promoting corrosion, the delayed action fertilizer in this experiment is considered to be able to supply fertilizer with a delay of about 4 years. The deadline is not so strict that fertilizer can always be replenished in what month and day of what year, so there are several forms of paint and fertilizer wrapping materials applied to wood, about 4th, 6th, 8th A plurality of slow-acting fertilizers may be stored in the nursery according to the year and a plurality of periods in which the fertilizer works effectively.

 Since it can provide fertilizer that takes effect after the time when the soil is tired from plant growth in the soil, seedlings are first grown in the soil around the seedling in the nursery, and then the slow-acting fertilizer is used as the fertilizer It will serve as a supplement. It is effective if it is buried even in places where it is difficult to add fertilizer or in the environment. For example, if multiple types of slow-acting fertilizers such as 3-year slow-acting fertilizer, 5-year slow-acting fertilizer, and 7-year slow-acting fertilizer are bundled when the nursery is installed, weeds are suppressed and planted by the material on the nursery. The seedlings grow vigorously and will be able to carry out maintenance-free rooftop greening for 10 years.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Nursery bed 11 Hole 12 Fastener 20 Soil 30 Seedling 40 Delayed fertilizer 41 Fertilizer 42 Exterior 421 Japanese paper 427 Wooden cylinder 428 Membrane 429 Plug 50 Water absorbing agent 51 Airtight container

Claims (8)

A slow-acting fertilizer comprising a fertilizer and an exterior that is resistant to corrosion or decay in the soil containing the fertilizer, and the exterior is composed of multiple layers so that the fertilizer can be stored in the soil for 3 years or longer.     The delayed action fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the exterior includes a metal thin film layer.     The slow-acting fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the exterior includes a layer made of a biodegradable plastic.     The slow-acting fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the exterior includes a layer of a wooden tube centering on sapwood.     The slow-acting fertilizer according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein the fertilizer contains a soil conditioner.     It has a bag-shaped seedling bag made of a nonwoven fabric having water permeability, breathability and weather resistance, and has holes for seedlings, and soil stored in the seedling bag. For long-term cultivation, characterized by containing a delayed-acting fertilizer having a multi-layer exterior so that the fertilizer is not easily corroded or spoiled in the soil containing the fertilizer and can be stored in the soil for 3 years or more. Nursery.     The nursery bed for long-term cultivation according to claim 6, wherein a plurality of types of slow-acting fertilizers having different periods of corrosion or rot of the exterior are stored in the seedling bag.     8. The nursery bed for long-term cultivation according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the seedling bag contains a water-absorbing agent housed in an openable sealed container on the opposite side of the hole for seedlings. .