JP2011110028A - Method and device for cultivating plant - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and a device for cultivating plants, by supplying carbon dioxide nanobubbles to a cultivation liquid so as to promote plant photosynthesis. <P>SOLUTION: This method for cultivating plants includes growing by arranging a plant seedling 20 on a cultivation bed 3 floatingly arranged on a cultivation liquid 2, and supplying carbon dioxide nanobubbles to the cultivation liquid 2 to let the plant seedling 20 absorb from the root part 22. As a result of the structure, carbon dioxide nanobubbles are taken into the cell from the plant root, and by synergy with the absorption of carbon dioxide from leaf pores, the absorption amount of carbon dioxide to chlorophyl is increased to promote plant photosynthesis. The device for cultivating plants includes a cultivation water tank 1 into which the cultivation liquid 2 is charged, the cultivation bed 3 supporting the plant seedling 20, and a nanobubble feeding device 10 receiving the supply of carbon dioxide to generate nanobubbles, and supplying carbon dioxide nanobubbles to the cultivation liquid 2. As a result of this, carbon dioxide nanobubbles are efficiently supplied to the cultivation liquid 2, and the absorption amount of carbon dioxide is increased to promote plant photosynthesis. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a plant cultivation method in which the photosynthetic action of plants is enhanced in hydroponics to promote the growth thereof, and a plant cultivation apparatus suitable for this cultivation method.

  Plant growth uses oxygen energy absorbed from sunlight in chlorophyll in leaf cells to produce oxygen and sugars using atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) absorbed from the pores of leaves and water absorbed from the roots. Dominated by so-called photosynthesis. Therefore, in order to promote the growth of plants, it is effective to enhance the photosynthetic action (see Non-Patent Document 1).

  By the way, as also shown in the above-mentioned Non-Patent Document 1, it is known that the photosynthesis of plants varies depending on the intensity of light (the magnitude of light energy), the environmental temperature, and the concentration of carbon dioxide in the environment. Yes. Also, under strong light conditions, the ambient temperature is hardly involved in the photosynthetic rate, and it is governed exclusively by the intensity of light and the carbon dioxide concentration, and the photosynthesis rate is increased by increasing the carbon dioxide concentration under strong light. It is also known. This means that, for example, when the intensity of light is appropriately maintained, the photosynthesis rate is governed only by the carbon dioxide concentration, and the higher the carbon dioxide concentration, the higher the photosynthesis rate (the photosynthesis is promoted). .

  As a technique for increasing the carbon dioxide concentration in such a cultivation environment, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for supplying carbon dioxide to a plant cultivation environment and increasing the concentration in house cultivation such as strawberries. .

  In Patent Document 2, air having a high carbon dioxide concentration is supplied into the cultivation liquid to increase the oxygen concentration around the roots of the plant, and at the same time, the oxidation of the cultivation liquid is suppressed by carbon dioxide (that is, the cultivation liquid). The technique of adjusting the PH of the above is shown.

  On the other hand, Non-Patent Document 2 proposes a technique for generating microbubbles and nanobubbles and supplying nanobubbles in a liquid. Here, the microbubble is a fine bubble having a diameter of 50 μm or less. Nanobubbles are finer bubbles (diameter of 1 μm or less) than microbubbles, and are generated in a process in which microbubbles are crushed in water. These nanobubbles were very unstable and it was technically difficult to keep the nanobubbles in the liquid for a long time, but in recent years, nanobubble stabilization technology has been developed, The utilization method is demanded.

  Although the cause of the stability of such nanobubbles is still in the research stage and no clear conclusion has been reached, non-patent document 2 infers from the experimental results as follows.

  The first reason is that in the process of crushing microbubbles in water containing electrolyte ions, ions in the water condense around the bubbles, creating an electrostatic repulsive force, and the bubbles completely disappear. The second reasoning is that the concentrated ions act as a shell that encloses the bubbles, thereby preventing the escape of the internal gas, thereby preventing the nanobubbles. Exists stably.

  In order to meet the above-mentioned demands associated with the development of nanobubble stabilization technology, a technology for utilizing microbubbles or nanobubbles for hydroponics has been developed and has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 3 and Patent Document 4). .

  In the technique shown in Patent Document 3, the solubility of oxygen in the cultivation liquid when air is supplied to the cultivation liquid as microbubbles is significantly higher than the solubility of oxygen in the case where air is supplied to the cultivation liquid as it is. Based on the knowledge that it is high, it is a technology that promotes oxygen inhalation from the roots of plants by increasing the amount of dissolved oxygen in the cultivation liquid by supplying air as microbubbles to the cultivation liquid.

  The technique disclosed in Patent Document 4 is a technique in which ozone is supplied into the cultivation liquid as microbubbles or nanobubbles, and the cultivation liquid is sterilized and sterilized using the bactericidal properties of ozone.

NHK High School Course Biology “38th Part 6 Environment and Plant Reactions Photosynthesis and Environmental Conditions” http://www.nhk.or.jp/kokokoza/tv/seibutsu/archive/resume038.html National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Press Release "Establishing the world's first nanobubble production and stabilization technology" http://www.aist.go.jp/aist-j/press-relesse/pr2004/pr20040315/pr20040315.html

JP 2009-213414 A JP-A-11-000066 JP 2002-142582 A JP 2008-206448 A

  By the way, as described above, it is effective to increase the amount of carbon dioxide taken into the leaves of the plant to promote the photosynthesis of the plant. Techniques for increasing the concentration are mainstream, and no technology for capturing carbon dioxide from plant roots using nanobubbles has been proposed. Although there are technologies for supplying nanobubbles into the cultivation liquid, what is shown here is to increase the amount of dissolved oxygen by supplying oxygen with high solubility in water as nanobubbles. It is not directly linked to the promotion of

  Then, this invention is made | formed for the purpose of providing the plant cultivation method and plant cultivation apparatus which aimed at promotion of the photosynthesis of a plant by supplying the carbon dioxide nanobubble to a cultivation liquid.

  In the present invention, the following configuration is adopted as a specific means for solving such a problem.

  In 1st invention of this application, the plant seedling 20 is arrange | positioned in the state which immersed the root part 22 in the said cultivation liquid 2 on the cultivation floor 3 arrange | positioned at the liquid level part of the cultivation liquid 2, and the said plant seedling 20 is grown. The plant cultivation method to be performed is characterized in that carbon dioxide nanobubbles are supplied to the cultivation liquid 2 and absorbed by the plant seedling 20 from the root portion 22 together with moisture, nutrients, and the like in the cultivation liquid 2.

  In the second invention of the present application, in the plant cultivation method according to the first invention, the nanobubble-containing liquid 11 containing the carbon dioxide nanobubbles is generated, and the nanobubble-containing liquid 11 is supplied to the cultivation liquid 2. It is characterized by.

  In 3rd invention of this application, in the plant cultivation method which concerns on the said 1st or 2nd invention, irradiating the said plant seedling 20 with the illumination light from the illuminator 9 arrange | positioned above the said plant seedling 20 It is a feature.

  In the plant cultivation apparatus which concerns on 4th invention of this application, it arrange | positions to the liquid level part of the cultivation tank 1 into which the cultivation liquid 2 was thrown in, and the said cultivation liquid 2, and the plant seedling 20 uses the root part 22 as the said cultivation liquid 2 It is characterized by comprising a cultivation bed 3 that is supported in an immersed state, and a nanobubble supply device 10 that receives supply of carbon dioxide to generate nanobubbles and supplies the carbon dioxide nanobubbles to the cultivation liquid 2.

  In the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

  (A) According to the plant cultivation method according to the first invention of the present application, the plant seedling 20 in a state where the root portion 22 is immersed in the cultivation liquid 2 on the cultivation floor 3 arranged on the liquid surface portion of the cultivation liquid 2. In the plant cultivation method in which the plant seedling 20 is grown by arranging the carbon dioxide, the carbon dioxide nanobubbles are supplied to the culture solution 2 and absorbed into the plant seedling 20 from the root portion 22 together with moisture, nutrients, and the like in the culture solution 2. I try to let them.

  In this case, the nanobubbles are excellent in stability and remain in the culture solution 2 over a long period of time, and the diameter thereof is ultrafine, 1 μm or less, and can be taken into the plant root cells together with water, nutrients, and the like. Therefore, the synergistic effect of the inhalation action of carbon dioxide from the leaf pores and the inhalation action of carbon dioxide from the roots increases the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed into chlorophyll, and thus promotes plant photosynthesis, resulting in Therefore, the growth of plants will be promoted.

  (B) According to the plant cultivation method according to the second invention of the present application, the following specific effects can be obtained in addition to the effects described in (a) above. That is, in this invention, since the nanobubble containing liquid 11 containing the nanobubble of carbon dioxide is produced | generated and this nanobubble containing liquid 11 is supplied to the said cultivation liquid 2, for example, nanobubble is directly supplied to the cultivation liquid 2 Compared with the case where it does, the distribution state of the nano bubble in the said cultivation liquid 2 is equalized, a cultivated plant can be grown as uniformly as possible, and the improvement of the quality of a cultivated plant can be expected by extension.

  (C) According to the plant cultivation method according to the third invention of the present application, the following specific effects can be obtained in addition to the effects described in the above (a) or (b). That is, in this invention, since the said plant seedling 20 is irradiated with the illumination light from the illuminator 9 arrange | positioned above the plant seedling 20, the plant cultivation method suitable for indoor plant cultivation can be provided. . In addition, the photosynthesis of plants has the property that the greater the light energy and the higher the carbon dioxide concentration, the greater the photosynthesis rate, so by appropriately setting the relationship between the carbon dioxide concentration and the intensity of illumination light, It becomes easy to adjust the photosynthetic rate and manage the growth state of the plant (for example, the harvest time of the plant).

  (D) According to the plant cultivation apparatus according to the fourth invention of the present application, the cultivation water tank 1 into which the cultivation liquid 2 is introduced, and the root portion 22 of the plant seedling 20 disposed on the liquid surface portion of the cultivation liquid 2 are arranged. Since it has the cultivation bed 3 supported in the state immersed in the said cultivation liquid 2, and the nano bubble supply apparatus 10 which receives supply of a carbon dioxide, produces | generates a nano bubble, and supplies this nano bubble of a carbon dioxide to the said cultivation liquid 2 The carbon dioxide nanobubbles can be efficiently supplied to the cultivation liquid 2 in the cultivation water tank 1. In this case, the nanobubbles are excellent in stability and remain in the culture solution 2 for a long period of time, and the diameter thereof is ultrafine, 1 μm or less, and can be taken into the plant root cells together with water and nutrients. Therefore, the synergistic effect of carbon dioxide inhalation from the stomata of leaves and carbon dioxide from the roots surely increases the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed into chlorophyll, thus promoting plant photosynthesis. It is possible to provide a plant cultivation apparatus having a high plant growth promoting effect.

It is a system diagram of the plant cultivation apparatus provided for implementation of the plant cultivation method concerning an embodiment of the invention of this application.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described based on preferred embodiments.

  In FIG. 1, the whole system structure of the plant cultivation apparatus used in a cultivation facility is shown as an example of the plant cultivation apparatus used for implementation of the plant cultivation method which concerns on embodiment of this invention, Reference numeral 1 denotes a cultivation tank having a predetermined size.

  A predetermined amount of the cultivation liquid 2 is introduced into the cultivation tank 1, and a cultivation floor 3 is levitated on the liquid surface side of the cultivation liquid 2.

  The cultivated floor 3 is composed of a plate-like body having a required buoyancy, and a plurality of plant support holes 3a are provided at predetermined intervals through the cultivated floor 3 in the plate thickness direction inside the plane direction. ing.

  A seedling cup 4 in which a plant seedling 20 is planted is accommodated in the plant support hole 3 a of the cultivation floor 3. The plant seedling 20 has its leaf portion 21 extending upward from the seedling cup 4, while its root portion 22 extends downward from the seedling cup 4 and is entirely immersed in the culture solution 2.

  The cultivating aquarium 1 includes a circulation pump 32 and a suction pipe whose suction end is located in the cultivating liquid 2 in the storage tank 31 and a discharge pipe whose discharge end is connected to the storage tank 31. Liquid pipes 6 are respectively provided, and the cultivation liquid 2 is circulated between the cultivation water tank 1 and the storage liquid tank 31 by the operation of the circulation pump 32. In addition, since the nanobubble containing liquid is supplied to the said storage liquid tank 31 from the nanobubble generator 7 of the nanobubble supply apparatus 10 mentioned later, it is actually returned to the said cultivation tank 1 by the said circulation pump 32. The mixed liquid 12 of the cultivation liquid 2 and the nanobubble-containing liquid is used.

  On the other hand, the cultivating water tank 1 is provided with a nanobubble supply device 10 described below. The nanobubble supply device 10 includes the storage tank 31, the nanobubble generation device 7, the carbon dioxide supply source 8, the circulation pump 32 (corresponding to “mixed liquid supply unit” in the claims), and the circulation pump 33. It is prepared for.

  The nanobubble generator 7 receives the cultivating liquid 2 in the storage tank 31 supplied from the suction pipe 34 provided with the circulation pump 33 and the carbon dioxide supplied from the carbon dioxide supply source 8, and receives the nanobubble containing liquid. 11 and the nanobubble-containing liquid 11 is supplied to the cultivation liquid 2 in the storage tank 31 through the discharge pipe 35 and mixed therewith. Therefore, the storage tank 31 is a mixed liquid 12 in which the cultivation liquid 2 refluxed from the cultivation water tank 1 and the nanobubble-containing liquid 11 supplied from the nanobubble generator 7 are mixed.

  The mixed liquid 12 is supplied from the liquid supply pipe 5 into the cultivation water tank 1 by the circulation pump 32. As a result, the cultivation liquid 2 in the cultivation water tank 1 becomes the cultivation liquid 2 in which carbon dioxide nanobubbles are mixed at a high concentration. However, the carbon dioxide nanobubbles are stable and have a period until the crushing. Because it is long (for example, several months), the cultivation liquid 2 in the cultivation water tank 1 exists as a liquid containing high-concentration carbon dioxide nanobubbles over a long period of time without always operating the nanobubble supply device 10. become. The circulation pump 32 corresponds to a “mixed liquid supply unit” in the claims.

  By placing the plant seedling 20 on the cultivation floor 3 floated on the cultivation liquid 2 containing carbon dioxide nanobubbles in this way, and irradiating the plant seedling 20 with illumination light from the illuminator 9, The growth of the plant seedling 20 is promoted.

  That is, the cultivation liquid 2 of the cultivation tank 1 in which the root portion 22 of the plant seedling 20 is immersed is a liquid containing carbon dioxide nanobubbles, and the carbon dioxide nanobubbles are excellent in stability and are not crushed for a long time. Since it remains in the cultivation liquid 2 and has an ultrafine diameter of 1 μm or less, it is taken into the root cells together with water and nutrients from the surface of the root portion 22 of the plant seedling 20 by an action such as osmotic pressure. . The carbon dioxide nanobubbles taken up into the cells are drastically reduced in comparison with the amount of water that is a solvent for the electrolyte ions present in the surroundings when the carbon dioxide nanobubbles are in the culture solution 2. The shell of ions condensed in the surroundings collapses and disappears, and carbon dioxide in the inside moves together with water, nutrients, and the like from the root portion 22 to the leaf portion 21, thereby inhaling carbon dioxide from the root portion 22 of the plant seedling 20. Is realized.

  Therefore, in the plant seedling 20, in addition to the natural carbon dioxide inhalation action in nature, that is, inhalation of carbon dioxide from the pores of the leaf portion 21, carbon dioxide is also taken in from the root portion 22, The amount of carbon dioxide absorbed into the leaf portion 21 of the plant seedling 20 is significantly increased by the amount taken up from the root portion 22, and photosynthesis in the chlorophyll is promoted accordingly. As a result, the growth of the plant seedling 20 is promoted. It is

  Moreover, in this case, instead of supplying the nanobubble-containing liquid 11 containing carbon dioxide nanobubbles directly to the cultivating liquid 2 in the cultivating aquarium 1, first, the cultivating liquid 2 that recirculates from the cultivating aquarium 1 in the storage tank 31. The nanobubble-containing liquid 11 is supplied and mixed, and the mixed liquid 12 is supplied to the cultivation liquid 2 in the cultivation water tank 1 so that the distribution state of carbon dioxide nanobubbles in the cultivation liquid 2 is as much as possible. It is equalized and the plant seedling 20 can be grown uniformly, and the quality improvement of the plant seedling 20 can be expected.

  In addition, this invention supplies the nanobubble containing liquid 11 containing the nanobubble of carbon dioxide to the cultivation liquid 2 in the said storage tank 31 like this embodiment, and the inside of the said cultivation tank 1 through this storage tank 31 It is not limited to the structure supplied to the cultivation liquid 2 of this, It can also comprise so that the nanobubble containing liquid 11 containing the nanobubble of a carbon dioxide may be directly supplied to the cultivation liquid 2 in the said cultivation water tank 1. FIG.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, although it is comprised so that the cultivation liquid 2 in the said cultivation water tank 1 may recirculate | reflux the said storage tank 31 through the said drainage pipe 6, this invention is limited to the structure which concerns. For example, when the cultivation liquid 2 in the cultivation water tank 1 is circulated between the other cultivation water tanks 1 and the amount of the cultivation liquid 2 in each cultivation water tank 1 is reduced, only the amount corresponding to the reduced amount is obtained. The cultivation liquid 2 in the storage tank 31 can be supplied to the cultivation tank 1.

1 ・ ・ Cultivation tank 2 ・ ・ Cultivation liquid 3 ・ ・ Cultivation floor 4 ・ ・ Seedling cup 5 ・ ・ Liquid supply pipe 6 ・ ・ Drainage pipe 7 ・ ・ Nanobubble generator 8 ・ ・ Carbon dioxide supply source 9 ・ ・ Illuminator 10 .. Nano bubble supply device 11 .. Liquid containing nano bubbles 12 .. Liquid mixture 20 .. Plant seedling 21 .. Leaf part 22 .. Root part 31 .. Storage tank 32 .. Circulation pump (mixed liquid supply part)
33 ..Circulating pump 34 ..Suction pipe 35 ..Discharge pipe

Claims (4)

The plant seedling (20) is placed in a state where the root (22) is immersed in the cultivation liquid (2) on the cultivation floor (3) arranged on the liquid surface portion of the cultivation liquid (2), and the plant seedling ( 20) a plant cultivation method for growing
Plant cultivation characterized in that carbon dioxide nanobubbles are supplied to the cultivation liquid (2) and absorbed by the plant seedling (20) from the root (22) together with moisture, nutrients and the like in the cultivation liquid (2). Method. In claim 1,
The plant cultivation method characterized by producing | generating the nanobubble containing liquid (11) containing the nanobubble of the said carbon dioxide, and supplying this nanobubble containing liquid (11) to the said cultivation liquid (2). In claim 1 or 2,
The plant cultivation method characterized by irradiating the said plant seedling (20) with the illumination light from the illuminator (9) arrange | positioned above the said plant seedling (20). Cultivation tank (1) into which the cultivation liquid (2) has been introduced,
A cultivation bed (3) disposed in the liquid surface portion of the cultivation liquid (2) and supporting the plant seedling (20) in a state where the root (22) is immersed in the cultivation liquid (2);
A plant cultivation apparatus comprising a nanobubble supply device (10) that receives supply of carbon dioxide to generate nanobubbles and supplies the carbon dioxide nanobubbles to the cultivation liquid (2).

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