JP2011098424A - Diamond-coated tool exhibiting excellent chipping resistance and excellent wear resistance - Google Patents

Diamond-coated tool exhibiting excellent chipping resistance and excellent wear resistance Download PDF

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JP2011098424A
JP2011098424A JP2009255921A JP2009255921A JP2011098424A JP 2011098424 A JP2011098424 A JP 2011098424A JP 2009255921 A JP2009255921 A JP 2009255921A JP 2009255921 A JP2009255921 A JP 2009255921A JP 2011098424 A JP2011098424 A JP 2011098424A
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JP5402543B2 (en
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Tetsumitsu Tominaga
哲光 冨永
Satoyuki Masuno
智行 益野
Shinya Nakamura
伸弥 中村
Yusuke Tanaka
裕介 田中
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Mitsubishi Materials Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a diamond-coated tool exhibiting excellent chipping resistance and excellent wear resistance over use in a long period of time. <P>SOLUTION: In the diamond-coated tool, a surface of a tool body constituted of WC-based cemented carbide or TiCN-based cermet is coated with a lower diamond film having film thickness of 1.5-30 &mu;m formed of an alternate laminated layer of a coarse grain crystal layer and an amorphous layer and an upper diamond film having film thickness of 1.5-10 &mu;m formed of an alternate laminated layer of a fine grain crystal layer and an amorphous layer. Film thickness of the coarse grain crystal layer at an upper side of the lower diamond film is formed thinner than the film thickness of the coarse grain crystal layer at a lower side of the lower diamond film. Further, film thickness of the fine grain crystal layer at a surface side of the upper diamond film is formed thinner than the film thickness of the fine grain crystal layer at a lower side of the upper diamond film. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

この発明は、炭化タングステン基超硬合金または炭窒化チタン基サーメットからなる工具基体にダイヤモンド皮膜を被覆したダイヤモンド被覆工具に関し、特に、金属材料よりも比強度、比剛性の高いCFRP(Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics。炭素繊維強化プラスチック)あるいは溶着性の高いAl合金等の高送り、高切込みの切削加工に際し、長期の使用に亘って、すぐれた耐欠損性および耐摩耗性を発揮するダイヤモンド被覆工具に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a diamond coated tool in which a diamond coating is coated on a tool base made of a tungsten carbide-based cemented carbide or a titanium carbonitride-based cermet. Carbon fiber reinforced plastics) or diamond-coated tools that exhibit excellent fracture resistance and wear resistance over long periods of time when cutting high-feed, high-cut, such as highly weldable Al alloys. is there.

従来、炭化タングステン基(WC基)超硬合金または炭窒化チタン基(TiCN基)サーメットなどの工具基体に、ダイヤモンド皮膜を被覆したダイヤモンド被覆工具が知られており、
例えば、工具基体表面に、ダイヤモンドの結晶成長の起点となる核付着工程およびダイヤモンドを結晶成長させる結晶成長工程とを繰り返し行うことにより、結晶粒径が微細なダイヤモンド皮膜を被覆したダイヤモンド被覆工具が知られており、この被覆工具を用いたAl合金の切削加工で、すぐれた面精度を得られることが知られている。
Conventionally, a diamond coated tool in which a diamond coating is coated on a tool substrate such as a tungsten carbide group (WC group) cemented carbide or a titanium carbonitride group (TiCN group) cermet is known.
For example, a diamond-coated tool is known in which a diamond coating with a fine crystal grain size is coated on the surface of a tool substrate by repeatedly performing a nucleus deposition process that is the starting point of diamond crystal growth and a crystal growth process that causes diamond crystal growth. It is known that excellent surface accuracy can be obtained by cutting Al alloy using this coated tool.

特開2002−79406号公報JP 2002-79406 A

近年の切削加工装置のFA化はめざましく、一方で切削加工に対する省力化および省エネ化、さらに低コスト化の要求は強く、これに伴って、切削条件はますます厳しいものとなってきている。上記の従来被覆工具は、これを通常条件での切削加工に用いた場合には特段の問題は生じないが、これを、一般の金属材料に比して、比強度、比剛性にすぐれるCFRPの切削加工、軟質で溶着性の高いAl合金等の切削加工に用いた場合には、CFRPは炭素繊維とエポキシ系樹脂の複合材であるため工具摩耗が激しく、また、Al合金等は、切削時の切刃への溶着、欠損を生じやすく、工具寿命が短命となるという問題点があった。   In recent years, the FA of cutting devices has been remarkably improved. On the other hand, there is a strong demand for labor saving and energy saving and further cost reduction for cutting processing, and accordingly, cutting conditions have become increasingly severe. The above-mentioned conventional coated tool does not cause any special problems when used for cutting under normal conditions. However, this is a CFRP that is superior in specific strength and specific rigidity as compared with general metal materials. When used for cutting of soft and highly weldable Al alloys, etc., CFRP is a composite of carbon fiber and epoxy resin, so tool wear is severe. There was a problem that the welding and breakage to the cutting blade at the time were likely to occur, and the tool life was shortened.

そこで、本発明者等は、上述のような観点から、特に難削材であるCFRPあるいは溶着性の高いAl合金等の切削加工において、長期の使用に亘って、すぐれた耐欠損性、耐摩耗性を発揮するダイヤモンド被覆工具を開発すべく鋭意研究を行った結果、以下の知見を得た。
即ち、図1は、本発明のダイヤモンド被覆工具の側断面の概略図を示すが、図1において、WC基超硬合金またはTiCN基サーメットで構成された工具基体表面に、粗粒結晶層と非晶質層の交互積層からなる下部ダイヤモンド皮膜と、細粒結晶層と非晶質層の交互積層からなる上部ダイヤモンド皮膜とを構成し、該下部ダイヤモンド皮膜上方側(上部ダイヤモンド皮膜側)の粗粒結晶層の膜厚を、下部ダイヤモンド皮膜下方側(工具基体側)の粗粒結晶層の膜厚より薄膜に形成し、また、上部ダイヤモンド皮膜表面側の細粒結晶層の膜厚を、上部ダイヤモンド皮膜下方側(下部ダイヤモンド皮膜側)の細粒結晶層の膜厚より薄膜に形成すると、このようなダイヤモンド皮膜を被覆したダイヤモンド被覆工具は、すぐれた耐欠損性、耐摩耗性を備え、長期の使用に亘って、すぐれた切削性能を示すことを見出したのである。
In view of the above, the inventors of the present invention have excellent chipping resistance and wear resistance over a long period of use, particularly in cutting of difficult-to-cut materials such as CFRP or highly weldable Al alloy. As a result of diligent research to develop a diamond-coated tool that demonstrates its properties, the following findings were obtained.
That is, FIG. 1 shows a schematic side sectional view of the diamond-coated tool of the present invention. In FIG. 1, a coarse crystal layer and a non-crystalline layer are not formed on the surface of a tool base made of WC-based cemented carbide or TiCN-based cermet. A lower diamond film consisting of alternating layers of crystalline layers and an upper diamond film consisting of alternating layers of fine-grained crystal layers and amorphous layers are composed of coarse grains on the upper side of the lower diamond film (upper diamond film side) The film thickness of the crystal layer is made thinner than the film thickness of the coarse crystal layer below the lower diamond film (tool base side), and the film thickness of the fine crystal layer on the surface side of the upper diamond film is set to be the upper diamond. When formed into a thin film from the film thickness of the fine-grained crystal layer on the lower side of the film (lower diamond film side), the diamond-coated tool coated with such a diamond film has excellent fracture resistance and wear resistance. Provided, over a long period of use, it was found to exhibit excellent cutting performance.

この発明は、上記知見に基づいてなされたものであって、
「 炭化タングステン基超硬合金または炭窒化チタン基サーメットで構成された工具基体表面に、膜厚1.5〜30μmの下部ダイヤモンド皮膜と、膜厚1.5〜10μmの上部ダイヤモンド皮膜が被覆されたダイヤモンド被覆工具であって、
(a)上記の下部ダイヤモンド皮膜は、500〜3000nmの一層平均膜厚を有し100nm以上800nm以下の平均粒径の粗粒結晶で構成された粗粒結晶層と、50〜300nmの一層平均膜厚を有する含非晶質炭素で構成された非晶質層との交互積層構造からなり、
(b)上記の上部ダイヤモンド皮膜は、650〜1000nmの一層平均膜厚を有し40nm以上100nm未満の平均粒径の細粒結晶で構成された細粒結晶層と、50〜300nmの一層平均膜厚を有する含非晶質炭素で構成された非晶質層との交互積層構造からなり、
(c)さらに、上記の下部ダイヤモンド皮膜において、下部ダイヤモンド皮膜上方側(上部ダイヤモンド皮膜側)の粗粒結晶層の膜厚は、下部ダイヤモンド皮膜下方側(工具基体側)の粗粒結晶層の膜厚より薄膜として形成され、また、上記の上部ダイヤモンド皮膜において、上部ダイヤモンド皮膜表面側の細粒結晶層の膜厚は、上部ダイヤモンド皮膜下方側(下部ダイヤモンド皮膜側)の細粒結晶層の膜厚より薄膜として形成されている、
ことを特徴とするダイヤモンド被覆工具。」
に特徴を有するものである。
This invention has been made based on the above findings,
“The lower diamond film with a film thickness of 1.5 to 30 μm and the upper diamond film with a film thickness of 1.5 to 10 μm were coated on the surface of the tool base composed of tungsten carbide-based cemented carbide or titanium carbonitride-based cermet. A diamond-coated tool,
(A) The lower diamond film is composed of a coarse crystal layer composed of coarse crystals having an average film thickness of 500 to 3000 nm and an average particle diameter of 100 nm to 800 nm, and a single layer average film of 50 to 300 nm. Consisting of an alternating layered structure with amorphous layers composed of amorphous carbon with a thickness,
(B) The above upper diamond film has a single layer average film thickness of 650 to 1000 nm and a fine crystal layer composed of fine crystals having an average particle diameter of 40 nm or more and less than 100 nm, and a single layer average film of 50 to 300 nm. Consisting of an alternating layered structure with amorphous layers composed of amorphous carbon with a thickness,
(C) Furthermore, in the lower diamond film, the film thickness of the coarse crystal layer on the upper side of the lower diamond film (upper diamond film side) is the film of the coarse crystal layer on the lower side of the lower diamond film (tool base side). In the above upper diamond film, the film thickness of the fine crystal layer on the surface side of the upper diamond film is the film thickness of the fine crystal layer below the upper diamond film (lower diamond film side). Formed as a thin film,
A diamond-coated tool characterized by that. "
It has the characteristics.

つぎに、この発明のダイヤモンド被覆工具の被覆層について、詳細に説明する。   Next, the coating layer of the diamond-coated tool of the present invention will be described in detail.

本発明の下部ダイヤモンド皮膜を構成する粗粒結晶層と非晶質層、上部ダイヤモンド皮膜を構成する細粒結晶層と非晶質層は、いずれも、例えば、通常の熱フィラメント法を用いた化学蒸着によって形成することができる。   The coarse crystal layer and the amorphous layer constituting the lower diamond film of the present invention, and the fine crystal layer and the amorphous layer constituting the upper diamond film, for example, are both chemicals using a normal hot filament method. It can be formed by vapor deposition.

粗粒結晶層:
例えば、工具基体表面直上に、以下の条件の熱フィラメント法により、粗粒結晶層を蒸着形成することができる。
成膜圧力 : 2×10−2〜9×10−2 Pa、
流量 : 2000〜4000 mln、
CH流量 : 20〜50 mln、
フィラメント電流値 : 150〜200 A、
成膜温度 : 600〜900 ℃、
上記条件で形成された粗粒結晶層は、柱状結晶を有し、平均粒径100nm以上800nm以下の粗粒結晶層として形成される。
なお、この発明でいう平均粒径とは、各層の層厚の中心部分における結晶粒径を透過型電子顕微鏡にて測定し、その平均値を各層の平均粒径であると定義する。
粗粒結晶層は、主として、切削加工時の耐摩耗性の確保に寄与するが、粗粒結晶層の一層膜厚が500nm未満では、上記所望の効果が得られず、一方、一層膜厚が3000nmを超えると、皮膜表面粗さの増大に伴うチッピング(微小欠け)が発生し易くなることから、粗粒結晶層の一層平均膜厚は500〜3000nmであることが必要である。
Coarse crystal layer:
For example, a coarse crystal layer can be formed by vapor deposition on the tool substrate surface by the hot filament method under the following conditions.
Deposition pressure: 2 × 10 −2 to 9 × 10 −2 Pa
H 2 flow rate: 2000 to 4000 mln,
CH 4 flow rate: 20~50 mln,
Filament current value: 150-200 A,
Deposition temperature: 600 to 900 ° C.
The coarse crystal layer formed under the above conditions has a columnar crystal and is formed as a coarse crystal layer having an average particle size of 100 nm to 800 nm.
In addition, the average particle diameter referred to in the present invention is defined as the average particle diameter of each layer obtained by measuring the crystal particle diameter at the center of the layer thickness of each layer with a transmission electron microscope.
The coarse crystal layer mainly contributes to ensuring wear resistance during cutting, but if the thickness of the coarse crystal layer is less than 500 nm, the desired effect cannot be obtained. If it exceeds 3000 nm, chipping (minute chipping) accompanying the increase in film surface roughness is likely to occur. Therefore, the average film thickness of the coarse crystal layer needs to be 500 to 3000 nm.

非晶質層:
工具基体表面直上に形成された粗粒結晶層のうえに、含非晶質炭素からなる非晶質層を同じく以下の条件の熱フィラメント法により形成する。
成膜圧力 : 2×10−2〜9×10−2 Pa、
流量 : 2000〜4000 mln、
CH流量 : 80〜150 mln、
フィラメント電流値 : 150〜200 A、
成膜温度 : 600〜900 ℃、
上記条件で形成された非晶質層について、透過型電子顕微鏡により観察したところ、ハローパターンを示すことから該層中には非晶質構造の炭素の存在することが確認される。
上記非晶質層は、交互積層構造を形成する粗粒結晶層の結晶粒粗大化を抑制(分断)するとともに、両層界面近傍での応力分散効率が高くなり、両層間での密着性が向上するが、この非晶質層の膜厚が50nm未満では核生成密度の向上が少なく、また、密着性向上効果を期待できず、一方、非晶質層の膜厚が300nmを超えると、ダイヤモンド皮膜の硬度低下が生じるようになるため、非晶質層の膜厚は50〜300nmとすることが必要である。
Amorphous layer:
An amorphous layer made of amorphous carbon-containing carbon is formed on the coarse crystal layer formed immediately above the tool base surface by the hot filament method under the following conditions.
Deposition pressure: 2 × 10 −2 to 9 × 10 −2 Pa
H 2 flow rate: 2000 to 4000 mln,
CH 4 flow rate: 80~150 mln,
Filament current value: 150-200 A,
Deposition temperature: 600 to 900 ° C.
When the amorphous layer formed under the above conditions is observed with a transmission electron microscope, it shows a halo pattern, which confirms the presence of amorphous carbon in the layer.
The amorphous layer suppresses (breaks) the grain coarsening of the coarse crystal layer forming the alternate laminated structure, increases the stress distribution efficiency near the interface between the two layers, and improves the adhesion between the two layers. However, if the film thickness of this amorphous layer is less than 50 nm, there is little improvement in the nucleation density, and the effect of improving the adhesion cannot be expected. On the other hand, if the film thickness of the amorphous layer exceeds 300 nm, Since the hardness of the diamond film is lowered, the film thickness of the amorphous layer needs to be 50 to 300 nm.

下部ダイヤモンド皮膜:
上記の粗粒結晶層と非晶質層を交互に形成することにより、交互積層構造からなる下部ダイヤモンド皮膜を形成することができる。
しかし、交互積層構造からなる下部ダイヤモンド皮膜においては、成膜が進行し積層数が増加するにつれ、粗粒結晶層の結晶粒が粗大化しやすくなり、皮膜表面の粗さが大になり、耐欠損性を低下させることになる。
そこで、この発明では、交互積層構造からなる下部ダイヤモンド皮膜の形成に際し、粗粒結晶層の膜厚を、成膜の進行による積層数の増加に対応して薄膜化するように膜厚調整をしながら成膜を行い、交互積層に伴う粗粒結晶層の結晶粒粗大化を抑制する。
粗粒結晶層の膜厚は、下部ダイヤモンド皮膜下方側の工具基体表面直上では、1000〜3000nmであり、下部ダイヤモンド皮膜下方側から上方側へ向うにしたがって、膜厚が順次に薄膜化されてゆき、下部ダイヤモンド皮膜最上方側(上部ダイヤモンド皮膜直下)では、500〜1500nmであることが望ましい。
下部ダイヤモンド皮膜は、上記の交互積層構造及び粗粒結晶層の膜厚調整によって、結晶粒粗大化を防止しつつ所定の膜厚を確保できることから、すぐれた耐摩耗性を備えるとともに、下部ダイヤモンド皮膜の表面粗さを所望値以下に抑えることができる。
ただ、下部ダイヤモンド皮膜の膜厚が1.5μm未満では、長期の使用に亘ってすぐれた耐摩耗性を発揮することができず、一方、下部ダイヤモンド皮膜の膜厚が30μmを超えるような場合には、表面粗さが大きくなり、耐欠損性が低下することから、下部ダイヤモンド皮膜の膜厚は1.5〜30μmとする。
Lower diamond coating:
By alternately forming the coarse crystal layer and the amorphous layer, a lower diamond film having an alternately laminated structure can be formed.
However, in the lower diamond film composed of an alternating layer structure, as the number of layers increases and the number of layers increases, the crystal grains of the coarse crystal layer tend to become coarse, the roughness of the film surface increases, and the defect resistance Will reduce the sex.
Therefore, in the present invention, when forming the lower diamond film having an alternately laminated structure, the film thickness of the coarse crystal layer is adjusted so as to reduce the film thickness corresponding to the increase in the number of laminated layers as the film formation proceeds. The film formation is performed while suppressing the coarsening of the coarse crystal layer due to the alternate lamination.
The film thickness of the coarse crystal layer is 1000 to 3000 nm immediately above the surface of the tool base on the lower side of the lower diamond film, and the film thickness is gradually reduced from the lower side of the lower diamond film to the upper side. On the uppermost side of the lower diamond film (directly below the upper diamond film), the thickness is desirably 500 to 1500 nm.
The lower diamond film has excellent wear resistance and lower diamond film because the predetermined diamond film thickness can be secured while preventing the coarsening of the crystal grains by adjusting the thickness of the above-mentioned alternate laminated structure and coarse crystal layer. Can be suppressed to a desired value or less.
However, if the film thickness of the lower diamond film is less than 1.5 μm, it cannot exhibit excellent wear resistance over a long period of use, while the film thickness of the lower diamond film exceeds 30 μm. Since the surface roughness increases and the fracture resistance decreases, the film thickness of the lower diamond film is set to 1.5 to 30 μm.

細粒結晶層:
下部ダイヤモンド皮膜表面に、例えば、以下の条件の熱フィラメント法により細粒結晶層を形成する。
成膜圧力 : 2×10−2〜9×10−2 Pa、
流量 : 2000〜4000 mln、
CH流量 : 70〜150 mln、
流量 : 20〜40 mln、
フィラメント電流値 : 150〜200 A、
成膜温度 : 600〜900 ℃、
即ち、この細粒結晶層は、非晶質層Aの成膜条件に比し、20〜40mlnのOを装置内に導入することによって、平均粒径40nm以上100nm未満の細粒結晶層を形成することができる。
細粒結晶層は、ダイヤモンド皮膜表面の平坦性向上に寄与し、特に切削加工時における耐欠損性を向上させる。
ただ、細流結晶層の一層膜厚が650nm未満では、皮膜耐摩耗性が維持されず上記所望の効果が得られず、一方、一層膜厚が1000nmを超えると、結晶粒が粗大化しやすくなりダイヤモンド皮膜表面の平坦性が低下するようになることから、細流結晶層の一層膜厚は、650〜1000nmとする必要がある。
Fine crystal layer:
A fine crystal layer is formed on the surface of the lower diamond film by, for example, a hot filament method under the following conditions.
Deposition pressure: 2 × 10 −2 to 9 × 10 −2 Pa
H 2 flow rate: 2000 to 4000 mln,
CH 4 flow rate: 70~150 mln,
O 2 flow rate: 20-40 mln,
Filament current value: 150-200 A,
Deposition temperature: 600 to 900 ° C.
That is, this fine-grained crystal layer has a mean grain size of 40 nm or more and less than 100 nm by introducing 20 to 40 mln of O 2 into the apparatus as compared with the film formation conditions of the amorphous layer A. Can be formed.
The fine-grained crystal layer contributes to improving the flatness of the surface of the diamond film, and in particular, improves fracture resistance during cutting.
However, if the single layer thickness of the trickle crystal layer is less than 650 nm, the film wear resistance is not maintained and the above desired effect cannot be obtained. On the other hand, if the layer thickness exceeds 1000 nm, the crystal grains are likely to be coarsened and diamond. Since the flatness of the coating surface is lowered, the single layer thickness of the trickle crystal layer needs to be 650 to 1000 nm.

非晶質層:
上記細粒結晶層のうえに、含非晶質炭素からなる非晶質層を前記と同様の以下の条件の熱フィラメント法により形成する。
成膜圧力 : 2×10−2〜9×10−2 Pa、
流量 : 2000〜4000 mln、
CH流量 : 80〜150 mln、
フィラメント電流値 : 150〜200 A、
成膜温度 : 600〜900 ℃、
上記条件で形成された非晶質層について、透過型電子顕微鏡により観察したところ、前記と同様なハローパターンを示すことから該層中には非晶質構造の炭素の存在することが確認される。
上記非晶質層は、交互積層構造を形成する細粒結晶層との密着性が高く、細粒結晶層の粗大化を防止するが、この非晶質層の膜厚が50nm未満では細粒結晶層の粗大化抑制効果が少なく、一方、非晶質層の膜厚が300nmを超えると、ダイヤモンド皮膜の硬度低下が生じるようになるため、非晶質層の膜厚は50〜300nmとすることが必要である。
Amorphous layer:
On the fine crystal layer, an amorphous layer made of amorphous carbon is formed by the hot filament method under the same conditions as described above.
Deposition pressure: 2 × 10 −2 to 9 × 10 −2 Pa
H 2 flow rate: 2000 to 4000 mln,
CH 4 flow rate: 80~150 mln,
Filament current value: 150-200 A,
Deposition temperature: 600 to 900 ° C.
When an amorphous layer formed under the above conditions is observed with a transmission electron microscope, it shows a halo pattern similar to the above, confirming the presence of amorphous carbon in the layer. .
The amorphous layer has high adhesiveness with the fine crystal layer forming the alternate laminated structure, and prevents the fine crystal layer from being coarsened. However, if the film thickness of the amorphous layer is less than 50 nm, the fine crystal layer is fine. The effect of suppressing the coarsening of the crystal layer is small. On the other hand, when the film thickness of the amorphous layer exceeds 300 nm, the hardness of the diamond film is lowered. Therefore, the film thickness of the amorphous layer is set to 50 to 300 nm. It is necessary.

上部ダイヤモンド皮膜:
上記の細粒結晶層と非晶質層を交互に形成することにより、交互積層構造からなる上部ダイヤモンド皮膜を形成する。
交互積層構造からなる上部ダイヤモンド皮膜においては、下部ダイヤモンド皮膜の場合と同様、成膜が進行し積層数が増加するにつれ、細粒結晶層の結晶粒が成長・粗大化しやすくなるため、これを防止するため、細粒結晶層の膜厚を、成膜の進行による積層数の増加に対応して薄膜化するように膜厚調整をしながら成膜を行い、交互積層に伴う細粒結晶層の成長・粗大化を防止する。
細粒結晶層の膜厚は、上部ダイヤモンド皮膜最下方側(下部ダイヤモンド皮膜直上)では、750〜1000nmであり、上部ダイヤモンド皮膜下方側から上方側へ向うにしたがって、膜厚が順次に薄膜化されてゆき、上部ダイヤモンド皮膜最上方側のダイヤモンド皮膜表面では、650〜800nmであることが望ましい。
その結果、上部ダイヤモンド皮膜は、結晶粒の成長・粗大化が抑えられ、平滑平面が得られるようになることからすぐれた耐欠損性を備えるようになる。
さらに、上部ダイヤモンド皮膜の表面近傍は、薄層の交互積層として構成されていることから、亀裂の進行・伝播が抑制され、過負荷によるチッピング発生を防止することができる
ただ、上部ダイヤモンド皮膜の膜厚が1.5μm未満では、十分な耐欠損性、耐チッピング性を長期の使用に亘って発揮することができず、一方、上部ダイヤモンド皮膜の膜厚が10μmを超えるような場合には、耐摩耗性が低下傾向を示すようになることから、上部ダイヤモンド皮膜の膜厚は1.5〜10μmとする。
Upper diamond coating:
An upper diamond film having an alternately laminated structure is formed by alternately forming the fine crystal layer and the amorphous layer.
As with the lower diamond film, the upper diamond film composed of an alternating layer structure prevents the crystal grains of the fine-grained crystal layer from growing and coarsening as the number of layers increases and the number of layers increases. Therefore, film formation is performed while adjusting the film thickness so that the film thickness of the fine-grained crystal layer is reduced in response to the increase in the number of stacked layers as the film formation progresses. Prevent growth and growth.
The film thickness of the fine-grained crystal layer is 750 to 1000 nm on the lowermost side of the upper diamond film (immediately above the lower diamond film), and the film thickness is gradually reduced from the lower side to the upper side of the upper diamond film. On the uppermost diamond film surface on the upper diamond film, the thickness is desirably 650 to 800 nm.
As a result, the upper diamond film has excellent fracture resistance because the growth and coarsening of crystal grains are suppressed and a smooth plane can be obtained.
Furthermore, since the vicinity of the surface of the upper diamond film is configured as an alternating lamination of thin layers, the progress and propagation of cracks can be suppressed, and chipping due to overload can be prevented. When the thickness is less than 1.5 μm, sufficient chipping resistance and chipping resistance cannot be exhibited over a long period of use. On the other hand, when the film thickness of the upper diamond film exceeds 10 μm, Since the wear property tends to decrease, the film thickness of the upper diamond film is 1.5 to 10 μm.

この発明のダイヤモンド被覆工具は、粗粒結晶層と非晶質層の交互積層からなる下部ダイヤモンド皮膜と、細粒結晶層と非晶質層の交互積層からなる上部ダイヤモンド皮膜が被覆され、下部ダイヤモンド皮膜上方側の粗粒結晶層の膜厚は、下部ダイヤモンド皮膜下方側の粗粒結晶層の膜厚より薄膜として形成され、また、上部ダイヤモンド皮膜表面側の細粒結晶層の膜厚は、上部ダイヤモンド皮膜下方側の細粒結晶層の膜厚より薄膜として形成されていることによって、下部ダイヤモンド皮膜は結晶粒の粗大化を招くことなく優れた耐摩耗性を保持し、また、上部ダイヤモンド皮膜はその表面平滑性よって優れた耐欠損性、耐チッピング性を示すため、このようなダイヤモンド皮膜を被覆したダイヤモンド被覆工具は、比強度、非剛性の高いCFRPあるいは溶着性の高いAl合金等の高送り、高切込みの切削加工において、長期の使用に亘って、すぐれた切削性能を発揮するものである。   The diamond-coated tool according to the present invention is coated with a lower diamond film composed of alternating layers of coarse-grained crystal layers and amorphous layers, and an upper diamond film composed of alternating layers of fine-grained crystal layers and amorphous layers. The film thickness of the coarse crystal layer on the upper side of the film is formed as a thin film from the film thickness of the coarse crystal layer on the lower side of the lower diamond film, and the film thickness of the fine crystal layer on the surface side of the upper diamond film is The lower diamond film retains excellent wear resistance without causing coarsening of the crystal grains by being formed as a thin film from the film thickness of the fine crystal layer below the diamond film. The diamond-coated tool coated with such a diamond film has high specific strength and high rigidity because it exhibits excellent chipping resistance and chipping resistance due to its surface smoothness. High feed such as FRP or high weldability Al alloy, in cutting of high cut, over a long period of use, is intended to exhibit excellent cutting performance.

本発明のダイヤモンド被覆工具の層構造(側断面)を示す概略説明図である。It is a schematic explanatory drawing which shows the layer structure (side cross section) of the diamond-coated tool of this invention.

つぎに、この発明のダイヤモンド被覆工具を実施例により具体的に説明する。
ここでは、ダイヤモンド被覆工具を、エンドミル、ドリルに適用した場合について述べるが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではなく、各種の切削工具に適用することが可能である。
Next, the diamond-coated tool of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples.
Here, although the case where a diamond covering tool is applied to an end mill and a drill is described, the present invention is not limited to this, and can be applied to various cutting tools.

原料粉末として、平均粒径:5.5μmを有する中粗粒WC粉末、同0.8μmの微粒WC粉末、同1.3μmのTaC粉末、同1.2μmのNbC粉末、同1.2μmのZrC粉末、同2.3μmのCr粉末、同1.5μmのVC粉末、および同1.8μmのCo粉末を用意し、これら原料粉末をそれぞれ表1に示される配合組成に配合し、さらにワックスを加えてアセトン中で24時間ボールミル混合し、減圧乾燥した後、100MPaの圧力で所定形状の各種の圧粉体にプレス成形し、これらの圧粉体を、6Paの真空雰囲気中、7℃/分の昇温速度で1370〜1470℃の範囲内の所定の温度に昇温し、この温度に1時間保持後、炉冷の条件で焼結して、直径が13mmの工具基体形成用丸棒焼結体を形成し、さらに前記の丸棒焼結体から、研削加工にて、切刃部の直径×長さが10mm×30mmの寸法、並びにねじれ角10度の4枚刃スクエア形状をもったWC基超硬合金製の工具基体(エンドミル)C−1〜C−8をそれぞれ製造した。 As raw material powders, medium coarse WC powder having an average particle diameter of 5.5 μm, fine WC powder of 0.8 μm, TaC powder of 1.3 μm, NbC powder of 1.2 μm, ZrC of 1.2 μm Prepare a powder, 2.3 μm Cr 3 C 2 powder, 1.5 μm VC powder, and 1.8 μm Co powder, and blend these raw material powders with the composition shown in Table 1, respectively. After adding wax and ball milling in acetone for 24 hours and drying under reduced pressure, it was pressed into various green compacts of a predetermined shape at a pressure of 100 MPa, and these green compacts were placed in a 6 Pa vacuum atmosphere at 7 ° C. The temperature is increased to a predetermined temperature within the range of 1370 to 1470 ° C. at a temperature increase rate of 1 min / min, held at this temperature for 1 hour, sintered under furnace cooling conditions, and a tool base forming circle having a diameter of 13 mm. A rod sintered body is formed, and the round bar From a sintered body, a tool base made of a WC-based cemented carbide having a four-blade square shape with a diameter × length of 10 mm × 30 mm and a torsion angle of 10 degrees is obtained by grinding. ) C-1 to C-8 were produced.

ついで、これらの工具基体(エンドミル)C−1〜C−8の表面をアセトン中で超音波洗浄し、乾燥した後、酸溶液によるエッチングおよび/またはアルカリ溶液によるエッチング処理を行なった後、
(a)まず、
成膜圧力: 5×10−2 Pa、
流量: 3000 mln、
CH流量: 40 mln、
フィラメント電流値: 180 A、
成膜温度: 700 ℃
の条件で、平均粒径100nm以上800nm以下の粗粒結晶層を形成し、
(b)ついで、成膜条件を変更し、上記粗粒結晶層の表面に、
成膜圧力: 5×10−2 Pa、
流量: 3000 mln、
CH流量: 100 mln、
フィラメント電流値: 180 A、
成膜温度: 680 ℃
の条件で、非晶質層を形成し、
(c)ついで、上記(a)、(b)の条件で、粗粒結晶層、非晶質層の成膜を、膜厚調整(成膜時間の調整)を行いつつ所定回数繰り返し行うことにより、粗粒結晶層と非晶質層の交互積層構造からなる下部ダイヤモンド皮膜を形成し、
(d)ついで、
成膜圧力 : 5×10−2 Pa、
流量 : 3000 mln、
CH流量 : 100 mln、
流量 : 30 mln、
フィラメント電流値 : 180 A、
成膜温度 : 650 ℃、
の条件で、平均粒径40nm以上100nm未満の細粒結晶層を形成し、
(e)ついで、上記(b)と同様の成膜条件で非晶質層を形成し、
(f)上記(d)、(e)の条件で、細粒結晶層、非晶質層の成膜を、膜厚調整(成膜時間の調整)を行いつつ所定回数繰り返し行うことにより、細粒結晶層と非晶質層の交互積層構造からなる上部ダイヤモンド皮膜を形成することにより、
表2にそれぞれ示される下部ダイヤモンド皮膜、上部ダイヤモンド皮膜からなるダイヤモンド皮膜を被覆した、本発明のダイヤモンド被覆エンドミル(以下、本発明エンドミルという)1〜8をそれぞれ製造した。
Next, the surfaces of these tool bases (end mills) C-1 to C-8 were ultrasonically cleaned in acetone and dried, and after etching with an acid solution and / or etching with an alkali solution,
(A) First,
Deposition pressure: 5 × 10 −2 Pa,
H 2 flow rate: 3000 mln,
CH 4 flow rate: 40 mln,
Filament current value: 180 A,
Deposition temperature: 700 ° C
Under the conditions, a coarse crystal layer having an average particle size of 100 nm to 800 nm is formed,
(B) Next, the film forming conditions are changed, and the surface of the coarse crystal layer is changed to
Deposition pressure: 5 × 10 −2 Pa,
H 2 flow rate: 3000 mln,
CH 4 flow rate: 100 mln,
Filament current value: 180 A,
Deposition temperature: 680 ° C
An amorphous layer is formed under the conditions
(C) Next, under the conditions (a) and (b) above, the coarse crystal layer and the amorphous layer are repeatedly formed a predetermined number of times while adjusting the film thickness (adjusting the film formation time). , Forming a lower diamond film consisting of an alternating layer structure of coarse crystal layers and amorphous layers,
(D) Next,
Deposition pressure: 5 × 10 −2 Pa,
H 2 flow rate: 3000 mln,
CH 4 flow rate: 100 mln,
O 2 flow rate: 30 mln,
Filament current value: 180 A,
Deposition temperature: 650 ° C.
Under these conditions, a fine crystal layer having an average particle size of 40 nm or more and less than 100 nm is formed,
(E) Next, an amorphous layer is formed under the same film formation conditions as in (b) above,
(F) Under the above conditions (d) and (e), the fine crystal layer and the amorphous layer are repeatedly formed a predetermined number of times while adjusting the film thickness (adjusting the film formation time). By forming an upper diamond film consisting of an alternating layered structure of grain crystal layers and amorphous layers,
Diamond coated end mills (hereinafter referred to as the present invention end mills) 1 to 8 of the present invention coated with a diamond film comprising a lower diamond film and an upper diamond film respectively shown in Table 2 were produced.

比較の目的で、上記の工具基体(エンドミル)C−1〜C−4の表面に、前記特許文献1に記載される従来方法によりダイヤモンド皮膜を形成した比較ダイヤモンド被覆エンドミル(以下、比較エンドミルという)1〜4を製造した。
従来方法によるダイヤモンドの成膜条件は、次のとおりである。
即ち、反応ガスとしてのメタン(CH4 )、水素(H2 )、一酸化炭素(CO)を供給できるようにしたマイクロ波プラズマCVD装置において、
まず、
反応圧力:2.7ラ102 〜2.7ラ103 Pa、
反応ガス:10%〜30%CH4、残部H2
成膜温度:700℃〜900℃
の条件で、核付着処理を行い、
ついで、
反応圧力:1.3ラ103 〜6.7ラ103 Pa、
反応ガス:1%〜4%CH4、残部H2
成膜温度:800℃〜900℃
の条件で、結晶粒径1μm以下のダイヤモンド結晶を形成する結晶成長処理を行い、
ついで、上記核付着処理と上記結晶成長処理を繰り返し、
上記工具基体(エンドミル)の表面に、表3に示される目標膜厚のダイヤモンド皮膜を蒸着形成することにより、比較エンドミル1〜4をそれぞれ製造した。
For the purpose of comparison, a comparative diamond-coated end mill (hereinafter referred to as a comparative end mill) in which a diamond film is formed on the surface of the tool base (end mill) C-1 to C-4 by the conventional method described in Patent Document 1. 1-4 were produced.
The diamond film formation conditions according to the conventional method are as follows.
That is, in a microwave plasma CVD apparatus capable of supplying methane (CH 4 ), hydrogen (H 2 ), and carbon monoxide (CO) as reaction gases,
First,
Reaction pressure: 2.7 ra 10 2 to 2.7 ra 10 3 Pa,
Reaction gas: 10% ~30% CH 4, the remainder H 2,
Deposition temperature: 700 ° C to 900 ° C
Under the conditions of
Next,
Reaction pressure: 1.3 ra 10 3 to 6.7 ra 10 3 Pa,
Reaction gas: 1% ~4% CH 4, the remainder H 2,
Deposition temperature: 800 ° C to 900 ° C
Under the conditions, a crystal growth treatment for forming a diamond crystal having a crystal grain size of 1 μm or less is performed,
Next, the above nuclear adhesion treatment and the above crystal growth treatment are repeated,
Comparative end mills 1 to 4 were produced by vapor-depositing a diamond film having a target film thickness shown in Table 3 on the surface of the tool base (end mill).

つぎに、上記本発明エンドミル1〜8および上記比較エンドミル1〜4のダイヤモンド皮膜について、各層の膜厚を走査型電子顕微鏡により測定し、また、各層の膜厚中心部分における結晶粒径を透過型電子顕微鏡にて測定した。
表2、表3に、測定値の平均値を膜厚および平均粒径として示す。
Next, for the diamond films of the present invention end mills 1 to 8 and the comparative end mills 1 to 4, the thickness of each layer is measured with a scanning electron microscope, and the crystal grain size at the center of the thickness of each layer is transmitted. Measured with an electron microscope.
Tables 2 and 3 show the average values of the measured values as film thickness and average particle diameter.

つぎに、上記本発明エンドミル1〜8および上記比較エンドミル1〜4のそれぞれについて、
[切削条件1] 被削材−平面寸法:100mm×250mm、厚さ:5mmの、炭素繊維と熱硬化型エポキシ系樹脂が積層構造を持つ炭素繊維強化樹脂複合材(CFRP)の板材、
切削速度: 500 m/min.、
切断加工:(5 mm)、
テーブル送り: 650 mm/min.、
エアブロー、
の条件での上記CFRPの乾式高速切断加工試験、
[切削条件2] 被削材−平面寸法:100mm×250mm、厚さ:50mmの、JIS・ADC14の板材、
切削速度: 600 m/min.、
溝深さ(切り込み):径方向(ae)2.5mm,軸方向(ap)8mm、
テーブル送り: 1000 mm/min.、
エアーブロー、
の条件での上記Al合金の乾式高速側面切削加工試験、
をそれぞれ行い、いずれの切削加工試験でも切刃部の欠損に伴う被削材のムシレが発生するまでの切削溝長(m)を求めた。
これらの測定結果を表4にそれぞれ示した。
Next, for each of the present invention end mills 1-8 and the comparative end mills 1-4,
[Cutting condition 1] Work material-planar dimensions: 100 mm x 250 mm, thickness: 5 mm, carbon fiber reinforced resin composite material (CFRP) plate material having a laminated structure of carbon fiber and thermosetting epoxy resin,
Cutting speed: 500 m / min. ,
Cutting process: (5 mm),
Table feed: 650 mm / min. ,
Air blow,
CFRP dry high-speed cutting test under the conditions of
[Cutting conditions 2] Work material-planar dimension: 100 mm x 250 mm, thickness: 50 mm, JIS / ADC14 plate,
Cutting speed: 600 m / min. ,
Groove depth (cut): radial direction (ae) 2.5 mm, axial direction (ap) 8 mm,
Table feed: 1000 mm / min. ,
Air blow,
Dry high-speed side cutting test of the above Al alloy under the conditions of
In each cutting test, the cutting groove length (m) until the squeezing of the work material due to the chipping of the cutting edge portion was determined.
These measurement results are shown in Table 4, respectively.

Figure 2011098424
Figure 2011098424

Figure 2011098424
Figure 2011098424

Figure 2011098424
Figure 2011098424

Figure 2011098424
Figure 2011098424

上記の実施例1で製造した直径が13mmの丸棒焼結体を用い、この丸棒焼結体から、研削加工にて、溝形成部の直径×長さが10mm×22mmの寸法、並びにねじれ角30度の2枚刃形状をもったWC基超硬合金製の工具基体(ドリル)D−1〜D−8をそれぞれ製造した。   Using the round bar sintered body with a diameter of 13 mm manufactured in Example 1 above, from this round bar sintered body, the diameter x length of the groove forming portion x 10 mm x 22 mm and twisting were performed by grinding. WC base cemented carbide tool bases (drills) D-1 to D-8 having a two-blade shape with a 30 degree angle were manufactured.

ついで、これらの工具基体(ドリル)D−1〜D−8の切刃に、ホーニングを施し、上記実施例1と同様のコーティング前処理を施した後、上記実施例1の(a)〜(f)と同一の条件で、工具基体(ドリル)D−1〜D−8の表面に、表5にそれぞれ示される下部ダイヤモンド皮膜、上部ダイヤモンド皮膜からなるダイヤモンド皮膜を被覆することにより、本発明のダイヤモンド被覆ドリル(以下、本発明ドリルという)11〜18をそれぞれ製造した。   Next, honing is performed on the cutting edges of these tool bases (drills) D-1 to D-8, and the same coating pretreatment as that in Example 1 is performed. Under the same conditions as in f), the surface of the tool base (drill) D-1 to D-8 is coated with a diamond film composed of a lower diamond film and an upper diamond film shown in Table 5, respectively. Diamond-coated drills (hereinafter referred to as the present invention drills) 11 to 18 were produced.

比較の目的で、上記の工具基体(ドリル)D−1〜D−4の表面に、ホーニングを施し、上記実施例1の比較エンドミルの成膜条件と同一の条件で、上記工具基体(ドリル)の表面に、表6に示される目標膜厚のダイヤモンド皮膜を蒸着形成することにより、比較ダイヤモンド被覆ドリル(以下、比較ドリルという)11〜14をそれぞれ製造した。   For the purpose of comparison, honing is performed on the surfaces of the tool bases (drills) D-1 to D-4, and the tool bases (drills) are formed under the same conditions as the film forming conditions of the comparative end mill of Example 1. Comparative diamond-coated drills (hereinafter referred to as comparative drills) 11 to 14 were manufactured by vapor-depositing and forming a diamond film having a target film thickness shown in Table 6 on the surface.

表5、表6には、本発明ドリル11〜18および上記比較ドリル11〜14のダイヤモンド皮膜の各層について測定した膜厚および各層の層厚中心部分における結晶粒径の平均値を示す。   Tables 5 and 6 show the film thickness measured for each layer of the diamond coatings of the present invention drills 11 to 18 and the comparative drills 11 to 14 and the average value of the crystal grain size at the center of the layer thickness of each layer.

つぎに、上記本発明ドリル11〜18および比較ドリル11〜14のそれぞれについて、
[切削条件3]
被削材−平面寸法:100mm×250mm、厚さ:20mmの、炭素繊維と熱硬化型エポキシ系樹脂が直交積層構造を持つ炭素繊維強化樹脂複合材(CFRP)の板材、
切削速度: 200 m/min.、
送り: 0.1 mm/rev、
貫通穴:(20 mm)、
の条件での上記CFRPの乾式穴あけ切削加工試験、
[切削条件4]
被削材−平面寸法:100mm×250mm、厚さ:25mmの、JIS・AC9Aの板材
切削速度: 300 m/min.、
送り: 0.15 mm/rev、
貫通穴:(25 mm)、
の条件での上記Al合金の湿式穴あけ切削加工試験、
をそれぞれ行い、いずれの切削加工試験でも穴あけ加工数(穴)を求めた。
この測定結果を表7にそれぞれ示した。
Next, for each of the present invention drills 11-18 and comparative drills 11-14,
[Cutting condition 3]
Work material-planar dimension: 100 mm × 250 mm, thickness: 20 mm, carbon fiber reinforced resin composite material (CFRP) plate material having an orthogonal laminated structure of carbon fiber and thermosetting epoxy resin,
Cutting speed: 200 m / min. ,
Feed: 0.1 mm / rev,
Through hole: (20 mm),
CFRP dry drilling machining test under the conditions of
[Cutting condition 4]
Work material-Plane dimensions: 100 mm x 250 mm, thickness: 25 mm, JIS / AC9A plate
Cutting speed: 300 m / min. ,
Feed: 0.15 mm / rev,
Through hole: (25 mm),
Wet drilling cutting test of the above Al alloy under the conditions of
The number of drilling operations (holes) was determined in each cutting test.
The measurement results are shown in Table 7, respectively.

Figure 2011098424
Figure 2011098424

Figure 2011098424
Figure 2011098424

Figure 2011098424
Figure 2011098424

表2〜7に示される結果から、本発明ダイヤモンド被覆工具(本発明エンドミル1〜8、本発明ドリル11〜18)は、 粗粒結晶層と非晶質層の交互積層からなる下部ダイヤモンド皮膜と、細粒結晶層と非晶質層の交互積層からなる上部ダイヤモンド皮膜が被覆され、下部ダイヤモンド皮膜上方側の粗粒結晶層の膜厚は、下部ダイヤモンド皮膜下方側の粗粒結晶層の膜厚より薄膜として形成され、また、上部ダイヤモンド皮膜表面側の細粒結晶層の膜厚は、上部ダイヤモンド皮膜下方側の細粒結晶層の膜厚より薄膜として形成されていることによって、下部ダイヤモンド皮膜は結晶粒の粗大化を招くことなく優れた耐摩耗性を保持し、また、上部ダイヤモンド皮膜はその表面平滑性よって優れた耐欠損性、耐チッピング性を示すため、このようなダイヤモンド皮膜を被覆したダイヤモンド被覆工具は、比強度、非剛性の高いCFRPあるいは溶着性の高いAl合金等の高送り、高切込みの切削加工において、シャープな切刃を維持したまま、バリ等の発生を抑え、長期の使用に亘ってすぐれた耐欠損性、耐摩耗性を発揮するものであるのに対して、核付着処理と粒径1μm以下のダイヤモンド結晶を形成する結晶成長処理の繰り返しにより形成されたダイヤモンド皮膜を備えた比較エンドミル1〜4、比較ドリル11〜14においては、耐欠損性、耐摩耗性、表面平坦性が劣るため、工具寿命が短命であると同時に仕上げ面精度の劣るものであった。   From the results shown in Tables 2 to 7, the diamond coated tool of the present invention (the present end mills 1 to 8 and the present drills 11 to 18) has a lower diamond film composed of an alternating laminate of coarse crystal layers and amorphous layers. The upper diamond film consisting of alternating layers of fine crystal layers and amorphous layers is coated, and the film thickness of the coarse crystal layer above the lower diamond film is the film thickness of the coarse crystal layer below the lower diamond film. The film thickness of the fine crystal layer on the upper diamond film surface side is smaller than the film thickness of the fine crystal layer on the lower side of the upper diamond film. This retains excellent wear resistance without causing coarsening of crystal grains, and the upper diamond film exhibits excellent chipping resistance and chipping resistance due to its surface smoothness. The diamond-coated tool coated with such a diamond coating can be used for high-feed and high-cutting cutting such as high strength, non-rigid CFRP or highly weldable Al alloy while maintaining a sharp cutting edge. While suppressing the occurrence and exhibiting excellent chipping resistance and wear resistance over a long period of use, it is possible to repeat the nuclear deposition process and the crystal growth process to form a diamond crystal with a grain size of 1 μm or less. In the comparative end mills 1 to 4 and the comparative drills 11 to 14 provided with the formed diamond film, since the chipping resistance, wear resistance, and surface flatness are inferior, the tool life is short and the finished surface accuracy is inferior. It was a thing.

上述のように、この発明のダイヤモンド被覆工具は、通常条件での切削加工は勿論のこと、金属材料よりも比強度、比剛性の高いCFRPあるいは溶着性の高いAl合金等の切削加工においても、長期の使用に亘ってすぐれた耐欠損性、耐摩耗性を発揮し、ダイヤモンド皮膜の厚膜化も可能となるものであるから、切削加工装置のFA化、並びに切削加工の省力化および省エネ化、さらに低コスト化に十分満足に対応できるものである。   As described above, the diamond-coated tool of the present invention can be cut not only under normal conditions but also in cutting of a specific strength, high specific rigidity CFRP or welded Al alloy, etc. Since it has excellent chipping resistance and wear resistance over a long period of use, and it is possible to increase the thickness of the diamond film, it is possible to use FA for the cutting device, labor saving and energy saving of the cutting process. In addition, it is possible to sufficiently satisfy the cost reduction.

Claims (1)

炭化タングステン基超硬合金または炭窒化チタン基サーメットで構成された工具基体表面に、膜厚1.5〜30μmの下部ダイヤモンド皮膜と、膜厚1.5〜10μmの上部ダイヤモンド皮膜が被覆されたダイヤモンド被覆工具であって、
(a)上記の下部ダイヤモンド皮膜は、500〜3000nmの一層平均膜厚を有し100nm以上800nm以下の平均粒径の粗粒結晶で構成された粗粒結晶層と、50〜300nmの一層平均膜厚を有する含非晶質炭素で構成された非晶質層との交互積層構造からなり、
(b)上記の上部ダイヤモンド皮膜は、650〜1000nmの一層平均膜厚を有し40nm以上100nm未満の平均粒径の細粒結晶で構成された細粒結晶層と、50〜300nmの一層平均膜厚を有する含非晶質炭素で構成された非晶質層との交互積層構造からなり、
(c)さらに、上記の下部ダイヤモンド皮膜において、下部ダイヤモンド皮膜上方側(上部ダイヤモンド皮膜側)の粗粒結晶層の膜厚は、下部ダイヤモンド皮膜下方側(工具基体側)の粗粒結晶層の膜厚より薄膜として形成され、また、上記の上部ダイヤモンド皮膜において、上部ダイヤモンド皮膜表面側の細粒結晶層の膜厚は、上部ダイヤモンド皮膜下方側(下部ダイヤモンド皮膜側)の細粒結晶層の膜厚より薄膜として形成されている、
ことを特徴とするダイヤモンド被覆工具。
Diamond in which the surface of a tool base made of tungsten carbide-based cemented carbide or titanium carbonitride-based cermet is coated with a lower diamond film having a thickness of 1.5 to 30 μm and an upper diamond film having a thickness of 1.5 to 10 μm A coated tool,
(A) The lower diamond film is composed of a coarse crystal layer composed of coarse crystals having an average film thickness of 500 to 3000 nm and an average particle diameter of 100 nm to 800 nm, and a single layer average film of 50 to 300 nm. Consisting of an alternating layered structure with amorphous layers composed of amorphous carbon with a thickness,
(B) The above upper diamond film has a single layer average film thickness of 650 to 1000 nm and a fine crystal layer composed of fine crystals having an average particle diameter of 40 nm or more and less than 100 nm, and a single layer average film of 50 to 300 nm. Consisting of an alternating layered structure with amorphous layers composed of amorphous carbon with a thickness,
(C) Furthermore, in the lower diamond film, the film thickness of the coarse crystal layer on the upper side of the lower diamond film (upper diamond film side) is the film of the coarse crystal layer on the lower side of the lower diamond film (tool base side). In the above upper diamond film, the film thickness of the fine crystal layer on the surface side of the upper diamond film is the film thickness of the fine crystal layer below the upper diamond film (lower diamond film side). Formed as a thin film,
A diamond-coated tool characterized by that.
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