JP2011075208A - Bleed air recovery device, method for operating the bleed air recovery device, and turbo refrigerator including the bleed air recovery device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a bleed air recovery device which reduces a refrigerant amount leaked from the bleed air recovery device of a turbo refrigerator to the atmosphere maximally and recovers the refrigerant, and to provide a method of operating the bleed air recovery device. <P>SOLUTION: The bleed air recovery device of the turbo refrigerator including an evaporator, a condenser, a compressor and a prime mover driving the compressor includes: a purge condenser 1 having a heat exchanger 2 provided therein; an adsorption tank 63 having a refrigerant adsorbent 60 and a heater 58 for heating the refrigerant adsorbent 60; and a differential pressure detector 4. The purge condenser 1 and the adsorption tank 63 are interconnected by connection piping (A) including an on-off valve transferring noncondensing gas to the adsorption tank 63 and an orifice and connection piping (C) including a purge pump transferring refrigerant gas from the adsorption tank 63 and an on-off valve. The adsorption tank 63 is connected to an outer discharge port by connection piping (B) with the on-off valve, or includes a connection piping with an on-off valve transferring refrigerant gas toward a low pressure part of the turbo refrigerator. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a turbo chiller bleed air recovery apparatus for extracting non-condensable gas such as air leaking into a turbo chiller and discharging it to the outside of the machine and recovering the refrigerant, and an operation method thereof and a turbo chiller including the same. Is.

In a turbo chiller using a so-called low-pressure refrigerant, the pressure of the entire chiller generally decreases to a value equal to or lower than the atmospheric pressure while the refrigerator is stopped, and the evaporator-side pressure decreases during operation of the refrigerator. In the turbo chiller, it is practically difficult to completely prevent leakage of air and the like from the atmosphere into the refrigerator, and the leaked air has various problems on the refrigerator. Leaked air must be discharged outside the machine. For this purpose, this kind of turbo refrigerator is usually provided with a bleed recovery device.
FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a turbo chiller having such a conventional extraction recovery device of this type. As shown in the figure, the extraction recovery device includes a purge condenser 1, a purge pump 6, a differential pressure detector 4, an electromagnetic valve 5, and the like. The purge condenser 1 is divided into two upper and lower chambers, a condenser chamber 1a and a float valve chamber 1b. The condenser chamber 1a acts as a condenser, and is connected to a condenser 11 of a refrigerator with a connecting pipe 7 having an orifice 9. Communicated by

  A cooling coil 2 is disposed in the condenser chamber 1 a of the purge condenser 1. The cooling coil 2 is taken from the condenser 11 of the refrigerator and is supercooled by the refrigerant in the evaporator 12 of the refrigerator. The liquid refrigerant flows to the evaporator 12 through the refrigerant filter 14 by the refrigerant pump 13 and always cools the purge condenser 1. In addition, since the orifice 15 is provided in the inflow part to the cooling coil 2 of the said liquid refrigerant, the temperature in a cooling coil is cooled to the temperature substantially the same as the evaporator 12 inside. For this reason, since the inside of the purge condenser 1 is cooled to a temperature approximately halfway between the evaporator 12 and the condenser 11, the pressure is lower than the pressure of the condenser 11 of the refrigerator, The refrigerant gas containing the non-condensable gas in the condenser 11 flows into the purge condenser 1 through the communication pipe 7 and the orifice 9. Thus, the refrigerant gas is cooled and liquefied, and the refrigerant liquid flows into the lower float valve chamber 1b. The liquid refrigerant intake port for cooling is not limited to the condenser but may be the bottom of the economizer 16. The economizer is a gas-liquid separator. The refrigerant liquid condensed in the condenser in the refrigeration cycle having a multi-stage expansion process is expanded until it reaches the evaporator through an expansion valve, an orifice, etc. It is an intercooler for performing gas-liquid separation in the middle of the process. Therefore, the intake port for the liquid refrigerant for cooling is not provided with an economizer in a refrigerator of a single-stage refrigeration cycle, and therefore a condenser in a refrigerator of a refrigeration cycle having a multi-stage expansion process. 11 or economizer 16.

When a certain amount or more of the refrigerant liquid accumulates in the float valve chamber 1b, the float valve 3 opens and the refrigerant liquid returns to the evaporator 12. At this time, since the non-condensable gas remains in the purge condenser 1 as it is, it gradually accumulates and the pressure in the purge condenser 1 increases.
When the pressure in the purge condenser 1 rises and the pressure difference between the pressure in the condenser 11 of the refrigerator decreases to a predetermined value, the differential pressure for detecting the pressure difference between the purge condenser 1 and the condenser 11 in the refrigerator. Based on the output of the detector 4, the control unit 10 opens the solenoid valve 5 and simultaneously activates the purge pump 6 to discharge the non-condensable gas in the purge condenser 1 into the atmosphere. When the non-condensable gas in the purge condenser 1 is discharged, the pressure in the purge condenser 1 decreases, and the differential pressure with the pressure in the condenser 11 of the refrigerator increases, the output of the differential pressure detector 4 controls the control unit 10. Closes the solenoid valve 5 and stops the purge pump 6 to finish discharging the non-condensable gas.

In the extraction recovery device having the above configuration, the temperature of the refrigerant flowing through the cooling coil 2 for cooling the condenser chamber 1a of the purge condenser 1 is limited by the refrigeration cycle of the refrigerator, that is, the evaporation temperature in the evaporator 12 of the refrigerator. And could not be cooled to a sufficiently low temperature. Therefore, the refrigerant gas is not sufficiently condensed and liquefied, and as a result, a large amount of refrigerant gas remains in the non-condensable gas accumulated in the purge condenser 1, that is, the refrigerant gas has a high partial pressure, so that it is not condensed. When the gas was discharged into the atmosphere, many refrigerant gases were also discharged into the atmosphere at the same time.
Since the discharge of such a refrigerant into the atmosphere is not only an economic problem but also a problem of the global environment, proposals have conventionally been made to suppress the discharge amount of the refrigerant into the atmosphere.

For example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-292033, a refrigerant adsorption filter is installed at a non-condensable gas discharge port of a bleed gas recovery device, and the refrigerant gas is discharged through the refrigerant adsorption filter when discharging the non-condensable gas into the atmosphere. It is disclosed that the refrigerant can be recovered and the refrigerant adsorption filter can be reused by suppressing the discharge amount of the refrigerant into the atmosphere and regenerating the refrigerant adsorption filter. For example, the refrigerant adsorption filter is periodically replaced.
However, the method for recovering the refrigerant from the replaced refrigerant adsorption filter, the method for regenerating the refrigerant filter, and the like are not specifically described, and it has been difficult to implement the invention.

Further, for example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-0383347, the Peltier element is not controlled by the refrigerant cycle of the refrigerator, that is, not related to the evaporation temperature condition in the evaporator of the refrigerator, and to a temperature lower than that temperature. A purge condenser that can be cooled using the cooling coil 2 is provided in addition to the purge condenser 1 that is cooled by the cooling coil 2 to lower the partial pressure of the refrigerant gas contained in the non-condensable gas, thereby bringing the refrigerant gas into the atmosphere. It is disclosed that emissions can be reduced. In addition, it is possible to reduce the amount of refrigerant discharged into the atmosphere by providing an adsorption tank containing a refrigerant adsorbent as part of the bleed air recovery device and allowing the non-condensable gas to pass through the adsorption tank when it is discharged into the atmosphere. Is disclosed. Furthermore, a technique is disclosed in which the refrigerant adsorbent is regenerated, that is, the refrigerant is desorbed from the adsorbent by heating the adsorbent using the Peltier element as a heat pump.
In the invention according to Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-0383347, the desorption of the refrigerant from the adsorbent is actually based on the heating by the Peltier element. However, in order to desorb the refrigerant from the adsorbent to the extent that a practical regeneration effect appears, it is necessary to raise the adsorbent to a certain temperature or higher, but the temperature is raised to a necessary temperature level using a Peltier element. Since it is extremely difficult to warm, it was difficult to put the present invention into practical use.

The above-mentioned “desorption” means the opposite of “adsorption”, and means that the refrigerant adsorbed on the refrigerant adsorbing material is detached from the refrigerant adsorbing material. Used in.
Further, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-014598 discloses a technique in which an oil tank is installed at a non-condensable gas discharge port of a bleed gas recovery device so that the oil absorbs refrigerant gas. However, the amount of refrigerant that dissolves in oil is determined under equilibrium conditions, and there are refrigerants that pass through without being dissolved in oil, so that the effects expected by the present invention are insufficient.
JP 2000-292033 A JP 2006-038347 A JP 2008-014598 A

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and can reduce the amount of refrigerant that leaks into the atmosphere accompanying the non-condensable gas discharged from the extraction device into the atmosphere using a refrigerant adsorbent. In addition, the refrigerant adsorbent is suitably regenerated and can be used repeatedly, and the refrigerant adsorbent can be regenerated, and the refrigerant can be recovered and returned to the refrigerator, the operating method thereof, and the turbo refrigeration provided with the same It is an object to provide a machine.

  In order to solve the above problems, in the present invention, a turbo refrigerator that includes an evaporator, a condenser, a compressor, and a prime mover that drives the evaporator, and that operates using a refrigerant whose pressure in the evaporator is equal to or lower than atmospheric pressure as a working medium. The bleed air recovery device is provided with a purge condenser having a heat exchanger therein, and the purge condenser is connected to a condenser or an economizer of the turbo chiller via a connecting pipe. And a non-condensable gas containing a refrigerant gas is extracted from the condenser and introduced into the purge condenser, and the liquid flowing into the heat exchanger from the condenser or economizer of the turbo refrigerator toward the evaporator Non-condensable gas that has been accumulated in the purge condenser after introducing the refrigerant, cooling the inside of the purge condenser to condense and liquefy the refrigerant gas, and collecting it in the turbo refrigerator. In the extraction recovery device for a turbo chiller configured to be discharged to the outside of the extraction recovery device, the extraction recovery device further includes a differential pressure detector for detecting the pressure between the condenser and the purge condenser, and a refrigerant adsorbent And an adsorption tank having a heater for heating the refrigerant adsorbent, wherein the adsorption tank and the purge condenser are connected piping (A) having an on-off valve and an orifice for transferring the non-condensable gas of the purge condenser to the adsorption tank. And a connection pipe (C) having an on-off valve and a purge pump for transferring refrigerant gas from the adsorption tank toward the purge condenser, and the adsorption tank has an external discharge port and an on-off valve. The extraction recovery device (I) is characterized by being connected by a pipe (B).

  In the operation method of the extraction recovery device (I), when the differential pressure value of the differential pressure detector that detects the differential pressure between the condenser and the purge condenser becomes equal to or less than a certain value, it remains in the purge condenser. The non-condensable gas containing the accumulated refrigerant gas is guided to the adsorption tank via the connection pipe (A) by opening the on-off valve of the connection pipe (A), and the refrigerant adsorbent adsorbs the refrigerant gas. At the same time, if the value of the differential pressure between the condenser and the purge condenser does not recover to a value exceeding the certain value, the on-off valve of the connection pipe (B) is opened by removing the non-condensable gas from the adsorption tank. After discharging to the outside via the connection pipe (B), the refrigerant adsorbent is heated using the heater for heating the adsorbent and desorbed as a gas, and the refrigerant gas is removed from the connection pipe (C). Open the on / off valve and operate the purge pump. To those who decided to transfer from the adsorption tank via the connection pipe (C) to the purge capacitor.

  Further, in the present invention, the bleed air disposed in a turbo refrigerator that includes an evaporator, a condenser, a compressor, and a prime mover that drives the evaporator and that operates using a refrigerant whose pressure in the evaporator is equal to or lower than atmospheric pressure as a working medium. The extraction device has a purge condenser having a heat exchanger inside, and the purge condenser is connected to a condenser or an economizer of the turbo chiller via a communication pipe, and the condensation condenser A non-condensable gas containing a refrigerant gas is extracted from the condenser and introduced into the purge condenser, and a liquid refrigerant flowing from the condenser or economizer of the turbo refrigerator to the evaporator is guided to the heat exchanger, and the purge is performed. The inside of the condenser is cooled to condense and liquefy the refrigerant gas and collect it in the turbo chiller. The remaining non-condensable gas accumulated in the purge condenser In the extraction recovery device for a turbo refrigerator configured to discharge, the extraction recovery device further includes a differential pressure detector for detecting a differential pressure between the condenser and the purge condenser, a refrigerant adsorbent, and the refrigerant adsorbent An adsorption tank having a heater for heating, and the adsorption tank and the purge condenser are connected by a connection pipe (A) having an on-off valve and an orifice for transferring the non-condensable gas of the purge condenser to the adsorption tank, The adsorption tank is connected by an external discharge port and a connection pipe (B) having an on-off valve, and has a connection pipe (D) having an on-off valve for transferring refrigerant gas from the adsorption tank to the low-pressure part of the turbo refrigerator. The bleed air recovery device (II) is characterized by having

  In the operation method of the bleed air recovery device (II), when the differential pressure value of the differential pressure detector for detecting the differential pressure between the condenser and the purge condenser becomes a certain value or less, it remains in the purge condenser. The non-condensable gas containing the accumulated refrigerant gas is guided to the adsorption tank via the connection pipe (A) by opening the on-off valve of the connection pipe (A), and the refrigerant adsorbent adsorbs the refrigerant gas. At the same time, if the value of the differential pressure between the condenser and the purge condenser does not recover to a value exceeding the certain value, the on-off valve of the connection pipe (B) is opened by removing the non-condensable gas from the adsorption tank. After being discharged to the outside via the connection pipe (B), the refrigerant adsorbent is heated using the heater for heating the adsorbent and desorbed as a gas, and the refrigerant gas is removed from the connection pipe (D). Open the on-off valve of the connecting pipe (D In which it was decided to transfer to the low pressure section of the turbo chiller from adsorption tank via.

In the bleed recovery device, the connection pipe (A) may further include a purge pump. In this case, the differential pressure between the condenser and the purge condenser is a constant value by a differential pressure detector. In the case of the following, the non-condensable gas containing the refrigerant gas remaining and accumulated in the purge condenser is opened through the connection pipe (A) by opening the on-off valve of the connection pipe (A) and operating the purge pump. Then, it can be pumped to the adsorption tank. Further, the connection pipe (B) can be further provided with a purge pump. In this case, the value of the differential pressure detector for detecting the differential pressure between the condenser and the purge condenser becomes a certain value or less. In this case, the non-condensable gas containing the refrigerant gas remaining and accumulated in the purge condenser is guided to the adsorption tank via the connection pipe (A) by opening the on-off valve of the connection pipe (A), When the refrigerant gas is adsorbed by the refrigerant adsorbent and the pressure difference between the condenser and the purge condenser does not recover to a value exceeding the predetermined value, the non-condensable gas is removed from the adsorption tank to the connection pipe. The on-off valve of (B) can be opened and the purge pump can be operated and discharged to the outside via the connection pipe (B).
Also, the adsorption tank has a temperature controller that controls the temperature of the refrigerant adsorbent, a duct that can shorten the time for heating and cooling the refrigerant adsorbent, a cooling fan that cools the refrigerant adsorbent, and an enlarged heat transfer surface inside A heat sink having a plurality of fins can be provided, and activated carbon for recovering volatile solvent gas can be used as the refrigerant adsorbent.
Furthermore, in the present invention, a turbo chiller equipped with any one of the above-described extraction / recovery devices is provided.

  If the extraction device for turbo chillers is configured as in the present invention, the ratio of the refrigerant gas contained in the non-condensable gas discharged into the atmosphere can be minimized, and the amount of refrigerant discharged is extremely small. Therefore, it is possible to provide a turbo chiller that is economical and has an improved environmental load because the wear of the refrigerant is minimal. Furthermore, since the refrigerant adsorbing material can be used repeatedly, maintenance work and maintenance cost for the extraction recovery device can be reduced.

In the present invention, the extraction recovery device is configured as described above, and before the non-condensable gas containing the refrigerant gas is discharged to the outside of the extraction recovery device, for example, into the atmosphere, the entire amount of the gas is absorbed by the refrigerant. Since most of the refrigerant is adsorbed by the adsorbent, the amount of refrigerant gas remaining in the non-condensable gas discharged outside from the extraction device is extremely small. As a result, it is possible to provide a turbo chiller that can be operated economically and favorably with respect to the environment.
Further, the non-condensable gas containing the refrigerant gas remaining and accumulated in the purge condenser is transferred to the adsorption tank by opening the on-off valve of the connection pipe (A) for a predetermined time. Since the amount of refrigerant gas present is finite, a finite amount of refrigerant is adsorbed to the refrigerant adsorbent in the adsorption tank. Normally, the pressure of the purge condenser decreases by a value approximately corresponding to the partial pressure of the non-condensable gas transferred to the adsorption tank, so that the pressure difference between the condenser of the refrigerator and the purge condenser again exceeds a certain value. Rise up to.

  However, if the operation of transferring the non-condensable gas containing the refrigerant gas from the purge condenser to the adsorption tank is repeated a plurality of times, the partial pressure of the non-condensable gas in the adsorption tank gradually increases, and the inside of the adsorption tank and the purge condenser are increased. The pressure difference between the condenser and the purge condenser of the refrigerator is constant even if the refrigerant gas is adsorbed by the adsorbent even if the non-condensable gas cannot be transferred from the purge condenser to the adsorption tank. A state appears that stays below the value. When such a case is reached, the on-off valve of the connection pipe (B) is opened from the adsorption tank, and the non-condensable gas accumulated is discharged to the outside. In the conventional extraction device, non-condensable gas is discharged to the outside whenever the pressure difference between the condenser and purge condenser of the refrigerator falls below a certain value. If the above operation is performed, the non-condensable gas may be discharged from the adsorption tank to the outside only once in response to a plurality of operations of discharging the non-condensable gas from the purge condenser. Since the frequency with which the refrigerant gas is discharged to the outside can be greatly reduced, the amount of refrigerant gas discharged together with the non-condensable gas can be suitably suppressed.

  In addition, since the refrigerant extraction tank that is not available in the conventional extraction / recovery device is provided, the ratio of the refrigerant contained in the gas discharged to the outside is extremely small. That is, the frequency of discharge of non-condensable gas to the outside is reduced, and the proportion of the refrigerant that is discharged to the outside accompanying the non-condensable gas is also reduced. Can be reduced. The on-off valve provided in the connection pipe (A) suppresses the refrigerant gas from flowing into the adsorption tank, and is discharged in one discharge operation of the non-condensable gas from the connection pipe (B). The amount of non-condensable gas can be increased, and the amount of refrigerant adsorbed to the adsorbent wastefully can be reduced. That is, if the connection pipe (A) is always in communication, the refrigerant gas containing the non-condensable gas in the purge condenser is transferred to the adsorption tank as it is. Since the refrigerant gas is transferred to the adsorption tank and the non-condensable gas does not accumulate much, the adsorbent tends to adsorb the refrigerant to its limit. Cannot exert the desired effect.

  On the other hand, after the on-off valve of the connection pipe (A) is normally closed, a sufficiently large amount of non-condensable gas is accumulated in the purge condenser using a differential pressure detector between the condenser and the purge condenser. By opening the on-off valve of the connection pipe (A), the proportion of non-condensable gas in the gas transferred to the adsorption tank can be increased, so that the accompanying refrigerant gas can be minimized, and the refrigerant gas is put into the adsorption tank. It is possible to suppress wasteful transfer. As a result, the refrigerant adsorbent only needs to adsorb the minimum necessary refrigerant, the refrigerant gas partial pressure in the adsorption tank can be kept low, and the frequency of discharging noncondensable gas from the adsorption tank to the outside can be suppressed. The amount of refrigerant gas leaked to the outside can be reduced, and the regeneration frequency of the adsorbent described later can be suppressed, so that energy required for regeneration can be reduced.

  Furthermore, while the operation of discharging the non-condensable gas including the refrigerant gas to the outside as described above is repeated a plurality of times, the refrigerant adsorption amount gradually increases in the refrigerant adsorbent in the adsorption tank, and eventually the adsorption capacity Reach the limit. In this case, even if the non-condensed gas containing the refrigerant is transferred from the purge condenser to the adsorption tank by opening the on-off valve of the connection pipe (A), the refrigerant is hardly adsorbed, so the connection pipe (B) from the adsorption tank. When the non-condensable gas accumulated by opening the open / close valve is discharged to the outside, the refrigerant that has not been adsorbed by the refrigerant adsorbent is also accompanied and discharged to the outside. In such a case, it is necessary to replace the refrigerant adsorbent or to recover the refrigerant adsorbing capacity by desorbing the refrigerant from the refrigerant adsorbent. However, when replacing the refrigerant adsorbent, it takes time to replace the refrigerant adsorbent and the processing cost of the refrigerant adsorbent adsorbed with the refrigerant is high, and it is not economical, and it is not preferable from the viewpoint of the environment. For this reason, it is more preferable to recycle and reuse the refrigerant adsorbing material, and it is more preferable to collect the desorbed refrigerant in the refrigerator and reuse it.

  In order to regenerate the adsorption capacity of the refrigerant adsorbent in the adsorption tank, the adsorbent is heated by the heater for heating the adsorbent, and the purge pipe is operated by opening the on-off valve of the connection pipe (C). Is placed in a high temperature and low pressure environment, the refrigerant is suitably desorbed as a gas from the adsorbent. The gas refrigerant generated by desorption is pumped to the purge condenser via the connection pipe (C) by the purge pump. In the purge condenser, the gas refrigerant is cooled and liquefied by a heat exchanger such as a cooling coil, and is collected in a turbo refrigerator. By continuing such desorption operation for an appropriate time, the refrigerant can be desorbed from the adsorbent sufficiently and sufficiently, and the refrigerant adsorbent can recover the refrigerant adsorbing power again. At this time, a small amount of non-condensable gas remaining in the adsorption tank is accompanied by the desorbed refrigerant gas and is pumped to the purge condenser. However, since it is recovered again in the purge condenser, it returns to the refrigerator again. There is no such thing, and it is finally discharged outside.

If the extraction recovery device is configured as described above, the refrigerant adsorbed in the adsorption tank can be reused. Furthermore, since the refrigerant adsorbing material can be used repeatedly, maintenance work and maintenance cost for the extraction recovery device can be reduced.
The refrigerant desorption operation from the refrigerant adsorbent described above may be performed every time the non-condensable gas containing the refrigerant gas is discharged from the connection pipe (B) to the outside, or the non-condensable gas may be discharged from the connection pipe (B). You may make it perform once every operation to discharge outside several times. Which is preferable depends on the design conditions such as the relationship between the mass of the refrigerant gas existing in the purge condenser and the maximum adsorbed refrigerant mass of the refrigerant adsorbent, and cannot be generally stated. However, in order to further reduce the degree of influence on the environment, which is the gist of the present invention, for example, as one index, the CO ₂ emission amount corresponding to the input energy required for the refrigerant desorption operation and the refrigerant that is desorbed and recovered It is preferable to design so that a CO ₂ reduction effect can be obtained by comparing the amount with a CO ₂ equivalent obtained by multiplying the amount by GWP (global warming potential).

In the present invention, when the refrigerant adsorbent is heated by using the adsorbent heating heater and the refrigerant is desorbed as a gas, the refrigerant gas is opened by opening the on-off valve of the connection pipe (D). It can also comprise so that it may transfer from an adsorption tank to the low voltage | pressure part of a turbo refrigerator via (D).
That is, in order to regenerate the adsorption capacity of the refrigerant adsorbent in the adsorption tank, the adsorbent is heated by the adsorbent heating heater and the on-off valve of the connection pipe (D) is opened to , The refrigerant adsorbent can be placed in a high-temperature and low-pressure environment, and the refrigerant is preferably desorbed as a gas from the adsorbent. The gas refrigerant generated by desorption is collected in the turbo refrigerator via the connection pipe (D). By continuing such desorption operation for an appropriate time, the refrigerant can be desorbed from the adsorbent sufficiently and sufficiently, and the refrigerant adsorbent can recover the refrigerant adsorbing power again. At this time, a small amount of non-condensable gas remaining in the adsorption tank is returned to the turbo refrigerator again along with the desorbed refrigerant gas, but is recovered again in the purge condenser as described above, and finally Is actually discharged to the outside.
If the extraction recovery device is configured as described above, the purge pump is operated when the refrigerant adsorbent is heated by using the adsorbent heating heater, the refrigerant is desorbed as a gas, and is collected in a turbo refrigerator. Since it is not necessary, energy consumption can be reduced.

The temperature and pressure of the purge condenser always vary depending on the operating state of the connected turbo chiller. For example, when the evaporator and the condenser are operated at a low temperature, the pressure of the purge condenser and the pressure of the adsorption tank are used. Can be below atmospheric pressure. Therefore, as described above, a purge pump is provided in the connection pipe (A) of the extraction / collection device, and when the pressure difference between the condenser and the purge condenser becomes a certain value or less, it remains in the purge condenser and accumulates. If the non-condensable gas containing the refrigerant gas is configured to be sent to the adsorption tank via the connection pipe (A) by opening the on-off valve of the connection pipe (A) and operating the purge pump. As described above, even when the pressure of the purge condenser is lower than the atmospheric pressure, the non-condensable gas containing the refrigerant gas accumulated in the purge condenser can be transferred to the adsorption tank by using the purge pump, The non-condensable gas can be discharged into the atmosphere regardless of the operating state of the machine.
The purge pump provided in the connection pipe (A) and the purge pump provided in the connection pipe (C) may be the same. That is, the connection pipe (A) and the connection pipe (C) may share a part thereof.

  The temperature and pressure of the purge condenser always vary depending on the operating state of the connected turbo chiller. For example, when the evaporator and the condenser are operated at a low temperature, the pressure of the purge condenser and the pressure of the adsorption tank are used. Can be below atmospheric pressure. Therefore, as described above, a purge pump is provided in the connection pipe (B) of the extraction / recovery device, and when the pressure difference between the condenser and the purge condenser becomes a certain value or less, it remains in the purge condenser and accumulates. The non-condensed gas containing the refrigerant gas is guided to the adsorption tank via the connection pipe (A) by opening the on-off valve of the connection pipe (A), and the refrigerant adsorbent adsorbs the refrigerant gas. At that time, in the case where the value of the differential pressure between the condenser and the purge condenser does not recover to a value exceeding the certain value, the non-condensable gas is removed from the adsorption tank through the on-off valve of the connection pipe (B). If the purge pump is operated when it is opened and discharged to the outside via the connection pipe (B), even if the pressure of the adsorption tank is below atmospheric pressure as described above, the adsorption tank Accumulated within The uncondensed gas containing refrigerant gas, can be discharged to the outside by using a purge pump, it can be discharged uncondensed gases into the atmosphere irrespective of the operation state of the refrigerator.

Further, since the non-condensable gas remaining in the adsorption tank can be discharged out of the apparatus using a purge pump, if such an operation is performed prior to the refrigerant desorption operation from the refrigerant adsorbent, the refrigerant When recovering the refrigerant gas generated by heating and desorbing the adsorbent, the desorbed refrigerant gas is temporarily supplied to the purge condenser in order to prevent recirculation of the non-condensable gas remaining in the adsorption tank. It does not affect the case of collecting directly in the turbo refrigerator without transporting.
The purge pump provided in the connection pipe (B) and the purge pump provided in the connection pipe (C) may be the same. That is, the connection pipe (B) and the connection pipe (C) may share a part thereof. Incidentally, in an “embodiment” to be described later, an aspect in which some of them are shared is described.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the refrigerant adsorbent has a limited capacity to adsorb the refrigerant depending on the type and temperature of the refrigerant adsorbent and the refrigerant. Therefore, in order to reuse the adsorbent, it is necessary to desorb the refrigerant. . When the refrigerant is desorbed from the refrigerant adsorbent, the adsorbent is heated to raise the temperature to a temperature considerably higher than the temperature at the time of adsorption, whereby effective and sufficient desorption can be performed. That is, the difference between the adsorption limit amount at the adsorption temperature and the adsorption limit amount at the desorption temperature can be regarded as a practically effective adsorption capacity. By the way, if the temperature at which the adsorbent reaches as a result of heating is too low, the refrigerant cannot be sufficiently desorbed. On the other hand, when the ultimate temperature is excessively high, problems such as deterioration of the adsorbent and refrigerant and excessive energy required for heating occur. Therefore, by providing a temperature controller such as a thermostat as described above, effective and sufficient desorption can be achieved by controlling the temperature reached in the desired temperature range when the refrigerant adsorbent is heated. This can be realized and the same refrigerant adsorbent can be used repeatedly.

  In addition, since heat is generated during the adsorption of the refrigerant, the temperature of the refrigerant adsorbent temporarily rises, but it is practically negligible in the extraction frequency of a normal turbo refrigerator. If it is necessary to adsorb a large amount of refrigerant gas at a time, for example, as shown in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-038347, a cooling means such as a Peltier element is used for the adsorption tank and the refrigerant adsorbent during adsorption. Although it is possible to suppress the temperature rise of the refrigerant adsorbent by cooling it, it is not preferable to cool the adsorption tank at all times or every time the adsorption operation is performed. It is preferable to design the capacities of the adsorption tank and the refrigerant adsorbing material within a range that does not hinder the above.

  When removing and recovering the refrigerant adsorbed on the refrigerant adsorbent, the surface temperature of the adsorption tank becomes high, and there is a risk of burns if touched by humans. There is a need to. However, if a heat insulating material is installed around the adsorption tank, the amount of input energy required to reach the temperature at the time of desorption increases by the amount of heat capacity of the heat insulating material. On the other hand, the refrigerant adsorbent that has been heated and desorbed of refrigerant recovers the refrigerant adsorbing power again by returning to normal temperature. By the way, in the normal mode, the refrigerant adsorbent is housed in a container such as an adsorption tank, and the ambient temperature of the extraction device of the turbo chiller is room temperature. The temperature of the material will be lowered. However, for example, natural heat dissipation requires a long time for cooling. In addition, when a heat insulating material is installed, cooling becomes more difficult.

  Therefore, by providing a duct around the adsorption tank as in the present invention, when the adsorption tank is heated, the risk that a person etc. directly touches the adsorption tank and gets burned is reduced. Since the radiant heat from the surface is received once by the duct, it is possible to minimize the influence of heat on other equipment and people installed in the vicinity, and the heat radiation to the outside decreases, so heating Input energy and / or time required for heating can be reduced. Moreover, at the time of cooling, the refrigerant | coolant adsorption material can be cooled by producing the air flow by a natural convection in a duct, and air-cooling. In order to further improve the cooling efficiency, for example, a heat radiation fin may be provided around the adsorption tank.

  The refrigerant adsorbent that has been heated and desorbed of refrigerant recovers the refrigerant adsorbing power again by returning to normal temperature. By the way, in the normal mode, the refrigerant adsorbent is housed in a container such as an adsorption tank, and the ambient temperature of the extraction device of the turbo chiller is room temperature. The temperature of the material will be lowered. However, for example, natural heat dissipation requires a long time for cooling. Therefore, the refrigerant adsorbent can be cooled within a practical time by further providing a cooling fan as in the present invention and by generating an air flow and forced air cooling. In order to further improve the cooling efficiency, for example, a heat dissipating fin is provided around the adsorption tank, or the adsorption tank is surrounded by a duct or the like so that natural convection and / or forced air flow is effectively used. You may make it flow in the vicinity.

The refrigerant adsorbent generally has a low thermal conductivity, and it is difficult to raise the temperature quickly and uniformly during heating regeneration. Therefore, by providing a heat sink having fins as an enlarged heat transfer surface inside the adsorption tank, it is possible to widen the heat transfer area per unit volume of the refrigerant adsorbent and reduce the heat transfer distance. Become. The heat sink is preferably made of aluminum or aluminum casting, which facilitates improvement of fin efficiency, weight reduction, and effective fin shape and arrangement.
Further, when the heat sink is made of an aluminum casting, it can be manufactured integrally with the adsorption tank, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

The adsorption action is a phenomenon in which molecules of the gas to be adsorbed are retained in minute holes on the surface of the adsorbent by the intermolecular force between the gas to be adsorbed and the adsorbent. For this reason, the compatibility between the polarities of the molecules of the gas to be adsorbed and the molecules of the adsorbent, and the compatibility between the size of the molecules of the gas to be adsorbed and the size of the fine holes on the surface of the adsorbent, Affects ability. In addition, in order to recover the gas to be adsorbed while operating in a closed cycle and reuse it with the adsorbent as in the case of a turbo refrigerator, in the temperature range where the adsorbent is reached at the time of desorption of the refrigerant, the intermolecular Not only must it be able to cut off the force and cause desorption, but the adsorbed gas and the adsorbent must not cause a chemical reaction or change in quality.
For this reason, when selecting the refrigerant adsorbent, it is necessary to sufficiently verify the compatibility with the refrigerant gas. In the present invention, it was confirmed that the refrigerant adsorbent can achieve a desired effect by using activated carbon for recovering volatile solvent gas after sufficiently verifying compatibility with the refrigerant gas.
If a turbo chiller equipped with the bleed air recovery device of the present invention is used, it is possible to realize a cooling device, a refrigeration device, or the like with little refrigerant wear and improved environmental load.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings illustrating an embodiment. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a turbo chiller having a bleed air recovery device according to the present invention. FIG. 2 shows details of the bleed air recovery device. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the bleed air recovery device according to the present invention. Symbols a, b, c, d, and ho described in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 indicate that portions having the same symbol are connected to each other. In each of the drawings for explaining the present invention, a valve symbol that is filled in indicates a closed state of the valve, and a valve symbol that remains white indicates an open state.
The mutual communication part between the turbo refrigerator and the bleed air recovery device will be described. Since these portions are equivalent to the conventional example of FIG. 12, they will be described briefly.

  In FIG. 2, the purge condenser 1 of the extraction recovery device 50 is cooled by using a part of the refrigerant constituting the refrigerant cycle of the turbo chiller. That is, a part of the liquid refrigerant is taken out from the condenser 11 of the turbo chiller or an economizer (not shown) using a pipe, and the pipe is routed inside the evaporator 12 to supercool the liquid refrigerant, and then the refrigerant pump 13 Via the refrigerant filter 14, the pressure is fed toward the cooling coil 2, which is a heat exchanger installed in the purge condenser 1 (this is a path B). An orifice 15 is arranged at the inlet of the purge condenser 1 of the cooling coil 2 that is a heat exchanger, and since the downstream side of the cooling coil 2 is connected to the evaporator of the refrigerator, the inside of the purge condenser 1 is It is cooled by the latent heat of vaporization of the liquid refrigerant to a low temperature that is almost equal to the evaporator of the refrigerator. After cooling the purge condenser, the refrigerant returns to the evaporator 12 (this is the second path). Since the purge condenser cooling refrigerant always flows during the operation of the refrigerator, the pressure of the purge condenser 1 is thereby kept lower than the pressure of the condenser 11.

Due to the pressure difference between the condenser 11 and the purge condenser 1, refrigerant gas containing non-condensable gas flows from the condenser 11 through the connecting pipe 7 into the purge condenser 1 via the orifice 9 (in the path a). is there). In the condenser chamber 1a, the refrigerant gas condenses and then flows into the float valve chamber 1b. When a certain amount or more of liquid refrigerant accumulates in the float valve chamber 1b, the float valve 3 is opened, and the refrigerant returns to the refrigerator (evaporator 12) (the route of E). On the other hand, the non-condensable gas stays in the purge condenser chamber 1 and gradually accumulates.
A pressure guiding pipe for detecting the pressure difference between the pressure of the condenser 11 and the pressure of the purge condenser 1 is taken out of the condenser 11 and connected to the differential pressure detector 4 (C path). .
The contents described above are equivalent to the conventional example.

Next, regarding the present invention, the configuration, operation, and effect will be sequentially described for each operation state of the extraction device.
The automatic operation of the bleed air recovery apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 3, the flow path of the portion related to the operation is indicated by a thick solid line, and the same applies to the other drawings. Normally, it is preferable to keep this automatic operation during the operation of the turbo refrigerator. As described above, during the operation of the centrifugal chiller, the refrigerant gas including the non-condensable gas flows from the condenser 11 through the connecting pipe 7 and the orifice 9 into the purge condenser 1, and the refrigerant gas therein is stored in the condenser chamber 1a. Then, it is cooled and liquefied by the cooling coil 2 and returns to the evaporator 12 via the float valve chamber 1b. On the other hand, non-condensable gas gradually accumulates in the capacitor chamber 1a, and the internal pressure of the purge capacitor gradually increases.

  The discharge operation of non-condensable gas into the atmosphere will be described with reference to FIG. When the non-condensable gas is accumulated in the condenser chamber 1a of the purge condenser 1 and the pressure difference between the condenser 11 and the purge condenser 1 of the refrigerator becomes equal to or less than a predetermined value, the differential pressure detector 4 is activated and the control unit A signal is transmitted to 10. Thereafter, the control unit 10 opens the electromagnetic valve 51. As a result, the non-condensable gas accumulated in the purge condenser 1 is introduced into the adsorption tank 63 via the connection pipe 54, the orifice 57 disposed in the middle thereof, and the electromagnetic valve 51 together with the refrigerant gas. The adsorption tank 63 is filled with a refrigerant adsorbent 60, and most of the refrigerant gas is adsorbed by the adsorbent 60. As the refrigerant adsorbent 60, for example, zeolite or activated carbon can be used, and activated carbon is more preferable, and activated carbon for solvent recovery is more preferable.

  Since the refrigerant gas introduced into the adsorption tank 63 is adsorbed by the refrigerant adsorbent 60, the pressure in the adsorption tank 63 is always lower than the pressure in the purge capacitor 1, and the pressure in the adsorption tank 63 is As the action progresses, it decreases with time and approaches the partial pressure of the non-condensable gas accumulated in the adsorption tank. Therefore, although the completion of the adsorption action can be detected by the pressure change in the adsorption tank 63, it has been found that the adsorption time from the adsorption start to the adsorption completion is usually sufficient, for example, 50 seconds to 70 seconds. Completion of the adsorption action can be substituted by a preset adsorption time. For example, completion of the adsorption time can be detected by a timer or the like. The adsorption time can vary depending on, for example, the relationship between the capacity of the purge condenser and the amount of adsorbent in the adsorption tank.

  The diameter of the orifice 57 is preferably as small as possible within a range in which the movement of gas from the purge condenser 1 to the adsorption tank 63 can be completed within the adsorption time. Thus, when the non-condensable gas including the refrigerant gas moves from the purge condenser 1 to the adsorption tank 63, the internal pressure of the purge condenser 1 decreases, so that the pressure difference with the condenser 11 of the refrigerator exceeds the predetermined value again. Therefore, the differential pressure detector 4 is cut off. As a result, the solenoid valve 51 is closed, and the discharge of the non-condensable gas accumulated in the purge condenser 1 is completed. By the way, when the differential pressure detector 4 is not cut even after the adsorption time has elapsed, that is, when the pressure difference between the condenser 11 and the purge condenser 1 of the refrigerator remains below the predetermined value. This means that a considerable amount of non-condensable gas has accumulated in the adsorption tank 63, so that the purge pump 6 is activated and the electromagnetic valve 52 is opened. In this way, as a result of the refrigerant gas being adsorbed by the adsorbent, almost only the non-condensable gas is sucked and discharged by the purge pump 6 and discharged into the atmosphere via the electromagnetic valve 52.

  As described above, when the pressure difference between the condenser 11 and the purge condenser 1 becomes a predetermined value or less, the noncondensable gas including the refrigerant gas is transferred from the purge condenser 1 to the adsorption tank 63. After the transfer, the differential pressure again exceeds a predetermined value, and the solenoid valve 51 is closed. Therefore, accumulation of non-condensable gas in the purge condenser 1 starts again. Thus, by detecting the differential pressure between the condenser 11 and the purge condenser 1, the transfer of the non-condensable gas including the refrigerant gas from the purge condenser 1 to the adsorption tank 63 is repeated. If this is repeated a plurality of times, the amount of non-condensable gas in the adsorption tank 63 will eventually increase, so that the value of the differential pressure will not recover to a value exceeding a predetermined value within the preset adsorption time. At this time, since a considerable amount of non-condensable gas is accumulated in the adsorption tank 63, the purge pump 6 is operated to open the electromagnetic valve 52 and discharge the non-condensable gas to the outside.

  If the bleed recovery device is configured in this way, the non-condensable gas can be discharged from the adsorption tank to the outside only once in response to the discharge of the non-condensable gas from the purge condenser 1 toward the adsorption tank 63. It will be good. Therefore, compared with the conventional extraction device, it is possible to reduce the operation frequency of discharging the non-condensable gas including the refrigerant gas to the outside, and by providing the refrigerant adsorbent 60 in the adsorption tank 63, Since the ratio of the refrigerant gas contained in the refrigerant can be reduced, the synergistic effect of the refrigerant gas can significantly reduce the amount of refrigerant gas discharged to the outside. Incidentally, although related to the refrigerant desorption described below, the refrigerant adsorption capacity of the refrigerant adsorbent 60 in the adsorption tank 63, that is, the mass of the adsorbable refrigerant, is the mass of the refrigerant discharged from the purge condenser 1 at one time. On the other hand, it is desirable to make it large enough.

  The reason is that, for example, when the adsorption capacity of the refrigerant adsorbent 60 is too small, the refrigerant adsorbed in the adsorption tank 63 immediately reaches saturation (that is, the adsorption limit amount), and non-condensable gas accumulation in the adsorption tank 63 occurs. Even when the amount is small, the pressure difference between the condenser 11 and the purge condenser 1 does not recover until the pressure difference exceeds a predetermined value within the preset adsorption time, as if a considerable amount of non-condensable gas is present. A phenomenon similar to that accumulated in the adsorption tank 63 appears. In other words, the effect of installing the adsorption tank 63 cannot be sufficiently exhibited.

When the mass of the refrigerant gas discharged together with the non-condensable gas toward the adsorption tank 63 per opening operation of the solenoid valve 51 from the purge capacitor and the refrigerant adsorption capacity of the adsorption tank 63 are in an appropriate relationship, For example, when the maximum possible refrigerant adsorption mass of the refrigerant adsorbent 60 is more than several times the refrigerant gas mass discharged together with the non-condensable gas per opening operation of the solenoid valve 51 from the purge capacitor, A sufficient amount of non-condensable gas is accumulated in the adsorption tank 63 before the refrigerant adsorbent 60 is saturated with the refrigerant, and the non-condensable gas discharge step to the outside is suitably performed. While such a non-condensable gas discharge step is performed a plurality of times, the refrigerant adsorbent 60 will eventually be saturated with the adsorbed refrigerant, so that it is necessary to perform a refrigerant desorption step.
When the pressure in the purge condenser 1 and the adsorption tank 63 is equal to or higher than the atmospheric pressure, even if the purge pump 6 is not operated, the non-condensable gas is discharged into the atmosphere due to the pressure difference between the adsorption tank 63 and the atmospheric pressure. Can be discharged. In other words, if the pressure is always equal to or higher than the atmospheric pressure, a purge pump for discharging noncondensable gas from the adsorption tank 63 to the outside is unnecessary.

  The refrigerant desorption operation from the refrigerant adsorbent 60 will be described with reference to FIG. Since the refrigerant adsorption capacity of the refrigerant adsorbent 60 is recovered by desorbing the adsorbed refrigerant, the refrigerant desorption process (refrigerant adsorbent regeneration process) is indispensable for reusing the refrigerant adsorbent 60. In this desorption process, the control unit 10 issues an operation command to the heater 58 and the purge pump 6 and issues an open signal for the electromagnetic valve 53. As a result, the refrigerant adsorbent 60 is heated by the heater 58 to a temperature level suitable for desorption, and the refrigerant gas desorbed by the purge pump 6 is sucked and exposed to low pressure conditions. The refrigerant is easily desorbed in terms of pressure, and the desorption of the refrigerant from the refrigerant adsorbent 60 is promoted. In other words, the regeneration of the refrigerant adsorbent proceeds. For the desorption of the refrigerant from the refrigerant adsorbent 60, it is preferable to set both conditions of temperature and pressure appropriately.

  When activated carbon is used as the refrigerant adsorbent 60, the temperature of the refrigerant adsorbent 60 at the time of desorption is preferably controlled to about 100 to 150 ° C, for example, and more preferably about 120 to 130 ° C. . In addition, it is preferable to provide a thermostat 59 that can detect or control the temperature of the refrigerant adsorbent 60 because the temperature level of the refrigerant adsorbent 60 can be easily reached or maintained at a desired temperature level. Of course, instead of the thermostat, temperature control may be performed by combining a temperature detector such as a thermocouple, a resistance temperature detector, or a thermistor with a controller such as a temperature controller. Note that there is a correlation between the temperature rise temperature level of the refrigerant adsorbent 60 and the final desorption level, and the higher the temperature rise temperature, the higher the desorption level. That is, the ratio of the refrigerant remaining adsorbed on the refrigerant adsorbing material 60 decreases, but the temperature of the refrigerant adsorbing material 60 at the time of desorption can be appropriately determined in consideration of other design factors. Further, the “final desorption level” refers to the refrigerant as time elapses when the refrigerant adsorbent 60 is placed in a certain temperature environment while the refrigerant gas generated by the desorption is sucked by the purge pump 6 or the like. Although the amount of refrigerant remaining in the adsorbent 60 decreases, eventually, when the equilibrium state is reached, the amount of refrigerant in the adsorbent 60 does not change over time, and a certain amount of refrigerant remains, It means the refrigerant residual amount level at that time.

At the time of the desorption of the refrigerant, the ambient environment pressure of the refrigerant adsorbent 60 is evacuated by the purge pump 6 to a low pressure. For example, the absolute pressure is preferably about 10 to 60 kPa. It should be noted that specific operation modes such as whether the purge pump 6 is started or a time difference is made, whether continuous operation or intermittent operation is performed simultaneously with the start of heating of the refrigerant adsorbent 60 by the heater 58 are appropriately determined. be able to. Further, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, by connecting a pipe through which the desorbed refrigerant from the adsorption tank 63 passes to a low pressure part such as an evaporator of a turbo refrigerator, the refrigerant can be recovered without using a purge pump. Is possible.
In the description of the desorption of the refrigerant from the refrigerant adsorbent 60, the mode in which the electromagnetic valve 51 is closed in FIG. 5 has been described. However, since the orifice 57 is installed in the connection pipe 54, the purge condenser 1 Since the flow of gas through the connection pipe 54 from the pipe to the adsorption tank 63 is narrowed and is small compared to the discharge flow rate of the purge pump 6, even if the above-described refrigerant desorption operation is performed with the electromagnetic valve 51 opened. good. Thus, even if a part of the refrigerant gas circulates, there is no significant effect on the amount of refrigerant that can be recovered.

  By the way, the refrigerant gas desorbed from the refrigerant adsorbent 60 and sucked / discharged by the purge pump 6 is introduced into the purge capacitor 1 via the connection pipe 54 and the electromagnetic valve 53. As described above, since the condenser chamber 1a of the purge condenser 1 is cooled by the cooling coil 2, the refrigerant gas is condensed and liquefied, and returns to the evaporator 12 of the refrigerator via the float valve chamber 1b. Thus, according to the present invention, the refrigerant that has been discharged into the atmosphere in the conventional extraction / recovery device can be preferably recovered. Even if non-condensable gas remains in the adsorption tank, the non-condensable gas is fed back into the purge condenser 1 and accumulated therein, and only the refrigerant gas is condensed and liquefied. It is possible to recover only the refrigerant gas without recirculating the refrigerant into the refrigerator. At this time, a check valve 64 may be provided to prevent non-condensable gas remaining in the purge condenser from flowing back into the refrigerator when the refrigerator is stopped.

On the other hand, before the refrigerant desorption operation, the purge valve 6 is operated by opening the solenoid valve 52 and the non-condensable gas remaining in the adsorption tank is discharged out of the apparatus. In the initial state, when using a refrigerant adsorbent that already contains a certain amount of moisture, the adsorbent must be sufficiently used (over the refrigerant desorption regeneration temperature or more in the case of activated carbon). In this case, it is preferable that the temperature is 130 ° C. to 150 ° C.) It is better to heat and vacuum to dry.

  The cooling operation of the refrigerant adsorbent 60 will be described with reference to FIG. In order to desorb the adsorbed refrigerant, the temperature of the refrigerant adsorbent 60 is raised by the heater 58 as described above. In order to regain the refrigerant adsorption capacity, the temperature of the refrigerant adsorbent 60 is set to the ambient temperature of the turbo chiller. It is necessary to cool to the extent. For this reason, the following operation is required. In this cooling process, the control unit 10 issues a start command to the fan 62. Since the refrigerant adsorbing material 60 is housed in the adsorbing tank 63, a forced air flow is generated in the vicinity of the adsorbing tank 63 by the fan 62 so that the temperature of the refrigerant adsorbing material 60 is quickly reduced. In order for the forced air flow to flow in the vicinity of the surface of the adsorption tank 63 effectively for cooling, for example, a duct 61 is preferably provided around the adsorption tank 63. For example, the operation of the fan 62 detects the surface temperature of the adsorption tank 63 with a temperature detector or the like instead of the temperature of the refrigerant adsorbent 60, or directly embeds the temperature detector in the refrigerant adsorbent 60 to detect the temperature. You may make it stop after continuing until it becomes below a predetermined temperature, or you may measure the time required for cooling beforehand, and make it stop after continuing operation for the time concerned using a timer etc. good.

  The manual operation of the extraction recovery device will be described with reference to FIG. The manual operation can also be performed during the operation of the turbo refrigerator as in the automatic operation described above. In addition, for example, the liquid refrigerant stays in the suction part of the refrigerant pump and the refrigerant pump can be operated even when the refrigerator is stopped. If there is a means for cooling the purge condenser by circulating it in the inside, it can be performed not only during the operation of the turbo refrigerator but also during the stop. Note that the temperature of the purge condenser at this time may be higher than the temperature during the automatic operation described above, and may be lower than the saturation temperature of the refrigerant corresponding to the operating pressure of the relief valve described later. The manual operation is performed, for example, when a large amount of non-condensable gas is mixed in the turbo refrigerator.

  In the manual operation, for the connection pipe 7 connecting the condenser 11 of the turbo refrigerator and the purge condenser 1, the valve communicating with the orifice 9 is closed and the valve connected to the suction port of the purge pump 6 is opened. Then, the valves between the purge condenser 1 and the adsorption tank 63 and between the adsorption tank 63 and the purge pump 6 in the connection pipe 54 are closed. In the connection pipe 54 from the discharge port of the purge pump 6 to the purge condenser 1, the manual valve is opened. The solenoid valves 51, 52 and 53 are all closed. The purge pump 6 is operated after the opening and closing of valves other than the relief valves 55 and 56 are set as described above. At this time, the valves existing in the connecting pipe 7 on the suction side of the purge pump 6 and the connecting pipe 54 on the discharge side are manual valves, and have a CV value larger than that of the solenoid valve, and are relatively from the condenser 11. It is better to easily extract a large amount of gas. Therefore, these manual valves are generally preferably ball valves having a large CV value.

  The refrigerant gas containing the non-condensable gas pumped by the purge pump flows into the purge condenser 1. Since the condenser chamber 1a of the purge condenser 1 is cooled by the cooling coil 2 as described above, the refrigerant gas is condensed and liquefied and returns to the refrigerator (evaporator 12) via the float valve chamber 1a. Since the non-condensable gas is gradually accumulated as described above, the internal pressure of the purge condenser 1 increases. When the internal pressure of the purge condenser 1 rises to a certain value, the relief valve 55 is opened, and the non-condensable gas enters the adsorption tank 63 through the connection pipe 54 via the relief valve 55 accompanied by the refrigerant gas. Thereafter, the relief valve 55 closes again because the internal pressure of the purge condenser 1 decreases. Of the gas entering the adsorption tank 63, the refrigerant gas is adsorbed by the refrigerant adsorbent 60, and only the non-condensable gas remains in the gas state. Therefore, the internal pressure of the adsorption tank 63 is generally lower than the internal pressure of the purge tank 1 by a pressure corresponding to the partial pressure of the refrigerant gas. Therefore, for example, if the ejection pressures of the relief valves 55 and 56 are set to be the same, even if the relief valve 55 is opened, the relief valve 56 is not immediately opened. However, when the relief valve 55 is opened several times and the non-condensable gas and the refrigerant gas are pumped to the adsorption tank 63, the pressure of the non-condensable gas gradually increases in the adsorption tank 63. Opens and discharges non-condensable gas into the atmosphere. In this way, even in manual operation, the proportion of refrigerant gas in the gas discharged into the atmosphere can be minimized.

As another embodiment, the configuration shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 may be used. By configuring in this way, it is possible to easily retrofit the extraction system of the present invention by adding an adsorption tank, duct, fan, solenoid valve and other necessary parts to an existing system without an adsorption tank. It is.
FIG. 8 shows an embodiment in which the pressure of the purge condenser is equal to or higher than the atmospheric pressure depending on the type of refrigerant to be used and the operating temperature condition, and is a configuration without a purge pump.
FIG. 9 shows an embodiment in which the pressure of the purge condenser is equal to or lower than the atmospheric pressure depending on the type of refrigerant to be used and the operating temperature condition, and includes a purge pump. If the extraction / recovery device is configured in this manner, the pressure of the adsorption tank 63 can be increased to the atmospheric pressure or higher by the purge pump 6 even when the pressure of the purge condenser 1 is lower than the atmospheric pressure. When the pressure difference between the vessel 11 and the purge condenser 1 becomes a predetermined value or less, the purge pump 6 can pump the non-condensable gas including the refrigerant gas to the adsorption tank 63 having a pressure higher than that of the purge condenser 1. it can. Further, non-condensable gas can be discharged from the relief tank 56 into the atmosphere from the adsorption tank 63, for example.

FIG. 10 shows an embodiment of a cross-sectional shape of an adsorption tank in which a heat sink having fins as an enlarged heat transfer surface is integrally provided.
As described above, according to the turbo chiller bleed air recovery device 50 of the present invention, the refrigerant adsorbent 60 can reduce the amount of refrigerant leaking into the atmosphere accompanying the noncondensable gas discharged from the bleed air recovery device into the air. Can be reduced to the limit. Further, it is possible to provide a bleed air recovery apparatus in which the refrigerant adsorbing material 60 is suitably regenerated and can be used repeatedly, and when the refrigerant adsorbing material 60 is regenerated, the refrigerant can be recovered and returned to the refrigerator. it can.

It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the turbo refrigerator which has the extraction collection | recovery apparatus concerning this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the extraction collection | recovery apparatus concerning this invention. It is a figure explaining the automatic driving | running state of the bleed air collection | recovery apparatus concerning this invention. It is a figure explaining the non-condensable gas discharge | emission condition of the extraction | collection air recovery apparatus concerning this invention. It is a figure explaining the refrigerant | coolant desorption state of the extraction recovery apparatus concerning this invention. It is a figure explaining the refrigerant | coolant adsorbent cooling condition of the extraction air recovery apparatus concerning this invention. It is a figure explaining the manual driving | running state of the bleed air collection | recovery apparatus concerning this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the extraction collection | recovery apparatus concerning this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the extraction collection | recovery apparatus concerning this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the adsorption tank cross-sectional shape of the extraction collection | recovery apparatus concerning this invention. (A) And (b) is a figure explaining the refrigerant | coolant adsorption | suction characteristic of the extraction | collection recovery apparatus concerning this invention. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the turbo refrigerator which has this kind of extraction extraction | collection apparatus of the past.

1: purge condenser, 1a: condenser chamber (for purge condenser), 1b: float valve chamber (for purge condenser), 2: cooling coil, 3: float valve, 4: differential pressure detector, 5: solenoid valve, 6: Purge pump, 7: communication pipe, 8: compressor, 9: orifice, 10: control unit, 11: condenser, 12: evaporator, 13: refrigerant pump, 14: refrigerant filter, 15: orifice, 16: economizer, 50: Extraction device, 51-53: Solenoid valve, 54: Connection piping, 55, 56: Relief valve, 57: Orifice, 58: Heater, 59: Thermostat, 60: Refrigerant adsorbent, 61: Duct, 62: Fan 63: Adsorption tank, 64: Check valve, 65: External outlet

Claims (14)

  An extractor recovery device disposed in a turbo chiller that includes an evaporator, a condenser, a compressor, and a prime mover that drives the evaporator, and that operates using a refrigerant whose pressure in the evaporator is equal to or lower than atmospheric pressure as a working medium, The bleed air recovery device includes a purge condenser having a heat exchanger therein, and the purge condenser is connected to a condenser or an economizer of the turbo chiller via a communication pipe, and includes a refrigerant gas from the condenser. A non-condensable gas is extracted and introduced into the purge condenser, and a liquid refrigerant flowing from the condenser or economizer of the turbo chiller toward the evaporator is guided to the heat exchanger to cool the purge condenser. The refrigerant gas is liquefied and collected in the turbo refrigerator, and the non-condensable gas remaining in the purge condenser and accumulated is discharged outside the extraction device. In the turbo chiller bleed air recovery device, the bleed air recovery device further includes a differential pressure detector for detecting the pressure between the condenser and the purge condenser, an adsorption member and a refrigerant adsorbent heater. A tank, wherein the adsorption tank and the purge condenser purge the refrigerant gas from the adsorption tank and a connection pipe (A) having an on-off valve and an orifice for transferring the non-condensable gas of the purge condenser to the adsorption tank. It is connected with a connection pipe (C) having an on-off valve and a purge pump for transfer toward the condenser, and the adsorption tank is connected with an external discharge port and a connection pipe (B) having an on-off valve. A featured bleed air recovery device.   2. The operation method of the bleed air recovery apparatus according to claim 1, wherein when a differential pressure value of a differential pressure detector that detects a differential pressure between the condenser and the purge condenser becomes a predetermined value or less, The non-condensable gas containing the remaining and accumulated refrigerant gas is guided to the adsorption tank via the connection pipe (A) by opening the on-off valve of the connection pipe (A), and the refrigerant gas is supplied to the refrigerant adsorbent. When the value of the pressure difference between the condenser and the purge condenser does not recover to a value exceeding the predetermined value, the non-condensable gas is removed from the adsorption tank through the on-off valve of the connection pipe (B). After being opened and discharged to the outside via the connection pipe (B), the refrigerant adsorbent is heated using the heater for heating the adsorbent, and the refrigerant is desorbed as a gas. C) Open the on-off valve and purge How the operation of the bleed recovery device characterized by the Driving transferred from adsorption tank via the connection pipe (C) to the purge capacitor.   An extractor recovery device disposed in a turbo chiller that includes an evaporator, a condenser, a compressor, and a prime mover that drives the evaporator, and that operates using a refrigerant whose pressure in the evaporator is equal to or lower than atmospheric pressure as a working medium, The bleed air recovery device includes a purge condenser having a heat exchanger therein, and the purge condenser is connected to a condenser or an economizer of the turbo chiller via a communication pipe, and includes a refrigerant gas from the condenser. A non-condensable gas is extracted and introduced into the purge condenser, and a liquid refrigerant flowing from the condenser or economizer of the turbo chiller toward the evaporator is guided to the heat exchanger to cool the purge condenser. The refrigerant gas is liquefied and collected in the turbo refrigerator, and the non-condensable gas remaining in the purge condenser and accumulated is discharged outside the extraction device. In the extracted air recovery device for a turbo chiller, the extracted air recovery device further includes a differential pressure detector for detecting a differential pressure between the condenser and the purge condenser, a refrigerant adsorbent, and a heater for heating the refrigerant adsorbent. An adsorption tank, and the adsorption tank and the purge condenser are connected by a connection pipe (A) having an on-off valve and an orifice for transferring the non-condensable gas of the purge condenser to the adsorption tank. It has connection piping (D) which has an on-off valve which transfers refrigerant gas from this adsorption tank toward the low pressure part of the above-mentioned turbo refrigerator while being connected with a connection piping (B) which has an outlet and an on-off valve. A featured bleed air recovery device.   4. The operation method of the bleed air recovery apparatus according to claim 3, wherein when a differential pressure value of a differential pressure detector that detects a differential pressure between the condenser and the purge condenser becomes a predetermined value or less, The non-condensable gas containing the remaining and accumulated refrigerant gas is guided to the adsorption tank via the connection pipe (A) by opening the on-off valve of the connection pipe (A), and the refrigerant gas is supplied to the refrigerant adsorbent. When the value of the pressure difference between the condenser and the purge condenser does not recover to a value exceeding the predetermined value, the non-condensable gas is removed from the adsorption tank through the on-off valve of the connection pipe (B). After being opened and discharged to the outside via the connection pipe (B), the refrigerant adsorbent is heated using the heater for heating the adsorbent, and the refrigerant is desorbed as a gas. D) Open the on-off valve and connect the pipe How the operation of the bleed recovery apparatus characterized by transferring from the suction tank via the D) to the low pressure section of the turbo chiller.   The bleed recovery device according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the connection pipe (A) further comprises a purge pump.   6. The operation method of the bleed air recovery apparatus according to claim 5, wherein when the value of the differential pressure of the differential pressure detector for detecting the differential pressure between the condenser and the purge condenser becomes a certain value or less, The non-condensable gas containing the refrigerant gas remaining and accumulated is pumped to the adsorption tank via the connection pipe (A) by opening the on-off valve of the connection pipe (A) and operating the purge pump. A method for operating a bleed air recovery device.   The bleed recovery device according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the connection pipe (B) further comprises a purge pump.   8. The operation method of the bleed air recovery apparatus according to claim 7, wherein when a value of a differential pressure detector for detecting a differential pressure between the condenser and the purge condenser becomes equal to or less than a predetermined value, it remains in the purge condenser and accumulates. The non-condensed gas containing the refrigerant gas is guided to the adsorption tank via the connection pipe (A) by opening the on-off valve of the connection pipe (A), and the refrigerant adsorbent adsorbs the refrigerant gas. If the value of the differential pressure between the condenser and the purge condenser does not recover to a value exceeding the certain value, the non-condensable gas is opened from the adsorption tank to the open / close valve of the connection pipe (B), An operation method of the bleed air recovery apparatus, wherein the purge pump is operated via the connection pipe (B) and discharged to the outside.   The bleed air recovery apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the adsorption tank is provided with a temperature controller for controlling a temperature of the refrigerant adsorbent.   The bleed air recovery apparatus according to claim 1, 3, 5, 7, or 9, further comprising a duct capable of shortening a time for heating and cooling the refrigerant adsorbent in the adsorption tank.   The bleed air recovery device according to claim 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 or 10, further comprising a cooling fan for cooling the refrigerant adsorbent in the adsorption tank.   The bleed air recovery apparatus according to claim 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 10, or 11, wherein the adsorption tank includes a heat sink having a fin as an enlarged heat transfer surface therein.   The bleed air recovery apparatus according to claim 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 10, 11 or 12, wherein the refrigerant adsorbent is activated carbon for volatile solvent gas recovery.   A turbo refrigeration machine equipped with the extraction recovery device of any one of the extraction recovery devices according to claim 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12, or 13.