JP2011043182A - Roller with cage, roller bearing with cage, and cage - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a roller with a cage, and a bearing using the roller with the cage preventing abrasion and lubrication defectives of the cage, and improving tight adhesion performance between a surface treatment layer and base material by applying surface treatment which is not affected by additives contained in oil used. <P>SOLUTION: The roller with the cage includes a plurality of rollers 1, and a circular cage 2 having pockets 3 at a plurality of circumferential locations for respectively retaining the rollers 1. A composite surface treatment layer 4 is provided on all the surfaces of the base material of the cage 2. The composite surface treatment layer 4 is formed by providing an overcoat of PTFE 13 on the surface of a nickel plating layer 4, and applying heat treatment to make them composite. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a roller with a cage, a roller bearing with a cage, and a cage used in, for example, a support structure for a crankshaft and a connecting rod support structure for a four-wheeled vehicle, a two-wheeled vehicle, and a general-purpose engine. And a technique for solving excessive temperature rise.

A roller with a cage is composed of a roller and a cage, and has a structure in which the outer peripheral surface of the roller is in line contact with the raceway surfaces of the inner ring and the outer ring. For this reason, it has the advantage that high load capacity and high rigidity can be obtained for a small bearing projected area. Accordingly, the roller with cage is widely used in various fields including automobiles.
Generally, a roller with a cage of a sliding bearing or a rolling bearing is used for a large and small end of a two-wheeled vehicle. In the case of a two-cycle engine, the large and small ends are lubricated by a spray-like mixed liquid in which gasoline and engine oil are mixed. Therefore, in a plain bearing, since wear and excessive temperature rise occur, rolling bearings such as a roller with a cage and a shell radial bearing are used. However, in the rolling bearings used, the rollers with cages used copper plating or silver plating in order to prevent the outer diameter and width of the cage from being worn and excessive temperature rise.
For high-speed rotation that cannot be tolerated by copper plating or silver plating, composite plating in which the base material is nickel as a main material and fine particles of fluororesin are uniformly dispersed and co-deposited has been proposed (Patent Document 1). This device is a countermeasure content from the viewpoint of preventing wear and excessive temperature rise under high-speed use conditions.

Utility Model Registration No. 2582402

  In the prior art, a composite plating containing nickel as a main material and containing a fluororesin is formed on a cage for the purpose of preventing wear and excessive temperature rise for high speed performance. However, the wear of copper and silver plating in recent years is not severe in use conditions, but the plating dissolves (disappears) due to a chemical reaction due to the influence of lubricating oil, and the temperature of the cage may rise excessively. . In particular, it often occurs in bearings used in 4-cycle engines.

In the case of a four-cycle engine, gasoline and engine oil are not mixed, and the engine oil can be directly supplied to the large and small ends. For this reason, a low-priced plain bearing having a higher load capacity than a rolling bearing is used, and the rolling bearing is hardly used.
However, in recent years, a sliding bearing (a roller with a cage) has been replaced with a sliding bearing of a support portion (for example, a connecting rod large end) of a four-cycle engine in order to improve engine fuel efficiency. The application of rolling bearings to this four-cycle engine is the beginning of the problem.

  By the way, the oil used is completely different between the 2-cycle engine and the 4-cycle engine. In a four-cycle engine, the engine oil stored in the oil pan is pumped and lubricates each part of the engine, and then returns to the oil pan again. On the other hand, in a two-cycle engine, engine oil is mixed with fuel and adheres to the rotating and sliding parts, or each part of the engine is lubricated by pumping from the oil tank, and then enters the combustion chamber with the mixture and burns. To do. The performance required for the two-cycle engine oil and the four-cycle engine oil is greatly different due to the difference in the structure such as the difference in the lubrication mechanism and the valve mechanism.

  The major difference in the composition of these two-cycle engine oil and four-cycle engine oil is the presence or absence of sulfated ash and zinc dialkyldithiodiphosphate (ZnDTP). The low sulfated ash content in the two-cycle engine oil is that the acid neutralization performance of the overbased detergent, which is the main factor of the ash content, is not required, and the ash content increases the combustion chamber deposits and can cause plug misfire. Because there is. The reason why ZnDTP is not prescribed for the two-cycle engine oil is that the two-cycle engine does not require anti-oxidation property of the oil, and because there is no valve mechanism, severe wear prevention performance is not required. It is said that ZnDTP is usually pyrolyzed at 150 to 200 ° C, but there is a report that the temperature around the piston and ring during high load operation exceeds 200 ° C. , Causing ring sticking. In order to prevent this piston contamination and ring sticking, a large amount of detergent is required, which is why ZnDTP is not added. The ZnDTP has antioxidation ability, corrosion prevention ability, load bearing performance, wear prevention ability and the like, and is widely used in engine oil and industrial lubricating oil as a so-called multifunctional additive.

As a wear prevention mechanism of ZnDTP,
(1) Sulfur and phosphorus in ZnDTP react with metals to form iron sulfide and phosphate films to prevent wear.
(2) ZnDTP decomposes to form a polyphosphate film on the metal surface to prevent wear.
The theory is powerful.
As described above, the 4-cycle engine oil contains ZnDTP, which is an additive, and sulfur is contained in the components in this ZnDTP. As an anti-wear mechanism, this sulfur reacts with metals to form a film and has an anti-wear effect, but it has been found from various evaluations that copper plating and silver plating applied to the cage are less effective.

  In other words, when a cage plated with copper or silver is immersed in high-temperature four-cycle engine oil, it turns out that the chemical components of copper and silver increase in the oil over time, and it dissolves in the oil. It was approved. Further, the silver plating changed to black, and the plating became brittle and was easily peeled off. Even in such a roller with a cage, plating peeling of a portion that does not come into contact with other parts may be recognized. Therefore, a surface treatment that is not affected by the additive contained in the engine oil is necessary. Moreover, it is necessary to prevent peeling of plating by improving the adhesion with the base material (retainer).

  The object of the present invention is to provide a surface treatment that is not affected by the additives contained in the oil used, to prevent wear of the cage and excessive temperature rise, and to improve the adhesion between the surface treatment layer and the substrate. It is intended to provide a roller with a cage and a bearing using the roller with a cage.

The roller with cage according to the present invention is the roller with cage having a plurality of rollers and a ring-shaped cage having pockets respectively holding the rollers at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction. A composite surface treatment layer is provided on the entire surface of the base material. This composite surface treatment layer is a layer obtained by overcoating PTFE on the surface of a nickel plating layer and heat-treating different layers of the nickel plating layer and the PTFE layer to integrate them. In this specification, such integration of different layers is referred to as compounding.
The “PTFE” is an abbreviation for polytetrafluoroethylene, which is a polymer of tetrafluoroethylene, which is a fluorocarbon resin composed of only fluorine atoms and carbon atoms. This fluorocarbon resin shape is a polygonal shape.

According to this configuration, since the plating has an adhesion force due to the bonding between the metals, the adhesion strength is improved due to the bonding between the metals having similar compositions.
Since nickel has a property that it is difficult to react with additives compared to copper and silver, elution can be suppressed. Therefore, nickel or the like in the composite surface treatment layer can be prevented from being dissolved into the engine oil. When the additive is in the engine oil, the additive is decomposed to form a film on the metal surface to further prevent wear, so that the composite surface treatment layer hinders the effect of the additive. Absent.
Since the surface of the nickel plating layer is coated with PTFE and combined by heat treatment, it is firmly fixed in a state in which the PTFE particles enter between the particles of the surface layer of the nickel plating layer. Therefore, the surface hardness of the composite surface treatment layer can be further increased and the wear resistance is excellent. Due to the self-lubricating property of the PTFE particles, the cage can be prevented from being worn and excessively heated, and the engine can be operated for a long time.

  The PTFE may be concentrated in the vicinity of the surface layer of the composite surface treatment layer. In this case, the cage wear and excessive temperature rise can be prevented with a smaller amount of PTFE than that in which PTFE is uniformly dispersed throughout the treatment layer. Thus, the amount of PTFE can be reduced, so that the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

  The composite surface treatment layer may have a surface hardness of Hv400 or more and Hv700 or less. The hardness represented by the “Hv” is Vickers hardness. When the surface hardness of the composite surface treatment layer composited by the above heat treatment was Hv400 or more and Hv700 or less, the difference in wear amount was within 0.001 mm, and the difference was not recognized. Thus, by specifying the surface hardness of the composite surface treatment layer to be Hv400 or more and Hv700 or less, the wear resistance can be maintained. When this surface hardness is less than Hv400, the amount of wear increases. If it exceeds Hv700, the hardness may be too high and the composite surface treatment layer may crack.

The base material of the cage is subjected to carburizing, quenching and tempering, and the surface hardness is in the range of Hv450 to Hv700, and the hardness difference between the surface hardness and the surface hardness of the composite surface treatment layer is Hv200 or less. good. Bearings used in the large end of the connecting rod of the engine and the planetary mechanism of the transmission are rotated, so that the cage rotates while causing an elliptical motion. Therefore, if the plating does not follow the elliptical deformation of the cage, cracking or peeling occurs in the plating. The deformation of the cage is affected by the rigidity of the cage, and changes depending on the hardness if the same material has the same shape. Therefore, the influence of the cage hardness and the surface hardness of the composite surface treatment layer was confirmed.
The confirmation method is to manufacture a sample in which the hardness of the cage and the surface hardness of the composite surface treatment layer are shaken up and down, load a static load on the cage, and give the deformation amount within the elastic deformation a predetermined number of times. The composite surface treatment layer was visually checked for abnormalities. As a result, when the hardness difference between the surface hardness of the cage and the surface hardness of the composite surface treatment layer was Hv 200 or less, no cracking or peeling was observed in the composite surface treatment layer.

  The surface roughness of the composite surface treatment layer may be Ra 0.7 μm or less. “Ra” is the center line average roughness Ra defined by Japanese Industrial Standards. When the surface roughness of the composite surface treatment layer exceeds Ra 0.7 μm, the wear amount of the composite surface treatment layer itself tends to increase. This is because the unevenness of the roughness itself is higher and the surface roughness is easier to wear. In other words, by reducing the surface roughness of the composite surface treatment layer to Ra 0.7 μm or less, the unevenness of the roughness itself is lowered, and the amount of wear of the composite surface treatment layer itself is reduced. Is possible.

  A roller bearing with a cage according to the present invention includes any one of the above rollers with a cage and a bearing ring on which the plurality of rollers roll.

  The cage of the present invention is a cage in a roller with a cage comprising a plurality of rollers and ring-shaped cages each having a pocket for holding each of the rollers at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction, A composite surface treatment layer is provided on the entire surface of the base material of the cage, and this composite surface treatment layer is a layer obtained by applying PTFE on the surface of the nickel plating layer and then performing heat treatment.

An engine crankshaft support bearing using any one of the rollers with cages may be applied.
An engine connecting rod large end bearing using any one of the rollers with cages may be applied.
You may apply the support bearing for transmissions using the roller with either of the said cages.

  The roller with cage according to the present invention is the roller with cage having a plurality of rollers and a ring-shaped cage having pockets respectively holding the rollers at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction. A composite surface treatment layer is provided on the entire surface of the base material, and this composite surface treatment layer is a layer obtained by overcoating PTFE on the surface of the nickel plating layer and complexing by heat treatment. Without being influenced by the agent, it is possible to prevent the cage from being worn and excessively heated, and to improve the adhesion between the surface treatment layer and the substrate.

(A) is a cross-sectional view of a roller with a cage according to an embodiment of the present invention, (B) is a plan view of the cage, (C) is a cross-sectional view of a main part in which a composite surface treatment layer is provided on a substrate surface. FIG. It is a figure showing the relationship between operation time and wear amount, such as plating. (A) is sectional drawing which shows the example which coated PTFE on the surface of the nickel plating layer, and was combined with heat processing, (B) is an expanded sectional view of the principal part. It is a figure explaining the method of the Sabang test which performs comparative evaluation of the amount of wear. It is a figure showing the relationship between the surface roughness of a composite surface treatment layer, and the amount of wear. It is a figure showing the relationship between the surface hardness after the heat processing of a composite surface treatment layer, and the amount of wear. It is a figure showing the relationship between immersion time and the amount of detected elements. It is sectional drawing of the roller with a retainer which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. (A) Sectional drawing of the roller with a retainer which concerns on other embodiment of this invention, (B) is a principal part top view of the retainer. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a roller bearing with a cage according to an embodiment of the present invention. (A) Sectional drawing of the roller with a retainer which concerns on other embodiment of this invention, (B) is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG. 11 (A). It is principal part sectional drawing of the support bearing for crankshafts of an engine using the roller with a holder | retainer which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is principal part sectional drawing of the bearing for connecting rod big ends of the engine using the roller with the said holder | retainer. It is principal part sectional drawing of the support bearing for transmissions using the roller with the said holder | retainer.

  A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The roller with cage according to the embodiment of the present invention is used in, for example, a support structure for a crankshaft and a connecting rod support structure for a four-wheeled vehicle, a two-wheeled vehicle, and a general-purpose engine. However, the present invention is not limited to the crankshaft support structure and the connecting rod support structure.

  As shown in FIG. 1A, the roller with cage 50 includes a plurality of rollers 1 and a cage 2. There is no inner ring, and the roller 1 is in rolling contact with the outer peripheral surface of the shaft supported by the roller 50 with cage. For example, a needle roller is used as the roller 1, and the end surface 1a of the roller 1 is a flat surface. As shown in FIGS. 1 (A) and 1 (B), the cage 2 has a ring shape having pockets 3 for holding the rollers 1 at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction. The retainer 2 is provided with a composite surface treatment layer 4 to be described later.

  The cage 2 is made of a press-formed product of a thin steel plate, for example. The cage 2 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape having a pair of flange portions 6, 6 that are annular portions bent toward the inner diameter side at both ends, and the central portion in the axial direction of the peripheral wall has a small diameter portion 7 inward in the radial direction. It is squeezed as. The cage 2 has a plurality of circumferential column portions 8 that connect the pair of flange portions 6 and 6, and the space between the adjacent column portions 8 and 8 is the pocket 3. The cage 2 may have an annular portion such as a flat shape instead of the flange portions 6 and 6. As shown in FIG. 1 (B), on the peripheral edge of the opening of the pocket 3 in the column portion 8, a drop preventing protrusion 9 is formed in the small diameter portion 7 in the center in the axial direction, and the large diameter portions at both ends in the axial direction. Falling prevention protrusions 10 and 10 are formed. An inclined edge 11 that guides the roller 1 in the circumferential direction between the protruding edges 9 and 10 at the opening edge of the pocket 3 in the column portion 8, from the radially outer side toward the central portion in the axial direction. An inclining edge 11 that is inclined inward is formed. The rollers 1 are prevented from slipping in and out by the falling-off preventing protrusions 9 and 10 and guided in the circumferential direction by the inclined edges 11.

The composite surface treatment layer 4 will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1C, a composite surface treatment layer 4 is provided on the entire surface of the base material of the cage 2. The composite surface treatment layer 4 is a layer obtained by overcoating PTFE 13 on the surface of the nickel plating layer 5 and composite by heat treatment. The surface on which the nickel plating is processed is the entire surface of the cage, and includes the width surface, the inner diameter surface, and the pocket of the cage. The nickel plating layer 5 contains, for example, 7 wt% or more and 9 wt% of phosphorus. The PTFE 13 is concentrated in the vicinity of the surface layer of the composite surface treatment layer 4 and is a so-called non-dispersion type.

  The thickness δ1 of the nickel plating layer 5 is, for example, 7 μm or more and 12 μm or less, and the thickness δ2 of the PTFE 13 is, for example, 1 μm or more and 5 μm or less. However, the film thickness δ1 of the nickel plating layer 5 is not limited to 7 μm or more and 12 μm or less. The total film thickness δa of the nickel plating layer 5 and PTFE 13 is 8 μm or more and 17 μm or less.

The reason for setting the total film thickness δa to 8 μm or more and 17 μm or less will be described.
Using actual rollers with cages (inner diameter 28 mm × outer diameter 34 mm × width 17 mm), the amount of wear of various plating layers was compared with the same crank motion motion as the actual machine, and the total film thickness was determined. As shown in FIG. 2, from this result, it was found that the composite surface treatment layer 4 of the present invention stopped initial wear in the initial several tens of hours and did not progress thereafter. Since the wear amount was 8 μm, the thinnest film thickness (lower limit) of the total film thickness δa of the composite surface treatment layer 4 was set to 8 μm.
When the total film thickness δa of the composite surface treatment layer 4 exceeds 17 μm, the cost increases. When the total film thickness δa is smaller than 8 μm, for example, the flow of plating abrasion → cage exposure → sliding with connecting rod inner diameter → temperature rise, cage wear → excessive temperature rise in the cage leads to problems.
In the roller with a cage of the present invention, wear can be prevented by the self-lubricating performance of PTFE particles in the composite surface treatment layer 4.

The standard value of the surface roughness of the composite surface treatment layer 4 will be described.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the surface roughness of the composite surface treatment layer 4 is Ra 0.7 μm or less.
“Ra” is a center line average roughness Ra defined by Japanese Industrial Standards, and is measured according to the standard of JIS 0601-1976 surface roughness. The centerline average roughness is obtained by extracting a portion of the measurement length L from the roughness curve in the direction of the centerline, setting the centerline of this extraction as the X axis, the direction of the vertical magnification as the Y axis, and the roughness curve as y. When expressed by = f (x), the value of Ra given by the following equation is expressed in units of micrometers.

In order to confirm whether or not the amount of wear of the surface treatment layer itself changes depending on the surface roughness of the composite surface treatment layer 4, the wear comparison evaluation was performed using the roller with cage and the test conditions for which the film thickness was evaluated. Carried out. This wear comparison evaluation was carried out in the Sabang test. The Sabang test is a test for comparative evaluation of the amount of wear. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the Sabang testing machine SM includes a test piece mounting portion 19 for attaching the test piece m1, a rotating portion 20 for rotating the test piece m1 attached to the test piece mounting portion 19, and a test piece mounting. The test piece m1 attached to the part 19 has a load loading part 21 for applying a constant load. The load load unit 21 applies a predetermined load to the test piece m 1 by an urging means such as a spring, and the load amount is measured by the load cell 22. For example, steel for machine structural use such as Japanese Industrial Standard SCM415 is applied as the mating member 23 to be brought into sliding contact with the test piece m1 in the load applying portion 21. However, it is not limited to SCM415. A felt pad 24 is provided inside the test piece mounting portion 19, and the felt pad 24 is brought into contact with the peripheral surface of the test piece m 1, and the test piece m 1 is rotated by the rotating portion 20, whereby felt pad refueling is performed. Is called. The amount of wear can be measured by attaching the test piece m1 to the test piece attachment portion 19, rotating the rotating portion 20 while applying a load to the test piece m1, and sliding the test piece m1 in sliding contact with the mating member 23.
The test conditions are as follows.
Sliding speed: 0.05m / s, 5.0m / s
Surface pressure: 0.5GPa
Time: 30 min (5.0 m / s), 60 min (0.05 m / s)
Lubricant: Mobile Velocity No. 3 (VG2)
As a result, as shown in FIG. 5, when the surface roughness exceeds Ra 0.7 μm, the amount of wear tends to increase. This is a result that the roughness of the roughness itself is higher and the surface roughness is easier to wear.

The hardness of the composite surface treatment layer 4 will be described.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the surface of the nickel plating layer 5 is coated with PTFE 13 and cured by heat treatment, and the surface hardness of the composite surface treatment layer 4 after the heat treatment is set to Hv400 or more and Hv700 or less.
In order to determine the optimum value of the surface hardness of the composite surface treatment layer 4, wear comparison was performed under the same test conditions using the same roller with cage as when the total film thickness δa was determined. Hv400 or more and Hv700 or less of the surface hardness of the composite surface treatment layer 4 is a value determined by the content of PTFE 13 and the quenching temperature. Therefore, the test sample was manufactured by changing the quenching temperature while keeping the PTFE amount constant.
As shown in FIG. 6, from this result, if the plating hardness after quenching of the composite surface treatment layer 4 is Hv400 or more and Hv700 or less, the difference in wear amount is within 0.001 mm, and the difference is not recognized. there were. If the plating hardness after quenching of the composite surface treatment layer 4 is less than Hv400, the amount of wear increases. If it exceeds Hv700, the hardness is too high and the plating layer may crack.

The hardness difference between the composite surface treatment layer 4 and the cage 2 will be described.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the cage 2 is subjected to carburizing, quenching and tempering, and the surface hardness is in the range of Hv450 to Hv700, and the hardness difference between the surface hardness and the surface hardness of the composite surface treatment layer 4 is determined. Hv is 200 or less.
Bearings used in the connecting rod large end portion of the engine and the planetary mechanism portion of the transmission are swung, so that the cage 2 rotates while causing an elliptical motion. Therefore, if the plating does not follow the elliptical deformation of the cage 2, cracking or peeling occurs in the plating. The deformation of the cage 2 is affected by the rigidity of the cage 2 and changes depending on the hardness if the same material has the same shape. Therefore, the influence of the cage hardness and the surface hardness of the composite surface treatment layer was confirmed. The confirmation method is to manufacture a sample in which the cage hardness and the composite surface treatment layer surface hardness are shaken up and down, load the cage 2 with a static load, and the amount of deformation within the elastic deformation (cage deformation 0.5 mm ) Was given 10,000 times, and the composite surface treatment layer 4 was visually checked for any abnormalities. As a result, as shown in Table 1, when the hardness difference between the surface hardness of the cage 2 and the surface hardness of the composite surface treatment layer 4 was Hv 200 or less, no cracking or peeling was observed in the plating.

The dissolution of the surface treatment will be described.
It was confirmed by an immersion test that the metal components and the like of the composite surface treatment layer 4 according to the embodiment of the present invention do not dissolve under the high temperature conditions of the 4-cycle engine oil. As shown in FIG. 7, in the conventional copper / silver plating, a large amount of element is detected from the oil along with the immersion time. On the other hand, the element related to the composite surface treatment layer 4 was not detected even when 200 hours passed in the embodiment.

According to the roller 50 with cage described above, the composite surface treatment layer 4 is provided on the entire surface of the base material of the cage 2, and this composite surface treatment layer 4 is coated with PTFE 13 on the surface of the nickel plating layer 5. It is a layer combined by heat treatment. Since nickel has a property that it is difficult to dissolve in the additive (it is difficult to react), it is possible to prevent nickel or the like in the composite surface treatment layer 4 from being dissolved into the engine oil.
Since PTFE 13 is coated on the surface of the nickel plating layer 5 and combined by heat treatment, the PTFE particles are firmly fixed in a state where the PTFE particles enter between the particles of the surface layer of the nickel plating layer 5. Therefore, the friction coefficient of the composite surface treatment layer 4 can be reduced, and the wear resistance is excellent. Due to the self-lubricating property of the PTFE particles, the cage can be prevented from being worn and excessively heated, and the engine can be operated for a long time.

PTFE 13 is concentrated in the vicinity of the surface layer of the composite surface treatment layer 4. In this case, the cage wear and excessive temperature rise can be prevented with a smaller amount of PTFE than that in which PTFE is uniformly dispersed throughout the treatment layer. Thus, the amount of PTFE can be reduced, so that the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
Further, by defining the surface hardness of the composite surface treatment layer 4 to be Hv400 or higher and Hv700 or lower, the wear resistance can be maintained.

The cage 2 is subjected to carburizing, quenching and tempering, and the surface hardness is in the range of Hv450 to Hv700, and the hardness difference between this surface hardness and the plating hardness of the composite surface treatment layer 4 is set to Hv200 or less. Thus, by reducing the hardness difference between the cage 2 as the base material and the composite surface treatment layer 4, it is possible to prevent the adhesion of the composite surface treatment layer 4 from being lowered and prevent cracking and peeling of the plating. .
Further, by setting the surface roughness of the composite surface treatment layer 4 to Ra 0.7 μm or less, it is possible to reduce the unevenness of the roughness itself and to reduce the wear amount of the plating itself.

  Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the following description, the same reference numerals are given to portions corresponding to the matters described in the preceding forms in each embodiment, and overlapping description may be omitted. When only a part of the configuration is described, the other parts of the configuration are the same as those described in the preceding section. Not only the combination of the parts specifically described in each embodiment, but also the embodiments can be partially combined as long as the combination does not hinder. In each embodiment of the present invention, a base plating layer may be applied to the cage 2, and a composite surface treatment layer 4 may be applied to the surface of the base plating layer. In this case, the adhesion of the composite surface treatment layer 4 can be further improved.

In the roller 50A with a retainer shown in FIG. 8, when the retainers 2 are arranged so as to contact each other at the width surface 2h, the combined surface treatment layer 4 on the width surface 2h in the retainer 2 causes the relative contact of the retainer 2. Abrasion is reduced and long life can be achieved. Other effects similar to those of the cage 2 of FIG.
When the composite surface treatment layer 4 is applied to the entire cage, a plating layer is attached to the roller guide surface of the cage pocket 3, so that the wear of the roller 1 can be reduced and the number of steps of the entire plating operation can be reduced. it can.

The cage 2A of the roller with cage 50B shown in FIG. 9 is integrally formed with guide protrusions 12 that project substantially perpendicularly toward the inner diameter side and guide the end surface 1a of the roller 1 at both ends in the axial direction of the pocket 3 on the peripheral wall. is doing. Since the roller end face 1a is guided by the guide projection piece 12, the guide face 12a of the roller end face 1a by the cage 2A extends to the inner diameter side or shifts to the inner diameter side. Therefore, the roller end surface 1a is supported without being detached from the guide surface 12a toward the inner diameter side until the inclination angle of the roller 1 becomes relatively large. Since the guide protrusion 12 is provided at the end of the pocket 3, the roller end surface 1a can be prevented from coming off by the guide protrusion 12 regardless of the roller length with respect to the width of the cage 2A.
The composite surface treatment layer 4 is applied to the entire surface of the cage 2A. Since the composite surface treatment layer 4 is also applied to the guide surface 12a of the guide protrusion 12, it is possible to reduce the wear of the roller end surface 1a.

  FIG. 10 shows a roller bearing with a cage according to an embodiment of the present invention. This roller bearing with cage is composed of the roller with cage 50 (50A, 50B) having one of the above-described configurations and the race ring 14 to which the plurality of rollers 1 are in rolling contact. In this example, the outer ring is used as the race ring 14. The roller bearing with a cage may be configured to include one or both of the outer ring and the inner ring (or shaft Sh).

  A roller with cage 50 </ b> C in FIG. 11 includes a plurality of rollers 1 and first and second cages 2 </ b> C and 15. FIG. 11A is a cross-sectional view of the roller with cage cut along a plane including the axis L1. FIG. 11B is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. The first cage 2C has the same configuration as the cage 2 of the first embodiment described above with reference to FIGS. The composite surface treatment layer 4 is applied to the entire surface of the first cage 2C. The second retainer 15 is a ring-shaped member having a flat surface, and a pocket 15a for retaining the roller 1 is formed. The composite surface treatment layer 4 is applied to the entire surface of the second cage 15. The second cage 15 is disposed on the inner peripheral surface of the flange portion 6 of the first cage 2C via a radial gap.

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of a crankshaft support bearing and the like. This bearing is a support bearing for the crankshaft 16 of the engine using any one of the rollers with cages 50 (50A to 50C, referred to as “50 etc.”). The device of this example includes two rollers 50 with retainers provided so as to be eccentric with each other. Each roller with retainer 50 or the like is disposed on the outer periphery of two adjacent eccentric shaft portions 16a and 16b provided on the crankshaft 16, and supports the two movable members Kb.
FIG. 13: is principal part sectional drawing of the bearing for connecting rod big ends of the engine using the roller with a holder | retainer. Any one of the rollers with cage 50 according to the present invention is applied to the support bearings 16BR and 16BR for the crankshaft 16, the bearing of the connecting portion 17 between the connecting rod CR and the crankshaft 16, that is, the connecting rod large end bearing.
FIG. 14: is principal part sectional drawing of the support bearing for transmissions using the roller with the said holder | retainer. In the example of the transmission 18, two planetary gear devices 18A and 18B are provided so that rotation is sequentially transmitted. In each planetary gear unit 18A (18B), a planetary gear UG is provided on the support shaft Sh via a roller 50 with a cage.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Roller 2, 2A, 2B ... Cage 3 ... Pocket 4 ... Composite surface treatment layer 5 ... Nickel plating layer 13 ... PTFE
14 ... Outer ring

Claims (10)

In a roller with a cage provided with a plurality of rollers and a ring-shaped cage having a pocket for holding each of the rollers at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction,
A roller with a cage, wherein a composite surface treatment layer of a nickel plating layer and PTFE is provided on the entire surface of the base material of the cage.   The roller with a cage according to claim 1, wherein the composite surface treatment layer is a layer obtained by overcoating PTFE on a surface of a nickel plating layer and integrating them by heat treatment.   The roller with a retainer according to claim 2, wherein the PTFE is concentrated near the surface layer of the composite surface treatment layer.   4. The base material of the cage according to claim 2, wherein the base material of the cage is subjected to carburizing, quenching and tempering, and the surface hardness is in a range of Hv450 to Hv700, and the surface hardness and the surface hardness of the composite surface treatment layer. Roller with cage with a hardness difference of Hv200 or less.   The roller with a retainer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a surface roughness of the composite surface treatment layer is Ra 0.7 µm or less. A roller bearing with a cage, comprising: the roller with a cage according to any one of claims 1 to 5; and a bearing ring to which the plurality of rollers are in rolling contact.   A retainer in a roller with a retainer comprising a plurality of rollers and a ring-shaped retainer having a pocket for retaining each of the rollers at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction. A cage in which a composite surface treatment layer is provided on the entire surface, and this composite surface treatment layer is a layer obtained by coating PTFE on the surface of a nickel plating layer and compositing by heat treatment.   The support bearing for crankshafts of an engine using the roller with a holder of any one of Claim 1 thru | or 6.   The bearing for connecting rod big ends of an engine using the roller with a retainer of any one of Claims 1 thru | or 6.   The support bearing for transmissions using the roller with a holder of any one of Claim 1 thru | or 6.

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