JP5653593B2 - Roller with cage, roller bearing with cage and cage - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a roller with a cage, a roller bearing with a cage, and a cage used in, for example, a support structure for a crankshaft and a connecting rod support structure for a four-wheeled vehicle, a two-wheeled vehicle, and a general-purpose engine. And a technique for solving excessive temperature rise.

A roller with a cage is composed of a roller and a cage, and has a structure in which the outer peripheral surface of the roller is in line contact with the raceway surfaces of the inner ring and the outer ring. For this reason, it has the advantage that high load capacity and high rigidity can be obtained for a small bearing projected area. Accordingly, the roller with cage is widely used in various fields including automobiles.
Generally, a roller with a cage of a sliding bearing or a rolling bearing is used for a large and small end of a two-wheeled vehicle. In the case of a two-cycle engine, the large and small ends are lubricated by a spray-like mixed liquid in which gasoline and engine oil are mixed. Therefore, in a plain bearing, since wear and excessive temperature rise occur, rolling bearings such as a roller with a cage and a shell radial bearing are used. However, in the rolling bearings used, the rollers with cages used copper plating or silver plating in order to prevent the outer diameter and width of the cage from being worn and excessive temperature rise.
For high-speed rotation that cannot be tolerated by copper plating or silver plating, composite plating in which the base material is nickel as a main material and fine particles of fluororesin are uniformly dispersed and co-deposited has been proposed (Patent Document 1). This device is a countermeasure content from the viewpoint of preventing wear and excessive temperature rise under high-speed use conditions.

Utility Model Registration No. 2582402

  In the prior art, a composite plating containing nickel as a main material and containing a fluororesin is formed on a cage for the purpose of preventing wear and excessive temperature rise for high speed performance. However, the wear of copper and silver plating in recent years is not severe in use conditions, but the plating dissolves (disappears) due to a chemical reaction due to the influence of lubricating oil, and the temperature of the cage may rise excessively. . In particular, it often occurs in bearings used in 4-cycle engines.

In the case of a four-cycle engine, gasoline and engine oil are not mixed, and the engine oil can be directly supplied to the large and small ends. For this reason, a low-priced plain bearing having a higher load capacity than a rolling bearing is used, and the rolling bearing is hardly used.
However, in recent years, a sliding bearing (a roller with a cage) has been replaced with a sliding bearing of a support portion (for example, a connecting rod large end) of a four-cycle engine in order to improve engine fuel efficiency. The application of rolling bearings to this four-cycle engine is the beginning of the problem.

  By the way, the oil used is completely different between the 2-cycle engine and the 4-cycle engine. In a four-cycle engine, the engine oil stored in the oil pan is pumped and lubricates each part of the engine, and then returns to the oil pan again. On the other hand, in a two-cycle engine, engine oil is mixed with fuel and adheres to the rotating and sliding parts, or each part of the engine is lubricated by pumping from the oil tank, and then enters the combustion chamber with the mixture and burns. To do. The performance required for the two-cycle engine oil and the four-cycle engine oil is greatly different due to the difference in the structure such as the difference in the lubrication mechanism and the valve mechanism.

  The major difference in the composition of these two-cycle engine oil and four-cycle engine oil is the presence or absence of sulfated ash and zinc dialkyldithiodiphosphate (ZnDTP). The low sulfated ash content in the two-cycle engine oil is that the acid neutralization performance of the overbased detergent, which is the main factor of the ash content, is not required, and the ash content increases the combustion chamber deposits and can cause plug misfire. Because there is. The reason why ZnDTP is not prescribed for the two-cycle engine oil is that the two-cycle engine does not require anti-oxidation property of the oil, and because there is no valve mechanism, severe wear prevention performance is not required. It is said that ZnDTP is usually pyrolyzed at 150 to 200 ° C, but there is a report that the temperature around the piston and ring during high load operation exceeds 200 ° C. , Causing ring sticking. In order to prevent this piston contamination and ring sticking, a large amount of detergent is required, which is why ZnDTP is not added. The ZnDTP has antioxidation ability, corrosion prevention ability, load bearing performance, wear prevention ability and the like, and is widely used in engine oil and industrial lubricating oil as a so-called multifunctional additive.

As a wear prevention mechanism of ZnDTP,
(1) Sulfur and phosphorus in ZnDTP react with metals to form iron sulfide and phosphate films to prevent wear.
(2) ZnDTP decomposes to form a polyphosphate film on the metal surface to prevent wear.
The theory is powerful.
As described above, the 4-cycle engine oil contains ZnDTP, which is an additive, and sulfur is contained in the components in this ZnDTP. As a wear prevention mechanism, this sulfur reacts with metal to form a film and has an anti-wear effect, but it has been found from various evaluations and market-collected products that copper plating and silver plating applied to the cage are ineffective did.

  In other words, when a cage plated with copper or silver is immersed in high-temperature four-cycle engine oil, it turns out that the chemical components of copper and silver increase in the oil over time, and it dissolves in the oil. It was approved. Further, the silver plating changed to black, and the plating became brittle and was easily peeled off. Even in a roller with a cage of a market-collected product, peeling of the plating in a portion that does not come into contact with other parts may be recognized. Therefore, a surface treatment that is not affected by the additive contained in the engine oil is necessary. Moreover, it is necessary to prevent peeling of plating by improving the adhesion with the base material (retainer).

  The object of the present invention is to provide a surface treatment that is not affected by the additives contained in the oil used, to prevent wear of the cage and excessive temperature rise, and to improve the adhesion between the surface treatment layer and the substrate. It is intended to provide a roller with a cage and a bearing using the roller with a cage.

The roller with cage according to the present invention comprises a plurality of rollers and ring-shaped cages having pockets respectively holding the rollers at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction, and is lubricated with engine oil in a 4-cycle engine. crankshaft supporting bearing is or connecting rod large end bearing or the roller and cage assembly for use in supporting a bearing for the transmission, and the entire surface of the retainer is subjected to lower land plating layer is a nickel plating layer, A nickel / PTFE plating layer containing nickel and PTFE is applied to the surface of the base plating layer, the composition of both the nickel plating layer and the Ni / PTFE plating layer is changed, and the nickel plating layer and the Ni / PTFE plating layer are changed. It is brought into close contact with the interface between the PTFE plated layer, and the surface hardness of the previous SL cage, plating hardness of the Ni · PTFE plated layer The difference in hardness is obtained by the Hv200 or less.
The “PTFE” is an abbreviation for polytetrafluoroethylene, which is a polymer of tetrafluoroethylene, which is a fluorocarbon resin consisting only of fluorine atoms and carbon atoms. This fluorocarbon resin shape is a polygonal shape.

According to this configuration, since the plating has an adhesion force due to the bonding between the metals, the adhesion strength is improved due to the bonding between the metals having similar compositions.
Since nickel has a property that it is difficult to react with additives compared to copper and silver, elution can be suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to prevent nickel or the like in the Ni / PTFE plating layer from being dissolved into the engine oil.
Accordingly, the self-lubricating property of the Ni / PTFE plating layer prevents the cage from being worn and excessively heated, and allows the engine to operate for a long period of time.

In the PTFE in the Ni / PTFE plating layer, PTFE particles are dispersed during nickel plating. That is, the Ni / PTFE plating layer is a plating layer in which PTFE particles are dispersed during nickel plating.
The base plating layer is a nickel plating layer . Since the nickel plating layer and the Ni / PTFE plating layer contain a common composition, that is, nickel, the composition in the vicinity of both layers gradually changes, and the interface between the nickel plating layer and the Ni / PTFE plating layer adheres without gaps. Can be made. Therefore, the adhesiveness is excellent over the base material, the nickel plating layer, and the Ni · PTFE plating layer. (That is, the adhesion strength of the plating is due to the bonding between metals, and by providing a nickel plating layer having a composition similar to that of the Ni / PTFE plating layer, the adhesion strength becomes higher than when the Ni / PTFE plating is directly processed on the cage. )

  The surface roughness of the Ni / PTFE plating layer may be Ra 0.7 μm or less. “Ra” is the center line average roughness Ra defined by Japanese Industrial Standards. When the surface roughness of the Ni · PTFE plating layer exceeds Ra 0.7 μm, the wear amount of the plating itself tends to increase. This is because the unevenness of the roughness itself is higher and the surface roughness is easier to wear. In other words, by setting the surface roughness of the Ni / PTFE plating layer to Ra 0.7 μm or less, it becomes possible to reduce the unevenness of the roughness itself and to reduce the wear amount of the plating itself. .

Instead of applying a base plating layer to the entire surface of the cage, a base plating layer is applied to one or both of the outer diameter surface and the width surface of the cage, and the base plating layer of the outer diameter surface and the width surface is provided. A Ni · PTFE plating layer containing nickel and PTFE may be applied to the applied surface.
When the cages of caged rollers are arranged so that they are in contact with each other across the width, wear due to relative contact between the cages is reduced by the base plating layer and Ni / PTFE plating layer on the width side of the cage, resulting in a long service life. And can.

  A roller bearing with a cage according to the present invention includes any one of the above rollers with a cage and a bearing ring on which the plurality of rollers roll.

The cage of the present invention includes a plurality of rollers and ring-shaped cages having pockets respectively holding the rollers at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction, and is lubricated with engine oil in a 4-cycle engine. a retainer in cage roller portion used for crankshaft supporting bearing or connecting rod large end bearing, or the supporting bearing for transmission, the cage entire surface, subjected to the lower land plating layer is a nickel plating layer The nickel plating layer in which the PTFE particles are dispersed during nickel plating is applied to the surface of the base plating layer, and the composition in the vicinity of both the nickel plating layer and the nickel / PTFE plating layer is changed. wherein the plating layer is adhered to the interface between the Ni · PTFE plated layer, and the surface hardness of the previous SL retainer, said Ni · PTFE menu The hardness difference between the plating hardness of the key layer is obtained by a Hv200 or less.

An engine crankshaft support bearing using any one of the rollers with cages may be applied.
An engine connecting rod large end bearing using any one of the rollers with cages may be applied.
You may apply the support bearing for transmissions using the roller with either of the said cages.

The roller with cage according to the present invention comprises a plurality of rollers and ring-shaped cages having pockets respectively holding the rollers at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction, and is lubricated with engine oil in a 4-cycle engine. crankshaft supporting bearing is or connecting rod large end bearing or the roller and cage assembly for use in supporting a bearing for the transmission, on the entire surface of the retainer is subjected to lower land plating layer is a nickel plating layer, The surface of the base plating layer is provided with a Ni / PTFE plating layer in which PTFE particles are dispersed during nickel plating, and the composition in the vicinity of both the nickel plating layer and the Ni / PTFE plating layer is changed. are brought into close contact with the interface between the the layer Ni · PTFE plated layer, and the surface hardness of the previous SL retainer, said Ni · PTFE Since the hardness difference between the plating layer and the plating hardness is set to Hv 200 or less, it is possible to prevent the cage from being worn and excessively heated without being affected by the additives contained in the oil used, Adhesion with the material can be improved.

(A) is a cross-sectional view of a roller with cage according to an embodiment of the present invention, (B) is a plan view of the cage, (C) is Ni / PTFE plating on the surface of a base material via a base plating layer. It is principal part sectional drawing which provided the layer. It is a figure showing the relationship between operation time and the amount of plating wear. It is principal part sectional drawing which shows the example which disperse | distributed PTFE particle | grains during nickel plating. (A) is a figure explaining the method of the Sabang test which performs comparative evaluation of the amount of wear, (B) is a figure showing the relationship between the amount of PTFE, the amount of wear, and a friction coefficient. It is a figure showing the relationship between the surface roughness and wear amount of a Ni * PTFE plating layer. It is a figure showing the relationship between the plating hardness after quenching of a Ni * PTFE plating layer, and the amount of wear. It is a figure showing the relationship between immersion time and the amount of detected elements. It is sectional drawing of the roller with a retainer which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. (A) Sectional drawing of the roller with a retainer which concerns on other embodiment of this invention, (B) is a principal part top view of the retainer. (A) Sectional drawing of the roller with a retainer which concerns on other embodiment of this invention, (B) is principal part sectional drawing which shows the example which made PTFE non-dispersion. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a roller bearing with a cage according to an embodiment of the present invention. (A) Sectional drawing of the roller with a retainer which concerns on other embodiment of this invention, (B) is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG. 12 (A). It is principal part sectional drawing of the support bearing for crankshafts of an engine using the roller with a holder | retainer which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is principal part sectional drawing of the bearing for connecting rod big ends of the engine using the roller with the said holder | retainer. It is principal part sectional drawing of the support bearing for transmissions using the roller with the said holder | retainer.

A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The roller with cage according to the embodiment of the present invention is used in, for example, a support structure for a crankshaft and a connecting rod support structure for a four-wheeled vehicle, a two-wheeled vehicle, and a general-purpose engine. However, the present invention is not limited to the crankshaft support structure and the connecting rod support structure.
As shown in FIG. 1A, the roller with cage 50 includes a plurality of rollers 1 and a cage 2. There is no inner ring, and the roller 1 is in rolling contact with the outer peripheral surface of the shaft supported by the roller 50 with cage. For example, a needle roller is used as the roller 1, and the end surface 1a of the roller 1 is a flat surface. As shown in FIGS. 1 (A) and 1 (B), the cage 2 has a ring shape having pockets 3 for holding the rollers 1 at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction. The retainer 2 is provided with a Ni / PTFE plating layer 5 (described later) through a base plating layer 4 described later.

  The cage 2 is made of a press-formed product of a thin steel plate, for example. The cage 2 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape having a pair of flange portions 6, 6 that are annular portions bent toward the inner diameter side at both ends, and the central portion in the axial direction of the peripheral wall has a small diameter portion 7 inward in the radial direction. It is squeezed as. The cage 2 has a plurality of circumferential column portions 8 that connect the pair of flange portions 6 and 6, and the space between the adjacent column portions 8 and 8 is the pocket 3. The cage 2 may have an annular portion such as a flat shape instead of the flange portions 6 and 6. As shown in FIG. 1 (B), on the peripheral edge of the opening of the pocket 3 in the column portion 8, a drop preventing protrusion 9 is formed in the small diameter portion 7 in the center in the axial direction, and the large diameter portions at both ends in the axial direction. Falling prevention protrusions 10 and 10 are formed. An inclined edge 11 that guides the roller 1 in the circumferential direction between the protruding edges 9 and 10 at the opening edge of the pocket 3 in the column portion 8, from the radially outer side toward the central portion in the axial direction. An inclining edge 11 that is inclined inward is formed. The rollers 1 are prevented from slipping in and out by the falling-off preventing protrusions 9 and 10 and guided in the circumferential direction by the inclined edges 11.

The Ni / PTFE plating layer 5 will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1C, a base plating layer 4 is applied to the entire surface of the cage 2, and a Ni / PTFE plating layer 5 containing nickel and PTFE is provided on the surface of the base plating layer 4. Has been given. The base plating layer 4 is a nickel plating layer. The surface to be plated is the entire surface of the cage surface, and includes the width surface, inner diameter surface, and pocket of the cage.
The film thickness δ1 of the nickel plating layer is, for example, 3 ± 2 μm, and the film thickness δ2 of the Ni · PTFE plating layer 5 is, for example, 7 μm or more and 17 μm or less. However, the thickness δ1 of the nickel plating layer is not limited to 3 ± 2 μm. The total film thickness δa of the nickel plating layer and the Ni · PTFE plating layer 5 is 8 μm or more and 22 μm or less.

The reason for setting the total film thickness δa to 8 μm or more and 22 μm or less will be described.
Using actual rollers with cages (inner diameter 28 mm × outer diameter 34 mm × width 17 mm), the amount of wear of various plating layers was compared with the same crank motion motion as the actual machine, and the total film thickness was determined. As shown in FIG. 2, it was found from the results that the nickel plating layer and the Ni · PTFE plating layer 5 of the present invention stopped in the initial wear in the initial tens of hours and did not progress thereafter. Further, since the wear amount was 7 μm, the thinnest film thickness (lower limit) of the Ni / PTFE plating layer 5 was set to 7 μm.

As shown in FIG. 3, PTFE in the Ni / PTFE plating layer 5 is obtained by dispersing and co-depositing PTFE fine particles (indicated by black dots in the figure) in a base material mainly composed of nickel. The amount of PTFE of the Ni · PTFE plating layer 5 is defined as 20 vol% or more and 35 vol% or less.
The determination of the PTFE amount will be described.
In order to determine the optimum value of the PTFE amount of the Ni · PTFE plating layer 5, the friction coefficient was measured by a Sabang test. The Sabang test is a test for comparative evaluation of the amount of wear. For example, as shown in FIG. 4 (A), the Sabang test machine SM includes a test piece mounting portion 19 for attaching the test piece m1, and a rotating portion 20 for rotating the test piece m1 attached to the test piece mounting portion 19. The test piece m1 attached to the test piece attachment portion 19 has a load load portion 21 for applying a constant load. The load load unit 21 applies a predetermined load to the test piece m 1 by an urging means such as a spring, and the load amount is measured by the load cell 22. For example, steel for machine structural use such as Japanese Industrial Standard SCM415 is applied as the mating member 23 to be brought into sliding contact with the test piece m1 in the load applying portion 21. However, it is not limited to SCM415. A felt pad 24 is provided inside the test piece mounting portion 19, and the felt pad 24 is brought into contact with the peripheral surface of the test piece m 1, and the test piece m 1 is rotated by the rotating portion 20, whereby felt pad refueling is performed. Is called. The amount of wear can be measured by attaching the test piece m1 to the test piece attachment portion 19, rotating the rotating portion 20 while applying a load to the test piece m1, and sliding the test piece m1 in sliding contact with the mating member 23.
The test conditions are as follows.
Sliding speed: 0.05 m / s, 5.0 m / s
Surface pressure: 0.5GPa
Time: 30 min (5.0 m / s), 60 min (0.05 m / s)
Lubricant: Mobile Velocity No. 3 (VG2)
As a result, as shown in FIG. 4B, it was found that the friction coefficient decreases as the amount of PTFE increases in the Ni · PTFE plating layer 5.

Next, similarly to the wear amount comparison test in which the total film thickness δa was determined, a wear amount comparison was performed based on the difference in PTFE amount. As a result, as shown in FIG. 4B, when the amount of PTFE is small, the friction coefficient is high, the sliding characteristics are inferior, and the amount of plating wear tends to be large. In particular, when the amount of PTFE is less than 20 vol%, wear becomes significant. On the contrary, when the amount of PTFE is too large, the hardness after heat treatment is low, so that the amount of wear tends to increase. Further, when a large amount of PTFE is contained, the cost increases. In FIG. 4B, “10-20 vol” on the horizontal axis representing the amount of PTFE indicates more than 10 vol% and less than 20 vol%. “20 to 35 vol” indicates 20 vol% or more and 35 vol% or less, and “35 to 40 vol” indicates more than 35 vol% and 40 vol% or less.
From the result of the comparison of the friction coefficient and the wear amount, it has been found that there is an optimum region for the PTFE amount. In the embodiment of the present invention, the PTFE amount of the Ni · PTFE plating layer 5 is defined as 20 vol% or more and 35 vol% or less from the result of comparison of the friction coefficient and the wear amount. By defining the PTFE amount in this way, the friction coefficient is low, the sliding property is excellent, and the plating wear amount can be reduced. Further, it becomes possible to reduce the manufacturing cost.

Ｎｉ・ＰＴＦＥメッキ層５の表面粗さにより、メッキ自体の摩耗量が変化するかどうかを確認するため、膜厚評価を行った上記保持器付きころ及び上記試験条件で、摩耗比較評価を実施した。その結果、図５に示すように、表面粗さがＲａ０．７μｍを超えると、摩耗量が増加する傾向にある。これは、粗さ自身の凹凸の凸部が高く表面粗さが粗い方が摩耗しやすい結果であった。 The standard value of the surface roughness of the Ni / PTFE plating layer 5 will be described.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the surface roughness of the Ni · PTFE plating layer 5 is set to Ra 0.7 μm or less.
“Ra” is a center line average roughness Ra defined by Japanese Industrial Standards, and is measured according to the standard of JIS 0601-1976 surface roughness. The centerline average roughness is obtained by extracting a portion of the measurement length L from the roughness curve in the direction of the centerline, setting the centerline of this extraction as the X axis, the direction of the vertical magnification as the Y axis, and the roughness curve as y. When expressed by = f (x), the value of Ra given by the following equation is expressed in units of micrometers.

In order to confirm whether or not the wear amount of the plating itself changes depending on the surface roughness of the Ni / PTFE plating layer 5, the wear comparison evaluation was performed using the roller with cage and the test conditions for which the film thickness was evaluated. . As a result, as shown in FIG. 5, when the surface roughness exceeds Ra 0.7 μm, the amount of wear tends to increase. This is a result that the roughness of the roughness itself is higher and the surface roughness is easier to wear.

The hardness of the Ni / PTFE plating layer 5 will be described.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the Ni · PTFE plating layer 5 is cured by heat treatment, and the plating hardness of the Ni · PTFE plating layer 5 after heat treatment is set to Hv400 or more and Hv700 or less.
In order to determine the optimum value of the plating hardness of the Ni / PTFE plating layer 5, wear comparison was performed under the same test conditions using the same roller with cage as when the total film thickness δa was determined. The plating hardness of Hv400 or more and Hv700 or less is a value determined by the PTFE content and the quenching temperature. Therefore, the test sample was manufactured by changing the quenching temperature while keeping the PTFE amount constant.
As shown in FIG. 6, from this result, if the plating hardness after quenching of the Ni · PTFE plating layer 5 is Hv400 or more and Hv700 or less, the difference in wear amount is within 0.001 mm, and the difference is not recognized. there were. When the plating hardness after quenching of the Ni / PTFE plating layer is less than Hv400, the amount of wear increases. If it exceeds Hv700, the hardness is too high and the plating layer may crack.

The hardness difference between the Ni / PTFE plating layer 5 and the cage 2 will be described.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the cage 2 is subjected to carburizing, quenching and tempering, and the surface hardness is in the range of Hv450 to Hv700, and the hardness difference between the surface hardness and the plating hardness of the Ni · PTFE plating layer 5 is determined. Hv is 200 or less.
Bearings used in the connecting rod large end portion of the engine and the planetary mechanism portion of the transmission are swung, so that the cage 2 rotates while causing an elliptical motion. Therefore, if the plating does not follow the elliptical deformation of the cage 2, cracking or peeling occurs in the plating. The deformation of the cage 2 is affected by the rigidity of the cage 2 and changes depending on the hardness if the shape and material are the same. Therefore, the influence of cage hardness and plating hardness was confirmed. The confirmation method is to make a sample with the cage hardness and plating hardness up and down, load the cage 2 with a static load, and give the amount of deformation within the elastic deformation (cage deformation 0.5 mm) 10,000 times. After that, the plating layer was visually checked for abnormalities. As a result, as shown in Table 1, when the hardness difference between the surface hardness of the cage and the plating hardness of the Ni / PTFE plating layer 5 was Hv 200 or less, no cracking or peeling was observed in the plating.

The dissolution of the surface treatment will be described.
It was confirmed by an immersion test that the metal component of the Ni / PTFE plating layer 5 according to the embodiment of the present invention does not dissolve under the high temperature condition of the 4-cycle engine oil. As shown in FIG. 7, in the conventional copper / silver plating, a large amount of element is detected from the oil along with the immersion time. On the other hand, the elements related to the Ni / PTFE plating layer 5 and the base plating layer 4 were not detected even when 200 hours passed in the embodiment.

The adhesion of the plating depending on the presence or absence of the ground treatment will be described.
In the embodiment of the present invention, nickel plating was applied as a base treatment. The adhesion force due to the presence or absence of the base plating was compared using the actual roller with cage (inner diameter 28 mm × outer diameter 34 mm × width 17 mm) with the same crank motion motion as the actual machine. As a result, as shown in Table 2, in the conventional product in which the base was not plated with nickel, the wear and peeling of the plating were recognized after the test. On the other hand, in the embodiment subjected to the ground treatment, slight abrasion was observed after the test, but no peeling was observed. From this, it was found that the base treatment is necessary for improving the adhesion of the plating.

According to the roller 50 with cage described above, the base plating layer 4 is applied to the cage 2, and the Ni / PTFE plating layer 5 is further applied to the surface of the base plating layer 4. Since nickel has a property that it is difficult to dissolve in the additive (it is difficult to react), nickel or the like in the Ni / PTFE plating layer 5 can be prevented from being dissolved into the engine oil. Further, by providing the base plating layer 4 between the Ni / PTFE plating layer 5 and the base material (retainer), the adhesion strength between the base material and the Ni / PTFE plating layer 5 is improved, and plating peeling is prevented. (Since plating is obtained by bonding between metals, adhesion is improved by bonding between metals having similar compositions).
Furthermore, the self-lubricating action of PTFE in the Ni / PTFE plating layer 5 reduces the friction coefficient of plating and improves the wear resistance.
Accordingly, the self-lubricating performance of the Ni / PTFE plating layer 5 can prevent wear.

Since the nickel plating layer as the base plating layer 4 and the Ni / PTFE plating layer 5 contain a common composition, that is, nickel, the composition in the vicinity of both layers gradually changes, and the nickel plating layer and the Ni / PTFE plating layer 5 Can be brought into close contact with no gap. Therefore, the adhesiveness is excellent over the base material, the nickel plating layer, and the Ni / PTFE plating layer 5. As described above, the adhesion is improved because the bonding between the metals is strengthened by providing a plating having a similar composition between them.
Further, by setting the surface roughness of the Ni / PTFE plating layer 5 to Ra 0.7 μm or less, it is possible to reduce the unevenness of the roughness itself and to reduce the wear amount of the plating itself.

  Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the following description, the same reference numerals are given to portions corresponding to the matters described in the preceding forms in each embodiment, and overlapping description may be omitted. When only a part of the configuration is described, the other parts of the configuration are the same as those described in the preceding section. Not only the combination of the parts specifically described in each embodiment, but also the embodiments can be partially combined as long as the combination does not hinder.

In the roller with cage 50A shown in FIG. 8, when the cage 2 is arranged so as to contact with each other at the width surface 2h, the cage 2 is held by the base plating layer 4 and the Ni / PTFE plating layer 5 on the width surface 2h. The wear due to the relative contact of the vessel 2 can be reduced and the life can be extended. Other effects similar to those of the cage 2 of FIG.
When the base plating layer 4 and the Ni / PTFE plating layer 5 are applied to the entire cage, the plating layer is attached to the roller guide surface of the cage pocket 3, so that the wear of the roller 1 can be reduced and the number of steps of the entire plating operation can be reduced. Reduction can be achieved.

The cage 2A of the roller with cage 50B shown in FIG. 9 is integrally formed with guide protrusions 12 that project substantially perpendicularly toward the inner diameter side and guide the end surface 1a of the roller 1 at both ends in the axial direction of the pocket 3 on the peripheral wall. doing. Since the roller end face 1a is guided by the guide projection piece 12, the guide face 12a of the roller end face 1a by the cage 2A extends to the inner diameter side or shifts to the inner diameter side. Therefore, the roller end surface 1a is supported without being detached from the guide surface 12a toward the inner diameter side until the inclination angle of the roller 1 becomes relatively large. Since the guide protrusion 12 is provided at the end of the pocket 3, the roller end surface 1a can be prevented from coming off by the guide protrusion 12 regardless of the roller length with respect to the width of the cage 2A.
The base plating layer 4 is applied to the entire surface of the cage 2 </ b> A, and the above-described Ni / PTFE plating layer 5 is applied to the surface of the base plating layer 4. Since the base plating layer 4 is also applied to the guide surface 12a of the guide protrusion 12, and the Ni / PTFE plating layer 5 is applied to the surface of the base plating layer 4 of the guide surface 12a, the roller end surface 1a Wear reduction can be achieved.

  The cage 2B of the roller with cage 50C shown in FIG. 10 is obtained by applying a nickel plating layer as the base plating layer 4 to the entire surface and combining PTFE 13 with the nickel plating surface layer. According to the present embodiment, it is possible to obtain the same effect as that of each of the above-described embodiments with a smaller amount of PTFE than that in which the PTFE of FIG. 3 is uniformly dispersed. Thus, the amount of PTFE can be reduced, so that the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

  FIG. 11 shows a roller bearing with a cage according to an embodiment of the present invention. This roller bearing with cage is composed of the roller with cage 50 (50A, 50B, 50C) having any one of the above-described configurations and the race ring 14 to which the plurality of rollers 1 are in rolling contact. In this example, the outer ring is used as the race ring 14. The roller bearing with a cage may be configured to include one or both of the outer ring and the inner ring (or shaft Sh).

  A roller with cage 50 </ b> D in FIG. 12 includes a plurality of rollers 1 and first and second cages 2 </ b> C and 15. FIG. 12A is a cross-sectional view of the roller with cage cut along a plane including the axis L1. FIG. 12B is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. The first cage 2C has the same configuration as the cage 2 of the first embodiment described above with reference to FIGS. A base plating layer 4 and a Ni / PTFE plating layer 5 are applied to the entire surface of the first cage 2C. The second retainer 15 is a ring-shaped member having a flat surface, and a pocket 15a for retaining the roller 1 is formed. The entire surface of the second cage 15 is provided with a base plating layer 4 and a Ni / PTFE plating layer 5. The second cage 15 is disposed on the inner peripheral surface of the flange portion 6 of the first cage 2C via a radial gap.

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of a crankshaft support bearing and the like. This bearing is a support bearing for the crankshaft 16 of the engine using any one of the rollers with cages 50 (50A to 50D, "50 etc."). The device of this example includes two rollers 50 with retainers provided so as to be eccentric with each other. Each roller with retainer 50 or the like is disposed on the outer periphery of two adjacent eccentric shaft portions 16a and 16b provided on the crankshaft 16, and supports the two movable members Kb.
FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of a connecting rod large end bearing for an engine using rollers with cages. Any one of the rollers with cage 50 according to the present invention is applied to the support bearings 16BR and 16BR for the crankshaft 16, the bearing of the connecting portion 17 between the connecting rod CR and the crankshaft 16, that is, the connecting rod large end bearing.
FIG. 15: is principal part sectional drawing of the support bearing for transmissions using the roller with the said holder | retainer. In the example of the transmission 18, two planetary gear devices 18A and 18B are provided so that rotation is sequentially transmitted. In each planetary gear unit 18A (18B), a planetary gear UG is provided on the support shaft Sh via a roller 50 with a cage.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Roller 2, 2A, 2B ... Cage 3 ... Pocket 4 ... Base plating layer 5 ... Ni * PTFE plating layer 13 ... PTFE plating layer 14 ... Outer ring

Claims (8)

A crankshaft support bearing lubricated with engine oil in a four-cycle engine, comprising a plurality of rollers and ring-shaped cages having pockets respectively holding the rollers at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction; or In rollers with cages used for connecting rod large end bearings or support bearings for transmissions,
The entire surface of the retainer is subjected to lower land plating layer is a nickel plating layer on the surface of the primary plating layer is subjected to Ni · PTFE plated layer PTFE particles are dispersed in the nickel plating, these nickel plated changing the composition of the vicinity of both layers of the layer and Ni · PTFE plated layer, wherein are brought into close contact with the interface between the nickel plating layer and the Ni · PTFE plated layer, and the surface hardness of the previous SL retainer, said Ni · PTFE plated layer Roller with cage whose hardness difference from the plating hardness of Hv is 200 or less. The roller with a retainer according to claim 1 , wherein a surface roughness of the Ni · PTFE plating layer is Ra 0.7 μm or less. In Claim 1 or Claim 2 , instead of applying a base plating layer to the entire surface of the cage, a base plating layer is applied to one or both of the outer diameter surface and the width surface of the cage, and these outer diameters are applied. A roller with a cage, wherein the Ni / PTFE plating layer is applied to the surface of the surface and the width surface on which the base plating layer is applied. A roller bearing with a cage, comprising: the roller with a cage according to any one of claims 1 to 3 ; and a bearing ring to which the plurality of rollers are in rolling contact. A crankshaft support bearing lubricated with engine oil in a four-cycle engine, comprising a plurality of rollers and ring-shaped cages having pockets respectively holding the rollers at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction; or a retainer in the connecting rod large end bearing or with cage roller portion used for supporting bearings for transmission, the entire surface of the retainer is subjected to lower land plating layer is a nickel plating layer, the undercoat plating layer A nickel / PTFE plating layer in which PTFE particles are dispersed during nickel plating is applied to the surface of the nickel plating layer, and the composition in the vicinity of both the nickel plating layer and the nickel / PTFE plating layer is changed. - it is brought into close contact with the interface between the PTFE plated layer, and the surface hardness of the previous SL cage, plating of the Ni-PTFE-plating layer Retainer was Hv200 or less hardness difference between degrees. The support bearing for crankshafts of an engine using the roller with a retainer of any one of Claim 1 thru | or 3 . A bearing for a connecting rod large end of an engine using the roller with a cage according to any one of claims 1 to 3 . The support bearing for transmissions using the roller with a retainer of any one of Claim 1 thru | or 3 .

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