JP2011037663A - Fertilizer containing poultry manure and production method for the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide processed poultry manure as a fertilizer intended for the effective use of poultry manure. <P>SOLUTION: The fertilizer containing poultry manure is formed by coating the outer surface of granular fermented chicken manure 1 which is processed poultry manure, with an inorganic fertilizer component 3. As the method of coating, there are a method of powder coating the outer surface of fermented chicken manure with a powdery inorganic fertilizer component, a method of immersing fermented chicken manure into a liquid inorganic fertilizer component and drying, and a method of spraying the outer surface of fermented chicken manure with a liquid inorganic fertilizer component and drying, and etc. If the inorganic fertilizer component is dissolved into liquid sugar or liquid honey having a relatively high viscosity and then attached to the outer surface of the fermented chicken manure 1, the outer surface of the fermented chicken manure 1 is coated with a liquid containing the inorganic fertilizer component. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a poultry manure-containing fertilizer manufactured using fertilizer made from poultry manure as a raw material and a method for producing the same.

In Japan, where most fertilizer raw materials depend on imports from overseas, it is strongly affected by rising raw material prices. In particular, potassium resources and phosphate resources are in high demand worldwide, and considering such a global situation, it is necessary to review domestic potassium resources and phosphate resources.
In Japan, approximately 1-1.5 egg hens and 1 broiler are raised per capita, and according to a survey conducted by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries in 2007, the number of egg hens raised was 18,000. It is reported that the number of breeds including broilers is about 300 million. Dried chicken manure and fermented chicken manure produced by drying and fermenting feces (chicken manure) generated from such a large number of chickens have been distributed as fertilizers in Japan. It is difficult to handle and is not 100% effective. In addition, dried chicken manure and fermented chicken manure are slow to moderately effective and have a slower fertilization effect than inorganic fertilizers. Such a situation is the same for domestic poultry manure other than chicken manure.

JP 2003-238277 A

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is to reduce the odor of fertilizer made from poultry manure as well as to accelerate the effect of fertilizer and to make the ingredients uniform, and to improve the uniformity of the ingredients It is providing the manufacturing method of a containing fertilizer.

The poultry manure-containing fertilizer according to the present invention made to solve the above problems,
It is characterized by adhering an inorganic fertilizer component to granular fertilizer made from poultry manure.
Here, “attaching inorganic fertilizer components” means a state where powdered inorganic fertilizer components adhere to the outer surface of granular fertilizer made from poultry manure, or a state where liquid inorganic fertilizer components are impregnated Etc. Alternatively, the inorganic fertilizer component may be dissolved in a relatively viscous liquid such as liquid sugar or liquid honey to coat the outer surface of the granular fertilizer.

In this case, it is preferable that the granular fertilizer made from the poultry manure is a granular processed poultry manure.
As the processed poultry manure fertilizer, it is particularly preferable to be fermented chicken manure, and more preferably, the protein contained therein is reduced in molecular weight by fermentation.

It is preferable that the inorganic fertilizer component supplements a fertilizer component having a low content in the processed poultry manure fertilizer.
Moreover, when the inorganic fertilizer component is adhered after the pH adjuster is adhered to the outer surface of the processed poultry manure fertilizer, the reaction between the processed poultry manure fertilizer and the inorganic fertilizer component can be suppressed.

  The method for producing the poultry manure-containing fertilizer of the present invention is characterized in that the granular processed poultry manure fertilizer is immersed in a liquid containing an inorganic fertilizer component, pulled up, and then dried.

  Moreover, the manufacturing method of the poultry manure containing fertilizer of this invention sprays the liquid containing an inorganic type fertilizer component on the outer surface of a granular processed poultry manure fertilizer, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

  Furthermore, the method for producing the poultry manure-containing fertilizer of the present invention is characterized in that powdered inorganic fertilizer components are powdered on the outer surface of the granular processed poultry manure fertilizer.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to adjust the fertilizer component by adjusting the amount and composition of the inorganic fertilizer component to be attached to the granular fertilizer made from poultry manure such as processed poultry manure fertilizer, especially the three major fertilizer components It is possible to provide a poultry manure-containing fertilizer having a balanced composition of nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potassium. Moreover, if the outer surface of the granular fertilizer made from poultry manure is covered with an inorganic fertilizer component, the odor peculiar to the fertilizer made from poultry manure can be reduced. Furthermore, the speed of fertilization can be adjusted by combining a fast-acting inorganic fertilizer component with a slow-acting to medium-efficiency processed poultry manure. Furthermore, since the poultry manure-containing fertilizer was formed simply by attaching the inorganic fertilizer component to the granular processed poultry manure fertilizer, the production cost of the poultry manure-containing fertilizer can be reduced.

Explanatory drawing of the fermented chicken manure which is one Example of this invention. Explanatory drawing of another fermented chicken manure. The table | surface which shows the content component etc. of the processed poultry manure fertilizer manufactured by making other fertilizer components adsorb | suck to fermented chicken manure.

  The present invention supplements the fertilizer component originally contained in the poultry manure by adhering the inorganic fertilizer component to the granular fertilizer made from the poultry manure, and the poultry manure-containing fertilizer having a good component balance for the target crop The purpose is to provide. Moreover, since the fertilizer which uses poultry manure as a raw material is slow-effect | moderate effect, the speed of fertilization effect can be adjusted by making a fast-acting inorganic fertilizer component adhere.

  Among fertilizers made from poultry manure, processed poultry manure fertilizer is registered as an ordinary fertilizer, and unlike other fertilizers such as chicken manure compost, which is prohibited by the Fertilizer Control Law, mixing with ordinary fertilizer is prohibited. Can be freely mixed with fertilizer. Therefore, if processed poultry manure is used as a granular fertilizer made from poultry manure, it can be freely blended with inorganic ordinary fertilizer. In addition, as a fertilizer combined with a processing house kinfu fertilizer, it is not restricted to an inorganic type normal fertilizer. For example, all materials registered as normal fertilizers can be combined with the processed household fertilizer. Moreover, if it is a quick-acting fertilizer whose fertilization effect is quicker than a processed-house pea manure fertilizer, the fertilizer effect of a processed-house pea manure fertilizer can be adjusted by combining.

Processed chicken poultry manure is fertilizer prepared by processing poultry manure such as chicken and quail. Processed chicken poultry fertilizer is positioned as ordinary fertilizer by the Fertilizer Control Law, (1) Heated dried poultry manure mixed with sulfuric acid, etc. (2) Heated poultry manure dried after pressure steaming There are four types: (3) hot air dried and pulverized poultry manure, and (4) fermented and dried poultry manure.
The fertilizer components of processed poultry manure are standardized to guarantee a total nitrogen content of 2.5% or higher, a total phosphoric acid content of 2.5% or higher, and a total potassium content (Kari) of 1.0% or higher. In addition, these processed fertilizer fertilizers contain magnesium (matter), calcium and the like in addition to these fertilizer components. As described above, processed poultry manure fertilizer contains many kinds of fertilizer components, but it cannot always be said that the component balance is good for all plants.

  Although processed poultry manure fertilizer is generally alkaline, the pH of poultry manure-containing fertilizer can be adjusted to near neutral by making the inorganic fertilizer component to be attached acidic. Furthermore, in order to suppress an unnecessary reaction with the inorganic fertilizer component to be adhered, it is preferable to adjust the pH of the outer surface of the processed poultry manure in advance. Furthermore, if the outer surface of the processed domestic manure fertilizer is coated with an inorganic fertilizer component, the odor generated from the processed domestic manure fertilizer can be contained.

  Of the processed poultry manure fertilizer, fermented chicken manure is often granulated during the production process, and is suitable as a raw material for the poultry manure-containing fertilizer according to the present invention. That is, when fermented chicken manure is used, the step of forming into a granule becomes unnecessary, and thus the production cost of the poultry manure-containing fertilizer can be reduced.

The method for producing the poultry manure-containing fertilizer of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. Here, an example in which granular fermented chicken manure is used as a raw material for processed poultry manure fertilizer will be described.
In the poultry manure-containing fertilizer shown in FIG. 1, the outer surface of granular fermented chicken manure 1 is coated with an inorganic ordinary fertilizer component 3. As a coating method, a powdered inorganic ordinary fertilizer component is powdered on the outer surface of fermented chicken manure, a method of immersing fermented chicken manure in a liquid inorganic fertilizer component and drying, and a liquid inorganic fertilizer component There are methods such as spraying and drying on the outer surface of fermented chicken manure. When inorganic fertilizer components are dissolved in a relatively viscous liquid such as liquid sugar or liquid honey and fermented chicken manure is immersed in this solution, or the solution is sprayed on the outer surface of the fermented chicken manure, the inorganic system contained in the solution Many of the fertilizer components can be coated on the outer surface of the fermented chicken manure. On the other hand, when the inorganic fertilizer component is dissolved in a relatively low viscosity liquid, most of the inorganic fertilizer component soaks into the fermented chicken manure. Therefore, by adjusting the viscosity of the inorganic fertilizer component solution, the ratio of the inorganic fertilizer component adhering to the outer surface of the fermented chicken manure and the inorganic fertilizer component that soaks into the interior can be adjusted.

  The poultry manure-containing fertilizer shown in FIG. 2 is formed by coating the outer surface of granular fermented chicken manure 1 with pH adjusting solution 5 and then coating inorganic fertilizer component 3 on the outer surface. Examples of the pH adjusting solution 5 include acid acids such as pyroligneous acid, acetic acid, lactic acid, formic acid, citric acid, oxalic acid, malic acid, oxalic acid, phytic acid, and other organic acids, and inorganic acids such as sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, and phosphoric acid. A liquid can be used. Because fermented chicken manure is alkaline, it is acidic, such as wood vinegar, organic acids such as acetic acid, lactic acid, formic acid, citric acid, oxalic acid, malic acid, oxalic acid, and phytic acid, and inorganic acids such as sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, and phosphoric acid. By coating the liquid, the outer surface of the fermented chicken manure 1 is prepared in the vicinity of neutrality, and the chemical reaction between the inorganic fertilizer component 3 and the fermented chicken manure 1 as the next coating material can be suppressed. As with the inorganic fertilizer component 3, the method of coating the pH adjusting solution 5 includes a method of immersing the fermented chicken manure 1 in the pH adjusting solution 5, a method of spraying the pH adjusting solution 5 on the outer surface of the fermented chicken manure 1 and the like.

Next, the raw material of the poultry manure containing fertilizer of this invention is demonstrated.
[Fermented chicken manure]
As fermented chicken manure, a nitrogen source (protein) that has been fully ripened and reduced in molecular weight as much as possible, and one that is concentrated in phosphoric acid and potassium is used. Such fermented chicken manure is obtained by fermenting chicken manure using microorganisms such as Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Proteins contained in chicken manure are finely decomposed by microorganisms and become proteinaceous substances with various molecular weights. The microorganism used for fermentation may be either an anaerobic microorganism or an aerobic microorganism as long as it has proteolytic ability.
When adjusting the pH of fermented chicken manure, lactic acid fermentation and lactic acid treatment are further performed. By adjusting the pH, the reaction between the fermented chicken manure and the fertilizer component attached thereto can be suppressed.

  Under the Fertilizer Control Law, fermented chicken manure with 2.5% or more of total nitrogen, 2.5% or more of total phosphoric acid, and 1.0% or more of total potassium (Kari) is regarded as a normal fertilizer. On the other hand, fermented chicken manure in which the content of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium (Kari) does not satisfy the above standards is regarded as a special fertilizer. Under the Fertilizer Control Law, it is permitted to mix ordinary fertilizers, but it is prohibited to mix fertilizers other than ordinary fertilizers (for example, special fertilizers) into ordinary fertilizers. Considering such restrictions on the fertilizer control law, it is desirable that the fermented chicken manure used as the raw material for the poultry manure-containing fertilizer of the present invention is a fermented chicken manure registered as a normal fertilizer. It does not matter.

[Adherent fertilizer ingredients]
Fermented chicken manure, which is an organic fertilizer, has a slow-to-medium effect, so that the fertilizer has a slow to slow effect by covering the outer surface of the fermented chicken manure with a fast-acting inorganic fertilizer (chemical fertilizer). Can be made. Therefore, it is preferable to use an inorganic fertilizer component as a fertilizer component to be adhered. However, it is possible to use not only inorganic fertilizers but also various fertilizers such as organic fertilizers as the fertilizer components to be attached. Listed below are various fertilizers that can be used as fertilizer components to be attached. The following fertilizers are all registered as ordinary fertilizers and are relatively easy to obtain.

(1) Nitrogenous fertilizer Ammonium sulfate, ammonia hydrochloride, ammonia nitrate, sodium nitrate, lime nitrate, humic acid ammonia fertilizer, urea, lime nitrogen, ammonium nitrate lime, ammonium nitrate nitrate, nitrate bitter fertilizer, acetaldehyde by-product nitrogen fertilizer, Mixed nitrogen fertilizer, etc. (2) Phosphate fertilizer Superphosphate lime, heavy superphosphate lime, molten phosphorus fertilizer, humic acid phosphorus fertilizer, calcined phosphorous fertilizer, heavy calcined phosphorus, Linster, bitter clay superphosphate, phosphorus Ammonium phosphate, potassium phosphate, mixed phosphate fertilizer, by-product phosphate fertilizer, superphosphate, polyphosphate, etc. (3) Potassium fertilizer Sulfuric acid potassium, chlorinated potassium, sulfuric acid potassium clay, potassium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate, humus Potassium acid, Potassium silicate, Liquid potassium silicate fertilizer, Crude potash salt, Processed bitter potash, By-product potassium fertilizer, Mixed potassium fertilizer, Ash etc.

(4) Organic fertilizer Fish meal powder, dried fish fertilizer powder, fish boiled fish, crustacean fertilizer powder, steamed fish scale and its powder, meat meal powder, meat bone powder, steamed corn powder, steamed corn bone powder, steamed hair Flour, dry blood and its powder, raw bone powder, steamed bone powder, steamed chicken bone powder, dried rice powder, rice bran oil powder and its powder, silk spinning waste, corn germ and powder thereof, soybean oil powder and its powder, rapeseed oil residue And powder thereof, cottonseed meal and powder thereof, peanut oil meal and powder thereof, bean oil meal and powder thereof, sesame oil meal and powder thereof, castor oil meal and powder thereof, rice bran oil meal and powder thereof, and other herbaceous vegetable oils Flour and powder, kapok oil and powder, corn germ oil and powder, tobacco waste fertilizer powder, licorice powder, tofu powder dry fertilizer, enju powder and nitrogen Guano, corn soaked fertilizer, fish waste processing fertilizer, dry cell fertilizer, by-product animal fertilizer, by-product plant fertilizer, mixed organic fertilizer, etc.

(5) Composite fertilizer fusion composite fertilizer, chemical fertilizer, adsorption composite fertilizer, coated composite fertilizer, by-product composite fertilizer, liquid composite fertilizer, etc. (6) Calcareous fertilizer quick lime, slaked lime, calcium carbonate fertilizer, etc. (7) Dodge fertilizer Sulfuric acid (8) Silicic fertilizer Mineral silicate fertilizer, Silica gel fertilizer, etc. (9) Manganese fertilizer Manganese sulfate fertilizer (10) Boric fertilizer Borate fertilizer, borate fertilizer, Borax etc. (11) Trace element complex fertilizer Molten trace element complex fertilizer, Liquid trace element complex fertilizer, Mixed trace element fertilizer, etc. (12) Other ordinary chemical fertilizers, advanced chemical fertilizers, two-component compound fertilizers, compound fertilizers, fertilizers Effective-control fertilizer, paste fertilizer

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to Experimental Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples.
[Experiment 1]
Using granular fermented chicken manure as a special fertilizer having the composition shown in Fig. 3 as the raw material fertilizer, adsorption of ammonium sulfate by repeating adsorption and sun-drying in 200 ml of saturated ammonium sulfate solution in three portions to 1 kg of this fermented chicken manure Got fertilizer. The ammonium sulfate saturated solution is a solution in which 76.0 g of ammonium sulfate ((NH ₄ ) ₂ SO ₄ ) is dissolved in 100 g of water at 25 ° C., and contains 9.1% nitrogen (N).
Adsorption of the ammonium sulfate saturated solution was performed by putting the fermented chicken dung and the ammonium sulfate saturated solution in a tray, and impregnating the fermented chicken dung with the ammonium sulfate saturated solution.

[Experiment 2]
For 1 kg of granular fermented chicken manure having the same composition as in Experimental Example 1, 200 ml of urea saturated solution was divided into 3 portions, and adsorption and sun drying were repeated to obtain a urea-adsorbed fertilizer. The urea saturated solution is a solution in which 100 g of urea ((H ₂ N) ₂ C═O) is dissolved in 100 g of water at 25 ° C. and contains 19.68% nitrogen. Urea fertilizer is known as a fast-acting fertilizer. Adsorption and sun drying of the urea saturated solution were performed in the same manner as in Example 1.

[Comparative example]
For 1 kg of granular fermented chicken manure having the same composition as in Experimental Examples 1 and 2, 66 ml of corn steep liquor was divided into three times and adsorption and sun drying were repeated to obtain a corn steep liquor adsorbed fertilizer. Corn steep liquor is the first by-product in the process of producing starch from corn, and the soaking solution in which corn is soaked to soften the corn grain is concentrated to about 50% solids by a vacuum evaporator. A liquid. It contains 2.76% nitrogen (N), 3.39% phosphorus (P), and 2.13% potassium (K). Adsorption and sun drying of corn steep liquor were carried out in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1.

The various adsorbed fertilizers obtained in Experimental Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Example were analyzed for fertilizer components and measured for pH and electrical conductivity (EC). The component analysis values, pH, and electrical conductivity (EC) of various adsorbed fertilizers are shown in FIG. Moreover, the odor was evaluated about each adsorption fertilizer.
As shown in FIG. 3, in the ammonium sulfate adsorption fertilizer of Experimental Example 1, although the total nitrogen amount was slightly increased, the content was not significantly improved for all the components. However, the pH was changed from 9.04 to 6.99 and became neutral.

In the urea adsorption fertilizer of Experimental Example 2, a large increase in the total nitrogen amount was observed, but the pH was hardly changed.
In the corn steep liquor adsorption fertilizer of the comparative example, no significant change was observed in the components, and the pH was slightly lowered. However, the odor was improved as compared with Experimental Examples 1 and 2. The corn steep liquor is higher in viscosity than the fertilizer solutions used in Experimental Examples 1 and 2, and it is considered that the corn steep liquor covered the surface of the fermented chicken manure by the adsorption treatment.
Compared with Experimental Example 2 and Comparative Example, Experimental Example 1 showed a significant increase in electrical conductivity (EC). However, in the case of fermented chicken manure with a small amount of fertilizer compared to compost, the amount of salt in the soil does not increase so much that the electric conductivity is 27.70.

  From the above, it was found that fertilizer components can be supplemented or pH can be adjusted by attaching inorganic fertilizer to fermented chicken manure which is an organic fertilizer. In addition, it was considered possible to provide fertilizers having both slow and fast effects by blending organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer. Furthermore, it is thought that by attaching the attached fertilizer component to the fermented chicken manure in a highly viscous state, the outer surface of the fermented chicken manure is covered with the attached fertilizer component, which can contain the odor of the fermented chicken manure and reduce the odor. It was.

  In Examples 1 and 2 described above, fermented chicken manure as a special fertilizer was used, but fermented chicken manure as a normal fertilizer may be used, and it goes without saying that the same result can be obtained in this case. Further, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and appropriate modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims (10)

  Fertilizer containing poultry manure, made by attaching an inorganic fertilizer component to granular fertilizer made from poultry manure.   2. The poultry manure-containing fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic fertilizer component covers the outer surface of the granular fertilizer.   The granular fertilizer using the above-mentioned poultry manure as a raw material is a granular processed poultry manure fertilizer according to claim 1 or 2.   4. The poultry manure-containing fertilizer according to claim 3, wherein the processed poultry manure is fermented chicken manure.   5. The poultry manure-containing fertilizer according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the inorganic fertilizer component supplements a fertilizer component having a low content in the processed poultry manure fertilizer.   The poultry manure-containing fertilizer according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the inorganic fertilizer component is made to adhere after attaching a pH adjuster to the outer surface of the processed poultry manure fertilizer.   A method for producing poultry manure-containing fertilizer by immersing a granular processed poultry manure fertilizer in a liquid containing an inorganic fertilizer component, pulling it up, and drying it.   A method for producing fertilizer containing poultry manure by spraying a liquid containing inorganic fertilizer components on the outer surface of granular processed poultry manure fertilizer and drying it.   A method for producing poultry manure-containing fertilizer by applying powdered inorganic fertilizer components to the outer surface of granular processed poultry manure fertilizer.   10. The method for producing a poultry manure-containing fertilizer according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the pH of the outer surface of the processed poultry manure is previously adjusted.

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