JP2011031265A - Apparatus and method of hot bulge forming, and product formed by hot bulge forming - Google Patents

Apparatus and method of hot bulge forming, and product formed by hot bulge forming Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2011031265A
JP2011031265A JP2009178953A JP2009178953A JP2011031265A JP 2011031265 A JP2011031265 A JP 2011031265A JP 2009178953 A JP2009178953 A JP 2009178953A JP 2009178953 A JP2009178953 A JP 2009178953A JP 2011031265 A JP2011031265 A JP 2011031265A
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Prior art keywords
mold
workpiece
tubular material
cavity
bulge forming
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JP5437730B2 (en
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Daisuke Yamamoto
大介 山本
Yoshimitsu Ishihara
好光 石原
Takayuki Karino
貴之 狩野
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2009178953A priority Critical patent/JP5437730B2/en
Priority to US12/842,378 priority patent/US20110023568A1/en
Priority to CN2010102429511A priority patent/CN101987337A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
    • B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
    • B21D26/033—Deforming tubular bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
    • B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
    • B21D26/033—Deforming tubular bodies
    • B21D26/041—Means for controlling fluid parameters, e.g. pressure or temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
    • B21D37/16—Heating or cooling

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hot bulge forming apparatus capable of suppressing generation of a sink mark at a center portion in the length direction of a workpiece. <P>SOLUTION: In the hot bulge forming apparatus 1, a preliminarily heated tubular material 10b is placed at a cavity 33A of dice 21A, 31A, air is supplied into the tubular material 10b, and the tubular material 10b is pressed to cavity surfaces 211A, 311A by the air pressure so as to be molded. Thereafter, a tubular material 10c is placed at a cavity 33B of dice 21B, 31B, air is supplied into the tubular material 10c, and the tubular material 10c is pressed to cavity surfaces 211B, 311B by the air pressure so as to be molded while the tubular material 10c is cooled by the cavity surfaces 211B, 311B. Projecting portions 331 having a circular-arc shape in cross section are formed at parts of the cavity surfaces 211A, 311A to which the end side in the length direction of the tubular material 10b is pressed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、熱間バルジ成形装置、熱間バルジ成形方法、および熱間バルジ成形品に関する。詳しくは、予め加熱した管状のワークを金型のキャビティに配置し、このキャビティに流体を供給して流体の圧力でワークを金型のキャビティ面に押し付けて成形し、その後、この成形したワークを金型で冷却する熱間バルジ成形装置、熱間バルジ成形方法、および熱間バルジ成形品に関する。   The present invention relates to a hot bulge forming apparatus, a hot bulge forming method, and a hot bulge formed article. Specifically, a pre-heated tubular workpiece is placed in a mold cavity, fluid is supplied to the cavity, and the workpiece is pressed against the cavity surface of the mold with the pressure of the fluid, and then the molded workpiece is molded. The present invention relates to a hot bulge forming apparatus cooled by a mold, a hot bulge forming method, and a hot bulge formed product.

従来より、金型のキャビティに高圧のエアを供給して、管状のワークを成形する熱間バルジ成形が知られている。
具体的には、この熱間バルジ成形では、例えば、管状のワークを予め加熱しておき、この管状のワークを一対の金型の間に配置する。次に、ワークの長さ方向両端側を拘束しながら、この金型を型締めしてキャビティに高圧のエアを供給し、このエアの圧力により、ワークを金型のキャビティ面に押し付ける。その後、この状態を一定時間維持して金型でワークを冷却する。そして、内圧を開放して金型を開き、成形したワークを金型から取り出す（例えば、特許文献１参照）。 Conventionally, hot bulge forming in which a high-pressure air is supplied to a mold cavity to form a tubular workpiece is known.
Specifically, in this hot bulge forming, for example, a tubular workpiece is heated in advance, and the tubular workpiece is placed between a pair of molds. Next, the mold is clamped while high-pressure air is supplied to the cavity while restraining both ends in the length direction of the work, and the work is pressed against the cavity surface of the mold by the pressure of the air. Thereafter, this state is maintained for a certain period of time, and the work is cooled with a mold. Then, the internal pressure is released to open the mold, and the molded workpiece is taken out from the mold (for example, see Patent Document 1).

特開２００３−１２６９２３号公報JP 2003-126923 A

ところで、内圧を開放すると、ワークの内側を押圧する力が低減するため、大きく収縮する。このとき、ワークの長さ方向両端側の収縮量は、ワークの長さ方向中央側の収縮量よりも大きく、このワークの長さ方向両端側の収縮に引きずられて、ワークの長さ方向中央側の一部が凹んで、ヒケが発生する。特に、図１０に示すように、ワーク１１０の長さ方向中央側の断面形状が長方形である場合には、長辺部分１１１の剛性が短辺部分１１２の剛性よりも低いため、長辺部分１１１が大きく凹むことになる。   By the way, when the internal pressure is released, the force that presses the inside of the work is reduced, so that it contracts greatly. At this time, the amount of contraction at both ends in the length direction of the workpiece is larger than the amount of contraction at the center in the length direction of the workpiece. Part of the side is recessed and sink marks occur. In particular, as shown in FIG. 10, when the cross-sectional shape of the workpiece 110 in the longitudinal direction is rectangular, the long side portion 111 is lower in rigidity than the short side portion 112, and thus the long side portion 111. Will be greatly dented.

このような現象が発生する理由は、以下の通りである。
バルジ成形時には、ワークの長さ方向両端側が拘束された状態で高圧のエアを供給するため、ワークの長さ方向中央側は、ワークの長さ方向両端側に比べて、エアの圧力によりキャビティに強く押し付けられる。よって、ワークの長さ方向中央側は、ワークの長さ方向両端側よりも早期に冷却されて、内圧を開放するまでに比較的冷却が進むことになる。したがって、内圧を開放すると、ワークの長さ方向両端側がワークの長さ方向中央側よりも大きく収縮し、ワークの長さ方向中央側は、このワークの長さ方向両端側の収縮に引きずられて、凹んでヒケが発生するのである。 The reason why such a phenomenon occurs is as follows.
During bulge forming, high-pressure air is supplied in a state where both ends of the workpiece in the longitudinal direction are constrained, so the center side of the workpiece in the longitudinal direction of the workpiece is moved into the cavity by the air pressure compared to both ends of the workpiece in the longitudinal direction. Strongly pressed. Therefore, the workpiece is cooled earlier at the center in the length direction than at both ends in the length direction of the workpiece, and the cooling proceeds relatively before the internal pressure is released. Therefore, when the internal pressure is released, both ends of the workpiece in the length direction contract more than the center in the length direction of the workpiece, and the center of the workpiece in the length direction is dragged by the contraction of both ends of the workpiece in the length direction. Indentation and sinking occur.

本発明は、ワークの長さ方向中央側でヒケが発生するのを抑制できる熱間バルジ成形装置を提供することを目的とする。   An object of the present invention is to provide a hot bulge forming apparatus capable of suppressing the occurrence of sink marks on the center side in the longitudinal direction of a workpiece.

本発明の熱間バルジ成形装置（例えば、後述のバルジ成形装置１）は、予め加熱した管状のワーク（例えば、後述の管状素材１０ｂ）を第１の金型（例えば、後述の下型２１Ａ、上型３１Ａ）のキャビティ（例えば、後述のキャビティ３３Ａ）に配置し、前記ワーク内に流体（例えば、後述のエア）を供給して当該流体の圧力で前記ワークを前記第１の金型のキャビティ面（例えば、後述のキャビティ面２１１Ａ、３１１Ａ）に押し付けて成形し、その後、前記ワークを第２の金型（例えば、後述の下型２１Ｂ、上型３１Ｂ）のキャビティ（例えば、後述のキャビティ３３Ｂ）に配置し、前記ワーク内に流体を供給して当該流体の圧力で前記ワークを前記第２の金型のキャビティ面（例えば、後述のキャビティ面２１１Ｂ、３１１Ｂ）に押し付けて当該キャビティ面で前記ワークを冷却しながら成形する熱間バルジ成形装置であって、前記第１の金型のキャビティ面のうち前記ワークの長さ方向端側が押し付けられる部分には、断面円弧形状の凸部（例えば、後述の凸部３３１）が形成されることを特徴とする。   The hot bulge forming apparatus (for example, a bulge forming apparatus 1 described later) of the present invention uses a pre-heated tubular work (for example, a tubular material 10b described later) as a first mold (for example, a lower mold 21A described later). The upper die 31A) is disposed in a cavity (for example, a later-described cavity 33A), a fluid (for example, air to be described later) is supplied into the work, and the work is placed in the cavity of the first mold by the pressure of the fluid. The workpiece is pressed against a surface (for example, later-described cavity surfaces 211A, 311A), and then the work is formed into a cavity (for example, a later-described cavity 33B) of a second mold (for example, lower mold 21B, upper mold 31B described later). ), A fluid is supplied into the workpiece, and the workpiece is pressed against a cavity surface (for example, cavity surfaces 211B and 311B described later) of the second mold by the pressure of the fluid. A hot bulge forming apparatus for forming the workpiece while cooling the workpiece on the cavity surface, wherein a portion of the cavity surface of the first mold on which the longitudinal end of the workpiece is pressed has a cross-sectional arc A convex portion having a shape (for example, a convex portion 331 described later) is formed.

この発明によれば、第１の金型のキャビティ面のうちワークの長さ方向端側が押し付けられる部分に、断面円弧形状の凸部を形成した。
よって、第１の金型によりワークを成形すると、キャビティ面に形成された凸部がワークに転写されて、ワークの長さ方向端側には、断面円弧形状の凹部が形成される。その後、第２の金型によりワークを成形し、さらに冷却して内圧を開放すると、ワークの長さ方向一端側は、ワークの長さ方向中央側よりも大きく収縮しようとする。つまり、ワークの長さ方向一端側の周長は、大きく減少しようとする。 According to this invention, the convex part of the cross-sectional arc shape was formed in the part where the longitudinal direction end side of a workpiece | work is pressed among the cavity surfaces of a 1st metal mold | die.
Therefore, when a workpiece is molded by the first mold, the convex portion formed on the cavity surface is transferred to the workpiece, and a concave portion having an arc-shaped cross section is formed at the longitudinal end of the workpiece. After that, when the work is formed with the second mold, and further cooled to release the internal pressure, one end side in the length direction of the work tends to contract more than the center side in the length direction of the work. That is, the circumferential length on one end side in the length direction of the workpiece tends to be greatly reduced.

しかしながら、ワークの長さ方向端側とワークの長さ方向中央側とは連続しているため、このワークの長さ方向端側における収縮変形は、ワークの長さ方向中央側により拘束される。よって、凹部が引っ張られて、この引張力により凹部が変形し、凹部の円弧形状の曲率が低減するので、ワークの長さ方向端側の周長が減少しようとするのが抑制される。
その結果、このワークの長さ方向一端側の収縮に引きずられてワークの長さ方向中央側でヒケが発生するのを抑制できる。 However, since the work length direction end side and the work length direction center side are continuous, the contraction deformation at the work length direction end side is restrained by the work length direction center side. Accordingly, the concave portion is pulled, and the concave portion is deformed by this tensile force, and the curvature of the arc shape of the concave portion is reduced, so that it is suppressed that the circumferential length on the end side in the longitudinal direction of the workpiece is reduced.
As a result, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of sink marks on the center side in the length direction of the workpiece due to the contraction on one end side in the length direction of the workpiece.

本発明の熱間バルジ成形方法は、予め加熱した管状のワークを金型のキャビティに配置し、前記ワーク内に流体を供給して当該流体の圧力で前記ワークを前記金型のキャビティ面に押し付けて成形する熱間バルジ成形方法であって、前記成形の前に、前記ワークの長さ方向端側に、断面円弧形状の凹部を形成したことを特徴とする。   In the hot bulge forming method of the present invention, a pre-heated tubular workpiece is placed in a cavity of a mold, a fluid is supplied into the workpiece, and the workpiece is pressed against the cavity surface of the mold with the pressure of the fluid. A hot bulge forming method in which a recess having an arc-shaped cross section is formed on the end side in the longitudinal direction of the workpiece before the forming.

本発明の熱間バルジ成形品は、熱間バルジ成形により成形された管状の熱間バルジ成形品であって、長さ方向端側には、断面円弧形状の凹部（例えば、後述の凹部１１）が形成されていることを特徴とする。   The hot bulge molded product of the present invention is a tubular hot bulge molded product molded by hot bulge molding, and has a concave portion (for example, a concave portion 11 to be described later) having a circular arc cross section at the end in the longitudinal direction. Is formed.

本発明によれば、第１の金型によりワークを成形すると、キャビティ面に形成された凸部がワークに転写されて、ワークの長さ方向一端側には、断面円弧形状の凹部が形成される。その後、第２の金型によりワークを成形し、さらに冷却して内圧を開放すると、ワークの長さ方向一端側は、ワークの長さ方向中央側よりも大きく収縮しようとする。つまり、ワークの長さ方向一端側の周長は、大きく減少しようとする。しかしながら、ワークの長さ方向端側とワークの長さ方向中央側とは連続しているため、このワークの長さ方向端側における収縮変形は、ワークの長さ方向中央側により拘束される。よって、凹部が引っ張られて、この引張力により凹部が変形し、凹部の円弧形状の曲率が低減するので、ワークの長さ方向端側の周長が減少しようとするのが抑制される。その結果、このワークの長さ方向一端側の収縮に引きずられてワークの長さ方向中央側でヒケが発生するのを抑制できる。   According to the present invention, when the workpiece is molded by the first mold, the convex portion formed on the cavity surface is transferred to the workpiece, and a concave portion having an arc-shaped cross section is formed on one end side in the length direction of the workpiece. The After that, when the work is formed with the second mold, and further cooled to release the internal pressure, one end side in the length direction of the work tends to contract more than the center side in the length direction of the work. That is, the circumferential length on one end side in the length direction of the workpiece tends to be greatly reduced. However, since the work length direction end side and the work length direction center side are continuous, the contraction deformation at the work length direction end side is restrained by the work length direction center side. Accordingly, the concave portion is pulled, and the concave portion is deformed by this tensile force, and the curvature of the arc shape of the concave portion is reduced, so that it is suppressed that the circumferential length on the end side in the longitudinal direction of the workpiece is reduced. As a result, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of sink marks on the center side in the length direction of the workpiece due to the contraction on one end side in the length direction of the workpiece.

本発明の一実施形態に係る熱間バルジ成形装置の動作を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of the hot bulge forming apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 前記実施形態に係る熱間バルジ成形装置により成形されるワークの斜視図である。It is a perspective view of the workpiece | work shape | molded by the hot bulge forming apparatus which concerns on the said embodiment. 前記実施形態に係る熱間バルジ成形装置を構成する第１バルジ成形装置の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the 1st bulge forming apparatus which comprises the hot bulge forming apparatus which concerns on the said embodiment. 前記実施形態に係る第１バルジ成形装置の金型の断面図である。It is a cross-sectional view of a mold of the first bulge forming apparatus according to the embodiment. 前記実施形態に係る熱間バルジ成形装置を構成する第２バルジ成形装置の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the 2nd bulge forming apparatus which comprises the hot bulge forming apparatus which concerns on the said embodiment. 前記実施形態に係る第２バルジ成形装置の金型の断面図である。It is a cross-sectional view of a mold of the second bulge forming apparatus according to the embodiment. 前記実施形態に係る熱間バルジ成形装置を構成する第３バルジ成形装置の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the 3rd bulge forming apparatus which comprises the hot bulge forming apparatus which concerns on the said embodiment. 前記実施形態に係る第３バルジ成形装置の金型の断面図である。It is a cross-sectional view of a mold of the third bulge forming apparatus according to the embodiment. 前記実施形態に係る第３バルジ成形装置でのワークの変形を説明するための図である。It is a figure for demonstrating the deformation | transformation of the workpiece | work in the 3rd bulge forming apparatus which concerns on the said embodiment. 本発明の従来例に係るワークの変形を説明するための図である。It is a diagram for explaining a modification of the workpiece according to the conventional example of the present invention.

以下、本発明の一実施形態を図面に基づいて説明する。
図１は、本発明の一実施形態に係る熱間バルジ成形装置１の動作を示すフローチャートである。
図２は、熱間バルジ成形装置１により成形されるワークとしての管状素材１０ａ〜１０ｄを示す斜視図である。
熱間バルジ成形装置１は、通電加熱工程２、予備成形工程である拡管成形工程３およびつぶし成形工程４、最終成形工程である断面成形工程５、の順に実行するものである。 Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing the operation of a hot bulge forming apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing tubular materials 10 a to 10 d as workpieces formed by the hot bulge forming apparatus 1.
The hot bulge forming apparatus 1 executes an energization heating process 2, a tube forming process 3 and a crushing forming process 4 which are preliminary forming processes, and a cross-sectional forming process 5 which is a final forming process in this order.

具体的には、通電加熱工程２では、略直線状に延びるアルミ合金製の管状素材１０ａを加熱する。
拡管成形工程３では、第１バルジ成形装置６（図３参照）により、管状素材１０ａの両端寄りの部位を拡げて、管状素材１０ｂとする。
つぶし成形工程４では、第２バルジ成形装置７（図５参照）により、管状素材１０ｂの断面形状を略楕円形状とし、さらに管状素材１０ｂの中間部を湾曲させて、管状素材１０ｃとする。
断面成形工程５では、第３バルジ成形装置８（図７参照）により、管状素材１０ｃの断面形状を略矩形状として、管状素材１０ｄとする。 Specifically, in the energization heating process 2, the tubular material 10a made of an aluminum alloy that extends substantially linearly is heated.
In the tube expansion forming step 3, the first bulge forming device 6 (see FIG. 3) expands the portions near both ends of the tubular material 10a to form the tubular material 10b.
In the crushing molding step 4, the cross-sectional shape of the tubular material 10b is made into an approximately elliptical shape by the second bulge molding device 7 (see FIG. 5), and the intermediate portion of the tubular material 10b is curved to obtain the tubular material 10c.
In the cross-section forming step 5, the third bulge forming apparatus 8 (see FIG. 7) changes the cross-sectional shape of the tubular material 10c to a substantially rectangular shape to obtain a tubular material 10d.

図３は、第１バルジ成形装置６の概略構成を示す断面図である。図４は、第１バルジ成形装置６の金型の断面図である。
第１バルジ成形装置６は、管状素材１０ａ、１０ｂを支持する下型２１を含む下型機構２０と、下型２１とともに管状素材１０ａ、１０ｂを上下から挟む上型３１を含む上型機構３０と、管状素材１０ａ、１０ｂの両端側を保持する保持機構４０と、管状素材１０ａ、１０ｂの両端側を軸方向に押圧する押圧機構５０と、管状素材１０ａ、１０ｂの内部にエアを供給するエア供給装置６０と、下型２１および上型３１を加熱する加熱装置７０と、を備える。 FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of the first bulge forming apparatus 6. FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the mold of the first bulge forming apparatus 6.
The first bulge forming apparatus 6 includes a lower mold mechanism 20 including a lower mold 21 that supports the tubular materials 10a and 10b, and an upper mold mechanism 30 including an upper mold 31 that sandwiches the tubular materials 10a and 10b from above and below together with the lower mold 21. A holding mechanism 40 that holds both ends of the tubular materials 10a and 10b, a pressing mechanism 50 that presses both ends of the tubular materials 10a and 10b in the axial direction, and an air supply that supplies air to the inside of the tubular materials 10a and 10b. The apparatus 60 and the heating apparatus 70 which heats the lower mold | type 21 and the upper mold | type 31 are provided.

下型機構２０は、固定金型としての上述の下型２１と、この下型２１を支持する基台２２と、を備える。下型２１には、キャビティ面２１１が形成されている。   The lower mold mechanism 20 includes the lower mold 21 described above as a fixed mold, and a base 22 that supports the lower mold 21. A cavity surface 211 is formed in the lower mold 21.

上型機構３０は、下型２１の上方に対向して配置された可動金型としての上述の上型３１と、上型３１を昇降させる昇降装置３２と、を備える。上型３１には、キャビティ面３１１が形成されている。
昇降装置３２を駆動して、上型３１を下型２１に接近させて型締めすると、これら上型３１のキャビティ面３１１および下型２１のキャビティ面２１１により、キャビティ３３が形成される。 The upper mold mechanism 30 includes the above-described upper mold 31 as a movable mold disposed to face the upper side of the lower mold 21, and a lifting device 32 that raises and lowers the upper mold 31. A cavity surface 311 is formed on the upper mold 31.
When the lifting device 32 is driven and the upper die 31 is brought close to the lower die 21 and clamped, the cavity 33 is formed by the cavity surface 311 of the upper die 31 and the cavity surface 211 of the lower die 21.

保持機構４０は、下型２１上の管状素材１０ａ、１０ｂを軸方向両側に設けられた一対のホルダ４１と、これら一対のホルダ４１を管状素材１０ａ、１０ｂの軸方向に沿って進退させる進退装置４２と、を備える。
ホルダ４１には、略円筒形状である。
進退装置４２は、ホルダ４１を管状素材１０ａ、１０ｂに接近させて、管状素材１０ａの両端側に嵌合させることで、この管状素材１０ａ、１０ｂを保持する。 The holding mechanism 40 includes a pair of holders 41 in which the tubular materials 10a and 10b on the lower mold 21 are provided on both sides in the axial direction, and an advancing and retreating device that advances and retracts the pair of holders 41 along the axial direction of the tubular materials 10a and 10b. 42.
The holder 41 has a substantially cylindrical shape.
The advancing / retreating device 42 holds the tubular materials 10a and 10b by bringing the holder 41 close to the tubular materials 10a and 10b and fitting the holders 41 to both ends of the tubular material 10a.

押圧機構５０は、一対のホルダ４１に挿通される一対の押圧部材５１と、この押圧部材５１を管状素材１０ａ、１０ｂの軸方向に沿って進退させる押圧装置５２と、を備える。
押圧装置５２は、押圧部材５１を管状素材１０ａ、１０ｂに接近させてホルダ４１に挿通し、このホルダ４１に保持された管状素材１０ａ、１０ｂの両端を押圧して、この管状素材１０ａ、１０ｂを中心軸方向に圧縮する。 The pressing mechanism 50 includes a pair of pressing members 51 inserted through the pair of holders 41, and a pressing device 52 that advances and retracts the pressing members 51 along the axial direction of the tubular materials 10a and 10b.
The pressing device 52 causes the pressing member 51 to approach the tubular materials 10a and 10b, and is inserted into the holder 41, presses both ends of the tubular materials 10a and 10b held by the holder 41, and the tubular materials 10a and 10b are pressed. Compress in the direction of the central axis.

エア供給装置６０は、押圧機構５０の一対の押圧部材５１を貫通して管状素材１０ａ、１０ｂの両端側に至るエア供給路６１と、このエア供給路６１に高圧のエアを供給する図示しないエアポンプと、を備える。   The air supply device 60 includes an air supply path 61 that passes through the pair of pressing members 51 of the pressing mechanism 50 and reaches both ends of the tubular materials 10a and 10b, and an air pump (not shown) that supplies high-pressure air to the air supply path 61. And comprising.

加熱装置７０は、下型２１および上型３１に内蔵されている。この加熱装置７０としては、高周波電流加熱装置、ヒータ加熱装置などが挙げられる。   The heating device 70 is built in the lower mold 21 and the upper mold 31. Examples of the heating device 70 include a high-frequency current heating device and a heater heating device.

図５は、第２バルジ成形装置７の概略構成を示す断面図である。図６は、第２バルジ成形装置７の金型の断面図である。
第２バルジ成形装置７は、上型３１Ａのキャビティ面３１１Ａおよび下型２１Ａのキャビティ面２１１Ａからなるキャビティ３３Ａの形状、エア供給装置６０の構造、および、保持機構４０および押圧機構５０が設けられておらず、拘束機構８０が設けられている点が、第１バルジ成形装置６と異なり、その他の構成は、第１バルジ成形装置６と同様である。 FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of the second bulge forming apparatus 7. FIG. 6 is a sectional view of the mold of the second bulge forming apparatus 7.
The second bulge forming device 7 is provided with a shape of a cavity 33A composed of the cavity surface 311A of the upper die 31A and the cavity surface 211A of the lower die 21A, the structure of the air supply device 60, and the holding mechanism 40 and the pressing mechanism 50. Unlike the first bulge forming apparatus 6, the other configuration is the same as that of the first bulge forming apparatus 6 in that a restraining mechanism 80 is provided.

すなわち、上型３１Ａのキャビティ面３１１Ａおよび下型２１Ａのキャビティ面２１１Ａの長さ方向両端側、つまり、管状素材１０ｂ、１０ｃの長さ方向両端側が押し付けられる部分には、断面円弧形状の凸部３３１が形成されている。
また、拘束機構８０は、下型２１Ａ上の管状素材１０ｂ、１０ｃを軸方向から挟んで設けられた一対の拘束ビード８１と、これら一対の拘束ビード８１を管状素材１０ｂ、１０ｃの軸方向に沿って進退させる進退装置８２と、を備える。
拘束ビード８１には、凹部８１１が形成されている。
進退装置８２は、拘束ビード８１を管状素材１０ｂ、１０ｃに接近させて、管状素材１０ｂ、１０ｃの両端側を凹部８１１に嵌合させて、この管状素材１０ｂ、１０ｃの両端側を拘束する。
また、エア供給装置６０のエア供給路６１Ａは、一対の拘束ビード８１を貫通して管状素材１０ｂ、１０ｃの両端側まで延びている。 That is, convex portions 331 having an arcuate cross-section are formed on both ends of the cavity surface 311A of the upper die 31A and the cavity surface 211A of the lower die 21A in the length direction, that is, on the portions where the lengthwise both ends of the tubular materials 10b and 10c are pressed. Is formed.
The restraining mechanism 80 includes a pair of restraining beads 81 provided with the tubular materials 10b and 10c on the lower mold 21A sandwiched from the axial direction, and the pair of restraining beads 81 along the axial direction of the tubular materials 10b and 10c. And an advancing / retreating device 82 for advancing / retreating.
The constraining bead 81 is formed with a recess 811.
The advancing / retreating device 82 causes the restraining bead 81 to approach the tubular materials 10b and 10c, fits both end sides of the tubular materials 10b and 10c into the recesses 811, and restrains both end sides of the tubular materials 10b and 10c.
The air supply path 61A of the air supply device 60 extends through the pair of restraining beads 81 to both end sides of the tubular materials 10b and 10c.

図７は、第３バルジ成形装置８の概略構成を示す断面図である。図８は、第３バルジ成形装置８の金型の断面図である。
第３バルジ成形装置８は、上型３１Ｂのキャビティ面３１１Ｂおよび下型２１Ｂのキャビティ面２１１Ｂからなるキャビティ３３Ｂの形状、および、加熱装置７０Ｂの構成が、第２バルジ成形装置７と異なり、その他の構成は、第２バルジ成形装置７と同様である。
すなわち、上型３１Ａのキャビティ面３１１Ａおよび下型２１Ａのキャビティ面２１１Ａには、凸部３３１が形成されていない。
また、加熱装置７０Ｂとしては、例えば、流体加熱装置が用いられる。 FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of the third bulge forming apparatus 8. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the mold of the third bulge forming apparatus 8.
The third bulge forming device 8 is different from the second bulge forming device 7 in the shape of the cavity 33B including the cavity surface 311B of the upper die 31B and the cavity surface 211B of the lower die 21B, and the configuration of the heating device 70B. The configuration is the same as that of the second bulge forming device 7.
That is, the convex portion 331 is not formed on the cavity surface 311A of the upper die 31A and the cavity surface 211A of the lower die 21A.
For example, a fluid heating device is used as the heating device 70B.

以下、上述の熱間バルジ成形装置１によるバルジ成形の手順について、説明する。
バルジ成形は、通電加熱工程、拡管成形工程、つぶし成形工程、および断面成形工程からなる。 Hereinafter, a procedure of bulge forming by the above-described hot bulge forming apparatus 1 will be described.
Bulge molding consists of an electric heating process, a tube expansion molding process, a crush molding process, and a cross-section molding process.

まず、通電加熱工程にて、アルミ合金製の管状素材１０ａを約５００°Ｃに加熱する。   First, the tubular material 10a made of an aluminum alloy is heated to about 500 ° C. in an electric heating process.

次に、拡管成形工程を行う。具体的には、まず、加熱装置７０により、金型２１、３１を約５００°Ｃ、つまり、管状素材１０ａの再結晶温度以上に加熱する。
次に、加熱された管状素材１０ａを下型２１上に配置する。
次に、上型機構３０の昇降装置３２を駆動して、上型３１を下降させ、金型２１、３１の型締めを行う。
次に、保持機構４０の進退装置４２を駆動して、ホルダ４１を管状素材１０ａの両端側に嵌合して、この管状素材１０ａを保持する。
次に、押圧機構５０の押圧部材５１を駆動して、ホルダ４１に保持された管状素材１０ａの両端を、押圧部材５１で圧縮方向に押圧する。同時に、エア供給装置６０のエアポンプを駆動して、キャビティ３３に高圧のエアを供給する。 Next, a tube expansion molding process is performed. Specifically, first, the molds 21 and 31 are heated by the heating device 70 to about 500 ° C., that is, to the recrystallization temperature or higher of the tubular material 10a.
Next, the heated tubular material 10 a is placed on the lower mold 21.
Next, the lifting device 32 of the upper mold mechanism 30 is driven, the upper mold 31 is lowered, and the molds 21 and 31 are clamped.
Next, the advance / retreat device 42 of the holding mechanism 40 is driven to fit the holder 41 to both ends of the tubular material 10a to hold the tubular material 10a.
Next, the pressing member 51 of the pressing mechanism 50 is driven, and both ends of the tubular material 10 a held by the holder 41 are pressed by the pressing member 51 in the compression direction. At the same time, the air pump of the air supply device 60 is driven to supply high pressure air to the cavity 33.

すると、管状素材１０ａは、キャビティ３３の形状になじむように熱間拡管成形されて管状素材１０ｂとなる。   Then, the tubular material 10a is hot-tube-expanded so as to conform to the shape of the cavity 33 to become a tubular material 10b.

次に、つぶし成形工程を行う。具体的には、まず、加熱装置７０により、金型２１Ａ、３１Ａを約５００°Ｃ、つまり、管状素材１０ａの再結晶温度以上に加熱する。
次に、拡管成形された管状素材１０ａを、加熱状態を保ったまま、図示しない公知の搬送手段により搬送して、下型２１Ａ上に配置する。
次に、拘束機構８０の進退装置８２を駆動して、拘束ビード８１を管状素材１０ｂの両端側に嵌合する。
また、上型機構３０の昇降装置３２を駆動して、上型３１Ａを下降させ、金型２１Ａ、３１Ａの型締めを行う。同時に、エア供給装置６０のエアポンプを駆動して、キャビティ３３Ａに高圧のエアを供給する。 Next, a crushing molding process is performed. Specifically, first, the molds 21A and 31A are heated by the heating device 70 to about 500 ° C., that is, the recrystallization temperature of the tubular material 10a or higher.
Next, the expanded tube material 10a is conveyed by a known conveying means (not shown) while being heated, and placed on the lower die 21A.
Next, the advance / retreat device 82 of the restraining mechanism 80 is driven to fit the restraining beads 81 to both ends of the tubular material 10b.
Further, the lifting device 32 of the upper mold mechanism 30 is driven to lower the upper mold 31A, and the molds 21A and 31A are clamped. At the same time, the air pump of the air supply device 60 is driven to supply high-pressure air to the cavity 33A.

すると、拡管成形後の管状素材１０ｂは、キャビティ３３Ａの形状になじむように熱間（約５００°Ｃ）でつぶし成形されて、管状素材１０ｃとなる。このとき、キャビティ面２１１Ａ、３１１Ａに形成された凸部３３１が管状素材１０ｃに転写されて、管状素材１０ｃの長さ方向両端側には、断面円弧形状の凹部１１が形成される（図９（ａ）、（ｂ）参照）。   Then, the tubular material 10b after the tube expansion molding is crushed and formed hot (about 500 ° C.) so as to conform to the shape of the cavity 33A, and becomes the tubular material 10c. At this time, the convex portions 331 formed on the cavity surfaces 211A and 311A are transferred to the tubular material 10c, and the concave portions 11 having a circular arc cross section are formed on both ends in the length direction of the tubular material 10c (FIG. 9 ( a) and (b)).

次に、断面成形工程を行う。具体的には、まず、加熱装置７０Ｂにより、金型２１Ｂ、３１Ｂを約２００°Ｃ、つまり、管状素材１０ｃの再結晶温度以下に加熱する。
次に、つぶし成形された後の管状素材１０ｃを、図示しない回転手段により、中心軸回りに略９０°回転し、その後、図示しない公知の搬送手段により搬送して、下型２１Ｂ上に配置する。
次に、拘束機構８０の進退装置８２を駆動して、拘束ビード８１を管状素材１０ｂの両端側に嵌合して、管状素材１０ｃの両端側を拘束する。また、上型機構３０の昇降装置３２を駆動して、上型３１Ｂを下降させ、金型２１Ｂ、３１Ｂの型締めを行う。同時に、エア供給装置６０のエアポンプを駆動して、キャビティ３３Ｂに高圧のエアを供給する。 Next, a cross-section forming process is performed. Specifically, first, the molds 21B and 31B are heated to about 200 ° C., that is, below the recrystallization temperature of the tubular material 10c by the heating device 70B.
Next, the tubular material 10c after being crushed is rotated by approximately 90 ° around the central axis by a rotating means (not shown), and then conveyed by a known conveying means (not shown) and placed on the lower die 21B. .
Next, the advancing / retreating device 82 of the restraining mechanism 80 is driven, and the restraining beads 81 are fitted to both end sides of the tubular material 10b to restrain both end sides of the tubular material 10c. Further, the lifting device 32 of the upper mold mechanism 30 is driven to lower the upper mold 31B, and the molds 21B and 31B are clamped. At the same time, the air pump of the air supply device 60 is driven to supply high-pressure air to the cavity 33B.

すると、つぶし成形された後の管状素材１０ｃは、キャビティ３３Ｂの形状になじむように断面成形されて、管状素材１０ｄとなる。
この断面成形工程では、金型２１Ｂ、３１Ｂの温度が約２００°Ｃであるため、管状素材１０ｃの熱が金型２１Ｂ、３１Ｂに伝わって、管状素材１０ｃの温度は低下するが、ある程度熱間成形される。 Then, the tubular material 10c after being crushed is formed into a cross-sectional shape so as to conform to the shape of the cavity 33B, and becomes a tubular material 10d.
In this cross-section molding process, the temperatures of the molds 21B and 31B are about 200 ° C., so that the heat of the tubular material 10c is transferred to the molds 21B and 31B, and the temperature of the tubular material 10c is lowered. Molded.

次に、金型２１Ｂ、３１Ｂの温度を管状素材１０ｄの再結晶温度以下に保持しつつ、一定の時間、金型２１Ｂ、３１Ｂの型締め状態を維持する。これにより、管状素材１０ｄを冷却して熱収縮させ、その後、内圧を開放する。
このとき、管状素材１０ｄの両端部は拘束ビード８１で拘束されるため、管状素材１０ｃの軸方向の熱収縮が抑制される。 Next, the molds 21B and 31B are kept in a clamped state for a certain time while maintaining the temperatures of the molds 21B and 31B below the recrystallization temperature of the tubular material 10d. Thereby, the tubular material 10d is cooled and thermally contracted, and then the internal pressure is released.
At this time, since both ends of the tubular material 10d are restrained by the restraining beads 81, thermal contraction in the axial direction of the tubular material 10c is suppressed.

ここで、図９（ａ）に示すように、断面円弧形状の凹部１１が形成された管状素材１０ｃの長さ方向一端側を、端部１２、管状素材１０ｄの長さ方向中央側を、中央部１３とする。
金型２１Ｂ、３１Ｂにより管状素材１０ｃを冷却して内圧を開放すると、管状素材１０ｃの端部１２は、管状素材１０ｃの中央部１３よりも大きく収縮しようとする。つまり、図９（ｂ）に示すように、管状素材１０ｃの端部１２の周長は、大きく減少しようとする。 Here, as shown in FIG. 9 (a), the longitudinal direction one end side of the tubular material 10c in which the concave portion 11 having the arc-shaped cross section is formed, the end portion 12 and the longitudinal direction central side of the tubular material 10d are centered. This is part 13.
When the tubular material 10c is cooled by the molds 21B and 31B to release the internal pressure, the end portion 12 of the tubular material 10c tends to contract more than the central portion 13 of the tubular material 10c. That is, as shown in FIG. 9B, the circumferential length of the end portion 12 of the tubular material 10c tends to be greatly reduced.

しかしながら、管状素材１０ｃの端部１２と中央部１３とは連続しているため、この管状素材１０ｃの端部１２における収縮変形は、管状素材１０ｃの中央部１３により拘束される。よって、凹部１１が図９（ｂ）中白矢印方向に引っ張られて、この引張力により凹部１１が変形して、この凹部１１の円弧形状の曲率が低減する。よって、管状素材１０ｃの端部１２の周長が減少しようとするのが抑制される。   However, since the end portion 12 and the central portion 13 of the tubular material 10c are continuous, the contraction deformation at the end portion 12 of the tubular material 10c is restrained by the central portion 13 of the tubular material 10c. Accordingly, the concave portion 11 is pulled in the direction of the white arrow in FIG. 9B, and the concave portion 11 is deformed by this tensile force, and the arc-shaped curvature of the concave portion 11 is reduced. Therefore, it is suppressed that the peripheral length of the edge part 12 of the tubular raw material 10c tends to decrease.

本実施形態によれば、以下のような効果がある。
（１）上型３１Ａおよび下型２１Ａのうち管状素材１０ｃの長さ方向両端側が押し付けられる部分に、断面円弧形状の凸部３３１を形成した。
よって、金型２１Ａ、３１Ａにより管状素材１０ｃを成形すると、キャビティ面２１１Ａ、３１１Ａに形成された凸部３３１が管状素材１０ｂに転写されて、管状素材１０ｃの長さ方向両端側には、断面円弧形状の凹部１１が形成される。その後、金型２１Ｂ、３１Ｂにより管状素材１０ｃを成形し、さらに冷却して内圧を開放すると、凹部１１が引っ張られて、この引張力により凹部１１が変形して、凹部１１の円弧形状の曲率が低減するので、管状素材１０ｃの長さ方向両端側の周長が減少しようとするのが抑制される。その結果、この管状素材１０ｃの長さ方向両端側の収縮に引きずられて、管状素材１０ｃの長さ方向中央側でヒケが発生するのを抑制できることになる。 According to this embodiment, there are the following effects.
(1) The convex part 331 of circular arc shape was formed in the part where the length direction both ends of the tubular raw material 10c are pressed among the upper mold | type 31A and the lower mold | type 21A.
Therefore, when the tubular material 10c is molded by the molds 21A and 31A, the convex portions 331 formed on the cavity surfaces 211A and 311A are transferred to the tubular material 10b, and the cross-sectional arc is formed on both ends of the tubular material 10c in the length direction. A concave portion 11 having a shape is formed. After that, when the tubular material 10c is formed by the molds 21B and 31B, and further cooled to release the internal pressure, the concave portion 11 is pulled, and the concave portion 11 is deformed by this tensile force, and the arc-shaped curvature of the concave portion 11 is increased. Since it reduces, it is suppressed that the circumference of the length direction both ends of the tubular raw material 10c tends to decrease. As a result, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of sink marks on the central side in the longitudinal direction of the tubular material 10c due to the contraction of both ends in the longitudinal direction of the tubular material 10c.

なお、本発明は前記実施形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の目的を達成できる範囲での変形、改良等は本発明に含まれるものである。
たとえば、本実施形態では、第２バルジ成形装置８の金型２１Ａ、３１Ａに凸部３３１を形成して、つぶし成形工程を行う際に、管状素材１０ｂに凸部３３１を転写したが、これに限らない。すなわち、第１バルジ成形装置６の金型２１、３１に凸部を形成して、拡管成形工程を行う際に、管状素材１０ａに凸部を転写してもよい。 It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and modifications, improvements, etc. within a scope that can achieve the object of the present invention are included in the present invention.
For example, in the present embodiment, the convex portions 331 are transferred to the tubular material 10b when the convex portions 331 are formed on the molds 21A and 31A of the second bulge forming apparatus 8 and the crushing molding process is performed. Not exclusively. That is, the convex portions may be transferred to the tubular material 10a when the convex portions are formed on the molds 21 and 31 of the first bulge forming device 6 and the tube expansion molding process is performed.

また、本実施形態では、管状素材１０ａ〜１０ｄをアルミ合金製としたが、これに限らず、他の金属製としてもよい。
また、本実施形態では、エア供給装置６０により管状素材１０ａ〜１０ｄの内部にエアを供給したが、これに限らず、他の流体を供給してもよい。 In the present embodiment, the tubular materials 10a to 10d are made of an aluminum alloy. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be made of other metals.
In the present embodiment, air is supplied into the tubular materials 10a to 10d by the air supply device 60. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and other fluids may be supplied.

１ 熱間バルジ成形装置
１０ａ〜１０ｄ 管状素材
１１ 凹部
２１Ａ 下型（第１の金型）
３３Ａ 上型（第１の金型）
２１Ｂ 下型（第２の金型）
３３Ｂ 上型（第２の金型）
３３Ａ、３３Ｂ キャビティ
２１１Ａ、２１１Ｂ、３１１Ａ、３１１Ｂ キャビティ面
３３１ 凸部 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hot bulge forming apparatus 10a-10d Tubular material 11 Concave part 21A Lower mold (1st metal mold | die)
33A Upper mold (first mold)
21B Lower mold (second mold)
33B Upper mold (second mold)
33A, 33B Cavity 211A, 211B, 311A, 311B Cavity surface 331 Projection

Claims (3)

予め加熱した管状のワークを第１の金型のキャビティに配置し、前記ワーク内に流体を供給して当該流体の圧力で前記ワークを前記第１の金型のキャビティ面に押し付けて成形し、その後、
前記ワークを第２の金型のキャビティに配置し、前記ワーク内に流体を供給して当該流体の圧力で前記ワークを前記第２の金型のキャビティ面に押し付けて当該キャビティ面で前記ワークを冷却しながら成形する熱間バルジ成形装置であって、
前記第１の金型のキャビティ面のうち前記ワークの長さ方向端側が押し付けられる部分には、断面円弧形状の凸部が形成されることを特徴とする熱間バルジ成形装置。 A pre-heated tubular work is placed in the cavity of the first mold, a fluid is supplied into the work, and the work is pressed against the cavity surface of the first mold with the pressure of the fluid, and then molded. afterwards,
The workpiece is disposed in a cavity of a second mold, a fluid is supplied into the workpiece, and the workpiece is pressed against the cavity surface of the second mold by the pressure of the fluid, so that the workpiece is placed on the cavity surface. A hot bulge forming device for forming while cooling,
A hot bulge forming apparatus, wherein a convex portion having an arcuate cross section is formed on a portion of the cavity surface of the first mold on which the end in the longitudinal direction of the workpiece is pressed. 予め加熱した管状のワークを金型のキャビティに配置し、前記ワーク内に流体を供給して当該流体の圧力で前記ワークを前記金型のキャビティ面に押し付けて成形する熱間バルジ成形方法であって、
前記成形の前に、前記ワークの長さ方向端側に、断面円弧形状の凹部を形成したことを特徴とする熱間バルジ成形方法。 This is a hot bulge forming method in which a pre-heated tubular work is placed in a cavity of a mold, a fluid is supplied into the work, and the work is pressed against the cavity surface of the mold with the pressure of the fluid. And
A hot bulge forming method, wherein a concave portion having a circular arc cross section is formed on an end side in the longitudinal direction of the workpiece before the forming. 熱間バルジ成形により成形された管状の熱間バルジ成形品であって、
長さ方向端側には、断面円弧形状の凹部が形成されていることを特徴とする熱間バルジ成形品。 A tubular hot bulge molded product formed by hot bulge molding,
A hot bulge molded product characterized in that a concave portion having an arc-shaped cross section is formed on the end in the length direction.
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