CN100592942C - Internal heating metal pipe material medium-high temperature high water pressure once shaping method and equipment - Google Patents
Internal heating metal pipe material medium-high temperature high water pressure once shaping method and equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN100592942C CN100592942C CN200510089941A CN200510089941A CN100592942C CN 100592942 C CN100592942 C CN 100592942C CN 200510089941 A CN200510089941 A CN 200510089941A CN 200510089941 A CN200510089941 A CN 200510089941A CN 100592942 C CN100592942 C CN 100592942C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a technique, method and equipment for forming necked container-shaped metal component by utilizing great internal high pressure produced by water under the condition of high temperature and adopting heat transfer (or pressure transfer) single-operation process. Said equipment is formed from four portions: 1. high-temperature high-pressure equipment: high pressure container, internal electroheating high temperature furnace and working water; 2. temperature (or pressure) transfer equipment: high pressure metal pipeline and high pressure vale; 3. forming equipment: concave die, medium-temperature preheating furnace, pipe blank and sealing plug; and 4. control equipment. It has two forming methods, one is pressure transfer process, another is heat transfer process. Said invention also provides the concrete steps of every method.
Description
1. technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of brand-new reducing tubular metal member water pressure once shaping technology, method and apparatus.Concrete, this technology of huge static pressure and the relevant device that utilize water at high temperature to be produced exactly carry out the once-forming of reducing tubular metal member.
Required inner high voltage derives from the huge static pressure that high-temperature water produces in the forming process, and shaping medium is superhigh-pressure high-temp water (supercritical water), and metal stock is to be shaped under the condition of high temperature.
2. background technology
Usually said tubing hydroforming (internal high pressure forming) at present is that the mechanical pressure with hydraulic pump (water pump or oil pump) is a source pressure, cryogen (water or oil) is a shaping medium, make blank with tubing, apply highly pressurised liquid by tubing inside and pipe is pressed into makes it be configured as required workpiece in the die cavity.Specifically the tubing blank is put into the die cavity of a hydroforming assembly and provided high-pressure fluid to blank inside, so that the outside expansion of blank is consistent with the qualification cavity surface with hydraulic pump.Shortcoming of the method and limitation: 1. cost is higher, needs a high performance hydraulic pump; 2. operating pressure is relatively low, and operating pressure is generally 0.3-0.5GPa; 3. it is comparatively difficult to boost, for common hydraulic pump, if will promote 0.1GPa again on the basis of working pressure range, usually comparatively difficult; 4. institute's machined metal parts outer surface is easy to generate fan-shaped microfissure, because the canister blank is to expand under the normal temperature rigid state; 5. process high duty metal parts (as titanium alloy etc.) and be restricted, because of being processes under the normal temperature state; 6. process the thick-walled metal parts and be restricted, because of being processes under the normal temperature state.
3. summary of the invention
The present invention is in a kind of internal heating metal pipe material-high temperature ultra high water pressure once shaping technology, method and apparatus.The present invention is this technology of huge static pressure and the relevant device that utilizes water at high temperature to be produced, carry out the once-forming of reducing tubular metal member, the mode of heating heats the working water in the high-pressure bottle in wherein adopting, and makes it produce the needed inner high voltage of expansion tube wall.This method is the residing state of metal from pressure mechanism of production, shaping medium, forming process no matter, and still all different with conventional hydroforming technology and equipment from the element of installation, it is a kind of new technology and method.
It is that transmission medium superhigh-pressure high-temp thermal simulation experiment result proposes with water that the present invention is based on the p-V-T graph of a relation of state equation, water of water and following two groups: 1. the external diameter with topped up with water (about 6-7 drips) is 48mm, internal diameter is 8mm, boss ratio is that 1: 6 Rene41 titanium maxter alloy autoclave is sealed by the taper chock plug, put into the tube furnace by temperature controller control then, Jia Re mode heats up gradually by pre-set program in addition.When furnace temperature rises to 350 ℃, find to make the outside also breach (seeing Figure 1B-1) of explosion long 27mm, a wide 11mm that expands of this titanium maxter alloy autoclave body by the huge inner high voltage that high-temperature water produced of kettle inside; 2. same experimental technique, with the external diameter of topped up with water (about 8-9 drips) is 60mm, and internal diameter is 8mm, and boss ratio is that two stainless steel autoclave bodies of 1: 7.5 are sealed by the taper chock plug, put into tube furnace then, Jia Re mode heats up gradually by the program that pre-sets in addition.When furnace temperature rises to 450 ℃ and 480 ℃, cause two stainless steel autoclave bodies all outwards to expand by the huge inner high voltage that high-temperature water produced of autoclave inside, the 60mm of kettle external diameter before by experiment dilatancy respectively is 63.1mm and 64.3mm (seeing Figure 1B-2).This phenomenon by we utilize aqueous medium at high temperature the huge static pressure of generation, carry out the once-forming of reducing tubular metal member and lay a good foundation.
A content of the present invention is a kind of huge static pressure of utilizing water at high temperature to be produced, the technology (see figure 2) of a hydroforming reducing tubular metal member.Be characterized in that inner high voltage required in the forming process derives from the immense pressure that water is at high temperature produced.The p-V-T relation of water is the basic physical chemical property of water, and the density of water changes and changes along with temperature and pressure, and when increased pressure, the density of fluid can change to the density value of liquid water continuously from the density value of steam.At high temperature, during as 200 ℃, 500 ℃ and 1000 ℃, keep the density (1g/cm of water under the normal temperature and pressure
3), required external pressure will reach 0.3GPa, 0.8GPa, 1.82GPa respectively.In other words, the canister of water-filled (being that packing density is 100%) sealing is heated to 200 ℃, 500 ℃ and 1000 ℃ respectively, high-temperature water in the container will produce the pressure of about 0.3GPa, 0.8GPa, 1.82GPa, and stepless action in around on the chamber wall (seeing Figure 1A).We utilize this characteristic of water to carry out the once-forming of reducing tubular metal member just.Be about to be full of the tubular metal blank of water or the certain water gaging of filling, sealed, by indirect heat conducting mode the water in the tube billet is heated then.Rising along with water temperature, the pressure that is produced by hot operation water in the pipe also increases thereupon, when this hydraulic pressure surpasses the tension force that the pipe wall can bear, the wall of expansion pipe, this moment is if controlled with female mold, just obtains variously not only having formalness but also have the reducing tubular metal member (seeing Fig. 2 and 3) of the double-form of external morphology.Water at high temperature can produce the huge inner high voltage of the tube billet that is used for expanding can be from above-mentioned two groups of high temperature and pressure experiments be confirmed (seeing Figure 1B-1, Figure 1B-2).
Second content of the present invention relates to a kind of interior heating and produces the technology and the assembly (seeing Fig. 6 A and 6B) of the required inner high voltage of shaping reducing tubular metal member.Be characterized in the high-temperature electric heat element is placed high-pressure bottle inside, directly the working water in the high-pressure bottle heated internally, make it produce needed inner high voltage in the forming process.Simultaneously, that the high-pressure bottle outer wall is wound with is square (or circular) copper pipe cooling water circulating device, to improve the tensile strength of high-pressure bottle outer wall, and then the operating temperature and the operating pressure of working water in the raising high-pressure bottle, the pressure scope of application of expansion equipment provides expansion thick-walled metal material, the required inner high voltage of high-strength metal material.
Interior heating technique comprises cooling technology two parts of inner built-in electrothermal high-temperature stove heating technique of high-pressure bottle and container outer wall.Its assembly mainly is made up of high-pressure bottle, working water, built-in electrothermal high-temperature stove, cooling water circulating device four parts.
The 3rd content of the present invention relates to a kind of built-in electrothermal high-temperature furnace module.Be characterized in the electrothermal high-temperature stove is placed high-pressure bottle inside, directly the working water in the high-pressure bottle heated internally, so that required interior super-pressure (is seen Fig. 6 A, 6B) in the generation forming process.This assembly comprises high-temperature electric heat element (2-1), insulating coating (2-2), the metal coating housing (2-3) of heating outside and plain conductor four parts (seeing Fig. 6 A) of wrapping up in insulating barrier outward.
In add the sealing that thermal design should guarantee the high-pressure bottle under high pressure (super-pressure) working environment, guarantee that again heating and plain conductor are in heating process and the insulating properties between working water and the high-pressure bottle wall.Therefore, must scribble resistant to elevated temperatures insulating materials at heating and plain conductor outside.
Heating adopts silicon carbide rod (operating temperature is 1000-1350 ℃), or silication molybdenum bar (operating temperature 1350-1600 ℃ is up to 1800 ℃).Before using silicon carbide rod and silication molybdenum bar are at high temperature carried out sintering; make silicon carbide rod and silication molybdenum bar outer surface produce thicker high temperature resistant siliceous insulation and the antioxidation coating of one deck; be wrapped in silicon carbide rod and silication molybdenum bar high-temperature electric heat outside elements with resistant to elevated temperatures metal shell then; thereby avoid heating directly to contact with high-temperature water; with the siliceous insulating barrier of protection silicon carbide rod and silication molybdenum bar outer surface, prolong the service life of high-temperature electric heat element.
The high-temperature electric heat element is welded on the high-pressure bottle wall together with the metal coating housing of outside; or be fixed on the high-pressure bottle wall by the conical surface-conical surface or the conical surface-sphere with the spiral shell tool; and high-temperature electric heat element and temperature thermocouple are drawn with the plain conductor that is coated with insulating coating outward; link to each other with temperature controller with external power supply, will guarantee that simultaneously high-pressure bottle under high pressure has good sealing property.The high-temperature electric heat element both can place on the high-pressure bottle sidewall (sees Fig. 6 A), also can place on the high-pressure bottle base wall and (see Fig. 6 B), and this will be determined on a case-by-case basis.
The 4th content of the present invention relate to a kind of with the working water in the heat conducting mode indirect tube billet to high temperature, produce the technology and the assembly (see figure 7) of expansion tubing blank wall and the required inner high voltage of once-forming reducing tubular metal member.
It is characterized by, at first with topped up with water all in high-pressure bottle and the tube billet, working water in adopting then in the mode of heating heating high-pressure container is to high temperature, with the hot operation water in the high-pressure bottle is thermal source, utilize in the high-pressure bottle in the high-temperature water and tube billet in-temperature difference between the water at low temperature, by connecting the high-pressure metal pipeline between high-pressure bottle and the tube billet, in heat conducting mode, the high temperature of working water in the high-pressure bottle is transmitted in the tube billet water, water in the indirect tube billet makes it produce the technology of expansion pipe wall and the required inner high voltage of once-forming reducing tubular metal member to high temperature.
Present technique mainly comprises high-pressure bottle, built-in electrothermal high-temperature stove, high-pressure metal pipeline, tubing blank and five basic modules of working water.
The 5th content of the present invention relates to a kind of mode with the pressure conduction directly provides expansion tubing blank wall, and the technology of the required inner high voltage of once-forming reducing tubular metal member and assembly (seeing Fig. 8 A, 8B, 8C, 8D and 8E).
Be characterized in, at first with topped up with water in the high-pressure bottle, then by the working water in the interior mode of heating heating high-pressure container to high temperature, when the inner high voltage that is produced by high-temperature water (supercritical water) reaches predetermined pressure, open the high pressure valve between high-pressure bottle and the pipe, be transmitted in the pipe via the high-pressure metal pipeline by the huge inner high voltage that high-temperature water produced in the high-pressure bottle like this, the wall of expansion tubing blank makes its distortion, until the technology of outer surface of tube blank and mould inner mould surface basically identical.
Present technique mainly comprises high-pressure bottle, built-in electrothermal high-temperature stove, high-pressure metal pipeline, high-pressure stop valve, tubing blank and six basic modules of working water.
The 6th content of the present invention relates to the pre-warmed technology of a kind of metal pipe material blank.It is characterized in that at mould outside cover one moderate oven, and the tubing blank in the die cavity is carried out pre-warmed technology (seeing Fig. 6 A) through mould.Its effect one is to make pipe (no matter heat is conducted or the pressure conduction) dilatancy under hot state; The 2nd, reduce the loss of heat in pipe in the heat transfer process, shorten the required time of once-forming.
The 7th content of the present invention is in the internal heating metal pipe material-the high temperature ultra high water pressure once former.This equipment comprises four most of 19 basic modules (seeing Fig. 6 A).First is high-temperature high-pressure apparatus (pressure source), comprises high-pressure bottle (1), built-in electrothermal high-temperature stove (2), working water (4), cooling water circulating device (3); Second portion is temperature (or pressure) transmission equipment: comprise high-pressure metal pipeline (5) and muff (6), high pressure valve (7); Third part is a former, comprises female mold (12), middle temperature preheating furnace (13), furnace shell (14), mould fixed support (16), metal pipe material blank support (9), metal pipe material blank (11), a pair of sealing liquidate drift (8), metal ferrules (10); The 4th part is a control appliance, comprises Temperature-controlled appliance (2,17), mould open/close control appliance (15,18), and metal pipe material blank support and the sealing drift that liquidates moves axially control appliance (8,19).
Equipment characteristic: the working water in 1. adopting in the mode heating high-pressure container of heating, make it produce required inner high voltage in the forming process, be about to the electrothermal high-temperature element and place high-pressure bottle inside, directly the working water in the high-pressure bottle is heated internally, make it produce required inner high voltage in the forming process; 2. have two high-pressure bottles and two high temperature furnaces, promptly two pressure sources apply inner high voltage from the tubing two ends to tube wall respectively; 3. pressure source (high-pressure bottle and high temperature furnace) is placed apart with mould, and mould both can use high temperature resistant, high strength ceramic material mould, also can use common metal material mould (as the stainless steel material mould); 4. adopt pressure conduction or heat conducting mode, provide the expansion pipe required inner high voltage indirectly.Required inner high voltage is to be produced by the high-temperature water in the high-pressure bottle (supercritical water) in the forming process, and is transmitted in the pipe via the high-pressure metal pipeline; 5. the high-pressure bottle outer wall is wound with square (or circular) copper pipe cooling water circulating device, to improve the tensile strength of high-pressure bottle wall; 6. the outside of mould is with a moderate oven, so that metal blank is preheated; 7. high-pressure bottle wall tensile strength height, the operating temperature height of working water can produce inner high voltage required in the forming process to greatest extent, but the Seals for High Pressure Containers difficulty is bigger; 8. this equipment not only can processing thin-walled, low intensive metal pipe material (as copper, aluminium alloy etc.), the heavy wall that also can be shaped, high-intensity metal pipe material (as titanium alloy, carbon steel, and stainless steel etc.); 9. this equipment not only can be processed the hollow parts that axis is a straight line, and axis is the hollow parts of curve, and the light body member of the hollow variable cross-section that can be shaped (seeing Fig. 4 A and 4B); 10. this equipment not only can be processed as simple reducing tubular metal member of form such as circle, ellipses, the reducing tubular metal member (seeing Fig. 5 A, 5B, 5C and 5D) that the form that also can be shaped is comparatively complicated.
The 8th content of the present invention relates in a kind of pressure conduction internal heating metal pipe material-the high temperature ultra high water pressure once manufacturing process
Be characterized in, utilize the inner high voltage that is produced by hot operation water in the high-pressure bottle, inner high voltage is delivered in the tube billet cavity, expansion tube wall and the required inner high voltage of once-forming reducing tubular metal member directly are provided via the high-pressure metal pipeline.Concrete steps (seeing Fig. 8 A, 8B, 8C, 8D and 8E) are as follows:
1. at first with topped up with water in two high-pressure bottles; 2. adopt the sealing of linear sealing or face, have the drift that liquidates of axially extending bore respectively the pipe both ends open to be sealed with two, the other end of drift then usefulness high-pressure metal pipeline links to each other drift with high-pressure bottle; 3. place the female mould cavities of overcoat moderate oven to preheat pipe with support to the temperature of setting; 4. open the built-in electrothermal high-temperature stove of high-pressure bottle inside and the cooling water circulating device of chamber wall outside, the working water in adopting in the mode heating high-pressure container of heating is to the temperature of setting; 5. when the pressure that is produced by hot operation water (supercritical water) in the high-pressure bottle reaches predetermined pressure, open high pressure valve, be transmitted in the pipe by the high-pressure metal pipeline by the immense pressure that high-temperature water produced in the high-pressure bottle like this, the wall of expansion tube billet is until the outer surface and the mould inner mould surface basically identical of tube wall; 6. close the high pressure valve at tubing blank two ends, open mould and drift, so just obtain variously not only having formalness but also have the reducing tubular metal member of the double-form of external morphology.
The 9th content of the present invention relates in a kind of heat conduction internal heating metal pipe material-the high temperature ultra high water pressure once manufacturing process
Be characterized in, working water at first adopting in the mode heating high-pressure container of heating is to high temperature, then by the high-pressure metal pipeline, the high temperature of hot operation water in the high-pressure bottle is delivered in the tube billet cavity water, to high temperature, produce expansion tube wall and the required inner high voltage (see figure 7) of once-forming reducing tubular metal member with the water in the heat conducting mode indirect pipe.Concrete steps are as follows:
1. at first be with topped up with water in two high-pressure bottles, also topped up with water in the pipe; 2. adopt the sealing of linear sealing or face, have the drift that liquidates of axially extending bore respectively the pipe both ends open to be sealed with two, the other end of drift then usefulness high-pressure metal pipeline links to each other drift with high-pressure bottle; 3. place the female mould cavities of overcoat moderate oven to preheat pipe with support to the temperature of setting; 4. open the built-in electrothermal high-temperature stove of high-pressure bottle inside and the cooling water circulating device of chamber wall outside, the working water in adopting in the mode heating high-pressure container of heating is to the temperature of setting, and the high temperature furnace operating temperature will be far above the operating temperature of moderate oven; 5. the high temperature that is produced by hot operation water in the high-pressure bottle is transmitted in the tube billet water by the high-pressure metal pipeline, water in the indirect pipe is to high temperature, when the pressure that is produced by high-temperature water (supercritical water) in the pipe surpasses the tension force that tube wall can bear, the wall of expansion tubing blank makes its distortion, and is consistent with the mould inner mould surface substantially until the outer surface of pipe; 6. stop heating, the extremely safe temperature of metal parts that reduces furnace temperature and processed; 7. open mould and drift, so just obtain various reducing tubular metal member.
Identical with traditional hydroforming, this method not only can be processed the part that axis is a straight line, and the axis that can be shaped is the part of curve.This technology is applicable to the hollow unit that manufacturing has the different cross section shape along the member axis, and cross sectional shape can be circle, rectangle or profiled-cross-section.For the variable cross-section hollow unit, conventional fabrication processes is generally and strikes out 2 half sheets of shape earlier and be welded into integrated member again.The characteristics of hydroforming are to be shaped along the vicissitudinous hollow unit in member axis cross section by Integratively.Compare with the punching press welding procedure, the major advantage of hydroforming is to alleviate quality, economical with materials; Reduce the quantity of part and mould, reduced die cost and production cost; The intensity and the rigidity of product have been improved.
The present invention is the residing state of metal from pressure mechanism of production, shaping medium, forming process no matter, and still all different with at present traditional hydroforming technology and equipment from the element of installation, it is a kind of brand-new technology, method and apparatus.This method with the difference of conventional hydroforming maximum is: 1. pressure mechanism of production (or source pressure) is different.The mechanical pressure of source pressure in hydraulic pump in the conventional hydroforming process, and the huge static pressure that the source pressure in this method is at high temperature produced in water itself; 2. shaping medium difference.The conventional hydraulic shaping medium is normal temperature liquid (water or an oil), and the shaping medium among the present invention is superhigh-pressure high-temp water (being supercritical water), but not traditional liquid; 3. the residing state difference of metal stock in the forming process, metal stock is a dilatancy under the low temperature rigid state in the common hydroforming process, and metal stock is a dilatancy under the high-temp plastic state in this method; 4. former assembly that is caused thus and processing method are also different.
In addition, compare with traditional hydroforming, this method has following several respects advantage: 1. cost is lower, and the capital equipment assembly is high-pressure bottle, electrothermal high-temperature stove, mould; 2. the working pressure wide ranges can vary continuously to 1.5 ten thousand atmospheric pressure from tens atmospheric pressure always; 3. supercharging is very easy to, and by the heat conduction of high-pressure metal pipeline, as long as water temperature reaches 200 ℃, 500 ℃, 1000 ℃ in the tubular metal blank, wherein water just can produce the inner high voltage up to 300MPa, 800MPa and 1800MPa; 4. institute's processing component wall quality is even, because tubular metal blank is to expand a kind of being bordering under the mecystasis, i.e. and plastic deformation, so as long as condition is calculated and control is suitable, outer surface of tube wall is owing to the microfissure that is produced that expands just can be avoided; 5. can process such as the difficult tubular metal member that is shaped such as titanium alloy, high strength steel, because of being is shaped under the elevated temperature heat state; 6. can process the tubular metal member of heavy wall, because of being is shaped under the elevated temperature heat state.
Compare with other high-temperature water hydroforming method and apparatus, because the mode and the autoclave body outer wall cooling water recirculation system of heating in this equipment adopts, therefore kettle compression strength significantly improves, thereby the operating temperature of working water and operating pressure are significantly improved, enlarged the scope of institute's processing metallic thickness and type, both can be shaped thin-walled, low intensity metal material, heavy wall, high-strength metal material also can be shaped.
4. description of drawings
Figure 1A is at high temperature produced the immense pressure schematic diagram by water
The canister that will be full of the sealing of water (being that packing density is 100%) is heated to 200 ℃, 500 ℃ and 1000 ℃ respectively, and the water in the container will produce the inner high voltage of nearly 200MPa, 800MPa, 1800MPa.
Figure 1B-1 titanium, molybdenum alloy autoclave expand and rupture diagram (A) under the inner high voltage effect that 350 ℃ of high-temperature water produce
Kettle wall thickness and boss ratio (external diameter 48mm, internal diameter 8mm, boss ratio 1: 6) are (B)
Figure 1B-2 stainless steel autoclave is expansion plans (A) under the inner high voltage effect that 480 ℃ of high-temperature water produce
Kettle wall thickness and boss ratio (external diameter 60mm, internal diameter 8mm, boss ratio 1: 7.5) are (B)
Fig. 2 is a tubing superhigh-pressure high-temp hydraulic pressure once shaping technology schematic diagram of the present invention
Along with the temperature of working water increases gradually, also increasing by the pressure that high-temperature water (supercritical water) is produced, the degree that causes metal parts to expand thus also increases gradually.
A-normal temperature is not out of shape; B-low temperature initial bubble; Warm medium expansion among the c-; The complete expansion of d-high temperature.
Fig. 3 is HTHP tubing hydroforming principle of the present invention and step schematic diagram
A-adds water, descending patrix; The b-sealing; The c-heating is shaped; The up patrix of d-is opened sealing punch, takes out the reducing tubular metal member.
The light body member of the hollow variable cross-section of Fig. 4 A (hollow multidiameter) schematic diagram
A-machined member; B-high temperature internal high pressure forming member
Fig. 4 B axis is the hollow unit of curve variable cross-section
Fig. 5 A die cavity is leg-of-mutton tubular metal member once-forming process schematic diagram
Fig. 5 B die cavity is square tubular metal member once-forming process schematic diagram
Fig. 5 C die cavity is I-shaped tubular metal member once-forming process schematic diagram
Fig. 5 D die cavity is pentagonal tubular metal member once-forming process schematic diagram
Fig. 6 A adds in of the present invention to pine for-superhigh-pressure high-temp tubing fluid power once-forming equipment and main member schematic diagram (the electrothermal high-temperature stove places on the high-pressure bottle sidewall)
The 1-high-pressure bottle; The built-in electrothermal high-temperature stove of 2-(21-high-temperature electric heat element; The 22-insulating coating; The metal coating housing of 23-heating outside); The 3-cooling water circulating device; The 4-working water; 5-high-pressure metal pipeline; The 6-muff; The 7-high pressure valve; 8-seals the drift that liquidates; 9-tubing blank support; The 10-metal ferrules; The 11-tube billet; The 12-female mold; Warm preheating furnace among the 13-; The 14-furnace shell; 16-mould fixed support; The 17-Temperature-controlled appliance; 18-mould open/close control appliance; 19-blank support and the sealing drift that liquidates moves axially control appliance.
Fig. 6 B is of the present invention to be placed the electrothermal high-temperature stove to add in the high-pressure bottle bottom and pines for-HTHP metal pipe material fluid power once-forming equipment schematic diagram
Fig. 7 adds in the heat conduction of the present invention to pine for-HTHP tubing fluid power once-forming schematic diagram
With topped up with water all in high-pressure bottle and the tube billet, adopt heat conducting mode to heat water in the tube billet to high temperature, make it produce expansion tube wall and form the required inner high voltage of reducing tubular metal member
Add in the conduction of Fig. 8 A pressure and pine for-HTHP tubing fluid power once-forming step schematic diagram
The tubing blank is cut and preprocessing, make it meet the present device processing request; With topped up with water in the high-pressure bottle.
Add in the conduction of Fig. 8 B pressure and pine for-HTHP tubing fluid power once-forming step schematic diagram
With the taper that axially extending bore the is arranged drift that liquidates tubing blank openend is sealed; The tubing blank is placed on the tubing blank support, and place in the die cavity of overcoat moderate oven descending patrix; Utilize moderate oven that the tubing blank is preheated, make it reach uniform temperature.The tubing blank is in not deformation state of low temperature among the figure.
Add in the conduction of Fig. 8 C pressure and pine for-HTHP tubing fluid power once-forming step schematic diagram
Open the built-in electrothermal high-temperature stove of high-pressure bottle inside, the temperature of working water is to predetermined temperature in the program heating high-pressure container, and along with the rising of furnace temperature, the pressure that is produced by high-temperature water (supercritical water) in the high-pressure bottle also increases sharply.When acquiring a certain degree by the pressure that high-temperature water produced in the high-pressure bottle, open high pressure valve, provide expansion tubing blank needed inner high voltage.Tube billet is in the initial bubble state among the figure.
Add in the conduction of Fig. 8 D pressure and pine for-HTHP tubing fluid power once-forming step schematic diagram
Along with the operating temperature and the operating pressure of working water in the high-pressure bottle further raises, the wall of tubing blank continues dilatancy, until the surperficial basically identical of its outer surface and female mold internal mold.Metal blank is in high temperature complete expansion state among the figure.
Add in the conduction of Fig. 8 E pressure and pine for-HTHP tubing fluid power once-forming step schematic diagram
Close high pressure valve, stop in the tubing blank, providing pressure, when the metal parts of being processed is reduced to safe temperature, open mould and drift and take out the reducing tubular metal member of being processed.
5. detailed description of preferred embodiment
The field that this method and technology are suitable for is very wide, and it not only can be used for automobile (motorcycle) industry, mechanical industry, light industry, also can be used for naval vessel industry, aircraft industry, aerospace industry and weapon industry etc.
This is a preferred embodiment with oval (or circular) reducing tubular metal member temporarily, described in specific implementation method and procedure of processing such as Fig. 8 A-8E.
Claims (19)
1. in the internal heating metal pipe material-the high water pressure once former of high temperature, the huge static pressure of utilizing water at high temperature to be produced, the once-forming metal pipe material is the reducing tubular metal member, it is characterized in that: equipment comprises four major parts and working water (4), and first is a high-temperature high-pressure apparatus: comprise two high-pressure bottles (1), two built-in electrothermal high-temperature stoves (2), reach two jacket water EGRs (3); Second portion is temperature or pressure transmission equipment: comprise two cover high-pressure metal pipelines (5), two cover high-pressure metal pipeline muffs (6), reach two cover high pressure valves (7); Third part is a former: comprise female mold (12), middle temperature preheating furnace (13), middle temperature preheating furnace furnace shell (14), mould fixed support (16), metal pipe material blank (11), metal pipe material charge support (9), seal liquidate drift (8), two metal ferrules (10); The 4th part is a control appliance: comprise Temperature-controlled appliance (17), mould open/close and mobile control device (18), metal pipe material charge support and the sealing drift that liquidates moves axially control appliance (19);
Equipment characteristic: the mode of heating in 1. adopting, be about to built-in electrothermal high-temperature stove (2) and place high-pressure bottle (1) inside, by the working water (4) in the heating high-pressure container (1), working water (4) is produced manage the required high hydraulic pressure that is shaped; 2. two cover forming pressure supply equipments, promptly two with the high-pressure bottle (1) of built-in electrothermal high-temperature stove (2) and working water (4) wherein, in forming process, provides high hydraulic pressure from metal pipe material blank (11) two ends respectively; 3. forming pressure supply equipment and female mold (12) are placed apart, and female mold (12) is high strength and resistant to elevated temperatures ceramic material mould or metal material mould; 4. adopt pressure conduction or heat conducting mode, provide expanding metal tube billet (11) required high hydraulic pressure by high-pressure bottle (1); 5. female mold (12) outside is with warm preheating furnace (13) in, so that metal pipe material blank (11) is preheated.
2. according to claim 1 in the internal heating metal pipe material-and the high water pressure once former of high temperature, it is characterized in that: described two high-pressure bottles (1) are the heavy wall round barrel shape closed containers that is formed by high strength and resistant to elevated temperatures metal material processing.
3. according to claim 1 in the internal heating metal pipe material-and the high water pressure once former of high temperature, it is characterized in that: described built-in electrothermal high-temperature stove (2) comprises silicon carbide rod or silication molybdenum bar high-temperature electric heat element (2-1), insulating coating (2-2), the metal coating housing (2-3) of high-temperature electric heat outside elements and plain conductor four parts of wrapping up in insulating barrier outward; High-temperature electric heat element (2-1) is welded on high-pressure bottle (1) wall together with the metal coating housing (2-3) of outside, and with the plain conductor of wrapping up in insulating barrier outward heating and temperature thermocouple is drawn, and links to each other with Temperature-controlled appliance (17) with external power supply.
4. according to claim 1 in the internal heating metal pipe material-the high water pressure once former of high temperature, it is characterized in that: described cooling water circulating device (3) is circular copper pipe by cross section, be wrapped in high-pressure bottle (1) wall outside all around, be used for cooling off the outer wall of high-pressure bottle (1), improve the tensile strength of high-pressure bottle (1) wall.
5. according to claim 1 in the internal heating metal pipe material-the high water pressure once former of high temperature, it is characterized in that: the working water (4) in the described high-pressure bottle (1) is light water, and adding a spot of ethylene glycol, effect is to reduce described working water (4) corrosivity to high-pressure bottle (1) and metal pipe material blank (11) inwall under high-temperature high-pressure state; Water in the high-pressure bottle (1) is full state, and the water in the metal pipe material blank (11) is what be full of, that partly be full of or filling water not, this to look the intensity of degrees of expansion size, metal pipe material blank (11) of the coefficient of expansion, the metal pipe material blank (11) of forming pressure height, metal pipe material blank (11) cavity size, metal pipe material blank (11) and tube wall thickness come fixed.
6. according to claim 1 in the internal heating metal pipe material-and the high water pressure once former of high temperature, it is characterized in that: described two cover high-pressure metal pipelines (5) all adopt the stainless steel pipeline of little boss ratio; Every suit high-pressure metal pipeline (5) together with the high-pressure metal pipeline muff (6) of high-pressure metal pipeline outside respectively with wherein a cover high-pressure bottle (1), high pressure valve (7) and the sealing drift (8) that liquidates links to each other, and two cover high-pressure metal pipelines (5) are identical with connected mode between above-mentioned each parts, and specifically annexation is; High-pressure metal pipeline (5) one ends are welded on high-pressure bottle (1) or seal on the drift (8) that liquidates, and the other end then is welded on taper or the globe joint, and joint and high pressure valve (7) then adopt the conical surface-conical surface or the conical surface-ball face sealing based on elastic deformation; This high-pressure metal pipeline plays pressure conduction and temperature conduction effect, be about to the high temperature that the high hydraulic pressure that produced by hot operation water (4) in the high-pressure bottle (1) and hot operation water (4) produced and be transmitted in the metal pipe material blank (11) of desire processing, the pipe required high hydraulic pressure that is shaped is provided.
7. according to claim 1 in the internal heating metal pipe material-the high water pressure once former of high temperature, it is characterized in that: described two belts processed by resistant to elevated temperatures asbestos material of cover high-pressure metal pipeline muffs (6) are wrapped in two cover high-pressure metal pipelines (5) outsides, and effect is to reduce heat to be transmitted to loss in metal pipe material blank (11) process by high-pressure bottle (1).
As in the internal heating metal pipe material as described in the claim 6-the high water pressure once former of high temperature, it is characterized in that: described two cover high pressure valves (7) are formed by stainless steel material fine finishining, the both sides of two cover high pressure valves (7) respectively process a nut that contains the conical surface, and link to each other with two cover high-pressure bottles (1) respectively by described high-pressure metal pipeline (5) joint one side, opposite side seals the drift (8) that liquidates and links to each other with two respectively; High pressure valve (7) and the conical surface-conical surface or the conical surface-ball face sealing of high-pressure metal pipeline (5) joint employing based on elastic deformation.
9. according to claim 1 in the internal heating metal pipe material-and the high water pressure once former of high temperature, it is characterized in that: described female mold (12) is formed by high strength and resistant to elevated temperatures ceramic material or metal material processing; Female mold (12) is divided upper and lower two halves, and lower mold half is fixed on the mould fixed support (16), and upper mold half can free folding and moved, and is controlled by mould open/close and mobile control device (18).
10. according to claim 1 in the internal heating metal pipe material-the high water pressure once former of high temperature, it is characterized in that: warm preheating furnace (13) is made by the high-resistance alloy heating in described, tightly be enclosed within female mold (12) outside, match with female mold (12), divide two halves up and down, its effect is that metal pipe material blank (11) is preheated.
11. according to claim 1 in the internal heating metal pipe material-the high water pressure once former of high temperature, it is characterized in that: warm preheating furnace furnace shell (14) is made by steel plate in described, warm preheating furnace (13) outside in tightly being enclosed within, play fastening female mold (12), the impulsive force in the time of can bearing metal pipe material blank (11) thermal expansion; In warm preheating furnace furnace shell (14) match with female mold (12) and middle temperature preheating furnace (13), also be divided into up and down two halves.
12. according to claim 1 in the internal heating metal pipe material-and the high water pressure once former of high temperature, it is characterized in that: described mould fixed support (16) is processed by thick steel products or cast iron.
13. according to claim 1 in the internal heating metal pipe material-and the high water pressure once former of high temperature, it is characterized in that: described metal pipe material charge support (9) is processed by thick steel products or cast iron; In the forming process, move axially control appliance (19) metal pipe material blank (11) is applied axial compressive force by metal pipe material charge support and the sealing drift that liquidates, with feeding feed supplement and sealing metal tubing blank (11) openend.
14. according to claim 1 in the internal heating metal pipe material-the high water pressure once former of high temperature, it is characterized in that: described sealing cone that axially extending bore arranged or the spheroid of drift (8) for being processed by high-strength metal material that liquidate, adopt the conical surface-conical surface or the conical surface-ball face sealing based on elastic deformation with metal pipe material blank (11) openend; The other end that seals the drift (8) that liquidates is welded on the high-pressure metal pipeline (5), and link to each other with high-pressure bottle (1) by high-pressure metal pipeline (5), thereby the high hydraulic pressure that is produced by hot operation water (4) in the high-pressure bottle (1) is delivered in the metal pipe material blank (11) by high-pressure metal pipeline (5), provides the pipe shaping required high hydraulic pressure; This sealing drift (8) that liquidates is fixed on the metal pipe material charge support (9), and move axially control appliance (19) and apply axial compressive force to the sealing at metal pipe material blank (11) the two ends drift (8) that liquidates by metal pipe material charge support and the sealing drift that liquidates, to reach the purpose of sealing metal tubing blank (11).
15. according to claim 1 in the internal heating metal pipe material-the high water pressure once former of high temperature, it is characterized in that: described metal ferrules (10) is formed by high temperature resistant and high-strength alloy materials processing, tightly be enclosed within and seal on the metal pipe material blank (11) that liquidates between drift (8) and the female mold (12), the effect of metal ferrules (10) is to prevent that metal pipe material blank (11) from expanding from the pairing position of metal ferrules (10) in forming process, only expands in female mold (12) thereby limit metal pipe material blank (11).
16. according to claim 1 in the internal heating metal pipe material-and the high water pressure once former of high temperature, it is characterized in that: described Temperature-controlled appliance (17) adopts nichrome alumino-nickel couple or platinum platinum-rhodium thermocouple, and its temperature measurement accuracy reaches 0.2 ℃; The thermocouple outside scribbles insulating coating, places high-pressure bottle (1) inside with built-in electrothermal high-temperature stove (2), and links to each other with Temperature-controlled appliance (17) by plain conductor, and Temperature-controlled appliance (17) is a kind of programmable temperature programming controller.
17. according to claim 1 in the internal heating metal pipe material-the high water pressure once former of high temperature, it is characterized in that: described mould open/close and mobile control device (18) adopt the mode of machinery control, in order to the folding of control patrix with move; And in metal pipe material blank (11) process, female mold (12) is applied an external force, thus make metal pipe material blank (11) touch female mold (12) in a flash in expansion, can not relatively move between two halves female mold (12) up and down.
18. according to claim 1 in the internal heating metal pipe material-the high water pressure once former of high temperature, it is characterized in that: described metal pipe material charge support and the sealing drift that liquidates moves axially control appliance (19), its effect is that the drift (8) that liquidates of the sealing to metal pipe material blank (11) and metal pipe material blank (11) two ends applies axial compressive force, to reach the purpose of sealing metal tubing blank (11) and feeding feed supplement.
19. in the internal heating metal pipe material-the high water pressure once manufacturing process of high temperature, the huge static pressure of utilizing water at high temperature to be produced, the once-forming metal pipe material is the reducing tubular metal member, it is characterized in that: utilize as each described former of claim 1 to 18, mode of heating in adopting, directly heat from the inner working water (4) to wherein of high-pressure bottle (1), produce high hydraulic pressure or high temperature, and this high hydraulic pressure or high temperature are delivered in metal pipe material blank (11) cavity via high-pressure metal pipeline (5), provide the expansion tube wall required high hydraulic pressure, and form metal tube billet (11) is the reducing tubular metal member; Manufacturing process divides two kinds, a kind ofly is in the pressure conduction internal heating metal pipe material-the high water pressure once manufacturing process of high temperature, and another kind is in the heat conduction internal heating metal pipe material-the high water pressure once manufacturing process of high temperature:
In the pressure conduction internal heating metal pipe material-concrete steps of the high water pressure once manufacturing process of high temperature are as follows: 1. at first with topped up with water in two high-pressure bottles (1); 2. adopt the sealing of linear sealing or face, respectively metal pipe material blank (11) both ends open is sealed with two sealings that axially extending bore arranged drift (8) that liquidates, the other end of drift then uses high-pressure metal pipeline (5) drift that will liquidate to link to each other with high-pressure bottle (1); 3. metal pipe material blank (11) is placed the female mold (12) of overcoat temperature preheating furnace (13) to preheat to the temperature of setting; 4. open the inner built-in electrothermal high-temperature stove (2) of high-pressure bottle (1) and the cooling water circulating device (3) of high-pressure bottle (1) wall outside, the working water (4) in adopting in the mode heating high-pressure container (1) of heating is to the temperature of setting; 5. when the pressure that is produced by hot operation water (4) in the high-pressure bottle (1) reaches predetermined pressure, open high pressure valve (7), the high hydraulic pressure that is produced by high-temperature water in the high-pressure bottle (1) is transmitted in the metal pipe material blank (11) by high-pressure metal pipeline (5) like this, the wall of expanding metal tube billet (11) is until the outer surface and female mold (12) the inner surface basically identical of tube wall; 6. close the high pressure valve (7) at metal pipe material blank (11) two ends, open female mold (12) and the sealing drift that liquidates, so just obtain the reducing tubular metal member;
In the heat conduction internal heating metal pipe material-and the concrete steps of the high water pressure once manufacturing process of high temperature are as follows: 1. at first be with topped up with water in two high-pressure bottles (1), and also topped up with water in the metal pipe material blank (11); 2. adopt the sealing of linear sealing or face, respectively metal pipe material blank (11) both ends open is sealed with two sealings that axially extending bore arranged drift that liquidates, the other end of drift then uses high-pressure metal pipeline (5) that the sealing drift that liquidates is linked to each other with high-pressure bottle (1); 3. metal pipe material blank (11) is placed the female mold (12) of overcoat temperature preheating furnace (13) to preheat to the temperature of setting; 4. open the inner built-in electrothermal high-temperature stove (2) of high-pressure bottle (1) and the cooling water circulating device (3) of high-pressure bottle (1) wall outside, working water (4) in adopting in the mode heating high-pressure container (1) of heating is to the temperature of setting, and the operating temperature of built-in electrothermal high-temperature stove (2) will be far above the operating temperature of middle temperature preheating furnace (13); 5. the high temperature that is produced by hot operation water (4) in the high-pressure bottle (1) is transmitted in metal pipe material blank (11) water by high-pressure metal pipeline (5), water in the indirect metal pipe material blank (11) is to high temperature, when surpassing the tension force that tube wall can bear by high pressure that high-temperature water produced in the metal pipe material blank (11), the wall of expanding metal tube billet (11) makes its distortion, and is consistent with female mold (12) inner surface until outer surface of tube wall; 6. stop heating, when the metal parts of being processed and wherein working water (4) when reducing to safe temperature; 7. open female mold (12) and the sealing drift that liquidates, so just obtain the reducing tubular metal member.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200510089941A CN100592942C (en) | 2005-08-08 | 2005-08-08 | Internal heating metal pipe material medium-high temperature high water pressure once shaping method and equipment |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200510089941A CN100592942C (en) | 2005-08-08 | 2005-08-08 | Internal heating metal pipe material medium-high temperature high water pressure once shaping method and equipment |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1824410A CN1824410A (en) | 2006-08-30 |
| CN100592942C true CN100592942C (en) | 2010-03-03 |
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| JP5437730B2 (en) * | 2009-07-31 | 2014-03-12 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Hot bulge forming apparatus, hot bulge forming method, and hot bulge formed product |
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