JP2011021355A - Mortar excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a mortar excavator for use in excavation of a mortar layer constituting a slab track of a railroad, which can be used even for the slab track with a narrow excavation location while securing sufficient cutting depth, which improves operability, and which achieves miniaturization and weight reduction. <P>SOLUTION: This mortar excavator 11 includes a vertically-elongated drive shaft 14c, and an excavating blade 14d which is supported by a lower end of the drive shaft and rotated for excavation around the drive shaft; the excavating blade 14d comprises a first shank which is constituted coaxially with the drive shaft and rotated by undergoing power from the drive shaft, a second shank which is located in a position to horizontally deviate from the first shank and rotated on the axis parallel to the first shank, and a caterpillar which is looped over the first and second shanks and which has a peripherally-formed cutting edge; and the second shank is located in a first position parallel to the first shank along the direction of elongation of a rail 3 laid on the slab track, and a second position to deviate in the width direction of the rail with respect to the first shank. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a mortar excavator used for excavation of a mortar layer constituting a slab track of a railway.

  Generally, a railroad slab track has a three-layer structure of roadbed concrete, a mortar layer, and a track slab from the lower side, and the rail is laid on the track slab via a fastening device. The mortar layer controls the thickness of the track slab by adjusting its thickness, and also has an effect of absorbing noise and vibration generated when the vehicle travels on the rail. In addition to cement asphalt mortar (CA mortar), resin mortar or the like is used as the material of the mortar layer.

  By the way, in order for the mortar layer to absorb the noise and vibration described above, in order to maintain a desired absorbing action, it is necessary to periodically remove the old mortar layer and fill the removed portion with new mortar. In removing the mortar layer, a mortar excavator is used (see Patent Document 1).

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 1-65301

  A schematic structure of a conventional mortar excavator is illustrated in FIG. In FIG. 5, reference numeral 1 denotes a slab track. As described above, the slab track 1 has a three-layer structure of a roadbed concrete 1a, a mortar layer 1b, and a track slab 1c from the lower side. A rail fastening device 2 is provided on the track slab 1c. 3 is laid. In the following description, unless otherwise specified, the extending direction of the rail 3 is referred to as “front and rear”, and the horizontal direction orthogonal to the extending direction of the rail 3 is referred to as “left and right”. In addition, the terms “upper and lower”, “front and rear”, “left and right” and the like used in the description of the mortar excavator all indicate the extending direction of the rail 3 when the mortar excavator is installed on the slab track 1. It shall be based on the reference positional relationship.

The mortar excavator 4 includes a frame 5, a rail gripping part 6 provided on one end side of the frame 5, an excavating part 7 provided on the other end side of the frame 5, and a guide provided on the center part of the frame 5. The roller portion 8 is generally configured.
The rail gripping portion 6 includes a pair of rollers 6a and 6b that sandwich the head 3a of the rail 3 from the left and right, and operates the handle 6c to rotate the roller 6a. It is possible to move along the extending direction.
The excavation unit 7 includes a main body 7a and slide guides 7b and 7c that move the main body 7a up and down and left and right respectively. The main body 7a includes a motor 7d and a drive shaft that is driven by the motor 7d and extends vertically. A disc-shaped excavation blade 7e supported at the lower end so as to be coaxial with the drive shaft is provided. Moreover, the code | symbol 7f is a guard which covers a part of excavation blade 7e from the outer side.
The guide roller portion 8 includes a roller 8a and a leg portion 8b that is fixed to the frame 5 and supports the roller 8a so that the roller 8a can move up and down, and the roller 5a is brought into contact with the upper surface of the track slab 1c, thereby The rail 3 is supported so as to be movable along the extending direction.

As shown in FIG. 5, the mortar excavator 4 grips the rail 3 with the rollers 6 a and 6 b of the rail gripping portion 6, the frame 5 extends right and left on the rail 3, and the excavating portion 7 is a side surface of the slab track 1. The roller 8a of the guide roller portion 8 protrudes outward from 1d and is installed on the slab track 1 so as to contact the upper surface of the track slab 1c outside the rail 3. At this time, the slide guides 7b and 7c are operated so that the side surface of the excavating blade 7e that is not covered with the guard 7f is opposed to the mortar layer 1b exposed on the side surface 1d from the outside.
In this state, the motor 7d is activated to rotate the excavating blade 7e, and the slide guide 7c is operated to move the main body 7a to the side surface 1d as shown by the arrow M in FIG. The blade 7e contacts the mortar layer 1b exposed on the side surface 1d, and the mortar layer 1b is excavated and removed from the outside. In this case, the movement (feed) of the excavating blade 7e in the left-right direction is performed by operating the slide guide 7c. Further, the excavating blade 7e is moved (feeded) in the front-rear direction by operating the handle 6c to rotate the roller 6a and accordingly rotating the roller 8a back and forth on the upper surface of the track slab 1c.

By the way, depending on the slab track 1, a convex portion (such as a side wall for a passage) as shown by reference numeral 1e in FIG. 5 may be formed at a position facing the side surface 1d on the roadbed concrete 1a. However, in the conventional mortar excavator 4, the left and right width W of the groove portion G formed between the side surface 1d and the side surface 1f of the convex portion 1e facing the side surface 1d is the outer diameter of the excavating blade 7e ( More precisely, if it is smaller than the width (D) in the left-right direction of the part consisting of the excavation blade 7e and the guard 7f, the convex portion 1e becomes an obstacle and the excavation blade 7e cannot be inserted into the groove portion G. As a result, the side surface of the excavation blade 7e cannot be opposed to the mortar layer 1b on the side surface 1d from the outside, and the mortar layer 1b cannot be excavated.
On the other hand, when the outer diameter of the digging blade 7e is made small so that the digging blade 7e can be inserted into the groove G, the depth (cutting depth) from the side surface 1d of the mortar layer 1b excavated by the digging blade 7e becomes small. In some cases, sufficient excavation and removal of the mortar layer 1b may be impossible.

  Further, when the excavating blade 7e is moved in the vertical and horizontal directions, it is necessary to operate the slide guides 7b and 7c to move the main body 7a up and down and left and right. The main body 7a includes a motor 7d and the like, and therefore has a corresponding weight. As a result, the labor required to operate the slide guides 7b and 7c increases. Moreover, the slide guides 7b and 7c themselves are increased in size and the weight thereof is increased because the main body 7a having a corresponding weight is required to be moved while being supported as described above.

  As described above, the feed of the excavating blade 7e in the front-rear direction is performed by the roller 8a rotating back and forth on the upper surface of the track slab 1c. For example, the rail slab 1c is installed by installing a rail fall prevention device or the like. If unevenness occurs on the upper surface, the unevenness may interfere with the rotation of the roller 8a on the upper surface of the track slab 1c.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances. For example, the present invention can be used while securing a sufficient depth of cut even for a slab track 1 having a narrow groove portion G in which a conventional excavating blade 7e cannot be used. The purpose is to provide a mortar excavator that is excellent in performance and can be reduced in size and weight.

  The mortar excavator of the present invention is a mortar excavator used for excavation of a mortar layer constituting a slab track of a railway, and is supported by a drive shaft extending vertically and a lower end of the drive shaft, and around the drive shaft The excavating blade is provided with an excavating blade that rotates and excavates, and the excavating blade is coaxial with the drive shaft and is rotated by receiving power from the drive shaft, and is displaced from the first shaft portion in the horizontal direction. A second shaft portion rotating around an axis parallel to the first shaft portion, and an endless track having a cutting edge formed around the first shaft portion and the second shaft portion. The second shaft portion has a first position parallel to the first shaft portion along the extending direction of the rail laid on the slab track, and the width direction of the rail with respect to the first shaft portion. It is characterized by taking a second position that is shifted in the direction.

  Here, the width of the excavating blade along the width direction of the rail is formed at a portion where the mortar layer of the slab track is exposed when the second shaft portion takes the first position. The width of the groove portion is narrower than the width along the width direction of the rail, and when the second shaft portion takes the second position, the width of the groove portion is wider than the width along the width direction of the rail. It is desirable.

  The drive shaft is preferably connected to a drive source for rotating the drive shaft so as to be movable up and down.

  In addition, a rocking mechanism for rocking the excavating blade around the drive shaft is provided, and by operating the rocking mechanism to rock the excavating blade around the drive shaft, the second shaft portion is It is desirable to take the first position and the second position.

  Further, the slab track has an upper surface and a side surface from which the mortar layer is exposed along the extending direction of the rail, and the mortar excavator is configured so that the rail extends on the ridge side between the upper surface and the side surface. It is desirable that a roller that rotates along the extending direction of the rail is supported so as to be movable along the extending direction of the rail.

According to the mortar excavator of the present invention, the excavating blade rotates about an axis parallel to the first shaft portion, which is positioned in the horizontal direction from the first shaft portion and the first shaft portion that is coaxial with the drive shaft. A second shaft portion, an endless track having a cutting edge formed around the first shaft portion and the second shaft portion, and a rail on which the second shaft portion is laid on the slab track A first position parallel to the first shaft portion and a second position shifted in the width direction of the rail with respect to the first shaft portion are taken along the extending direction.
The second shaft portion takes the first position, thereby minimizing the width along the width direction of the excavating blade rail, while the second shaft portion takes the second position, It becomes possible to relatively widen the width along the width direction. As a result, when the second shaft portion takes the first position, it is possible to install the excavating blade also at an excavation site having a narrow width along the rail width direction. On the other hand, when the second shaft portion takes the second position, the width along the width direction of the rail of the excavating blade can be relatively expanded, and a sufficient cutting depth can be secured.

  For example, the width of the excavating blade along the width direction of the rail, and when the second shaft portion takes the first position, the rail of the groove formed in the portion where the mortar layer of the slab track is exposed It is narrower than the width along the width direction, and when the second shaft portion takes the second position, it is set so as to be wider than the width along the width direction of the rail of the groove portion. After the excavation blade is inserted into the groove with the shaft portion in the first position, the second shaft portion is moved to the second position, and the width along the width direction of the rail of the excavation blade is relatively It is possible to expand and excavate the mortar layer.

  Furthermore, the depth of cut can be adjusted by changing the position along the width direction of the rail of the second shaft portion relative to the first shaft portion when the second shaft portion assumes the second position. Therefore, it is not necessary to move the main part of the mortar excavator including the drive source when adjusting the depth of cut. As a result, the movable part can be reduced in size and weight, and the operability is improved.

  Further, since the drive shaft is connected to the drive source so as to move up and down, only the drive shaft and the excavation blade need to be moved when the excavation blade moves up and down. Therefore, it is not necessary to move the main part of the mortar excavator including the drive source when the excavating blade moves up and down. As a result, the movable part can be reduced in size and weight, and the operability is improved.

  In addition, a rocking mechanism for rocking the excavating blade around the drive shaft is provided, and by operating the rocking mechanism to rock the excavating blade around the drive shaft, the second shaft portion is Since the first position and the second position are taken, the second shaft portion can be easily moved by operating the swing mechanism, and the operability is improved.

  In addition, since the mortar excavator is supported so as to be movable along the rail extension direction by a roller that rotates along the rail extension direction on the ridge between the upper surface and the side surface of the slab track. Even if unevenness or the like is present on the upper surface of the track, the roller can be rotated along the extending direction of the rail, and the mortar excavator can be moved along the extending direction of the rail. As a result, the operability and versatility of the mortar excavator are improved.

It is a side view along arrow A in Drawing 2 showing an example of the structure of the mortar excavator concerning the present invention. It is a top view along arrow B in FIG. 1 of the mortar excavator shown in FIG. It is a partial cross section figure along the front-back direction which shows the structure of the excavation part of the mortar excavator shown in FIG. It is a top view which shows the structure of the excavation blade used for the mortar excavator shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the example of the conventional mortar excavator.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
Examples of the structure of the mortar excavator 11 according to the present invention are shown in FIGS. FIG. 1 is a side view of the mortar excavator 11 along the arrow A in FIG. 2, and FIG. 2 is a top view of the mortar excavator 11 along the arrow B in FIG.
The mortar excavator 11 includes a frame 12, a rail gripping portion 13 provided on one end side of the frame 12, and an excavating portion 14 and a guide roller portion 15 provided on the other end side of the frame 12.

  The frame 12 includes a first frame 12a provided with a rail gripping part 13, a second frame 12b provided with an excavation part 14 and a guide roller part 15, and before and after connecting the first frame 12a and the second frame 12b. As shown in FIG. 2, it has a rectangular shape when viewed from above. As shown in FIG. 1, when the mortar excavator 11 is installed on the slab track 1, the first frame 12 a and the second frame 12 b protrude outward from the upper side of the rail 3 and the side surface 1 d of the slab track 1. The connecting portion 12c is inclined downward from the first frame 12a side to the second frame 12b side so that the second frame 12b is positioned lower than the first frame 12a. Furthermore, an aluminum-based material is used for the frame 12 for the purpose of weight reduction.

  The rail gripping portion 13 includes a pair of rollers 13a and 13b that sandwich the head 3a of the rail 3 from the left and right, and a roller 13c that comes into contact with the upper end surface of the head 3a from above. The rollers 13a and 13b The mortar excavator 11 is supported by the rail 3 by sandwiching the head portion 3a from the left and right sides and bringing flange portions 13d and 13e provided at the lower ends of the rollers 13a and 13b into contact with the lower surface of the head portion 3a from the lower left and right sides. The Here, the roller 13a is supported by a frame 13h (described later) supported by the end of the first frame 12a so as to be rotatable about a vertical axis, and the roller 13b is supported from the front and rear ends of the first frame 12a. The protruding horizontal plate 13f is supported so as to be rotatable about a vertical axis. The roller 13c is supported between a pair of left and right vertical plates 13g protruding from the front and rear ends of the first frame 12a so as to be rotatable about a horizontal axis. As a result, the mortar excavator 11 can move along the extending direction of the rail 3 by the rotation of the rollers 13a, 13b, and 13c.

The frame 13h is a member disposed at the front and rear ends of the first frame 12a, and a pair of front and rear ends 12d extending in the width direction of the rail 3 from the front and rear ends of the first frame 12a are respectively provided at the front end thereof. It is inserted. From the end portion 12d, shafts 12e each having a male screw formed in the periphery thereof extend in the width direction of the rail 3, and engage with these shafts 12e from the outside of the frame 13h (left side in FIGS. 1 and 2). The frame 13h is detachably supported on the first frame 12a by the pressing member 13i and the clamp handle 13j screwed to the shaft 12d from the outside of the pressing member 13i.
Further, as described above, at the front and rear end portions of the frame 13h, the roller 13a is supported on the lower surface of the frame 13h so as to be rotatable about a vertical axis. Further, of the rollers 13a positioned at the front and rear, one of the rollers 13a (the roller 13a positioned on the lower side in FIG. 2) has a shaft of a handle 13k installed horizontally on the upper surface of the frame 13h, and a spur gear (not shown). Connected through. The mortar excavator 11 can be moved along the extending direction of the rail 3 by operating the handle 13k and rotating the roller 13a.

  The excavation unit 14 includes a motor (drive source) 14a, a drive shaft 14c connected to the motor 14a via a speed reducer 14b, an excavation blade 14d supported on the lower end of the drive shaft 14c, and the excavation blade 14d as a drive shaft. And a rocking mechanism 14e that rocks around 14c. The excavation part 14 is installed on the second frame 12b, and its position is such that when the mortar excavator 11 is installed on the slab track 1 as shown in FIGS. It is determined in advance so as to be positioned substantially on the side of the mortar layer 1b exposed on 1d.

  The structure of the excavation part 14 is shown in FIG. The motor 14a is installed on the second frame 12b so that its output shaft (not shown) extends left and right. The speed reducer 14b decelerates the rotation of the motor 14a and converts the direction of rotation from horizontal to vertical, and includes a cylindrical output shaft (not shown) extending vertically. Further, a key that protrudes inward in the radial direction is extended in the vertical direction on the inner peripheral surface of the output shaft of the speed reducer 14b.

  The drive shaft 14c has an outer diameter substantially the same as the inner diameter of the output shaft of the speed reducer 14b, is inserted so as to be coaxial with the output shaft of the speed reducer 14b, and penetrates the speed reducer 14b vertically. A keyway 14f is formed vertically on the upper end of the drive shaft 14c along the longitudinal direction. The key groove 14f has a part of the outer peripheral surface of the drive shaft 14c recessed inward in the radial direction, the width thereof is substantially the same as the key, and the length is longer than the key. The upper end of the drive shaft 14c is inserted into the output shaft of the speed reducer 14b, and the key and the key groove 14f are engaged to drive the output shaft of the speed reducer 14b due to the rotation of the motor 14a. The shaft 14c can be rotated. Further, since the length of the key groove 14f is longer than that of the key, the drive is performed in a state where the key and the key groove 14f are engaged, that is, in a state where the drive shaft 14c is connected to the motor 14a via the speed reducer 14b. The shaft 14c can be moved up and down with respect to the motor 14a and the speed reducer 14b.

A vertical movement mechanism 14g for moving the drive shaft 14c up and down is disposed at the upper end of the speed reducer 14b. The vertical movement mechanism 14g includes a cylindrical outer casing 101 and an inner casing 102 that are coaxial with the drive shaft 14c, and a bearing 103 that is fixed inside the inner casing 102 and rotatably supports the upper end of the drive shaft 14c. ing.
The outer casing 101 is fixed to the upper end of the speed reducer 14 b, and a female screw is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the outer casing 101, and a male screw is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the inner casing 102. Then, by screwing the female screw and the male screw and rotating the inner casing 102 around its axis, the inner casing 102 and the drive shaft 14c supported by the inner casing 102 via the bearing 103 are obtained. The outer casing 101 can be moved up and down. Reference numeral 104 denotes a handle for rotating the inner casing 102 provided at the upper end of the inner casing 102, and reference numeral 105 denotes an unnecessary lowering of the inner casing 102 by being screwed into the inner casing 102 above the outer casing 101. It is a lock nut that regulates.

As shown in FIG. 4, the excavating blade 14d is a disc-shaped first shaft portion 106 that is supported at the lower end of the drive shaft 14c so as to be coaxial with the drive shaft 14c, and is horizontally displaced from the first shaft portion 106. And is wound around a disc-shaped second shaft portion 108 that rotates about a shaft 107 parallel to the first shaft portion, and the first shaft portion 106 and the second shaft portion 108, and a cutting blade 109 is provided around the periphery. And an endless track 110 formed.
Reference numeral 111 denotes a stay that rotatably supports the second shaft portion 108, and reference numeral 112 denotes a moving direction of the mortar excavator 11 during excavation, which will be described later, on the endless track 110 that is stretched over the first shaft portion 106. It is a cover which covers from the back side (left side in FIG. 4). Both the stay 111 and the cover 112 are fixed to a lower end of a base 114 described later.
Here, the left and right width (width along the width direction of the rail 3) D of the excavating blade 14d including the cover 112 is set so that the first shaft portion 106 and the second shaft portion 108 extend along the extending direction of the rail 3. When arranged in parallel (when the second shaft portion 108 takes a first position described later), a width D is formed between the side surface 1d of the track slab 1c and the side surface 1f of the convex portion 1e. It is set in advance so as to be smaller than the left and right width W of the groove portion G.

The swing mechanism 14e is a circular base 114 supported at the lower end of the drive shaft 14c so as to be relatively rotatable via a bearing 113, and a circle extending upward from both ends of the base 114 so as to sandwich the drive shaft 14c. A pair of columnar arms 115, a cylindrical holder 117 supported by the second frame 12b so as to be rotatable from below via a bearing 116, and covering the periphery of the drive shaft 14c with a predetermined gap, and a holder 117 And a horizontal worm wheel 118 through which an arm 115 is inserted, and a screw gear 119 screwed into the worm wheel 118. Here, the holder 117 and the worm wheel 118 are both coaxial with the drive shaft 14c.
Further, the pair of arms 115 are inserted into a pair of holes 120 formed so as to sandwich the drive shaft 14c in the worm wheel 118 and a cylindrical collar 121 extending downward from the holes 120 so as to be movable up and down from below. Yes. The outer diameter of the arm 115 is substantially the same as the inner diameter of the hole 120 and the collar 121.

The screw gear 119 is rotatably supported by the second frame 12b, and its side surface extends to the side (right side in FIG. 1) so as to be screwed with the worm wheel 118. A handle 122 is provided at the tip of the screw gear 119. It has been. When the handle 122 is rotated, the rotation of the handle 122 is transmitted to the worm wheel 118 via the screw gear 119, and the worm wheel 118 rotates. As a result, the arm 115, the base 114, and the stay 111 and the cover 112 of the excavating blade 14d described above are rotated (oscillated) around the drive shaft 14c by following the worm wheel 118.
That is, in the case of the mortar excavator 11 according to the present embodiment, the stay 111 is operated by swinging the stay 111 of the excavating blade 14d around the drive shaft 14c by operating the swing mechanism 14e (specifically, the handle 122). The second shaft portion 108 supported by the first shaft portion parallel to the first shaft portion 106 along the extending direction of the rail 3 (the position indicated by the symbol (a) in FIG. 4), and the first shaft portion It is possible to take a second position (a position indicated by a symbol (b) in FIG. 4) that is shifted in the width direction of the rail 3 with respect to 106.

By operating the handle 122 to move the second shaft portion 108 from the first position to the second position, the end portion of the excavating blade 14d on the second shaft portion 108 side is at the position indicated by reference numeral (c). From, for example, it moves (swings) to the position indicated by the symbol (d). As a result, the left and right width D of the excavating blade 14d is larger than that when the second shaft portion 108 is in the first position as shown by reference numeral D1 in FIGS. 1 and 4, for example. Zoom in to the side.
In this case, the left and right width D of the excavating blade 14d is based on the extending direction of the rail 3 and the swing angle θ of the second shaft portion 108 with the drive shaft 14c as a fulcrum (provided that θ is 0 ° or more) It expands with an increase of 90 degrees or less. That is, when the second shaft portion 108 is in the first position, the swing angle θ is 0 degree, and the left and right width D of the excavating blade 14d is increased as the swing angle θ is increased. FIG. 3 shows a state where the swing angle θ is 90 degrees.

  Further, when the excavating blade 14d is swung by the above operation, when the mortar excavator 11 is installed on the slab track 1 as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. The direction of the end portion is determined so as to swing to the side surface 1d side (left side in FIG. 1, that is, opposite to the protruding side of the handle 122) of the opposing slab track 1. Further, the excavation rotation direction of the endless track 110 constituting the excavating blade 14d and the direction of the cutting edge 109 are such that the end of the excavating blade 14d on the second shaft portion 108 side is located forward in the forward / backward movement (feed) direction during excavation. At the time of excavation, it is determined that the cutting edge 109 is excavated by contacting the mortar layer 1b while moving forward from the rear in the feeding direction. For example, in the case of FIG. 4, the forward and backward feed directions during excavation are rightward in the figure, and the excavation rotation direction of the endless track 110 is the direction indicated by the arrow R.

The guide roller portion 15 is supported by a cylindrical fixed case 15a, a columnar expansion / contraction arm 15b that protrudes from the distal end of the fixed case 15a in an extending direction, and a distal end of the expansion / contraction arm 15b. A holder 15c, a roller 15d rotatably supported by the holder 15c, and a handle 15e provided at the base end of the fixed case 15a and operating the telescopic arm 15b to expand and contract.
As shown in FIG. 2, the guide roller portion 15 is fixed to the front and rear ends of the second frame 12b via a base 15f with the roller 15d facing the first frame 12a. 1 and 2, when the mortar excavator 11 is installed on the slab track 1, the side surface of the roller 15d is the upper surface of the slab track 1 (specifically, the track slab). 1c) and the side surface 1d of the slab track 1 (side surface on which the mortar layer 1b is exposed) 1d abuts obliquely from above, and the roller 15d rotates on the edge 1g along the extending direction of the rail 3. It is inclined downward from the second frame 12b side toward the first frame 12a side so as to be movable.

Next, a procedure for excavating the mortar layer 1b by the mortar excavator 11 having the above configuration will be described below.
The mortar excavator 11 is installed on the slab track 1 as shown in FIGS. At this time, the second shaft portion 108 of the excavating blade 14d is set to a first position parallel to the first shaft portion 106 along the extending direction of the rail 3. The frame 13h is removed from the frame 12.

  In this state, the roller 13b is brought into contact with the head 3a of the rail 3 from the side (right side in FIG. 1), and the roller 13c is brought into contact with the upper end surface of the head 3a from above. Further, the roller 15d is brought into contact with the ridge side 1g of the slab track 1 obliquely from above. Next, the end portion 12d of the first frame 12a is inserted through the front and rear ends of the frame 13h, the pressing member 13i is engaged with the shaft 12e extending from the end portion 12d, and the clamp handle 13j is screwed to the shaft 12d. The clamp handle 13j is tightened. As a result, the frame 13h is pressed against the rail 3 side by the pressing member 13i pressed by the clamp handle 13j, and the roller 13a provided on the frame 13h is lateral to the head 3a of the rail 3 (left side in FIG. 1). Abut. As a result, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the head 3a is gripped by the rollers 13a, 13b, and 13c from the top, bottom, left, and right.

  Further, by operating the handle 15e of the guide roller portion 15, the excavating blade 14d is parallel to the mortar layer 1b, and the roller 15d is rotatable on the ridge 1g along the extending direction of the rail 3. The protrusion amount of the telescopic arm 15b from the fixed case 15a is adjusted. Further, by operating the handle 104 of the vertical movement mechanism 14g, the drive shaft 14c and the excavation blade 14d supported by the lower end of the drive shaft 14c are moved up and down, and the excavation blade 14d moves to a desired excavation location in the mortar layer 1b. The height of the digging blade 14d is adjusted so as to come to the side. In this case, among the swing mechanism 14e, the bearing 113, the base 114, and the arm 115 supported by the excavation shaft 14c move up and down together with the excavation shaft 14c, but other members (bearing 116 to handle) that constitute the swing mechanism 14e. 122) does not move up and down because it is supported by the second frame 12b, not the excavation shaft 14c.

  In this state, the motor 14a is driven to rotate the excavation blade 14d, and the handle 122 is operated to move the second shaft portion 108 from the first position to the second position. The end portion on the second shaft portion 108 side is swung from the position indicated by reference numeral (c) in the drawing to, for example, the position indicated by reference numeral (d). As a result, the cutting edge 109 comes into contact with the mortar layer 1b from the side (the right side in FIGS. 1 and 2), and the mortar layer 1b is excavated. Here, the depth (cut depth) from the side surface 1d of the mortar layer 1b excavated by the excavating blade 14d is the end of the excavating blade 14d on the second shaft portion 108 side accompanying the swinging of the slab track 1. This is done by adjusting the amount of protrusion toward the side surface 1d.

In parallel with the above operation, the handle 13k is operated to rotate the roller 13a, thereby moving the mortar excavator 11 along the extending direction of the rail 3. At this time, as indicated by an arrow F in FIG. 2, the handle 13k is operated so that the end of the excavating blade 14d on the second shaft portion 108 side is positioned on the front side in the movement direction. As a result, the mortar excavator 11 moves along the extending direction of the rail 3 at a speed corresponding to the operation (rotation amount) of the handle 13k, and accordingly, the excavating blade 14d moves the moving speed of the mortar excavator 11. The mortar layer 1b is sequentially excavated and removed at a depth corresponding to the cutting depth while moving along the extending direction of the rail 3 with a feed amount according to the above.
As the mortar excavator 11 moves, the rollers 13a, 13b, and 13c rotate while gripping the head 3a, and the roller 15d rotates on the ridge 1g and supports the mortar excavator 11. , Respectively, along the extending direction of the rail 3.

  At the end of excavation, the motor 14a is stopped to stop the rotation of the excavating blade 14d, and then the handle 122 is operated to return the second shaft portion 108 from the second position to the first position. Then, an operation reverse to the installation of the mortar excavator 11 is performed to remove the frame 13 h from the frame 12, and then the mortar excavator 11 is removed from the rail 3 and the slab track 1.

In the mortar excavator 11 of the present invention, the excavation blade 14d is parallel to the first shaft portion 106 that is positioned in the horizontal direction from the first shaft portion 106 and the first shaft portion 106 that is coaxial with the drive shaft 14c. A second shaft portion 108 that rotates about an axis, and the second shaft portion 108 has a first position parallel to the first shaft portion 106 along the extending direction of the rail 3, and the first shaft portion 106. On the other hand, the second position shifted in the width direction of the rail 3 is taken. When the second shaft portion 108 takes the first position, the left and right width D of the excavating blade 14d can be minimized. As a result, it is possible to install the excavating blade 14d even at an excavation site where the left and right widths are narrow.
For example, even if a convex portion (such as a side wall for a passage) as shown by reference numeral 1e in FIGS. 1 and 2 is formed at a position facing the side surface 1d on the roadbed concrete 1a, for example, The left and right width D of the excavating blade 14d when the shaft portion 108 takes a first position to be described later is set to the left and right of the groove portion G formed between the side surface 1d of the track slab 1c and the side surface 1f of the convex portion 1e. By setting in advance so as to be smaller than the width W, the excavating blade 14d can be installed in the groove G if the second shaft portion 108 is in the first position.

On the other hand, when the second shaft portion 108 takes the second position, it is possible to relatively widen the left and right widths D of the excavating blade 14d and to secure a sufficient cutting depth.
Therefore, according to this mortar excavator 11, after installing the excavation blade 14d at the excavation site with the second shaft portion 108 in the first position, the second shaft portion 108 is moved to the second position, It is possible to relatively widen the left and right widths of the excavating blade 14d and excavate the mortar layer 1b. In other words, for example, it is possible to perform excavation while ensuring a sufficient cutting depth even for the slab track 1 having a narrow groove portion G in which the conventional excavation blade 7e cannot be used. Incidentally, in the case of the mortar excavator 11 of this embodiment, the cutting depth is about 150 mm, and the cutting depth is greatly increased as compared with the conventional mortar excavator 4 (the cutting depth is about 100 mm). Moreover, since the excavating blade 14d of the type that rotates the endless track 110 having the cutting edge 109 formed around it is adopted, the excavating force is increased. As a result, in addition to the CA mortar, conventionally, excavation has been difficult. The mortar layer 1b made of mortar can be excavated.

  Further, by changing the swing angle θ of the second shaft portion 108 (relative position of the second shaft portion 108 with respect to the first shaft portion 106) when the second shaft portion 108 takes the second position, the depth of cut is increased. The height can be adjusted. Therefore, when adjusting the cutting depth, it is not necessary to move the main part of the mortar excavator 11 including the drive system from the motor 14a to the drive shaft 14c. As a result, the movable part of the mortar excavator 11 can be reduced in size and weight, and the operability is improved. Incidentally, in the case of the mortar excavator 11 of this embodiment, the total weight is about 100 kg, and the weight is greatly reduced as compared with the conventional mortar excavator 4 (total weight is about 180 kg).

  Further, since the drive shaft 14c is connected to the motor 14a so as to be movable up and down, only the drive shaft 14d and the excavation blade 14d (and the base 114 and the arm 115 of the swing mechanism 14e) are moved when the excavation blade 14d moves up and down. Move it. Therefore, it is not necessary to move the main part of the mortar excavator 11 as described above when the excavating blade 14d moves up and down. As a result, the movable part of the mortar excavator 11 can be reduced in size and weight, and the operability is improved.

  The excavating blade 14d is provided with a swinging mechanism 14e that swings around the drive shaft 14c, and the swinging mechanism 14e (specifically, the handle 122) is operated to swing the excavating blade 14d around the drive shaft 14c. Thus, the second shaft portion 108 takes the first position and the second position. Therefore, the second shaft portion 108 can be easily swung by operating the handle 122, and the operability is improved.

  Further, the mortar excavator 11 is movable along the extending direction of the rail 3 by a roller 15d that rotates along the extending direction of the rail 3 on the ridge 1g between the upper surface and the side surface 1d of the slab track 1. It is supported. For this reason, even if there is unevenness or the like on the upper surface of the slab track 1 due to reasons such as installing a member (such as a tipping prevention device) indicated by reference numeral 9 in FIG. The mortar excavator 11 can be moved along the extending direction of the rail 3 by rotating along the extending direction of the rail 3. As a result, the operability and versatility of the mortar excavator 11 are improved.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it can be used while securing a sufficient cutting depth even for a slab track having a narrow excavation point where a conventional excavating blade cannot be used, and has excellent operability and a small size. It is possible to provide a mortar excavator that can be reduced in weight and weight.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Slab track, 1b ... Mortar layer, 1g ... Ridge of upper surface and side surface of slab track, 3 ... Rail, 11 ... Mortar excavator, 14a ... Motor (drive source), 14c ... Drive shaft, 14d ... Excavation blade , 14e ... swing mechanism, 15 ... roller, 106 ... first shaft, 107 ... shaft, 108 ... second shaft, 109 ... cutting blade, 110 ... endless track

Claims (5)

A mortar excavator used for excavation of a mortar layer constituting a slab track of a railway,
A drive shaft extending vertically,
A drilling blade supported by the lower end of the drive shaft and rotated by excavation around the drive shaft;
The excavation blade is coaxial with the drive shaft, is rotated by receiving power from the drive shaft, and is parallel to the first shaft portion that is offset from the first shaft portion in the horizontal direction. A second shaft portion that rotates about a specific axis;
An endless track having a cutting edge formed around the first shaft portion and the second shaft portion;
The second shaft portion has a first position parallel to the first shaft portion along the extending direction of the rail laid on the slab track, and the width direction of the rail with respect to the first shaft portion. A mortar excavator characterized by taking a shifted second position.   The width of the excavating blade along the width direction of the rail is a groove portion formed at a portion where the mortar layer of the slab track is exposed when the second shaft portion is located at the first position. The width of the groove portion is narrower than the width along the rail width direction, and when the second shaft portion takes the second position, the groove portion is wider than the width of the rail along the rail width direction. The mortar excavator according to claim 1.   The mortar excavator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the drive shaft is connected to a drive source for rotating the drive shaft so as to be movable up and down.   A swing mechanism for swinging the excavating blade about the drive shaft is provided, and the second shaft portion is moved to the first shaft by operating the swing mechanism to swing the excavating blade about the drive shaft. The mortar excavator according to claim 1, wherein the mortar excavator takes a second position and a second position. The slab track has an upper surface along the extending direction of the rail, and a side surface from which the mortar layer is exposed,
The ridges between the upper surface and the side surface are supported so as to be movable along the extending direction of the rail by rollers that rotate along the extending direction of the rail. The mortar excavator according to 2, 3 or 4.

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