JP2011018066A - Key information detecting device of electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electronic musical instrument enabling continuous hitting performance such that the same key is instantaneously hit multiple times.SOLUTION: The electronic musical instrument with a key touch sensor provided for each keyboard, which measures a key pressing speed by using a first switch SW1 and a second switch SW2 which sequentially change according to a pressing degree, includes; a measuring means which starts measurement from the time when the second switch SW2 changes from a pressing state to a steady state, and which finishes measurement when the second switch SW2 changes from the steady state to the pressing state; and a continuous hitting performance detecting means which detects hitting performance when the second key switch SW2 is changed from the steady state to the pressing state, in a pressing state of the first switch SW1.

Description

  The present invention relates to a key information detection apparatus for an electronic musical instrument, and more particularly, to a key touch sensor that measures a key pressing speed using two switches that are provided for each key and that change in order according to the degree of pressing. Is preferred.

  Conventionally, in an electronic keyboard instrument such as an electronic piano, in order to obtain a key touch feeling similar to the key touch feeling of an acoustic piano, a hammer arm having a predetermined weight is placed vertically below the key. A device that is provided so as to be pivotable and that applies a predetermined action load to the key by causing the hammer arm to rotationally displace against its own weight as the key is pressed has been put into practical use.

  In such a conventional keyboard device, as described above, when the hammer arm is inertially rotated prior to the downward movement of the key in the middle stage of the key pressing, the upper surface of the pressed member of the hammer arm is the key. It will be separated from the lower surface of the side plate. Therefore, at this point in time, when the key release is instantaneously released and the key is pressed again, that is, when the performance of pressing the same key multiple times instantly is performed, the hammer arm is released when the key is pressed for the second and subsequent times. Inconvenience that cannot be rotated occurs.

  In order to solve such a problem, for example, in the case of the keyboard device of the electronic musical instrument described in Patent Document 1, the final displacement is performed from the initial position to the final position when the key is pressed, and the final weight is caused by its own weight. A hammer arm that rotates back from the position to the initial position, and a first key-on signal output that detects a rotational displacement of the hammer arm to the final position and outputs a key-on signal for instructing the start of sound generation Means, detecting means for detecting whether or not the hammer arm has returned to the initial position, and based on the detection result of the detecting means, the hammer arm has not been returned from the final position to the initial position. And a second key-on signal output means for detecting the depression of the key and outputting the key-on signal when the key is depressed.

JP-A-5-73029

  In the case of a keyboard device for an electronic musical instrument described in Patent Document 1, a plurality of sets of two-contact switches are provided, or a mechanism for detecting that the hammer arm has returned to the initial position is provided. Since the touch detection of the state is performed, there is a problem that the configuration becomes large and the cost increases.

  In addition, the configuration of electronic musical instruments manufactured so far has been greatly increased by arranging multiple sets of two-contact switches and attaching sensors to detect the initial position of the hammer arm or keyboard. There was a problem that had to be changed.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to enable a simple configuration of an electronic musical instrument that can perform a repetitive performance in which the same key is instantaneously pressed a plurality of times.

The key information detecting device for an electronic musical instrument according to the present invention is configured to change the single and continuous keys of the switch and the speed of the keys to be pressed according to the open / closed state and the open / close time difference of the switches that open and close according to the key pressing position. In the key information detection device of the electronic musical instrument to be detected, a clock counter for detecting the time difference,
An instruction means for instructing to stop counting the counter; a storage means for storing information related to a key related to the count value together with the count value when a count stop instruction is made by the instruction means; and the count value And notifying means for notifying the processing means for processing the key information as an interrupt signal that information relating to the key related to the count value is stored in the storage means, and that the key information has been generated. Can be processed as an event.

  According to the present invention, an electronic musical instrument having a key touch sensor that is provided for each keyboard and that measures a key pressing speed by using a first switch and a second switch that sequentially change according to the degree of pressing is described above. Measurement means that starts measurement when the second switch changes from the pressed state to the steady state, stops the measurement when the second switch changes from the steady state to the pressed state, and the first switch is in the pressed state In this case, the continuous hit performance detecting means for detecting that the continuous hit performance is detected when the second switch changes from the steady state to the pressed state is provided. Possible electronic musical instruments can be configured simply.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of an electronic circuit unit of a touch sensor of an electronic musical instrument according to a first embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a circuit diagram illustrating a configuration example of a clock generator according to a first embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a circuit diagram illustrating a configuration example of a scan generator according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram illustrating a configuration example of a key matrix circuit according to the first embodiment of this invention. It is a circuit diagram which shows the 1st Embodiment of this invention and shows a chattering filter structural example. FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram illustrating a configuration example of an event generator according to the first embodiment of this invention. 1 is a circuit diagram illustrating a configuration example of an MPU interface according to a first embodiment of this invention. FIG. FIG. 3 is a waveform diagram illustrating the operating characteristics of the first switch and the second switch according to the first embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the 1st Embodiment of this invention and shows the example which attached the 1st switch and the 2nd switch to the electronic keyboard musical instrument. It is a flowchart which shows the 2nd Embodiment of this invention and demonstrates an example of the process sequence of initialization. 10 is a flowchart illustrating an example of an event processing procedure according to the second embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the 2nd Embodiment of this invention and demonstrates an example of a key processing procedure. It is a flowchart which shows the 2nd Embodiment of this invention and demonstrates an example of the process sequence of a key release. It is a flowchart which shows the 2nd Embodiment of this invention and demonstrates an example of the process sequence of continuous key pressing. It is a flowchart which shows the 2nd Embodiment of this invention and demonstrates an example of the process sequence of a single key press.

(First embodiment)
Hereinafter, a first embodiment of an electronic musical instrument of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an exemplary configuration of an electronic circuit unit of a touch sensor of an electronic musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  In FIG. 1, 10 is a clock generator, 11 is a scan generator, 12 is a key switch matrix, 13 is a chattering filter, 14 is an event generator, 15 is a count register, and 16 is an MPU interface.

  The clock generator 10 is a frequency divider for dividing the master clock signal MCK to generate a clock having an arbitrary speed, and generates a clock signal having an arbitrary frequency. The clock signal generated by the clock generator 10 is supplied to the scan generator 11, chattering filter 13, event generator 14, count register 15, MPU interface 16, and the like.

  The scan generator 11, the chattering filter 13, the event generator 14, the count register 15 and the MPU interface 16 are configured to receive a reset signal RST. These devices are in an initial state when the reset signal RST is supplied. Reset to.

FIG. 2 shows a configuration example of the clock generator 10 of the present embodiment.
The clock generator 10 according to this embodiment includes a first JK flip-flop 100, a second JK flip-flop 101, a third JK flip-flop 103, and the like. These JK flip-flops 101 to 103 output the value of the input at that time in synchronization with the rise of the master clock signal MCK input to the clock terminal CK.

  By performing such an operation, the synchronization signal input to the clock terminal CK is divided by two and output to the lower counter. In the present embodiment, a clock signal CK0 (MCK / 2) obtained by dividing the master clock signal MCK by 2 is obtained by the first JK flip-flop 100.

  Further, a signal output from the output terminal Q of the first JK flip-flop 100 is given to the input terminal J and the input terminal K of the second JK flip-flop 101 as the synchronization signal SYNC. A master clock signal MCK is supplied to the clock terminal CK of the second JK flip-flop 101. Therefore, the clock signal CK1 (MCK / 4) obtained by dividing the output clock signal CK0 of the first JK flip-flop 100 by 2 is obtained from the second JK flip-flop 101.

  A signal output from the output terminal Q of the first JK flip-flop 100 is provided as the synchronization signal SYNC to the input terminal J and the input terminal K of the third JK flip-flop 102 via the AND circuit 103. A master clock signal MCK is supplied to the clock terminal CK of the third JK flip-flop 102. Therefore, from the third JK flip-flop 102, the clock signal CK2 (MCK / 8) obtained by dividing the output clock signal CK0 of the first JK flip-flop 100 by four is obtained.

  Further, the signal output from the output terminal Q of the first JK flip-flop 100 and the signal passing through the AND circuit 104 is output from the clock generator 10 as the synchronization signal SYNC of the lower counter.

  The scan generator 11 is a circuit for generating a timing signal for scanning the keyboard, and is configured by sequentially connecting JK flip-flops as in the clock generator 10 as shown in the circuit diagram of FIG. . In this embodiment, five JK flip-flops 110 to 114 are connected to generate five scan signals SA0 to SA4. Further, the synchronization signal SYNC input to the scan generator 11 is generated through the AND circuits 115 to 119 to generate the output synchronization signal SYNC of the scan generator 11. The scan signal SA0 is “MCK / 16”. SA1 has a frequency of “MCK / 32”, SA2 has a frequency of “MCK / 64”, SA3 has a frequency of “MCK / 128”, and SA4 has a frequency of “MCK / 256”.

Next, a configuration example of the matrix circuit 12 will be described with reference to FIG.
Each of the scan signals SA0 to SA4 is input to the address decoder 120. In this embodiment, four keys are scanned as one block. The address decoder 120 shown in FIG. 4 scans signals SC0 to SC31 for scanning each switch (shown at the intersection of the matrix) arranged corresponding to the first switch unit SW1 and the second switch unit SW2. Is generated.

  In FIG. 4, push button switches are shown as the switches, but the types of switches are arbitrary. For the entire electronic musical instrument, signals for scanning the contacts of 256 push button switches corresponding to 128 keys are generated. The contact states of these push button switches are scanned with the scan signals SC0 to SC31 to generate the key operation detection signals KD10 to KD13 and the key operation detection signals KD20 to KD23.

Next, a configuration example of the chattering filter 13 will be described with reference to FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5, the chattering filter 13 of the present embodiment includes the key operation detection signals KD10 to KD13 input to the first switch unit SW1 and the key operation detection signal KD20 input to the second switch unit SW2. A plurality of filter circuits corresponding to .about.KD23 are provided.

  The configuration of each filter circuit will be described. The first selector 131a (131b to 131h), the first flip-flop 132a (132b to 132h), the exclusive OR circuit 133a (133b to 133h), the second selector 134a ( 134b to 134h), a second flip-flop 135a (135b to 135h), and the like. Note that the first flip-flop 132a (132b to 132h) and the second flip-flop 135a (135b to 135h) operate in synchronization with the clock signal ck2. With such a configuration, key state detection signals S1n0 to S1n3 and S2n0 to S2n3 are generated.

Next, a configuration example of the event generator 14 will be described with reference to FIG.
As shown in FIG. 6A, the event generator 14 of this embodiment includes a selector 140, an exclusive OR circuit 141, an OR circuit 142, and the like. With such a configuration, the count clock signal CTij and the reset (count stop) signal RSij are generated according to the state of the key state detection signals S1ij and S2ij.
Further, as shown in FIG. 6B, an event detection signal EVkij is generated by the D flip-flop 150 and the exclusive OR circuit 151.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the count clock signal CTij and the reset signal RSij generated by the event generator 14 are supplied to the count register 15 and the MPU interface 16. The count register 15 starts counting when the count clock signal CTij is input, and performs an operation of restarting the count every time the reset signal RSij is input.

The MPU interface 16 is a circuit that implements a transfer method called “First In, First Out”. In this embodiment, the MPU interface 16 is composed of a memory of a plurality of stages, and the exceptional stages are input data. Is held until the next data is input, and when the next data is input, the data held until then is sent to the next stage.

  With this configuration, when an event such as EV100, EV200, EV101, EV201, ... EVkij, ... EV11F3, EV21F3 occurs, the value held by the MPU interface 16 by the central processing unit (MPU) The central processing unit can recognize the count value relating to the occurrence of the event and the k, i, and j values relating to the count value.

  With the configuration as described above, as shown in FIG. 8, in the touch sensor of the electronic musical instrument of the present embodiment, the two-contact type touch detection switch is used before the first switch unit SW1 is opened. When there is a key depression that causes the second switch unit SW2 to be closed again, the key depression speed (key depression strength) can be reliably detected.

That is, it is possible to reliably detect the key depression state as shown in the characteristic diagram of FIG.
In FIG. 8, the first switch part SW1 is turned on and the second switch part SW2 is subsequently turned on during the period t1, and is detected as the start of key pressing (key-on touch).

  Next, in each of the periods t2, t3, and t4, the second switch unit SW2 is opened, but the first switch unit SW1 is not opened. Thereafter, the first switch unit SW1 is opened. 2 shows a state in which the second switch unit SW2 is closed again before the operation. The count register 15 of the present embodiment counts the lengths of the periods t2, t3, and t4, thereby pressing the key that causes the second switch unit SW2 to be closed again before the first switch unit SW1 is opened. Can be detected. In addition, the strength at the time of continuous key pressing is detected by counting the length of each period t2, t3, t4.

  A period t5 indicates a release touch, and the strength (off velocity) at the time of key release depends on the length from the opening of the second switch unit SW2 to the opening of the first switch unit SW1. Detected.

  As described above, according to the touch sensor of the electronic musical instrument of the present embodiment, the key pressing operation in which the second switch unit SW2 is closed again before the first switch unit SW1 is opened, that is, the two hits are repeated. It can be reliably detected using a mold switch.

Next, how the touch sensor of the electronic musical instrument of this embodiment is actually disposed on the electronic keyboard musical instrument will be described.
FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of an electronic keyboard musical instrument in which a touch sensor of the electronic musical instrument of the present embodiment is provided. As shown in FIG. 9, the key 1 and the hammer 10 that are pivotally attached to the keyboard chassis 3 and the key 1 and the hammer 10 that are pivotally attached. A jack 13 that rotates the hammer 10 by pressing, and a spring 18 that biases the jack 13 and the hammer 10 in the return direction and biases the key 1 in the return direction via the jack 13 are provided.

  And it arrange | positions in the rotation path | route of the jack 13 by the key depression of the key 1, and when the jack 13 contact | abuts, the jack 13 rotates with respect to the key 1 in the direction from which the hammer contact part 13a remove | deviates from the hammer 10. A jack stopper 20 is formed on the keyboard chassis 3.

  In such a configuration, the key switch 7 is arranged in one rotation path, and the key pressing operation on the key 1 is completed, and the key 1 is rotated in the clockwise direction in FIG. In the state in which the switch part SW1 is turned on), when a continuous playing performance is performed in which the same key is pressed several times instantaneously, the key 1 descends again against the reaction force of the spring 18. As a result, the switch pressing portion presses the key switch 7, and the second switch portion SW2 is turned on for the second time and thereafter. The touch sensor of the electronic musical instrument according to the present embodiment can reliably detect a key press even when such a key press operation is performed and improve the key hitting performance.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS. This embodiment shows an example in which the key pressing strength can be calculated more faithfully by correcting the key pressing strength for the second and subsequent times based on the strength of the key pressed first.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart for explaining the procedure of the initialization process.
First, in step S1001, a keyboard to be scanned is initialized.
Next, in step S1002, the key velocity of the keyboard to be scanned is initialized.

  Next, in step S1003, a process for turning off the flag for the keyboard to be scanned is performed. In step S1004, a process of incrementing the value of the keyboard to be scanned by one is performed.

  Next, in step S1005, it is determined whether or not the keyboard value is the maximum value (for example, i = 128). If the result of this determination is not the maximum value, the process returns to step S1002 to repeat the above-described processing. If it is determined in step S1005 that the keyboard value is at the maximum value, the process proceeds to step S1006 to perform other initialization processes, and then returns to the main routine.

Next, event processing will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.
First, in step S1101, it is determined whether the event that has occurred is a key event. If the result of this determination is a key event, processing proceeds to step S1102, where key processing is performed. Thereafter, the process returns to the main routine.

  On the other hand, if the result of determination in step S1101 is not a key event, processing proceeds to step S1103, where it is determined whether or not it is a panel event. If the result of this determination is a panel event, the process proceeds to step S1104 to perform panel processing. Thereafter, the process returns to the main routine.

  If the result of determination in step S1103 is not panel processing, the process proceeds to step S1105 to determine whether the event is another event. If the result of this determination is another event, the process proceeds to step S1106 to perform other event processing. If the result of determination in step S1105 is not any other event, the process returns to the main routine.

Next, key processing will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.
First, in step S1201, it is determined whether or not the key is depressed. If the result of this determination is that the key has not been pressed, the process proceeds to step S1202 to perform key release processing. If it is determined in step S1201 that the key has been depressed, the process proceeds to step S1203 to determine whether the key flag is off.

  If the result of determination in step S1203 is that the key flag is off, processing proceeds to step S1204 and single key pressing processing is performed. Thereafter, the process returns to the main routine. If the result of determination in step S1203 is that the key flag is not off, processing advances to step S1205 to perform continuous key pressing processing, and then returns to the main routine.

Next, a key release process is performed with reference to FIG.
First, in step S1301, it is determined whether or not the first switch SW1 is off. If the result of this determination is that the first switch SW1 is on, processing advances to step S1302 to perform processing for turning on the key flag. Thereafter, the process returns to the main routine.

  If the result of determination in step S1301 is that the first switch SW1 is off, processing proceeds to step S1303 and processing for turning off the key flag is performed. Next, the process proceeds to step S1304 to perform a silencing process, and then returns to the main routine.

Next, the continuous key pressing process will be described with reference to FIG.
If continuous key pressing is performed, first, the key velocity value is processed in step S1401. In this process, by adjusting the count value when continuous key pressing is performed, it is possible to generate a musical tone close to that of continuous key pressing performed in a natural musical instrument.

In the present embodiment, the count value is processed using the following “Formula 1”.
T = T1 + A × {(T2-CV (T2) + B)} (Formula 1)
However, T: the processing time, CV (T2): the central value of the definition area of T2 (64 when the definition area is 128), A: multiplication constant, and B: addition constant, respectively. The method for processing the key velocity value is not limited to the method described above, and can be performed using various algorithms.

  When the processing of the count value is completed in step S1401, the process proceeds to step S1402, where sound generation processing corresponding to the time T processed in step S1401 is performed. In this way, by performing the sound generation process according to the processed time T, it is possible to generate a tone with a plus or minus value of the key depression after the second time on the basis of the velocity of the key played first. It becomes possible, and it can be approximated to a continuous key press by a natural musical instrument. Thereafter, the process returns to the main routine.

Next, the single key pressing process will be described with reference to FIG.
First, in step S1501, the key velocity is stored in the memory. This key velocity is used for sound generation processing. Next, in step S1502, sound generation processing is performed based on the key velocity stored in the memory.

10 clock generator 11 scan generator 12 key switch matrix 13 chattering filter 14 event generator 15 count register 16 MPU interface

Claims (2)

In a key information detecting device for an electronic musical instrument that detects a single key and a continuous key of the switch and a speed of the key to be pressed according to a switching time and a switching time difference of a plurality of switches that are opened and closed according to a key pressing position
A clock counter for detecting the time difference;
Instruction means for instructing to stop the counting of the counter;
Storage means for storing information related to the key associated with the count value together with the count value when a count stop instruction is made by the instruction means;
Notification means for notifying the processing means for processing the key information as an interrupt signal that information relating to the count value and the key related to the count value is stored in the storage means;
With
An apparatus for detecting key information of an electronic musical instrument, wherein the occurrence of the key information can be processed as an event.   2. The key information detection apparatus for an electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the storage means is a FIFO memory.

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