JP2011012906A - Heat supply facility - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a heat supply facility which appropriately supplies heat to heat consumption parts while improving energy saving performance by suppressing decline in waste heat recovery effects of a fuel cell.SOLUTION: An auxiliary heater H is provided between a heat storage tank T and a heating medium heating means K and the heat consumption parts F in a heat dissipation circulation path, and a heat storage tank bypass path Rb bypassing the heat storage tank T or heating medium heating means K and guiding a heating medium from the heat consumption parts F to the auxiliary heater H is provided in the heat dissipation circulation path. The heat supply facility includes a heat dissipation state switching means for switching the heat dissipation circulation path to a first circulation state for circulating the heating medium through the heat storage tank T or the heating medium heating means K and a second circulation state for circulating the heating medium in a form of heating by the auxiliary heater H through the heat storage tank bypass path Rb, based on a predetermined switching condition.

Description

  The present invention comprises heat storage means for storing the exhaust heat of the fuel cell in a heat storage tank, and at least one of the exhaust heat of the fuel cell and the heat stored in the heat storage tank, and the heat generated by the auxiliary heater It is related with the heat supply equipment comprised so that supply of heat to a heat consumption part was possible.

  When supplying heat to a heat consuming part such as a heating terminal, the heat supply facility as described above is not only the heat generated by the auxiliary heater, but also the heat stored in the heat storage tank by the heat storage means or the fuel cell. By supplying the exhaust heat to the heat consuming part, energy saving is improved.

In a conventional heat supply facility, as a heat storage means, a heating circulation path through which the heat medium flows in a form in which the heat medium is taken out from the bottom of the heat storage tank and returned to the top of the heat storage tank via a heat exchanger for heat medium heating A heating medium circulating means for circulating the heating medium is provided, and the heating medium heating heat exchanger is configured to heat the heating medium taken out from the heat storage tank with the cooling water of the fuel cell (for example, , See Patent Document 1).

  In the facility described in Patent Literature 1, the heating circulation path is provided with a bypass path that bypasses the heat storage tank and returns the heat medium that has passed through the heat medium heating heat exchanger to the heat medium heating heat exchanger. A heat exchanger for heat dissipation is provided in the bypass path. A heat dissipating heat medium means for circulating the heat dissipating heat medium through the heat dissipating circulation path for circulating the heat dissipating heat medium between the heat dissipating heat exchanger and the heat consuming part is provided. Thereby, in the heat exchanger for heat radiation, the heat medium for heat radiation is heated by the heat medium in the bypass passage, and the heated heat medium for heat radiation is freely supplied to the heat consuming part. In other words, by operating the heating medium circulating means, the heating medium is heated by the exhaust heat of the fuel cell in the heating medium heating heat exchanger, and the heated heating medium is radiated heat exchange by the bypass path. Supply to the vessel. Then, in the heat exchanger for heat dissipation, the heat dissipation heat medium is heated with the heat medium that has recovered the exhaust heat of the fuel cell, and the heated heat dissipation heat medium is supplied to the heat consuming part, thereby The exhaust heat of the battery can be supplied to the heat consuming part. Further, the heat dissipation circulation path is provided with an auxiliary heater between the heat dissipation heat exchanger and the heat consuming part, and the auxiliary heater is heated by heating the heat dissipation heat medium with the auxiliary heater. The heat generated in can be supplied to the heat consuming part.

JP 2007-263388 A

  In the facility described in Patent Document 1, by reducing the drive of the auxiliary heater as much as possible, the exhaust heat of the fuel cell can be used effectively, so that energy saving can be improved. However, if the exhaust heat of the fuel cell is always supplied to the heat consuming portion when supplying heat to the heat consuming portion, the exhaust heat recovery effect of the fuel cell may be reduced. For example, when the heat consuming part is a heating terminal such as a floor heating device, the temperature of the heat radiating heat medium returning from the heat consuming part to the heat radiating heat exchanger may be relatively high (for example, 30 to 60 ° C.). Yes, the temperature of the heat medium that has passed through the heat exchanger for heat dissipation also becomes relatively high. On the other hand, since the fuel cell cannot be cooled when the temperature of the heat medium supplied to the heat exchanger for heat medium heating becomes high, if the temperature of the heat medium that has passed through the heat exchanger for heat dissipation becomes high, the radiator dissipates heat. After that, it is supplied to the heat exchanger for heating the heat medium. Therefore, the exhaust heat of the fuel cell is recovered while once dissipating the heat of the heat medium, and the exhaust heat recovery effect of the fuel cell is reduced.

  In addition, when the heat stored in the heat storage tank is supplied to the heat consumption unit, the heat medium stored in the heat storage tank is circulated between the heat storage tank and the heat consumption unit to store heat in the heat storage tank. Heat is supplied to the heat consuming part. For example, when the heat consuming unit is a heating terminal such as a floor heater, the temperature of the heat medium returning from the heat consuming unit to the heat storage tank is relatively high. Therefore, after that, when the exhaust heat of the fuel cell is stored in the heat storage tank, the temperature of the heat medium taken out from the heat storage tank becomes relatively high. However, in order to cool the fuel cell, it is necessary to radiate the heat of the heat medium taken out from the heat storage tank by a heat radiating means such as a radiator, so that the exhaust heat of the fuel cell is supplied to the heat consuming part. The exhaust heat of the fuel cell is recovered while temporarily dissipating the heat of the heat medium, and the exhaust heat recovery effect of the fuel cell is reduced.

  The present invention has been made paying attention to such points, and its purpose is to suppress the reduction of the exhaust heat recovery effect of the fuel cell and to improve the energy saving while supplying heat to the heat consuming part. It is in the point of providing the heat supply equipment which can be performed appropriately.

In order to achieve this object, the characteristic configuration of the heat supply facility according to the present invention is provided with heat storage means for storing the exhaust heat of the fuel cell in the heat storage tank, and is stored in the exhaust heat of the fuel cell and the heat storage tank. In a heat supply facility configured to be able to freely supply heat generated by at least one of the heat and the heat generated by the auxiliary heater,
The heat medium taken out from the heat storage tank is returned to the heat storage tank via the heat consumption part or between the heat medium heating means for heating the heat medium by exhaust heat of the fuel cell and the heat consumption part. A heat dissipating heat medium circulating means for circulating the heat medium through the heat dissipating circulation path for circulating the heat medium in a circulating form is provided, and the auxiliary heater includes the heat storage tank and the heat medium heating in the heat dissipating circulation path. The heat storage tank is provided between the heat consuming section and bypasses the heat storage tank and the heat medium heating means, and bypasses the heat storage tank and guides the heat medium from the heat consuming section to the auxiliary heater. A mode in which a passage is provided and heated by the auxiliary heater through the heat storage tank or a first circulation state in which the heat medium is circulated through the heat storage tank or the heat medium heating means and through the heat storage tank detour based on a predetermined switching condition In heat Radiating state switching means for switching the radiating circulation path and the second circulation condition for circulating lies in is provided.

  According to this characteristic configuration, when the heat dissipation state switching means switches the heat dissipation circulation path to the first circulation state, the heat storage tank and the heat consumption section or between the heat storage tank and the heat consumption section through the heat dissipation circulation path, Since the heat medium can be circulated between the heat medium and the heat medium heated by the heat medium heating means or the heat medium heating means, the heat medium can be circulated and supplied to the heat consuming part. Thereby, the heat stored in the heat storage tank or the exhaust heat of the fuel cell can be supplied to the heat consuming part. When the heat radiation state switching means switches the heat radiation circuit to the second circulation state, the heat medium can be circulated between the auxiliary heater and the heat consuming part through the heat radiation circuit and the heat storage tank bypass, The heat medium heated by the auxiliary heater without passing through the tank can be circulated and supplied to the heat consuming part. Thereby, the heat generated by the auxiliary heater can be supplied to the heat consuming part. Therefore, even if the heat dissipation state switching means switches the heat dissipation circulation path to the first circulation state or to the second circulation state, heat can be appropriately supplied to the heat consuming part.

  As for the switching condition, for example, as described in the problem to be solved by the above invention, the exhaust heat of the fuel cell is changed depending on the temperature of the heat medium returned from the heat consumption part to the heat storage tank or the heat medium heating means. Since the recovery and exchange may be reduced, the switching condition can be determined in advance from the temperature of the heat medium returned to the heat storage tank or the heat medium heating means so that the exhaust heat recovery effect of the fuel cell becomes higher. . Also, for example, if the amount of heat stored in the heat storage tank is large, then the heat storage amount in the heat storage tank becomes full immediately after storing the exhaust heat of the fuel cell in the heat storage tank, and the exhaust heat of the fuel cell is stored in the heat storage tank. It becomes impossible to store heat in the tank. Therefore, since the exhaust heat recovery effect of the fuel cell may be reduced depending on the amount of heat stored in the heat storage tank, in addition to the temperature of the heat medium returned to the heat storage tank or the heat medium heating means, the heat storage amount of the heat storage tank Switching conditions can be defined. For example, the fuel cell is operated so as to cover the electric load and heat load predicted in the future, but the amount of heat stored in the heat storage tank varies depending on the operation status such as the output of the fuel cell and the operation time. become. The amount of heat stored in the heat storage tank can be estimated from, for example, an electric load or a heat load predicted in the future. In this way, the switching condition can be appropriately determined from various conditions such as the temperature of the heat medium returned to the heat storage tank and the heat storage amount of the heat storage tank. Therefore, since the heat radiation state switching means switches the heat radiation circuit between the first circulation state and the second circulation state based on the switching condition thus determined, it is possible to perform a suitable switch for energy saving. it can. As a result, the heat dissipation state switching means can suitably switch the heat dissipation circulation path between the first circulation state and the second circulation state to supply heat to the heat consuming part, so that energy saving is improved. The heat supply to the heat consuming unit can be appropriately performed.

  According to a further characteristic configuration of the heat supply facility according to the present invention, the switching condition includes a power load that is predicted in the future in a power supply unit that can supply power generated by the fuel cell, and the power that is predicted in the future. Assuming that the heat load in the heat consuming part is covered, the condition for switching to the dominant index among the index when switching to the first circulation state and the index when switching to the second circulation state It is in the point stipulated as.

  According to this characteristic configuration, for example, assuming that a so-called main operation is performed in which the fuel cell is operated so as to cover a power load predicted in the future, the heat load in the heat consumption unit predicted in the future is covered. In addition to obtaining an index (for example, gas usage or primary energy usage) that is assumed to be covered by switching to the first circulation state, an index (eg, for example) that is assumed to be covered by switching to the second circulation state (for example, Gas usage, primary energy usage, etc.). Then, it is possible to switch to the dominant index among the calculated indices (for example, the smaller the gas usage if it is a gas usage). Thereby, for example, based on indicators such as the amount of gas used and the amount of primary energy used, it is possible to appropriately switch between the first circulation state and the second circulation state, and to accurately improve the energy saving performance. it can.

  According to a further characteristic configuration of the heat supply facility according to the present invention, the switching condition is based on a heat storage amount of the heat storage tank and a temperature of the heat medium returned from the heat consumption unit to the heat storage tank in the heat dissipation circulation path. It is in the point stipulated.

  The amount of heat stored in the heat storage tank can be used to determine whether the amount of heat stored in the heat storage tank will soon fill up when the heat stored in the fuel cell is stored in the heat storage tank, reducing the fuel cell's exhaust heat recovery effect. . Further, the temperature of the heat medium returned from the heat consuming part to the heat storage tank causes the temperature of the heat medium to be taken out from the heat storage tank and supplied to the fuel cell when the exhaust heat of the fuel cell is stored in the heat storage tank. It can be ascertained whether the exhaust heat recovery effect of the fuel cell is reduced. Therefore, by setting the switching condition based on the heat storage amount of the heat storage tank and the temperature of the heat medium returned from the heat consuming part to the heat storage tank in the heat dissipation circuit, the first circulation state and the first heat circulation circuit With regard to switching between the two circulation states, it is possible to perform optimal switching for preventing a reduction in the exhaust heat recovery effect of the fuel cell.

  A further characteristic configuration of the heat supply facility according to the present invention is that the switching condition is determined based on a heat storage amount of the heat storage tank.

  According to this characteristic configuration, the switching condition can be determined considering only the heat storage amount of the heat storage tank, and the switching condition can be set effectively and easily. The conditions can prevent the reduction of the heat recovery effect.

  The heat supply equipment according to the present invention is further characterized in that the heat dissipating circuit is provided with a bypass that bypasses the auxiliary heater, and the heat dissipating state switching means passes through the heat dissipating circuit in the first circulation. When switching to a state, it is possible to switch between a heating state in which the heat medium is passed through the auxiliary heater and a bypass state in which the heat medium is passed through the bypass path, and the heat dissipation state switching means is the heat dissipation circuit. When switching to the second circulation state, a flow state switching means for switching to the heating state is provided.

  According to this characteristic configuration, when the heat dissipation state switching means switches the heat dissipation circuit to the first circulation state, the flow medium switching means switches to the bypass state, so that the heat medium passes through the auxiliary heater. Thus, the heat medium in the heat storage tank can be supplied to the heat consuming part while preventing heat dissipation in the auxiliary heater. Further, when the temperature of the heat medium taken out from the heat storage tank is lower than the temperature required by the heat consuming unit, the flow state switching means switches to the heating state, so that the heat medium taken out from the heat storage tank is auxiliary heated. It can be heated by a vessel and supplied to the heat consuming part, and a heat medium having a temperature required by the heat consuming part can be supplied accurately. Further, when the heat dissipation state switching means switches the heat dissipation circulation path to the second circulation state, the flow state switching means switches to the heating state and circulates the heat medium heated by the auxiliary heater to the heat consuming part. Can be supplied. Therefore, in any of the first circulation state and the second circulation state, the heat supply to the heat consumption unit can be appropriately performed while suppressing wasteful heat radiation.

  A further characteristic configuration of the heat supply facility according to the present invention is that a part of the heat medium returned from the heat consuming part to the heat storage tank is branched into the heat dissipation circulation path and heated by the exhaust heat of the fuel cell. Therefore, a branching / merging passage for joining the heat medium taken out from the heat storage tank is provided.

  According to this characteristic configuration, when the heat dissipation state switching means switches the heat dissipation circulation path to the first circulation state, a part of the heat medium returned from the heat consuming part to the heat storage tank by the branch junction flow path is After being heated by exhaust heat, it is joined to the heat medium taken out from the heat storage tank. Then, since the combined heat medium is supplied to the heat consuming part, when the heat radiation circuit is switched to the first circulation state, not only the heat stored in the heat storage tank but also the exhaust heat of the fuel cell Can also be supplied to the heat consuming part, and the exhaust heat recovery effect of the fuel cell can be improved.

  According to a further characteristic configuration of the heat supply facility according to the present invention, the heat storage means is configured to store the heat storage via a heat medium heating means that heats the heat medium taken out from the bottom of the heat storage tank with the exhaust heat of the fuel cell. A heating medium circulating means for circulating the heating medium through the heating circulation path for allowing the heating medium to flow back to the upper part of the tank; and the heat radiation circulation path is configured to remove the heating medium taken out from the upper part of the heat storage tank. The heat medium is supplied to the heat consuming part and returned to the bottom part of the heat storage tank, and the flow path part for taking out the heat medium from the bottom part of the heat storage tank in the heating circulation path and the heat dissipation The flow path portion for returning the heat medium to the bottom of the heat storage tank in the circulation path is constituted by a common flow path, and the flow path portion for returning the heat medium to the upper portion of the heat storage tank in the heating circulation path and the heat dissipation The heat storage unit in the circulation circuit Lies in the flow path portion to take out the heating medium from the top of the click is constituted by a common flow path.

  According to this characteristic configuration, when the waste heat of the fuel cell is stored in the heat storage tank by the heat storage means, the heat medium taken out from the bottom of the heat storage tank is heated by the heat medium heating means by the heating circulation path, and the heating is performed. The heated heat medium is returned to the upper part of the heat storage tank. Thereby, the heat storage tank can store the exhaust heat of the fuel cell in a state where a temperature stratification is formed in which the high-temperature heat medium is present at the top and the low-temperature heat medium is present at the bottom. Since the thermal storage tank is thus formed with temperature stratification, the heating medium taken out from the upper part of the thermal storage tank by the heating circulation path becomes a high-temperature heating medium, and the high-temperature heating medium is consumed by heat. Since it can supply to a part, the heat supply to a heat-consuming part can be performed appropriately.

  In addition, the flow path part of the heating circulation path connected to the bottom of the heat storage tank and the flow path part of the heat dissipation circulation path are shared by the common flow path, and the flow of the heat circulation path connected to the upper part of the heat storage tank The flow path part and the flow path part of the heat dissipation circuit can be shared by a common flow path. Therefore, it is possible to configure the heating circulation path and the heat radiation circulation path while simplifying the configuration.

The figure which shows the structure of the heat supply equipment which showed the flow of the heat carrier in heat storage operation The figure which shows the structure of the heat supply equipment which showed the flow of the heat medium in the heat dissipation operation for hot water supply The figure which shows the structure of the heat supply equipment which showed the flow of the heat medium in the heat dissipation operation for remembrance The figure which shows the structure of the heat supply equipment which showed the flow of the heat medium in the thermal radiation operation for high temperature heating The figure which shows the structure of the heat supply equipment which showed the flow of the heat medium in the thermal radiation operation for low temperature heating The figure which shows the switching conditions defined based on the thermal storage amount of a thermal storage tank, and the temperature of a heat medium

An embodiment of a heat supply facility according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[First Embodiment]
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the heat supply facility A is a gas combustion type in which a closed heat storage tank T, an open-air expansion tank B, and a heat exchange section through which a heat medium flows are heated by a gas burner. The auxiliary heater H, the heat medium circulation pump 1, and the heat consuming part F, and the fuel cell system D including the fuel cell 2 are assembled. The fuel cell system D is configured as a heat medium heating means K that heats the heat medium with the exhaust heat of the fuel cell 2. Incidentally, FIGS. 1 to 5 all show the same configuration in the heat supply facility A, but show different states with respect to the flow of the heat medium, and the flow of the heat medium is indicated by a solid thick line, a dotted thick line, and a solid line. Indicated by arrows and dotted arrows.

  The heat supply facility A heats the heat medium stored in the heat storage tank T by the exhaust heat of the fuel cell 2 by the heat medium heating means K, and stores the heated heat medium in the heat storage tank T. Then, the heat medium stored in the heat storage tank T is used as the heat consuming part F, such as a heat exchanger N1 for hot water supply, a heat exchanger N2 for bath, a high-temperature heating terminal N3 such as a bathroom heating device, and a floor heating device. The low-temperature heating terminal N4 is configured to be freely circulated.

  Although not shown, the heat storage tank T is configured by combining a plurality of tank constituents. The tank structure is made of a resin and is formed in a vertically long rectangular parallelepiped shape. For example, a heat storage tank T having a vertically long rectangular parallelepiped shape is formed as a whole by arranging two tank structure bodies in the front-rear direction. By the way, the number of tank components constituting the heat storage tank T can be changed according to the amount of heat medium required by the user, the amount of heat generated by the fuel cell system D, and the like.

  Hereinafter, while explaining the heat medium flow circuit, the configuration for heating the heat medium stored in the heat storage tank T, and the hot water supply heat exchanger N1, the bath heat exchanger N2, the high temperature heating terminal N3, and The configuration for circulating and supplying the heat medium stored in the heat storage tank T to the low-temperature heating terminal N4 will be described in detail.

  The expansion tank B is connected to the upper part of the heat storage tank T and the tank connection flow path R0. The expansion tank B is connected to a first flow path R1 for heat medium flow. The first flow path R1 connected to the expansion tank B is connected to the second flow path R2 for circulating the heat medium in which the heat medium circulation pump 1 is disposed. Connected to the second flow path R2 are a third flow path R3 for heat medium flow including the auxiliary heater H, and a fourth flow path R4 for heat medium flow as a bypass path that bypasses the auxiliary heater H. Has been.

  A fifth flow path R5 for flowing the heat medium and a sixth flow path R6 for flowing the heat medium connected to the third flow path R3 and the fourth flow path R4 are provided, and the sixth flow path R6 has a low temperature. It is connected to the heating terminal N4. The fifth flow path R5 is connected to the seventh flow path R7 for heat medium flow and the eighth flow path R8 for heat medium flow, and the eighth flow path R8 is connected to the high temperature heating terminal N3. In the seventh flow path R7, a ninth flow path R9 for heat medium flow in which a heat exchanger N1 for hot water supply is disposed, and a tenth heat flow medium flow in which a heat exchanger N2 for bath is disposed. A flow path R10 is connected.

  A bottom channel Rt is connected to the bottom of the heat storage tank T, and an eleventh channel R11 for returning the heat medium is connected to the bottom channel Rt. The eleventh channel R11 is connected to the ninth channel R9, the tenth channel R10, the twelfth channel R12 for returning the heat medium connected to the high temperature heating terminal N3, and the low temperature heating terminal N4. The thirteenth flow path R13 for returning the heat medium is connected.

  The bottom flow path Rt of the heat storage tank T is connected to a fourteenth flow path R14 for taking out the heat medium, and the fourteenth flow path R14 is connected to the heat medium forward flow path 3A and the heat medium return flow path 3B. A fuel cell system D as the heat medium heating means K is assembled.

  A first control valve V1 that opens and closes the first flow path R1, and a second control valve that can be switched between a state in which the second flow path R2 is connected to the third flow path R3 and a state in which the second flow path R4 is connected to the fourth flow path R4. V2, a third control valve V3 that opens and closes the ninth flow path R9, a fourth control valve V4 that opens and closes the tenth flow path R10, a fifth control valve V5 that opens and closes the eleventh flow path R11, and a fourteenth flow path A sixth control valve V6 that opens and closes R14 is provided. By controlling the opening and closing of these control valves V1 to V6, the flow state of the heat medium can be changed.

  The fuel cell system D includes a fuel cell 2, a heat medium forward flow path 3A for taking out a heat medium for cooling from the fuel cell 2, a heat medium return flow path 3B for returning the heat medium for cooling to the fuel cell 2, and a heat medium. The heat medium circulation pump 4 and the radiator 5 are circulated. The heat medium taken out from the bottom of the heat storage tank T is caused to flow from the fourteenth flow path R14 to the heat medium return flow path 3B, and the heat medium discharged from the fuel cell 2 is transferred from the heat medium forward flow path 3A to the fourteenth. The heat medium forward flow path 3A and the heat medium return flow path 3B are connected to the fourteenth flow path R14 so that the heat medium flows in the form of flowing in the flow path R14.

  Further, a flow path portion located between the first control valve V1 and the heat medium circulation pump 1 in the second flow path R2, and between the hot water heat exchange N1 and the eleventh flow path R11 in the ninth flow path R9. A heat storage tank detour Rb is provided to connect the flow path portion located at the center. And the 7th control valve V7 which opens and closes the thermal storage tank bypass circuit Rb is equipped, and the heat medium made to circulate and flow to the heat consumption part F bypasses the thermal storage tank T and flows while heating with the auxiliary heater H It is comprised so that it can be made to.

  In the heat supply facility A according to the present invention, the operation control device S performs opening / closing control of the first to seventh control valves V1 to V7, so that the heat storage tank T as shown by the solid line thick line and the solid line arrow in FIG. Is provided with a heating circulation path L through which the heat medium flows in a form of returning to the upper part of the heat storage tank T via the heat medium heating means K. The heating circulation path L includes a bottom channel Rt, a fourteenth channel R14, a heating medium return channel 3B, a heating medium return channel 3A, a first channel R1, an expansion tank B, and a tank connection channel. It is formed by the path R0. The heat storage means P for storing the exhaust heat of the fuel cell 2 in the heat storage tank T includes a heat medium circulation pump 4 as a heat medium circulation means for heating.

  The hot water supply heat exchanger N1 is connected to the water supply passage 15 and the hot water supply passage 16, and the hot water supplied through the water supply passage 15 is heated by the heat medium flowing through the ninth flow path R9, and the heating is performed. The hot water is supplied to the hot water outlet 16. And the hot water supplied through the hot water supply 16 and the mixing control valve 17 for adjusting the temperature of the hot water supplied through the hot water supply path 16 to target temperature is mixed in the hot water supply path 16 with the water from the water supply path 15. A flow rate control valve 18 is provided for adjusting the amount.

  The bath heat exchanger N2 is connected to a bath circulation path 21 that circulates the hot water in the bathtub 20, and the hot water in the bathtub 20 is circulated through the bath circulation path 21 by the bath circulation pump 22. The hot water flowing through the bathtub circulation path 21 can be heated by the heat medium flowing through the tenth flow path R10. Reference numeral 23 denotes a hot water valve that opens and closes a hot water flow passage 24 for supplying hot water from the hot water supply passage 16 to the circulation path 21 for bathtubs. Reference numeral 25 denotes an electromagnetic valve for hot water supply for supplying hot water from the water supply passage 15 to the expansion tank B.

  In the heat supply facility A according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 5, heat dissipation is performed by allowing the heat medium to flow from the top of the heat storage tank T to the bottom of the heat storage tank T via the heat consuming part F. A heat medium circulation pump 1 as a heat dissipation heat medium circulation means is configured to circulate the heat medium through the heat radiation circulation path M. The heat medium stored in the heat storage tank T can be freely circulated through the heat radiation circuit M to each of the hot water supply heat exchanger N1, the bath heat exchanger N2, the high temperature heating terminal N3, and the low temperature heating terminal N4. The operation control device S performs opening / closing control of the first to seventh control valves V1 to V7, thereby forming a heat radiation circulation path M to each heat consuming part F.

  Here, although not shown in the drawing, the sixth flow path R6 is opened and closed, a heat operated valve for intermittently supplying the heat medium to the low temperature heating terminal N4, and the eighth flow path R8 is opened and closed to open the high temperature heating terminal N3. There is provided a thermal valve for intermittently supplying the heating medium. Therefore, the heat radiation circuit M is formed by opening and closing these thermal valves in addition to the above-described opening and closing control of the first to eighth control valves V1 to V8.

  In the heat radiation circuit M, a part of the heat medium returned from the heat consuming part F to the bottom part of the heat storage tank T is branched and heated by the heat medium heating means K to the heat medium taken out from the upper part of the heat storage tank T. A branching / merging passage for joining is provided. This branching / merging channel is composed of a fourteenth channel R14, a heating medium return channel 3B, and a heating medium return channel 3A, and a part of the heating circulation path L also serves as the branching / merging channel. Yes.

  A flow path part (see the thick line in FIG. 1) for taking out the heat medium from the bottom of the heat storage tank T in the heating circulation path L and a flow path part for returning the heat medium to the bottom of the heat storage tank T in the heat circulation circuit M (FIG. 2). And a common bottom channel Rt (see the thick line in FIG. 5). Further, a flow path part for returning the heat medium to the upper part of the heat storage tank T in the heating circulation path L (see the thick line in FIG. 1) and a flow path part for taking out the heat medium from the upper part of the heat storage tank T in the heat circulation circuit M (see FIG. 2 to FIG. 5 are configured by a common first flow path R1, expansion tank B, and tank connection flow path R0.

  In the heat supply equipment A according to the present invention, a heat storage tank is provided through a first circulation state in which the heat medium of the heat storage tank T is circulated through the heat storage tank T (see the solid line and solid line arrows in FIGS. 2 to 5) and the heat storage tank bypass Rb. Heat dissipation state switching for switching the heat dissipation circuit M to the second circulation state (see the dotted thick line and dotted line arrows in FIGS. 2 to 5) in which the heat medium is circulated in a form where it is heated by the auxiliary heater H bypassing T The heat dissipation state switching means switches between the first circulation state and the second circulation state based on a predetermined switching condition. The heat release state switching means opens and closes the fifth control valve V5 provided in the eleventh flow path R11, the seventh control valve V7 provided in the heat storage tank detour Rb, and the fifth control valve V5 and the seventh control valve V7. It is comprised by the operation control apparatus S to control. Thus, in the heat supply facility A according to the present invention, when supplying the heat medium to the heat consuming part F, the heat medium having the heat stored in the heat storage tank T through the heat storage tank T is circulated and supplied according to the switching condition. It is switched between the first circulation state and the second circulation state in which the heat medium heated by the auxiliary heater H is circulated without passing through the heat storage tank T.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the heat dissipation state switching means switches between the first circulation state and the second circulation state from the heat consuming part F in the heat storage amount of the heat storage tank T and the heat radiation circuit M. It is determined based on the temperature Tr of the heat medium returned to the bottom of the heat storage tank T. Here, although illustration is omitted, the heat storage tank T is provided with a plurality of temperature sensors at intervals in the vertical direction for detecting the amount of hot water stored in the heat storage tank T. And the operation control apparatus S is comprised so that the amount of hot water storage of the thermal storage tank T can be grasped | ascertained based on the detected temperature of these several temperature sensors. That is, if the detected temperature of the temperature sensor installed at the bottom is equal to or higher than the set upper limit temperature, the heat storage amount of the heat storage tank T is 100%, and the detected temperature of the temperature sensor installed at the top is the set lower limit temperature. If it is below, the heat storage amount of the heat storage tank T is assumed to be 0%, and the heat storage amount of the heat storage tank T is grasped step by step based on the detection temperatures of a plurality of temperature sensors installed between the uppermost part and the lowermost part. It is configured to be able to. In addition, a temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the heat medium is provided in the bottom channel Rt or the eleventh channel R11, and the operation control device S is configured to return heat to the bottom of the heat storage tank T by the temperature detected by the temperature sensor. It is comprised so that the temperature Tr of a medium can be grasped | ascertained.

  For example, in storing the exhaust heat of the fuel cell 2 in the heat storage tank T, if the heat storage amount of the heat storage tank T is large, the heat storage amount of the heat storage tank T becomes full immediately and the exhaust heat recovery effect of the fuel cell 2 is reduced. . Therefore, if the heat storage amount of the heat storage tank T is large, the heat storage tank T is switched to the first circulation state and the heat storage amount of the heat storage tank T is reduced, so that the reduction of the exhaust heat recovery effect of the fuel cell 2 is suppressed and energy saving is achieved. Improvements can be made. Further, when the temperature Tr of the heat medium returned from the heat consuming part F to the bottom of the heat storage tank T becomes high, the temperature of the heat medium taken out from the heat storage tank T when the exhaust heat of the fuel cell 2 is stored in the heat storage tank T. In order to cool the fuel cell 2, it is necessary to dissipate the heat of the heat medium taken out from the heat storage tank T by the radiator 5, and the exhaust heat recovery effect of the fuel cell 2 is reduced. Therefore, when the temperature Tr of the heat medium becomes a high temperature (for example, 60 ° C. or higher), the temperature of the heat medium to be taken out from the heat storage tank T when the exhaust heat of the fuel cell 2 is stored in the heat storage tank T is switched to the second circulation state. By preventing the fuel cell from becoming higher, it is possible to suppress the reduction of the exhaust heat recovery effect of the fuel cell 2 and improve the energy saving performance. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, the switching condition is determined in advance based on the heat storage amount of the heat storage tank T and the temperature Tr of the heat medium returned from the heat consuming part F to the bottom part of the heat storage tank T in the heat radiation circuit M. By setting it, energy savings can be improved.

  As will be described later, when switching to the first circulation state, the sixth control valve V6 is partially opened to control the heat output of the current fuel cell 2 in addition to the heat medium in the heat storage tank T. Can also be supplied to the heat consuming part F. If the current heat output of the fuel cell 2 can also be supplied to the heat consuming unit F, the amount of heat stored in the heat storage tank T is increased by a set amount corresponding to the current heat output of the fuel cell 2. Thus, the first circulation state and the second circulation state can be switched based on the switching condition shown in FIG.

  The operation control device S stores a heat storage operation for storing the exhaust heat of the fuel cell 2 in the heat storage tank T, heat stored in the heat storage tank T, exhaust heat of the fuel cell 2 and heat generated by the auxiliary heater H. The heat dissipation operation supplied to the heat consuming part F is configured to be executable. Then, the operation control device S performs, as the heat dissipation operation, a hot water supply heat dissipation operation for supplying heat to the hot water supply heat exchanger N1, a recuperation heat dissipation operation for supplying heat to the bath heat exchanger N2, and a high temperature heating terminal N3. The heat radiation operation for high temperature heating for supplying heat and the heat radiation operation for low temperature heating for supplying heat to the low temperature heating terminal N4 are configured to be executable.

  The operation control device S manages a time-series power load and a time-series heat load. For example, the operation control device S manages the time-series power load and the time-series heat load in a state where the operation control apparatus S is divided into a power load and a heat load for each time period (every hour) of the day. And operation control device S is based on the electric load and heat load of each time zone (every hour) of the day actually used, and each time zone (every hour) of the day which has already been memorized. The power load and the heat load are updated, and the power load and the heat load in each time zone (every hour) of the day are learned.

  Here, the power load is, for example, a power load in a power supply unit such as a television, a refrigerator, and a washing machine that can freely supply power generated by the fuel cell 2, and although not shown, The power load is detected based on the detection information of the power load measuring means to be measured. The heat load is a sum of a hot water supply load used as hot water supply, a renewal load used for bath water reheating, and a heating load used in the high temperature heating terminal N3 and the low temperature heating terminal N4. . The hot water supply load can be obtained on the basis of the hot water supply temperature and the amount of hot water supply, the memorial load can be obtained on the basis of the operating state of the circulation pump 22 for the bathtub and the hot water temperature of the bathtub 20, and the heating load is subjected to high-temperature heating. It can obtain | require based on the operating state of the terminal N3 and the low temperature heating terminal N4.

  The operation control device S performs, for example, a so-called electric main operation in which the fuel cell system D is operated so as to cover a currently requested power load and a future predicted power load. It is comprised so that heat storage operation may be performed. In addition, the operation control device S is configured to perform a heat radiation operation upon occurrence of each request such as a hot water supply request, a chasing request, a high temperature heating request, and a low temperature heating request. Incidentally, the operation control device S is not limited to the main operation for the operation of the fuel cell system D, and so-called heat for operating the fuel cell system D so as to cover the currently required heat load and the predicted heat load in the future. It is also possible to perform the main operation.

Hereinafter, each operation will be described.
(Heat storage operation)
The operation control device S closes the fifth control valve V5, the seventh control valve V7, etc., and opens the sixth control valve V6 and the first control valve V1, and operates the heat medium circulation pump 4. Thereby, as shown by the solid line thick line and the solid line arrow in FIG. 1, the heating circulation path so that the heat medium taken out from the bottom of the heat storage tank T is returned to the upper part of the heat storage tank T via the heat medium heating means K. The heat medium is circulated in L, and the high-temperature heat medium heated by the heat medium heating means K is stored in the heat storage tank T, whereby the exhaust heat of the fuel cell 2 is stored in the heat storage tank T.
Although illustration is omitted, the bottom flow path Rt or the 14th flow path R14 is provided with a temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the heat medium, and the operation control device S uses the temperature detected by the temperature sensor to store the heat storage tank T. The temperature of the heat medium taken out from the bottom and supplied to the fuel cell system D is grasped. Then, the operation control device S operates the radiator 5 when the temperature of the heat medium supplied to the fuel cell system D is higher than the allowable upper limit temperature. Thereby, the exhaust heat of the fuel cell 2 can be stored while the fuel cell 2 is cooled.

  The operation control device D continues the operation of the heat medium circulation pump 4 when the fuel cell system D is operating even when the heat storage amount of the heat storage tank T is full. At this time, the fuel cell 2 is cooled by releasing heat from the radiator 5.

(Heat dissipation operation for hot water supply)
The operation control device S selects whether to switch the heat radiation circuit M to the first circulation state or the second circulation state based on the switching condition shown in FIG. 6, and controls the first to seventh control valves V1 to V7. By performing the opening / closing control, the heat medium circulation pump 1 is operated by switching to the selected one of the first circulation state and the second circulation state. Further, the operation control device S selects whether to switch the heat dissipation circuit M to the first circulation state or to the second circulation state based on the switching condition shown in FIG. 6 during the execution of the hot water supply heat radiation operation. The heat dissipation circuit M can be switched between the first circulation state and the second circulation state even during execution of the hot water supply heat radiation operation. And the water supplied in the water supply path 15 is heated with the heat medium supplied to the heat exchanger N1 for hot water supply, and the hot water is mixed with water to supply hot water. Then, when the hot water supply is finished, the operation control device S finishes the hot water supply heat radiation operation.

  When switched to the first circulation state, as shown by the solid thick line and the solid line arrow in FIG. 2, the heat radiation circulation path M is sequentially connected from the hot water supply heat exchanger N1 to the heat storage tank detour Rb and the eleventh flow path R11. , Bottom channel Rt, tank connection channel R0, expansion tank B, first channel R1, second channel R2, third channel R3 or fourth channel R4, fifth channel R5, seventh flow It is formed by the path R7 and the ninth flow path R9.

  Then, when the operation control device S is switched to the first circulation state, if the temperature of the heat medium supplied to the hot water supply heat exchanger N1 becomes lower than the required temperature, the second control valve By selecting the third flow path R3 from the third flow path R3 and the fourth flow path R4 at V2, the heat medium in the heat storage tank T is circulated and supplied to the hot water supply heat exchanger N1 through the auxiliary heater H. The Thereby, in addition to the heat stored in the heat storage tank T, the heat medium heated by the auxiliary heater H can be supplied to the hot water supply heat exchanger N1. In this way, when the heat dissipation circulation path M is switched to the first circulation state, the heating medium is passed through the heating state in which the heating medium is passed through the auxiliary heater H and the fourth flow path R4 as a bypass path. There is provided a flow state switching means switchable to a bypass state. The flow state switching means is configured by the second control valve V2 and the operation control device S.

  In addition, when the fuel cell system D is in operation when the operation control device S is switched to the first circulation state, the operation control device S partially opens the sixth control valve V6 to thereby provide a heat exchanger for hot water supply. A part of the heat medium returned from N1 to the bottom part of the heat storage tank T is branched and heated by the heat medium heating means K and joined to the heat medium taken out from the upper part of the heat storage tank T. Thereby, not only the heat stored in the heat storage tank T but also the exhaust heat of the fuel cell 2 can be supplied to the hot water supply heat exchanger N1. In this case, for example, the flow rate of the heat medium returned to the bottom of the heat storage tank T is made larger than the flow rate of the heat medium supplied to the heat medium heating means K, and the heat storage tank is compared with the hot water supply heat exchanger N1. While mainly supplying the heat stored in T, the exhaust heat of the fuel cell 2 can be additionally supplied. Thus, by making the exhaust heat of the fuel cell 2 available, not only the exhaust heat of the past fuel cell 2 stored in the heat storage tank T but also the exhaust heat of the current fuel cell 2 can be used. This makes it possible to reduce the operating rate of the auxiliary heater H, which is advantageous for improving energy saving.

  When switched to the second circulation state, as shown by the dotted thick line and the dotted arrow in FIG. 2, the heat radiation circulation path M is arranged in order from the hot water supply heat exchanger N1, the bypass Rb, the second flow path R2, the third The channel R3, the fifth channel R5, the seventh channel R7, and the ninth channel R9 are formed. Therefore, when the heat radiation circuit M is switched to the second circulation state, the heating state in which the heat medium is passed through the auxiliary heater H by the operation control device S and the second control valve V2 as the flow state switching means. It has been switched to.

(Heat radiation operation for remembrance)
Similarly to the hot water supply heat radiation operation, the operation control device S switches the heat radiation circulation path M to the first circulation state or the second circulation state based on the switching condition shown in FIG. Further, the operation control device S switches the heat radiation circuit M to the first circulation state or the second circulation state based on the switching condition shown in FIG. 6 even during the execution of the memorial heat radiation operation. And the operation control apparatus S operates the circulating pump 22 for bathtubs, and heats the hot water of the bathtub 20 circulated in the circulation path 21 for bathtubs with the heat medium supplied to the heat exchanger N2 for baths. A memorial service. When the hot water in the bathtub 20 reaches a predetermined temperature, the operation control device S ends the memorial heat radiation operation.

  When switched to the first circulation state, as shown by the solid thick line and solid line arrow in FIG. 3, the heat radiation circulation path M starts from the bath heat exchanger N2 in order, the tenth flow path R10 and the eleventh flow path R11. , Bottom channel Rt, tank connection channel R0, expansion tank B, first channel R1, second channel R2, third channel R3 or fourth channel R4, fifth channel R5, seventh flow A path R7 and a tenth flow path R10 are formed.

  As in the case of the hot water supply heat radiation operation, if the temperature of the heat medium supplied to the bath heat exchanger N2 is lower than the required temperature when switching to the first circulation state, the operation control device S selects the third flow path R3 from the third flow path R3 and the fourth flow path R4 by the second control valve V2, and the heat medium in the heat storage tank T is heated by the auxiliary heater H to take a bath. Is circulated and supplied to the heat exchanger N2. In addition, when the fuel cell system D is in operation, the operation control device S partially opens the sixth control valve V6 to return the heat medium from the bath heat exchanger N2 to the bottom of the heat storage tank T. Is partly branched and heated by the heat medium heating means K and joined to the heat medium taken out from the upper part of the heat storage tank T. Thus, by making the exhaust heat of the fuel cell 2 available, not only the exhaust heat of the past fuel cell 2 stored in the heat storage tank T but also the exhaust heat of the current fuel cell 2 can be used. This makes it possible to reduce the operating rate of the auxiliary heater H, which is advantageous for improving energy saving.

  When switched to the second circulation state, as shown by the dotted thick line and the dotted arrow in FIG. 3, the heat radiation circulation path M is arranged in order from the bath heat exchanger N2 to the eleventh flow path R11, the heat storage tank detour. Rb, the second channel R2, the third channel R3, the fifth channel R5, the seventh channel R7, and the tenth channel R10.

(Heat radiation operation for high temperature heating)
Similarly to the hot water supply heat radiation operation, the operation control device S switches the heat radiation circulation path M to the first circulation state or the second circulation state based on the switching condition shown in FIG. Further, the operation control device S switches the heat radiation circuit M to the first circulation state or the second circulation state based on the switching condition shown in FIG. 6 even during the execution of the high temperature heating heat radiation operation. And the operation control apparatus S operates the high temperature heating terminal N3 using the heat which the heat medium supplied to the high temperature heating terminal N3 has. When the high temperature heating request is stopped, for example, when the operation switch of the high temperature heating terminal N3 is turned off, the operation control device S ends the high temperature heating heat radiation operation.

  When switched to the first circulation state, as shown by the solid thick line and solid line arrow in FIG. 4, the heat radiation circuit M is arranged in order from the high temperature heating terminal N3, the twelfth flow channel R12, the eleventh flow channel R11, and the bottom. Channel Rt, tank connection channel R0, expansion tank B, first channel R1, second channel R2, third channel R3 or fourth channel R4, fifth channel R5 and eighth channel R8 Is formed.

  As in the hot water supply heat radiation operation, when the temperature of the heat medium supplied to the high temperature heating terminal N3 is lower than the required temperature when switching to the first circulation state, the operation control device S The third flow path R3 is selected from the third flow path R3 and the fourth flow path R4 by the second control valve V2, and the heat medium in the heat storage tank T is heated by the auxiliary heater H, so that the high temperature heating terminal Circulatingly supplied to N3. Further, when the fuel cell system D is in operation, the operation control device S partially opens the sixth control valve V6 so as to return the heat medium returned from the high temperature heating terminal N3 to the bottom of the heat storage tank T. The part is branched and heated by the heat medium heating means K and joined to the heat medium taken out from the upper part of the heat storage tank T. Thus, by making the exhaust heat of the fuel cell 2 available, not only the exhaust heat of the past fuel cell 2 stored in the heat storage tank T but also the exhaust heat of the current fuel cell 2 can be used. This makes it possible to reduce the operating rate of the auxiliary heater H, which is advantageous for improving energy saving.

  When switched to the second circulation state, as shown by the dotted thick line and the dotted arrow in FIG. 4, the heat radiation circuit M is arranged in order from the high temperature heating terminal N3, the twelfth channel R12, the eleventh channel R11, The heat storage tank bypass Rb, the second flow path R2, the third flow path R3, the fifth flow path R5, and the eighth flow path R8 are formed.

(Heat radiation operation for low temperature heating)
Similarly to the hot water supply heat radiation operation, the operation control device S switches the heat radiation circulation path M to the first circulation state or the second circulation state based on the switching condition shown in FIG. Further, the operation control device S switches the heat radiation circuit M to the first circulation state or the second circulation state based on the switching condition shown in FIG. 6 even during the execution of the low temperature heating heat radiation operation. And the operation control apparatus S operates the low temperature heating terminal N4 using the heat which the heat medium supplied to the low temperature heating terminal N4 has. When the low temperature heating request is stopped, for example, when the operation switch of the low temperature heating terminal N4 is turned OFF, the operation control device S ends the low temperature heating heat radiation operation.

  When switched to the first circulation state, as shown by the solid thick line and solid line arrow in FIG. 5, the heat radiation circuit M is arranged in order from the low-temperature heating terminal N4, the thirteenth channel R13, the eleventh channel R11, and the bottom. The channel Rt, the tank connection channel R0, the expansion tank B, the first channel R1, the second channel R2, the third channel R3 or the fourth channel R4, and the sixth channel R6 are formed. The

  As in the hot water supply heat radiation operation, when the temperature of the heat medium supplied to the low temperature heating terminal N4 becomes lower than the required temperature when switching to the first circulation state, the operation control device S The third flow path R3 is selected from the third flow path R3 and the fourth flow path R4 by the second control valve V2, and the heat medium in the heat storage tank T is heated by the auxiliary heater H, and the low temperature heating terminal Circulatingly supplied to N4. Further, when the fuel cell system D is in operation, the operation control device S partially opens the sixth control valve V6 so that the heat control medium S returns from the low temperature heating terminal N4 to the bottom of the heat storage tank T. The part is branched and heated by the heat medium heating means K and joined to the heat medium taken out from the upper part of the heat storage tank T. Thus, by making the exhaust heat of the fuel cell 2 available, not only the exhaust heat of the past fuel cell 2 stored in the heat storage tank T but also the exhaust heat of the current fuel cell 2 can be used. This makes it possible to reduce the operating rate of the auxiliary heater H, which is advantageous for improving energy saving.

  When switched to the second circulation state, as indicated by the dotted thick line and the dotted arrow in FIG. 5, the heat radiation circulation path M starts from the low-temperature heating terminal N4 in order, the thirteenth flow path R13, the eleventh flow path R11, and the heat storage. A tank bypass route Rb, a second flow path R2, a third flow path R3, and a sixth flow path R6 are formed.

[Second Embodiment]
This 2nd Embodiment is another embodiment about the switching conditions for the thermal radiation state switching means to switch to a 1st circulation state and a 2nd circulation state in the said 1st Embodiment. Hereinafter, the switching conditions will be described, and the other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, and thus description thereof will be omitted.

  Assuming that the switching condition covers the power load predicted in the future in the power supply unit that can freely supply the power generated by the fuel cell 2 and the heat load in the heat consumption unit F predicted in the future, It is defined as a condition for switching to the dominant index among the index when switching to the first circulation state and the index when switching to the second circulation state.

  As described in the first embodiment, the operation control device S manages a time-series power load and a time-series heat load. For example, the operation control device S manages the time-series power load and the time-series heat load in a state where the operation control apparatus S is divided into a power load and a heat load for each time period (every hour) of the day. Therefore, the operation control device S can estimate the predicted power load in the future (for example, from the current time to the predicted prediction time) from the managed time-series power load. It is assumed that the main operation for operating the fuel cell system D to cover the predicted power load and the currently required power load is performed. Then, the operation control apparatus S assumes that the main operation is performed, and covers the future predicted heat load (for example, the heat load predicted between the current time T and the predicted expected time Te). An index (for example, gas) for each of the case where the first circulation state is covered and the case where the second circulation state is covered (when the heat output of the fuel cell 2 and the heat output of the auxiliary heater H are covered). Use amount, gas charge, primary energy use, etc.). That is, the case where it is covered by switching to the first circulation state is the case where it is covered by the heat output of the fuel cell 2, and the case where it is covered by switching to the second circulation state is that the heat output of the fuel cell 2 and the auxiliary heater H This is a case where it is covered by heat output, and by obtaining an index for each case, it is possible to compare which one is advantageous in terms of energy saving. In this way, the operation control device S switches to the dominant index among the index when switching to the first circulation state and the index when switching to the second circulation state.

For example, the case where the amount of gas used is obtained as an index will be described.
In providing the thermal load predicted from the current time T to the predicted estimated time Te, the following [Equation 1] is used to obtain the gas usage W when switching to the first circulation state to cover the thermal load. 2) Use the gas usage W when switching to a circulating state.

ここで、Ｇ_FCは燃料電池２でのガス消費量（ｍ³）であり、Ｇ_BUは補助加熱器Ｈのガス消費量（ｍ³）であり、Ｅ_FCは燃料電池２の発電量（ｋＷｈ）である。また、ｘは電力のガスの等価係数であり、発電量をガス使用量に変換するための係数である。

Here, G _FC is a gas consumption (m ³ ) in the fuel cell 2, G _BU is a gas consumption (m ³ ) of the auxiliary heater H, and E _FC is a power generation amount (kWh) of the fuel cell 2. ). Further, x is an equivalent coefficient of power gas, and is a coefficient for converting the amount of power generation into the amount of gas used.

For example, the operation control device S can obtain a predicted power load from the time-series power load being managed to the predicted time Te from the current time T, and fuel to cover this power load. It is assumed that the main operation for operating the battery system D is performed. Based on the assumption of the main operation, since the operation status such as the output of the fuel cell 2 and the operation time can be grasped from the current time T to the predicted prediction time Te, when the main operation is performed, The gas consumption amount G _{FC in the} fuel cell 2 and the power generation amount E _FC of the fuel cell 2 can be obtained, and the heat storage amount stored in the heat storage tank T can be obtained.

As described above, the gas consumption amount G _FC and the power generation amount E _FC of the fuel cell 2 can be obtained by assuming the main operation of the fuel cell system D. The gas consumption G _BU of the auxiliary heater H is different between when switching to the first circulation state and when switching to the second circulation state, which will be described.

First, the case where it switches to the 1st circulation state is demonstrated. For example, since the operation control device S manages the thermal load every hour, the thermal load predicted from the managed time-series thermal load to the predicted estimated time Te from the current time T. Can be requested. Therefore, first, a case is assumed where the thermal load predicted from the current time T to the predicted prediction time Te is covered by switching to the first circulation state. Since the heat storage amount stored in the heat storage tank T can be obtained from the heat output of the fuel cell 2 when the main operation is performed, the heat storage amount is predicted between the current time T and the predicted prediction time Te. If it is larger than the heat load, the heat load can be covered only by the amount of heat stored in the heat storage tank T without being heated by the auxiliary heater H. Therefore, at this time, the gas consumption amount G _BU of the auxiliary heater H can be obtained as 0 (zero). On the other hand, if the obtained heat storage amount is smaller than the predicted heat load, the shortage is supplemented by the auxiliary heater H. Therefore, assuming that the insufficient heat load is covered by the auxiliary heater H, the gas consumption G _BU of the auxiliary heater H can be obtained using the insufficient heat load and the efficiency of the auxiliary heater H. it can. In this way, by _obtaining the gas consumption amount G _BU of the auxiliary heater, the gas usage amount in the case of covering the thermal load predicted from the current time T to the predicted estimated time Te by switching to the first circulation state. W can be obtained.

Next, a description will be given of when switching to the second circulation state. Assume that the thermal load predicted between the current time T and the predicted estimated time Te is covered by switching to the second circulation state. At this time, the predicted heat load is covered by the auxiliary heater H. Therefore, the gas consumption G _BU of the auxiliary heater can be obtained by using the predicted heat load and the efficiency of the auxiliary heater. In this way, by _obtaining the gas consumption amount G _BU of the auxiliary heater, the gas usage amount in the case of covering the thermal load predicted from the current time T to the predicted estimated time Te by switching to the second circulation state W can be obtained.

  In this way, the gas usage W is obtained when the thermal load predicted between the current time T and the predicted estimated time Te is covered by switching to the first circulation state (when the thermal output of the fuel cell 2 covers the thermal load). In addition, when the thermal load predicted from the current time T to the predicted estimated time Te is covered by switching to the second circulation state (when the thermal output of the fuel cell 2 and the thermal output of the auxiliary heater H are covered) The gas usage amount W is obtained, and the smaller one of the obtained gas usage amounts W is regarded as the superior index, and the obtained gas usage amount W is switched to the smaller one of the first circulation state and the second circulation state.

  As described above, it is assumed that the main operation is performed when obtaining the gas consumption W. However, the output of the fuel cell system D is changed depending on the magnitude of the electric power load. The amount of gas used W can also be obtained by obtaining the amount of heat stored in the heat storage tank T using a coefficient that considers load efficiency and the like. Moreover, since the operation control apparatus S grasps the heat storage amount of the current heat storage tank T, the current heat storage amount of the heat storage tank T is added to the heat storage amount stored in the heat storage tank T in the main operation, The amount of gas used W can also be obtained.

  As described in the first embodiment, when the heat dissipation circuit M is switched to the first circulation state, if the fuel cell system D is in operation, the sixth control valve V6 is partially opened. As a result, the exhaust heat of the current fuel cell 2 can be supplied to the heat consuming part F. Therefore, in calculating the gas usage W when the first circulation state is switched by [Equation 1], the gas usage W is calculated using the current heat output and gas usage of the fuel cell 2. Is also possible.

In the first embodiment, when the heat radiation circuit M is switched to the first circulation state, the heat medium is circulated between the heat storage tank T and the heat consuming unit F. For example, the bottom channel Rt It is also possible to circulate the heat medium between the heat medium heating means K and the heat consuming part F by providing an open / close valve in the valve and closing the open / close valve and opening the sixth control valve V6. Thus, the heat medium is circulated between the heat medium heating means K and the heat consumption unit F, so that the exhaust heat of the fuel cell 2 is directly supplied to the heat consumption unit F without being stored in the heat storage tank T. be able to.
Therefore, in the second embodiment, when the thermal load predicted in the future (for example, the thermal load predicted between the current time T and the predicted estimated time Te) is covered, the first circulation state is provided. When obtaining the index, the index can be obtained by switching the heat radiation circuit M to the first circulation state and directly covering the heat load with the heat output of the fuel cell system D.

  In addition, for example, when heat is supplied to the heat consuming part F by performing a so-called main heat operation that operates the fuel cell system D so as to cover the current heat load, the fuel cell system D is operated. I can keep it. Therefore, assuming that the main heat operation is performed for the fuel cell system D, the heat radiation circuit M is switched to the first circulation state to cover the heat load predicted in the future by the heat output of the fuel cell system D. In addition to obtaining an index, obtaining an index in the case where a heat load of the fuel cell system D and a heat output of the auxiliary heater H cover a predicted thermal load in the future by switching the heat dissipation circuit M to the second circulation state, It is also possible to switch to the dominant index among the obtained indices.

[Another embodiment]
(1) In the first and second embodiments, it is possible to provide only the sealed heat storage tank T without providing the expansion tank B. Further, the heat storage tank T is not limited to a sealed type, but can be an open air type, and various heat storage tanks can be applied.

(2) In the said 1st and 2nd embodiment, the case where the heat consumption part F was equipped with the heat exchanger N1 for hot water supply, the heat exchanger N2 for baths, the high temperature heating terminal N3, and the low temperature heating terminal N4 was illustrated. However, you may implement with the form equipped with at least one of these as the heat-consuming part F, and the thing other than these is applicable as the heat-consuming part F.

(3) In the first and second embodiments, the heat dissipation circuit M can be switched between the first circulation state and the second circulation state for all of the plurality of heat consuming parts F. Only the heat radiation circuit M for the terminal N3 can be switched between the first circulation state and the second circulation state, and the heat radiation circuit M is provided for only a part of the plurality of heat consuming parts F. It is also possible to switch between the circulation state and the second circulation state.

(4) In the first embodiment, the switching condition is determined based on the heat storage amount of the heat storage tank and the temperature of the heat medium returned from the heat consuming part to the heat storage tank in the heat dissipation circuit, but the switching condition is Regardless of the temperature of the heat medium returned from the heat consuming part to the heat storage tank in the heat dissipation circulation path, it can be determined based only on the heat storage amount of the heat storage tank.

  The present invention comprises heat storage means for storing the exhaust heat of the fuel cell in a heat storage tank, and at least one of the exhaust heat of the fuel cell and the heat stored in the heat storage tank, and the heat generated by the auxiliary heater The heat can be supplied to the heat consuming unit, and various heats can be appropriately supplied to the heat consuming unit while reducing the exhaust heat recovery effect of the fuel cell and improving energy saving. Applicable to supply equipment.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Heat dissipation medium circulation means 2 Fuel cell F Heat consumption part H Auxiliary heater K Heat medium heating means L Heating circulation path M Heat radiation circulation path P Thermal storage means T Thermal storage tank R4 Bypass path (fourth flow path)
R14, 3B, 3A Branch / joint flow path Rb Heat storage tank detours V5, V7, S Heat radiation state switching means V2, S Flow state switching means

Claims (7)

Heat storage means for storing the exhaust heat of the fuel cell in a heat storage tank, and at least one of the exhaust heat of the fuel cell and the heat stored in the heat storage tank, and the heat generated by the auxiliary heater as a heat consuming unit A heat supply facility configured to be freely supplied to
The heat medium taken out from the heat storage tank is returned to the heat storage tank via the heat consumption part or between the heat medium heating means for heating the heat medium by exhaust heat of the fuel cell and the heat consumption part. A heat dissipating heat medium circulating means for circulating the heat medium through the heat dissipating circulation path for circulating the heat medium in a circulating form is provided, and the auxiliary heater includes the heat storage tank and the heat medium heating in the heat dissipating circulation path. The heat storage tank is provided between the heat consuming section and bypasses the heat storage tank and the heat medium heating means, and bypasses the heat storage tank and guides the heat medium from the heat consuming section to the auxiliary heater. A mode in which a passage is provided and heated by the auxiliary heater through the heat storage tank or a first circulation state in which the heat medium is circulated through the heat storage tank or the heat medium heating means and through the heat storage tank detour based on a predetermined switching condition In heat Heat supply facility radiating state switching means for switching the radiating circulation path and the second circulation condition that circulates is provided with.   It is assumed that the switching condition covers a future predicted power load in a power supply unit capable of supplying power generated by the fuel cell and a future predicted heat load in the heat consumption unit. 2. The heat supply equipment according to claim 1, wherein the heat supply equipment is defined as a condition for switching to the dominant index among the index when switching to the first circulation state and the index when switching to the second circulation state. .   2. The heat supply facility according to claim 1, wherein the switching condition is determined based on a heat storage amount of the heat storage tank and a temperature of a heat medium returned from the heat consumption unit to the heat storage tank in the heat dissipation circulation path. .   The heat supply facility according to claim 1, wherein the switching condition is determined based on a heat storage amount of the heat storage tank.   When the heat dissipation circulation path is provided with a bypass path that bypasses the auxiliary heater, and the heat dissipation state switching means switches the heat dissipation circulation path to the first circulation state, a heat medium is passed through the auxiliary heater. The heating state is freely switchable between a heating state for flowing through and a bypass state for allowing a heat medium to flow through the bypass passage, and the heating state is switched when the heat dissipation state switching means switches the heat dissipation circulation path to the second circulation state. The heat supply facility according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a flow state switching means for switching to the above.   Branching and merging that causes a part of the heat medium returned from the heat consuming part to the heat storage tank to be branched into the heat dissipation circulation path and heated by the exhaust heat of the fuel cell to join the heat medium taken out from the heat storage tank The heat supply facility according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a path is provided.   The heat storage means is a heating medium that causes the heat medium to flow in such a manner that the heat medium taken out from the bottom of the heat storage tank is returned to the top of the heat storage tank via a heat medium heating means that heats the exhaust heat from the fuel cell. A heating medium circulating means for circulating the heating medium through the circulation path for supplying heat to the bottom part of the heat storage tank by supplying the heat medium taken out from the upper part of the heat storage tank to the heat consuming part. The heat medium is configured to flow in a return form, and the heat medium is returned to the flow path portion for taking out the heat medium from the bottom of the heat storage tank in the heating circulation path and to the bottom of the heat storage tank in the heat dissipation circulation path. The flow path part is constituted by a common flow path, and the heat medium is taken out from the flow path part for returning the heat medium to the upper part of the heat storage tank in the heating circulation path and from the upper part of the heat storage tank in the heat dissipation circulation path. Shared with the flow path Heat supply facility according to any one of claims 1 to 6, are constituted by flow paths.

Images