JP2011008963A - Storage battery regenerating method, and storage battery regenerating device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a storage battery regenerating method and storage battery regenerating device for greatly reducing a time for the regenerating treatment of a storage battery.SOLUTION: The storage battery regenerating method is provided for carrying a pulse current into the storage battery to regenerate the storage battery. Herein, the voltage and temperature of the storage battery under regenerating treatment are detected, and a current value for the pulse current to be carried into the storage battery is controlled in accordance with the detected voltage and temperature of the storage battery to converge the voltage and temperature of the storage battery to fixed values.

Description

  The present invention relates to a storage battery regeneration method and a storage battery regeneration device, and more particularly to a storage battery regeneration method and a storage battery regeneration device that perform regeneration of a storage battery with degraded performance by applying a pulse current to the storage battery.

In a storage battery such as a lead storage battery, lead sulfate (PbSO ₄ ) is generated on the surface of the electrode during discharge, and this lead sulfate crystallizes over time and accumulates and adheres to the electrode, thereby degrading the performance of the storage battery. Bring.

  It is known that lead sulfate fixed to an electrode can be reduced to an electrolytic solution by applying a pulse current. Conventionally, by applying a pulse current to a storage battery with deteriorated performance, 2. Description of the Related Art A storage battery regeneration device that simultaneously charges a storage battery is known.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the storage battery regeneration device 400 described in Patent Document 1, and FIG. 5 is a waveform diagram of a pulse current supplied from the storage battery regeneration device 400.

  A storage battery regeneration device 400 described in Patent Document 1 includes a microcomputer 401 that performs various controls, a DC power supply 402, switching elements 403 and 404, and a resistance R at a connection point between the switching elements 403 and 404. The storage battery B to be subjected to the regeneration process is connected via

In the storage battery regeneration device 400, as shown in FIG. 5, during the charging period T1, the charging current Ic obtained by superimposing the pulse current Ip on the base current Ib is supplied to the storage battery B, thereby the pulse current Ip The lead sulfate (PbSO ₄ ) is decomposed at the same time, and at the same time, the storage battery is charged by the base current Ib to shorten the time required for the regeneration process.

  Further, the charging period T1 and the charging suspension period T2 are repeatedly executed a predetermined number of times under the control of the microcomputer 401. By providing the suspension period T2 in this way, the temperature of the storage battery due to overcharging is increased. The rise is prevented and safety is secured.

  Further, in Patent Document 2, in a lead storage battery regenerator that removes lead sulfate on the electrode surface by applying a pulse current to the lead battery, the temperature of the storage battery is made constant at a temperature at which lead sulfate can be efficiently removed. As described above, there is disclosed an apparatus that measures the temperature of a storage battery during a regeneration process and feedback-controls the current value of a pulse current that is passed through a lead battery based on the measured temperature.

JP 2004-134139 A JP 2006-164540 A

However, in the storage battery reproduction device 400 described in Patent Document 1, the set values of the charging period T1 and the suspension period T2 are values obtained experimentally based on the type and capacity of the storage battery, and are actually reproduced. It does not correspond to the characteristics of individual storage batteries. In particular, for the suspension period T2, a value that sufficiently considers safety is set in order to avoid damage to the storage battery due to an excessive temperature rise of the storage battery.
Therefore, in practice, even if pulse charging can be continued without passing the pause time T2, it is necessary to wait for the preset pause time T2, and as a result, regeneration of the storage battery There has been a problem that processing takes more time than necessary.

  Further, in the storage battery regeneration device 400 of Patent Document 1, the charging current Ic is obtained by superimposing the pulse current Ip on the base current Ib. This base current Ib reduces the charging time of the storage battery. It is applied for the purpose and does not inherently contribute to the regeneration process itself of the storage battery. Furthermore, application of the base current Ib causes an increase in the temperature of the storage battery, and as a result In order to avoid damage to the storage battery due to excessive temperature rise of the storage battery, it is necessary to provide a sufficient suspension period T2, and it has not been possible to sufficiently shorten the regeneration process of the storage battery.

  In addition, the storage battery regeneration device described in Patent Document 2 controls the current value of the pulse current based only on the measured temperature of the storage battery so that the temperature of the storage battery does not increase above a certain value, and increases the voltage value, etc. It was not possible to sufficiently cope with the temperature rise of the storage battery due to the battery, and safety during the storage battery regeneration process could not be sufficiently ensured.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a storage battery regeneration method and a storage battery regeneration device that can regenerate the storage battery in a short time and safely.

  In order to solve the above-described problem, a storage battery regeneration method according to claim 1 of the present invention is a storage battery regeneration method in which a pulse current is applied to a storage battery to regenerate the storage battery. The storage battery voltage during regeneration processing and the temperature of the storage battery , And the current value of the pulse current supplied to the storage battery is controlled so that the voltage of the storage battery and the temperature of the storage battery converge to a constant value, respectively.

  As a result, the pulse current can be continuously energized according to the state of the storage battery, and the regeneration processing time of the storage battery can be shortened.

  The storage battery regeneration method according to claim 2 of the present invention is the storage battery regeneration method according to claim 1, wherein the control of the current value of the pulse current is performed by setting the detected storage battery voltage and storage battery temperature, respectively. Compared with a predetermined threshold value, when either the detected storage battery voltage or the storage battery temperature reaches the predetermined threshold value, the current value of the pulse current energized to the storage battery is decreased by a predetermined amount. It is characterized by.

  As a result, it is possible to continuously energize the pulse current while automatically suppressing the temperature rise of the storage battery, and it is possible to improve the safety during the regeneration process of the storage battery and to reduce the regeneration process time of the storage battery. It can be shortened.

  A storage battery regeneration method according to claim 3 of the present invention is the storage battery regeneration method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the temperature of the storage battery is measured by a non-contact type temperature sensor. To do.

  Thereby, it becomes possible to measure the temperature of a plurality of storage batteries to be regenerated with a single temperature sensor, and the workability during the regenerating process of the storage battery can be improved. Cost can be reduced.

  A storage battery regeneration device according to claim 4 of the present invention is a storage battery regeneration device that regenerates a storage battery by supplying a pulse current to the storage battery, and includes a power supply unit that generates DC power supplied to the storage battery, and the power supply unit. A switching waveform forming unit that generates a pulse current from an output direct current, a temperature sensor that measures the temperature of the storage battery, a voltage of the storage battery, and an energization of the storage battery so that the storage battery temperature converges to a certain value, respectively. And a control unit for controlling the current value of the pulse current.

  As a result, the pulse current can be continuously energized according to the state of the storage battery, and the regeneration processing time of the storage battery can be shortened.

  The storage battery regeneration device according to claim 5 of the present invention is the storage battery regeneration device according to claim 4, wherein the control unit compares the voltage of the storage battery and the temperature of the storage battery with predetermined threshold values, respectively. When any one of the voltage of the storage battery and the temperature of the storage battery reaches a predetermined threshold, the current value of the pulse current that is supplied to the storage battery is decreased by a predetermined amount.

  As a result, it is possible to continuously energize the pulse current while automatically suppressing the temperature rise of the storage battery, and it is possible to improve the safety during the regeneration process of the storage battery and to reduce the regeneration process time of the storage battery. It can be shortened.

  The storage battery regeneration device according to claim 6 of the present invention is the storage battery regeneration device according to any of claim 4 or 5, wherein the temperature sensor is a non-contact type temperature sensor. It is.

  Thereby, it becomes possible to measure the temperature of a plurality of storage batteries to be regenerated with a single temperature sensor, and the workability during the regenerating process of the storage battery can be improved. Cost can be reduced.

  According to the present invention, the value of the pulse current that is energized to the storage battery is feedback controlled based on both the terminal voltage of the storage battery and the temperature of the storage battery, so that the pulse current is continuously energized according to the state of the storage battery. As a result, during the initial stage of charging when the temperature of the storage battery is low, the storage battery can be pulse-regenerated at a stretch with a large current, and the regeneration time of the storage battery can be greatly shortened.

  In addition, when either the storage battery terminal voltage or the storage battery temperature reaches a predetermined threshold value, the value of the pulse current energized to the storage battery is decreased at a predetermined rate, so that the temperature of the storage battery rises. At the end of the regeneration, it is possible to continuously energize the storage battery with the pulse current while automatically suppressing the temperature rise of the storage battery, thereby ensuring sufficient safety during the regeneration process of the storage battery, and It is possible to shorten the reproduction time.

  In addition, since the temperature of the storage battery is measured by a non-contact type temperature sensor, the temperature of a plurality of storage batteries to be regenerated can be measured by one temperature sensor. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide a temperature sensor according to the number of the batteries, so that the workability during the regeneration process of the storage battery can be improved and the cost for the regeneration process of the storage battery can be reduced.

It is a figure showing the structure of the storage battery reproduction apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a timing diagram for demonstrating operation | movement of the storage battery reproduction apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a flowchart for demonstrating operation | movement of CPU. It is a figure which shows the structure of the conventional storage battery reproduction | regeneration apparatus. It is a wave form diagram of the pulse current output from the conventional storage battery reproducing | regenerating apparatus.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.

  FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a storage battery regeneration device according to the present invention.

  In FIG. 1, a storage battery regeneration device 100 includes an operation unit 101 that performs operation setting and operation display of the storage battery regeneration device 100, a control unit 102 that mainly performs setting and control of a regeneration current supplied to the storage battery, and an operation unit 101. A communication unit 103 that connects the control unit 102, a power supply unit 104 that supplies regenerative power of the storage battery, a switching waveform forming unit 105 that generates a pulse current to energize the storage battery, and a temperature sensor 106 that measures the temperature of the storage battery With.

  In FIG. 1, reference numeral 200 denotes a storage battery that is a target for regeneration processing. In the storage battery regeneration device 100 according to the first embodiment, in addition to the lead storage battery, it is possible to regenerate a fired alkaline storage battery, a nickel-cadmium storage battery, a nickel hydride storage battery, or the like.

  Hereinafter, each structure of the storage battery reproduction | regeneration apparatus 100 is demonstrated.

  The operation unit 101 includes an input unit 101a that accepts input of various setting values by a user, and a display unit 101b that displays a reproduction status of the storage battery 200 and an operation state of the storage battery reproduction device 100, and is configured by a touch panel.

  The input unit 101a is provided with the capacity of the storage battery 200 and the nominal voltage of the storage battery 200 as input items that can be set by the user. Further, the display unit 101b displays the terminal voltage tv of the storage battery 200 and the temperature bt of the storage battery 200 by numerical values and / or graphs. The display items in the input unit 101a are not limited to those described above, and input items such as an ON / OFF switch for reproduction operation may be provided. Moreover, in the display part 101b, it is good also as what displays the reproduction | regeneration condition of the storage battery 200 with a numerical value and / or a graph.

  The control unit 102 performs various controls of the storage battery regeneration device 100, and in particular performs feedback control of the regeneration current supplied to the storage battery 200 based on the terminal voltage tv and the temperature bt of the storage battery 200 during regeneration processing. It is.

  The control unit 102 includes a CPU 102a, a D / A conversion unit 102b, and an A / D conversion unit 102c. Among these, the CPU 102a sets and controls the reproduction power supplied to the storage battery 200, and a pulse signal having a predetermined frequency. The output of S1 or the processing of display data on the display unit 101b is performed. The D / A conversion unit 102 b converts the set voltage Vs and the set current Is set by the CPU 102 a into analog signals and outputs them to the power supply unit 104. The A / D converter 102c converts the terminal voltage tv and the temperature bt of the storage battery 200 into digital signals and outputs them to the CPU 102a. Here, the setting and control of the reproduction power by the CPU 102a will be briefly described.

  At the start of the regeneration process of the storage battery 200, the CPU 102a multiplies the nominal voltage of the storage battery 200 input to the input unit 101a by a predetermined coefficient A, and sets this as the set voltage Vs in the power supply unit 104. In addition, the capacity value of the storage battery 200 input to the input unit 101a is multiplied by a predetermined coefficient D, and this is set in the power supply unit 104 as the set current Is. The coefficient A is given in consideration of the energization loss in the switching waveform forming unit 103, and the value can be arbitrary. Further, the coefficient D can be set to a value of about 0.1 like a general battery charger.

  In addition, during the regeneration process of the storage battery 200, the CPU 102a monitors the terminal voltage tv and the temperature bt of the storage battery 200, and the terminal voltage tv of the storage battery 200 reaches a predetermined threshold Thv or the temperature from the start of regeneration. When the rate of increase of bt reaches a predetermined threshold value Tht, the current value set in the power supply unit 104 is reduced to E% of the current set current Is. In the first embodiment, the value of E is set to E = 80%, but this value can be set arbitrarily, and if the set value of E is increased, the time required for the regeneration process of the storage battery 200 Can be shortened, and when the value is reduced, the load applied to the storage battery 200 can be reduced. Details of the control by the CPU 102a will be described later.

  Next, in FIG. 1, the communication unit 103 connects the operation unit 101 and the control unit 102. In the first embodiment, the communication unit 103 is configured by Ethernet (registered trademark), and the operation unit 101 and the control unit 102 are housed in separate housings. As long as the communication unit 103 can perform signal communication between the operation unit 101 and the control unit 102, any type of communication can be used regardless of wired or wireless communication.

  The power supply unit 104 is a DC power supply device that supplies DC power set by the CPU 102a based on a control signal output from the D / A conversion unit 102b.

  The switching waveform forming unit 105 receives the pulse signal S1 output from the CPU 102a and the set current Is output from the power supply unit 104, and performs ON / OFF control of the set current Is based on the pulse signal S1 to generate a pulse. The current P is generated and output to the storage battery 200. The switching waveform forming unit 105 can use a semiconductor switching element such as an FET, GTO, or IGBT, and the number of connected storage batteries 200 can be increased by using one having a high withstand voltage. In the first embodiment, an IGBT is used as the switching waveform forming unit 105, whereby the storage battery 200 can be connected to a maximum of 100 cells. The pulse waveform of the pulse current P generated by the switching waveform forming unit 105 is rectangular, but the pulse waveform may have other shapes as long as the waveform has a steep rise. For example, the pulse waveform may be a sawtooth waveform.

  The temperature sensor 106 measures the temperature of the storage battery 200. In the first embodiment, the temperature of all the storage batteries to be regenerated is measured using a non-contact infrared temperature sensor. The temperature sensor 106 may be a contact type sensor such as a thermocouple. In this case, either the liquid temperature of the storage battery 200 or the temperature outside the housing may be measured.

  Next, operation | movement of the storage battery reproduction apparatus 100 comprised as mentioned above is demonstrated using FIG.

  FIG. 2 is a timing chart schematically showing the relationship between the storage battery temperature bt and its threshold Tht, the terminal voltage tv and its threshold Thv, and the pulse current P output from the switching waveform forming unit 105.

  First, when the capacity and nominal voltage of the storage battery 200 are input to the input unit 101a by the user, the CPU 102a sets the set voltage Vs = nominal voltage × coefficient A and the set current Is = capacity × coefficient at the start of the regeneration process. D is calculated, and these values are converted into analog data by the D / A conversion unit 102b and then set in the power supply unit 104.

  Next, when the regeneration start switch of the storage battery 200 is turned on, a pulse signal S1 of several kHz to several tens of kHz is output from the CPU 102a to the switching waveform forming unit 105, and the set current Is is supplied from the power supply unit 104. It is output to the switching waveform forming unit 105. In the switching waveform forming unit 105, a pulse current P is generated from the pulse signal S1 and the set current Is, the pulse current P is output to the storage battery 200, and the regeneration of the storage battery 200 is started (FIG. 2, timing t1).

  The terminal voltage tv and the temperature bt of the storage battery 200 are converted into digital signals by the A / D conversion unit 102c of the control unit 102, respectively, and these values are displayed in real time on the display unit 101b after being processed by the CPU 102a. Is displayed.

After the timing t1, the pulse current P is continuously supplied to the storage battery 200, so that lead sulfate (PbSO ₄ ) fixed to the electrode of the storage battery 200 is removed. The terminal voltage tv and the temperature bt rise.

  When the terminal voltage tv reaches the threshold value Thv, the set current Is is set to a value that is 80% of the current set current Is under the control of the CPU 102a (see timing t2 in FIG. 2). Thereafter, the regeneration of the storage battery 200 is continued, and when the terminal voltage tv reaches the threshold Thv again, the set current Is for the power supply unit 104 is set to a value of 80% of the current set current Is (FIG. 2). , See timing t3). Note that FIG. 2 illustrates a case where the terminal voltage tv reaches the threshold value Thv, but the same control as described above is performed when the temperature bt of the storage battery 200 reaches the threshold value Tht.

  After timing t3, under the feedback control based on the terminal voltage tv of the storage battery 200 and the temperature bt, the storage battery 200 is regenerated while gradually reducing the set current Is, and the set current Is set in the power supply unit 104. Reaches a predetermined value, for example, a value equal to or less than 1% of the capacity of the storage battery 200, the regeneration process of the storage battery 200 ends (see timing t4 in FIG. 2) assuming that it has been switched to floating charging.

  In the storage battery regeneration device 100 of the first embodiment described above, the set current Is is set to a constant ratio (E = 80%) every time the increase rate of the terminal voltage tv or the temperature bt of the storage battery 200 reaches a predetermined threshold value. However, the ratio of reducing the set current Is may be changed according to the progress of the regeneration process of the storage battery.

  Moreover, in the said storage battery reproduction | regeneration apparatus 100, although the control of the electric current value of the pulse electric current supplied to the storage battery 200 shall be performed by reducing the setting electric current Is set to the power supply part 104, the pulse signal output from CPU102a Under the control of S1, the duty ratio of the pulse current P may be changed to reduce the current value supplied to the storage battery 200.

  Next, the processing of the CPU 102a in the operation of the storage battery reproduction device 100 described above will be described in detail with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

  At the start of the reproduction process, the CPU 102a sets, as an initial power source, a value obtained by multiplying the nominal voltage input to the input unit 101a by a coefficient A as an initial set voltage Vs, and is input to the input unit 101a. A value obtained by multiplying the capacitance value by the coefficient D is set as the initial set current Is (step S301).

  When the regeneration process of the storage battery 200 is started, the CPU 102a compares the terminal voltage tv of the storage battery 200 with the threshold Thv, and also compares the temperature bt of the storage battery 200 with the threshold Tht (step S302). If it is determined in step S302 that neither the terminal voltage tv nor the temperature bt has reached the threshold value, the current set current Is is maintained, and the terminal voltage tv and the temperature bt are continuously monitored. On the other hand, when determining in step S302 that the terminal voltage tv has reached the threshold value Thv or that the temperature bt has reached the threshold value Tht, the CPU 102a changes the set current Is set in the power supply unit 104 to the current set current Is. It is reduced to 80% (step S303).

  When the set current Is is decreased in step S303, the CPU 102a determines whether or not the current set current Is has reached a predetermined value, that is, 1% of the capacity of the storage battery 200 (step S304). If it is determined in step S304 that the set current Is has reached 1% of the capacity of the storage battery 200, the regeneration process of the storage battery 200 is completed assuming that the charging is switched to floating charging. On the other hand, if it is determined in step S304 that the set current Is is not 1% or less of the capacity of the storage battery 200, the terminal voltage tv of the storage battery 200 is compared with the threshold Thv, as in the previous step S302. Further, the temperature bt is compared with the threshold value Tht (step S305).

  If it is determined in step S305 that neither the terminal voltage tv nor the temperature bt exceeds the threshold, the current set current Is is maintained, and the terminal voltage tv and the temperature bt are continuously monitored. On the other hand, if it is determined in step S305 that either the terminal voltage tv or the temperature bt has reached a predetermined threshold value, the process returns to step S303 to set the set current Is set in the power supply unit 104 to the current setting. Reduce to 80% of current Is.

  Then, steps S303 to S305 are repeated until the set current Is reaches a value of 1% or less of the capacity of the storage battery 200. In step S304, it is determined that the set current Is has reached 1% of the capacity of the storage battery 200. At that time, the regeneration process of the storage battery 200 is completed assuming that the charging is switched to the floating charge.

  As described above, according to the storage battery regeneration device of the first embodiment, in the storage battery regeneration device that regenerates the storage battery using the pulse current, the value of the pulse current that is energized to the storage battery, the terminal voltage of the storage battery, and the temperature The feedback control is based on both of the above, and when either the terminal voltage or the temperature of the storage battery reaches a predetermined threshold, the value of the pulse current energized to the storage battery is decreased at a predetermined rate. In the early stage of regeneration when the temperature of the storage battery is low, a large pulse current can be applied to the storage battery at once, and at the end of regeneration when the temperature of the storage battery rises, the temperature rise of the storage battery is automatically suppressed. However, the pulse current can be continuously supplied to the storage battery, thereby ensuring a sufficient safety during the regeneration process of the storage battery and increasing the regeneration time of the storage battery. It is possible to shorten the.

  In addition, under the feedback control based on both the terminal voltage and temperature of the storage battery, the current value of the pulse current is decreased stepwise, and the regeneration process of the storage battery is performed when the current value of the pulse current reaches a predetermined value. Since it has been completed, it is possible to automate all the steps from the start of the storage battery regeneration process until the storage battery is fully charged, and the workability of the storage battery regeneration process can be greatly improved.

  In addition, since the temperature of the storage battery is measured by a non-contact infrared temperature sensor, it is not necessary to provide a temperature sensor according to the number of storage batteries to be regenerated, and the workability of the storage battery regeneration process can be improved, and the storage battery regeneration Costs for processing can be reduced.

  In addition, since the voltage and temperature of the storage battery being regenerated are displayed as numerical values and / or graphs, the progress of regeneration of the storage battery can be easily confirmed, improving the workability of the storage battery regeneration process. can do.

  Furthermore, by using a high-voltage-resistant semiconductor switching element as the switching waveform forming unit, the number of storage batteries connected to the regeneration process can be greatly increased, and the work efficiency of the storage battery regeneration process can be increased. it can.

  The storage battery regeneration device and the storage battery regeneration method according to the present invention are useful in that the time required for the regeneration process of the storage battery can be significantly reduced while sufficiently ensuring safety.

101 Operation Unit 101a Input Unit 101b Display Unit 102 Control Unit 102a CPU
102b D / A conversion section 102c A / D conversion section 103 communication section 104 power supply section 105 switching waveform forming section 106 temperature sensor 200 storage battery S1 pulse signal Vs set voltage Is set current tv terminal voltage bt storage battery temperature P pulse current

Claims (6)

In a storage battery regeneration method for regenerating a storage battery by passing a pulse current through the storage battery,
Detect the storage battery voltage and storage battery temperature during the regeneration process,
Controlling the current value of the pulse current to be supplied to the storage battery so that the voltage of the storage battery and the temperature of the storage battery each converge to a constant value;
A method for regenerating a storage battery. The storage battery regeneration method according to claim 1,
The control of the current value of the pulse current is as follows:
Comparing the detected storage battery voltage and storage battery temperature respectively with a predetermined threshold;
When any of the detected storage battery voltage and storage battery temperature reaches the predetermined threshold, the current value of the pulse current energized to the storage battery is decreased by a predetermined amount.
A method for regenerating a storage battery. In the storage battery reproduction | regenerating method in any one of Claim 1 or 2,
The temperature of the storage battery is measured by a non-contact type temperature sensor,
A method for regenerating a storage battery. In a storage battery regeneration device for regenerating a storage battery by passing a pulse current through the storage battery,
A power supply unit for generating DC power to be supplied to the storage battery;
A switching waveform forming unit that generates a pulse current from a direct current output from the power supply unit;
A temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the storage battery;
A control unit that controls a current value of the pulse current that is passed through the storage battery so that the storage battery voltage and the storage battery temperature converge to a constant value, respectively.
A storage battery regeneration device characterized by that. In the storage battery regeneration device according to claim 4,
The control unit compares the voltage of the storage battery and the temperature of the storage battery with a predetermined threshold value, respectively, and energizes the storage battery when either the voltage of the storage battery or the temperature of the storage battery reaches a predetermined threshold value. Reduce the current value of the pulse current by a predetermined amount,
A storage battery regeneration device characterized by that. The storage battery regeneration device according to any one of claims 4 and 5,
The temperature sensor is a non-contact type temperature sensor,
A storage battery regeneration device characterized by that.

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