JP2003169424A - Secondary battery charging method and charging device - Google Patents
Secondary battery charging method and charging deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JP2003169424A JP2003169424A JP2001364618A JP2001364618A JP2003169424A JP 2003169424 A JP2003169424 A JP 2003169424A JP 2001364618 A JP2001364618 A JP 2001364618A JP 2001364618 A JP2001364618 A JP 2001364618A JP 2003169424 A JP2003169424 A JP 2003169424A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- charging
- battery
- voltage
- battery voltage
- current
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、いわゆる蓄電池、
二次電池への充電方法、および充電装置に関するもので
あり、特に携帯電話の電源として使用されるリチウム二
次電池への充電方法、および充電装置に関するものであ
る。TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a so-called storage battery,
More particularly, the present invention relates to a charging method and a charging device for a lithium secondary battery used as a power source of a mobile phone.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来から、充放電を繰り返すことができ
る二次電池は、携帯電話などの携帯機器や自動車やフォ
ークリフトなどの移動装置のための電源としてはもとよ
り、パソコン用電源や非常電源用など据え置き型の機器
に使用する電源として広く使用されてきた。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, rechargeable batteries that can be repeatedly charged and discharged have been used not only as power sources for mobile devices such as mobile phones and mobile devices such as automobiles and forklifts, but also as power sources for personal computers and emergency power sources. It has been widely used as a power source for stationary equipment.
【０００３】このような二次電池への充電方法として
は、当該二次電池の正負端子間における電池電圧の高低
に関わらず、電池の定格電圧より何％か多い一定の充電
電圧を印加することで満充電に至るまで充電する方法が
採られていた。この場合、電池には、電池電圧と充電電
圧との差に応じた充電電流が供給されることとなり、従
って充電初期段階における電池電圧が低い状態におい
て、大きい充電電流が電池に供給され、以降、電池電圧
の上昇に伴って充電電流は漸減することとなる。As a method of charging such a secondary battery, regardless of the level of the battery voltage between the positive and negative terminals of the secondary battery, a constant charging voltage higher than the rated voltage of the battery by some percentage is applied. The method of charging to full charge was adopted. In this case, the battery is supplied with a charging current according to the difference between the battery voltage and the charging voltage, and therefore, in the state where the battery voltage is low in the initial charging stage, a large charging current is supplied to the battery, and thereafter, The charging current will gradually decrease as the battery voltage increases.
【０００４】しかしながら、従来の充電方法における充
電効率や充電速度は必ずしも十分ではないという問題が
あり、また同時に二次電池には、充放電サイクルを経る
に従って充電容量が低下するという問題があり、これら
の問題を解消できる技術の開発が望まれていた。However, there is a problem that the charging efficiency and the charging speed in the conventional charging method are not always sufficient, and at the same time, the secondary battery has a problem that the charging capacity decreases as the charging / discharging cycle passes. It was desired to develop a technology capable of solving the above problem.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、高速での充
電が可能であり、高い充電効率が得られ、充電サイクル
を経ることによる充電容量の低下を抑制できる充電方
法、及び充電装置を提供することを目的とする。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a charging method and a charging device which are capable of high-speed charging, have high charging efficiency, and can suppress a decrease in charging capacity due to a charging cycle. The purpose is to do.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、二次電池への
充電プロセスにおいて、充電電圧と電池電圧の差が大き
い状態での高い充電電流の印加を回避することにより、
発熱などに起因する充電効率の低下や電池の劣化等を抑
止できるという知見に基づいて完成されたものであり、
電圧供給手段に電池および電流供給手段が直列に接続さ
れ、電池の正負電極間の電池電圧に基づいて前記電流供
給手段から電池に印加される充電電流を制御する充電方
法であって、充電電流が第１の所定値以下に保持され、
電池電圧が第１の基準値以下である第１のステップと、
充電電流が第２の所定値以上に保持され、電池電圧が第
１の基準値以上である第２のステップを有し、前記第２
の所定値は前記第１の所定値の少なくとも４倍であり、
前記電圧供給手段から出力される充電電圧は前記第１、
第２のステップを通じて一定に維持されることを特徴と
する電池の充電方法である。According to the present invention, in a charging process for a secondary battery, by avoiding application of a high charging current in a state where the difference between the charging voltage and the battery voltage is large,
It was completed based on the knowledge that it is possible to suppress deterioration of charging efficiency and deterioration of batteries due to heat generation, etc.
A charging method in which a battery and a current supply unit are connected in series to a voltage supply unit, and the charging current applied to the battery from the current supply unit is controlled based on the battery voltage between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery. Is kept below a first predetermined value,
A first step in which the battery voltage is below a first reference value;
A second step in which the charging current is maintained at a second predetermined value or more and the battery voltage is at least a first reference value;
The predetermined value of is at least four times the first predetermined value,
The charging voltage output from the voltage supply means is the first,
A method of charging a battery is characterized in that it is maintained constant throughout the second step.
【０００７】即ち、本発明においては、電池電圧が第１
の基準値以下である場合、低電流による充電が行われる
ことにより、充電初期段階などにおいて生じる、充電電
圧と電池電圧の差が大きい状態において、電池に高い充
電電圧が印加されることを回避する一方で、電池電圧が
第１の基準値以上となり、電池電圧と充電電圧の差が一
定値以下となった場合には、高い充電電流を印加するこ
とにより、充電プロセスが許容範囲を越えて長時間とな
ることを防止したものである。また、本発明において
は、充電プロセスにおける第１、第２のステップを通じ
て電圧供給手段から出力される充電電圧は一定に維持す
れば、充電装置の構成を簡易なものとすることができる
利点がある。That is, in the present invention, the battery voltage is the first
When the value is less than the reference value of, the high current is prevented from being applied to the battery in the state where there is a large difference between the charging voltage and the battery voltage, which occurs at the initial stage of charging due to the charging by the low current. On the other hand, if the battery voltage is above the first reference value and the difference between the battery voltage and the charging voltage is below a certain value, applying a high charging current will make the charging process longer than the allowable range. It prevents the time from being reached. Further, in the present invention, if the charging voltage output from the voltage supply means is maintained constant through the first and second steps in the charging process, there is an advantage that the structure of the charging device can be simplified. .
【０００８】本発明における第２の所定値は、好ましく
は第１の所定値の４倍以上、より好ましくは８〜１２倍
に設定されるものであり、特に好ましい実施形態におい
ては、第１のステップにおける充電電流、および、第２
のステップにおける充電電流はともに一定であって、後
者が前者の８〜１２倍の値に制御される。The second predetermined value in the present invention is preferably set to 4 times or more, and more preferably 8 to 12 times the first predetermined value. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the first predetermined value is Charging current in step and second
The charging currents in both steps are constant, and the latter is controlled to a value 8 to 12 times that of the former.
【０００９】また、本発明において第１のステップから
第２のステップへの移行が行われる第１の基準値は、電
池の定格電圧の６０〜７０％に設定することが好まし
く、また本発明における電圧供給手段から出力される充
電電圧は、電池の定格電圧の１２０〜１４０％に設定す
ることが好ましい。Further, in the present invention, the first reference value at which the transition from the first step to the second step is performed is preferably set to 60 to 70% of the rated voltage of the battery. The charging voltage output from the voltage supply means is preferably set to 120 to 140% of the rated voltage of the battery.
【００１０】なお、本発明の充電方法において、電池電
圧が第１の規定値よりも高い第２の規定値以上である場
合には、充電電流値を第３の所定値以下とする第３のス
テップを更に備えることができ、これにより、安定した
満充電の状態で充電を完了することができる。In the charging method of the present invention, when the battery voltage is equal to or higher than the second specified value which is higher than the first specified value, the charging current value is set to the third specified value or less. The method may further include a step, which allows the charging to be completed in a stable fully charged state.
【００１１】この場合、第２の基準値は、好ましくは定
格電圧の１０５〜１１５％に設定され、また第２の所定
値は、好ましくは第３の所定値の４倍以上、より好まし
くは８〜１２倍に設定されるものであり、特に好ましい
実施形態においては、第２のステップにおける充電電
流、および、第３のステップにおける充電電流はともに
一定値であって、前者が後者の８〜１２倍の値に制御さ
れる。In this case, the second reference value is preferably set to 105% to 115% of the rated voltage, and the second predetermined value is preferably four times or more the third predetermined value, more preferably 8 times. Is set to 12 times, and in a particularly preferred embodiment, the charging current in the second step and the charging current in the third step are both constant values, and the former is 8 to 12 times the latter. Controlled to double the value.
【００１２】上記した本発明の充電方法は、電池の正負
電極間の電池電圧を測定する電池電圧測定手段と、前記
電池電圧測定手段により測定される電池電圧に基づいて
電池に印加する充電電流を制御する電流供給手段と、電
池の正負端子に接続するための接続端子とを備え、前記
接続端子の少なくとも一方は前記電流供給手段を介して
前記電圧供給手段に接続され、前記電流供給手段は、前
記電池電圧が第１の基準値以下の場合には第１の所定値
以下の充電電流を出力し、前記電池電圧が第１の基準値
以上の場合には第２の所定値以上の充電電流を出力する
よう制御される充電装置であって、前記第２の所定値は
前記第１の所定値の少なくとも４倍であることを特徴と
する充電装置により実現することが可能であり、当該充
電装置における電流供給手段は、更に、前記電池電圧が
前記第１の基準値よりも高い第２の基準値以上の場合に
は第３の所定値以下の電流を出力するよう制御されもの
として構成することができ、この場合、前記第２の所定
値は好ましくは、前記第３の所定値の少なくとも４倍
に、より好ましくは前記第１、第３の所定値の８〜１２
倍設定することができ、特に、第１、第３の規定値を同
一の値とすることにより、電流供給手段を制御する回路
を簡易なものとすることができる。The above-described charging method of the present invention comprises a battery voltage measuring means for measuring the battery voltage between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery, and a charging current applied to the battery based on the battery voltage measured by the battery voltage measuring means. The current supply means for controlling, and a connection terminal for connecting to the positive and negative terminals of the battery, at least one of the connection terminal is connected to the voltage supply means via the current supply means, the current supply means, When the battery voltage is equal to or lower than a first reference value, a charging current equal to or lower than a first predetermined value is output, and when the battery voltage is equal to or higher than a first reference value, a charging current equal to or higher than a second predetermined value. It is possible to realize by the charging device, wherein the second predetermined value is at least four times as large as the first predetermined value. Power in equipment The supply means may be further configured to be controlled to output a current equal to or less than a third predetermined value when the battery voltage is equal to or higher than a second reference value higher than the first reference value. In this case, the second predetermined value is preferably at least four times the third predetermined value, more preferably 8 to 12 of the first and third predetermined values.
It is possible to set double, and in particular, by setting the first and third prescribed values to be the same value, the circuit for controlling the current supply means can be simplified.
【００１３】本発明の充電装置は、充電プロセスが許容
範囲を越えて長時間とされることなく、高い充電効率を
達成するとともに、充電容量の低下を抑制した充電を行
うことを可能にするものであるとともに、電池電圧測定
手段により測定される電池電圧に基づいて適切な充電電
流、及び充電電圧の制御を行うものであるために、定格
電圧の異なる種々の二次電池への充電を単一の充電装置
により実現することを可能とする効果を有する。The charging device of the present invention makes it possible to achieve high charging efficiency and perform charging while suppressing a decrease in charging capacity, without the charging process exceeding the allowable range for a long time. In addition, in order to control the charging current and charging voltage appropriately based on the battery voltage measured by the battery voltage measuring means, it is possible to charge various secondary batteries with different rated voltages in a single charge. It has an effect that can be realized by the charging device.
【００１４】なお、本発明の充電装置における電圧供給
手段への電力供給源は、スイッチング回路、チョッパー
回路、昇圧回路など公知の電気素子、電気回路を使用す
ることにより、家庭用ＡＣ電源、バッテリー、車載電源
など、任意の入力を使用することが可能であり、また、
本発明の充電装置の電圧供給手段は、これらの電気素
子、電気回路を組み合わせて使用することで、複数の電
力供給源から選択的に電力供給を受けるものとして構成
することが可能である。As the power supply source for the voltage supply means in the charging device of the present invention, a known AC or electric circuit such as a switching circuit, a chopper circuit, a booster circuit, or the like is used. It is possible to use any input such as in-vehicle power supply,
The voltage supply unit of the charging device of the present invention can be configured to selectively receive power supply from a plurality of power supply sources by using these electric elements and electric circuits in combination.
【００１５】また、上記した従来の問題は、電圧供給手
段に電池および負荷部品を直列に接続して行う電池の充
電方法であって、電池電圧が規定値未満の場合には前記
電圧供給手段から出力される充電電圧と電池電圧との差
を一定に保持するとともに、充電電流を一定に保持しつ
つ充電を行うことを特徴とする電池の充電方法によって
も解決される。Further, the above-mentioned conventional problem is a method of charging a battery by connecting a battery and a load component in series to the voltage supply means, and when the battery voltage is less than a specified value, the voltage supply means It is also solved by a battery charging method characterized in that charging is performed while keeping a constant difference between an output charging voltage and a battery voltage and a constant charging current.
【００１６】即ち、本充電方法では、電池電圧が基準値
以下である場合には、電圧供給手段から出力される充電
電圧と電池電圧の差を比較的小さい一定の値に保持する
ことにより、発熱などの弊害を抑制しつつ、高速充電を
行うことを可能としたものである。That is, according to the present charging method, when the battery voltage is equal to or lower than the reference value, the difference between the charging voltage output from the voltage supply means and the battery voltage is maintained at a relatively small constant value to generate heat. This makes it possible to perform high-speed charging while suppressing adverse effects such as.
【００１７】この場合、電圧供給手段から出力される充
電電圧と電池電圧の差は、電池の定格電圧の６０〜７５
％の範囲とすることが好ましく、また、基準値は、定格
電圧の５０〜７０％の範囲とすることが好ましい。In this case, the difference between the charging voltage output from the voltage supply means and the battery voltage is 60 to 75 times the rated voltage of the battery.
%, And the reference value is preferably 50 to 70% of the rated voltage.
【００１８】また、本充電方法においては更に、電池電
圧が基準値以上である場合には、充電電圧と電池電圧の
差、及び充電電流を漸減させることで満充電に近づくに
つれて充電速度を減少させるものとすることができ、こ
れにより、安定した満充電の常態で充電を完了すること
ができる。Further, in the present charging method, when the battery voltage is equal to or higher than the reference value, the difference between the charging voltage and the battery voltage and the charging current are gradually reduced to decrease the charging speed as the battery approaches full charge. Therefore, the charging can be completed in a stable and fully charged state.
【００１９】また、上記した充電方法は、電池の正負電
極間の電池電圧を測定する電池電圧測定手段と、該電池
電圧測定手段により測定される電池電圧が規定値以下の
場合には、充電電圧と電池電圧との差を一定に保持する
とともに充電電流を一定に保持する電圧供給手段と、電
池の正負端子に接続するための接続端子と、負荷部品を
備え、前記接続端子の少なくとも一方は、前記電圧供給
手段の少なくとも一方の出力に前記負荷部品を介して接
続されていることを特徴とする充電装置によって実現す
ることができ、当該充電装置における電圧供給手段は、
更に、電池電圧が規定値以上の場合には、充電電圧と電
池電圧の差、及び充電電流を電池電圧の上昇に伴って漸
減させるものとして構成することができ、これにより安
定した満充電の常態での充電の完了を可能とすることが
できる。Further, the above charging method includes a battery voltage measuring means for measuring the battery voltage between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery, and a charging voltage if the battery voltage measured by the battery voltage measuring means is less than a specified value. And a voltage supply means for holding the difference between the battery voltage and the charging current constant, a connection terminal for connecting to the positive and negative terminals of the battery, and a load component, at least one of the connection terminals, It can be realized by a charging device characterized in that it is connected to at least one output of the voltage supply means via the load component, and the voltage supply means in the charging device is
Further, when the battery voltage is equal to or higher than the specified value, the difference between the charging voltage and the battery voltage, and the charging current can be configured to be gradually reduced as the battery voltage rises. It is possible to complete the charging in.
【００２０】かかる充電装置は、発熱による充電効率の
低下などの弊害を抑制しつつ高速での充電を行うことを
可能にするものであるとともに、電池電圧測定手段によ
り測定される電池電圧に基づいて適切な充電電流、及び
充電電圧の制御を行うものであるために、定格電圧の異
なる種々の二次電池への充電を単一の装置により実現す
ることを可能とする効果を有する。Such a charging device is capable of performing high-speed charging while suppressing adverse effects such as a decrease in charging efficiency due to heat generation, and based on the battery voltage measured by the battery voltage measuring means. Since the charging current and the charging voltage are appropriately controlled, it has an effect of enabling various secondary batteries having different rated voltages to be charged by a single device.
【００２１】なお、本発明の充電装置における電圧供給
手段への電力供給源は、スイッチング回路、チョッパー
回路、昇圧回路など公知の電気素子、電気回路を使用す
ることにより、家庭用ＡＣ電源、バッテリー、自動車用
１２Ｖあるいは２４Ｖ電源など、任意の入力を使用する
ことが可能であり、また、本発明の充電装置の電圧供給
手段は、これらの電気素子、電気回路を併用すること
で、複数種類の入力回路から選択的に電力供給を受ける
ものとして構成することが可能である。As the power supply source for the voltage supply means in the charging device of the present invention, a well-known electric element such as a switching circuit, a chopper circuit, a step-up circuit or an electric circuit is used, so that a household AC power source, a battery, It is possible to use any input such as a 12V or 24V power source for automobiles, and the voltage supply means of the charging device of the present invention uses a plurality of types of inputs by using these electric elements and electric circuits together. It can be configured to selectively receive power from the circuit.
【００２２】[0022]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、図面に基づいて、定格電圧
３．７Ｖのリチウム電池への充電を行う場合を例とし
て、本発明の充電方法および充電装置の一実施態様を説
明する。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of a charging method and a charging device according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings, taking as an example the case of charging a lithium battery having a rated voltage of 3.7V.
【００２３】図１に示す本発明の充電装置の一実施態様
を示すブロック図である。FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the charging device of the present invention shown in FIG.
【００２４】図１において、充電装置１０は、電圧供給
手段１、負荷部品２、電流供給手段３、電池電圧測定手
段４、電池電圧測定手段４からの出力に基づいて電圧供
給手段１が出力する充電電圧または電流供給手段３から
の充電電流を制御する制御手段５、スイッチ６、接点
７、８より構成されており、スイッチ６をＡ側に切り替
えた場合には通常充電速度での充電装置（通常充電モー
ド）として動作し、スイッチ６をＢ側に切り替えた場合
には高速度での充電装置（高速充電モード）として動作
する。In FIG. 1, the charging device 10 outputs the voltage from the voltage supply means 1, the load component 2, the current supply means 3, the battery voltage measurement means 4, and the battery voltage measurement means 4 based on the outputs. It is composed of a control means 5 for controlling the charging voltage or the charging current from the current supply means 3, a switch 6, and contacts 7 and 8. When the switch 6 is switched to the A side, a charging device at a normal charging speed ( When the switch 6 is switched to the B side, it operates as a high-speed charging device (high-speed charging mode).
【００２５】通常充電モードにおいては、充電電流が、
電圧供給手段１の正極Ｃから負荷部品２、電流供給手段
３，スイッチ６の接点Ａ、接点７、電池９に至る経路を
経て充電電流が印加され、電池９から出た充電電流は、
更に接点８を経て電圧供給手段１の負極Ｄに至る。In the normal charging mode, the charging current is
A charging current is applied through a path from the positive electrode C of the voltage supplying means 1 to the load component 2, the current supplying means 3, the contact A of the switch 6, the contact 7, and the battery 9, and the charging current discharged from the battery 9 is
Further, it reaches the negative electrode D of the voltage supply means 1 via the contact 8.
【００２６】一方、電池電圧測定手段４により測定され
る電池電圧は、制御手段５に入力され、制御手段５は、
電流供給手段３、及び電圧供給手段１に対して以下の制
御を行う。On the other hand, the battery voltage measured by the battery voltage measuring means 4 is input to the control means 5, and the control means 5
The following control is performed on the current supply means 3 and the voltage supply means 1.
【００２７】即ち、制御手段５には、第１の基準値とし
て３．０Ｖの値、第２の基準値として４．０Ｖの値が設
定されており、該制御手段５は、電池電圧が３．０Ｖ以
下である場合には、電流供給手段３が第１の所定値であ
る５０ｍＡ以下の充電電流、特に好ましくは、２５ｍＡ
のコンスタントな充電電力を出力するような制御を行
い、電池電圧が３．０Ｖ〜４．０Ｖである場合には、電
流供給手段が第２の所定値である２００ｍＡ以上の充電
電流、特に好ましくは、２５０ｍＡのコンスタントな充
電電流を出力するよう制御を行う。That is, the control means 5 is set with a value of 3.0 V as the first reference value and a value of 4.0 V as the second reference value, and the control means 5 has a battery voltage of 3 V. When the voltage is 0.0 V or less, the current supply means 3 charges the charging current to the first predetermined value of 50 mA or less, particularly preferably 25 mA.
When the battery voltage is 3.0 V to 4.0 V, the current supply means controls the charging current to be 200 mA or more, which is the second predetermined value, particularly preferably. , 250 mA is output so as to output a constant charging current.
【００２８】また、特に好ましい実施態様では、上記制
御手段５は、電池電圧が４．０Ｖ以上である場合には、
電流供給手段３が第３の所定値である５０ｍＡ以下の充
電電流、特に好ましくは、２５ｍＡのコンスタントな充
電電流を出力するよう制御を行う。その後、かかる制御
状態での充電を継続することにより、電池電圧が４．２
Ｖの満充電の常態となった時点で、制御手段５は、充電
電流供給手段３からの充電電流の出力を停止して充電プ
ロセスを完了する。Further, in a particularly preferred embodiment, the control means 5 is arranged so that when the battery voltage is 4.0 V or more,
The current supply means 3 controls to output a charging current of 50 mA or less, which is a third predetermined value, and particularly preferably a constant charging current of 25 mA. After that, by continuing the charging in such a control state, the battery voltage becomes 4.2.
When the normal state of full charge of V is reached, the control means 5 stops the output of the charging current from the charging current supply means 3 and completes the charging process.
【００２９】そして制御手段５は同時に、上記充電プロ
セス中、一貫して電圧供給手段の充電電圧を、電池の定
格電圧の１２０〜１４０％程度の範囲、例えば、４．７
Ｖの一定値に維持するような制御を行う。At the same time, the control means 5 makes the charging voltage of the voltage supply means consistently during the charging process in the range of 120 to 140% of the rated voltage of the battery, for example 4.7.
Control is performed so that V is maintained at a constant value.
【００３０】上述の充電プロセスにおける、電池電圧Ｖ
１と充電電流Ｉの関係を図２に、電池電圧Ｖ１と充電電
圧Ｖ２との関係を図３に示す。Battery voltage V in the above charging process
2 shows the relationship between 1 and the charging current I, and FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the battery voltage V1 and the charging voltage V2.
【００３１】図２、３から明らかなように、充電電圧と
電池電圧の差が比較的大きい領域で示される第１段階
においては、充電電流が５０ｍＡ以下の値、特に、２５
ｍＡの一定値に保持されているために、発熱などに基づ
く充電容量や充電効率の低下が効果的に抑制され、ま
た、充電電圧が２００ｍＡ以上、特に、２５０ｍＡの一
定値に保持される領域で示される第２段階において
は、充電電圧と電池電圧の差が比較的小さくなっている
ために高速充電が実現され、更に、電池電圧が満充電に
接近した値となる領域で示される第３段階において
は、充電電流が５０ｍＡ以下の値、特に、２５ｍＡの一
定値に保持されているために、安定した満充電の常態に
て充電を完了することができる。As is apparent from FIGS. 2 and 3, in the first stage where the difference between the charging voltage and the battery voltage is relatively large, the charging current is a value of 50 mA or less, particularly, 25.
Since it is held at a constant value of mA, reduction in charging capacity and charging efficiency due to heat generation is effectively suppressed, and in a region where the charging voltage is held at a constant value of 200 mA or more, particularly 250 mA. In the second step shown, the difference between the charging voltage and the battery voltage is relatively small, so that high-speed charging is realized, and further, the third step shown in the region where the battery voltage is close to full charge. In the above, since the charging current is maintained at a value of 50 mA or less, particularly a constant value of 25 mA, the charging can be completed in a stable full-charge normal state.
【００３２】一方、高速充電モードにおいては、電圧供
給手段１の正極Ｃからスイッチ６の接点Ｂ、接点７、電
池９に至る経路を経て充電電流が電池９に供給され、電
池９から出た電流は、更に接点８を経て電圧供給手段１
の負極Ｄに至る。On the other hand, in the fast charging mode, the charging current is supplied to the battery 9 through the path from the positive electrode C of the voltage supply means 1 to the contact B of the switch 6, the contact 7 and the battery 9, and the current output from the battery 9 is discharged. Is further connected to the voltage supply means 1 via the contact 8.
To the negative electrode D.
【００３３】また、電池電圧測定手段４により測定され
る電池電圧は、制御手段５に入力され、制御手段５は、
電圧供給手段１に対して以下の制御を行う。The battery voltage measured by the battery voltage measuring means 4 is input to the control means 5, and the control means 5
The following control is performed on the voltage supply means 1.
【００３４】即ち、制御手段５には、基準値として２．
２Ｖの値値が設定されており、該制御手段５は、電池電
圧が２．２Ｖ未満の場合には、充電電圧（端子Ｃ−Ｄ間
の電圧）と電池電圧の差を、２．２〜２．６Ｖ程度の一
定の値、特に好ましくは、２．５Ｖに保持するととも
に、充電電流を例えば５００ｍＡの一定の値に保持する
ように、電圧供給手段１の制御を行う。That is, the control means 5 has a reference value of 2.
When the battery voltage is less than 2.2V, the control means 5 sets the difference between the charging voltage (voltage between terminals C and D) and the battery voltage to 2.2 to 2V. The voltage supply means 1 is controlled to maintain a constant value of about 2.6 V, particularly preferably 2.5 V, and to maintain the charging current at a constant value of, for example, 500 mA.
【００３５】更に、より好ましい実施態様において、電
池電圧測定手段４からの入力を受けた制御手段５は、電
池電圧が規定値である２．２Ｖ以上の場合には、充電電
圧と電池電圧の差、及び充電電流が、電池電圧の上昇に
伴って漸減するように、電圧供給手段１の制御を行う。Furthermore, in a more preferred embodiment, the control means 5 which receives the input from the battery voltage measuring means 4 determines the difference between the charging voltage and the battery voltage when the battery voltage is equal to or higher than the specified value of 2.2V. , And the charging current are controlled so that the charging current gradually decreases as the battery voltage increases.
【００３６】この場合の、電池電圧Ｖ１と充電電流Ｉの
関係を図４に、電池電圧Ｖ１と充電電圧Ｖ２との関係を
図５に示す。The relationship between the battery voltage V1 and the charging current I in this case is shown in FIG. 4, and the relationship between the battery voltage V1 and the charging voltage V2 is shown in FIG.
【００３７】図４、５に示されるように、電池電圧が基
準値以下である領域においては、高い充電電流による
充電が行われることにより充電の高速化が図られる一
方、充電電圧と電池電圧の差が２．３〜２．６Ｖの値、
特に好ましくは２．５Ｖの一定値に保持されるため、充
電容量や充電効率の低下を抑制することが可能であり、
電池電圧が基準値以上である領域においては、電池電
圧の上昇に伴って、電池電圧と充電電圧の差、及び充電
電流がともに漸減しつつ充電が行われるために、良好な
満充電の常態で充電を完了することができる。As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, in the region where the battery voltage is equal to or lower than the reference value, the charging is speeded up by charging with a high charging current, while the charging voltage and the battery voltage are increased. The difference is a value of 2.3 to 2.6V,
Since it is particularly preferably maintained at a constant value of 2.5 V, it is possible to suppress a decrease in charging capacity and charging efficiency.
In a region where the battery voltage is equal to or higher than the reference value, as the battery voltage rises, the difference between the battery voltage and the charging voltage, and the charging current are gradually reduced while charging is performed. Charging can be completed.
【００３８】なお、上記した実施形態では、高速充電モ
ードと通常充電モードの双方を実現で、スイッチ６の切
り替えにより両モードでの充電を選択的に実施できる構
成を例にとり説明したが、両モードをそれぞれ別体の構
成として充電装置を構成し、充電方法を実現できること
は上記説明から明らかであり、このような別体として構
成される充電装置、およびこれにより実現される充電方
法はともに本発明の範囲に含まれるものである。また、
上記した実施形態では、制御手段５を電圧供給手段１、
電流供給手段３とは別体として設けた場合につき説明し
たが、制御手段５の機能を電圧供給手段１、または電流
供給手段３に組み込んで電圧供給手段１、電流供給手段
３を構成することもできる。In the above-described embodiment, both the fast charging mode and the normal charging mode are realized, and the configuration in which the charging in both modes can be selectively performed by switching the switch 6 has been described as an example. It is clear from the above description that the charging method can be realized by configuring the charging device as a separate structure, respectively, and the charging device configured as such a separate device and the charging method realized thereby are both the present invention. It is included in the range of. Also,
In the above embodiment, the control means 5 is replaced by the voltage supply means 1,
Although the case where the control unit 5 is provided separately from the current supply unit 3 has been described, the voltage supply unit 1 or the current supply unit 3 may be configured by incorporating the function of the control unit 5 into the voltage supply unit 1 or the current supply unit 3. it can.
【００３９】図６は、本発明の充電装置の他の実施形態
として、家庭用電源などの８５〜２６５ＶのＡＣ入力１
１、車載用電源などの１２Ｖあるいは２４ＶのＤＣ入力
２０、乾電池などの３ＶのＤＣ入力２４の３種類の入力
を選択的に使用して二次電池３０の充電を行うことが可
能な充電装置４０をブロック図の形式で示している。FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of the charging device of the present invention, which is an AC input 1 of 85 to 265V such as a household power source.
1. A charging device 40 capable of charging the secondary battery 30 by selectively using three types of inputs, a DC input 20 of 12V or 24V such as a vehicle-mounted power source, and a DC input 24 of 3V such as a dry battery. In the form of a block diagram.
【００４０】図６において、１１は例えば家庭用電源が
想定される８５〜２６５ＶのＡＣ入力、１２はＡＣライ
ンフィルタ、１３は整流平滑回路、１４はスナバ回路、
１５はメインスイッチング回路、１６はトランス、１７
は逆流防止用ダイオード、１８はフォトカプラ、１９は
電圧検出回路、２０は例えば車載電源が想定される８〜
３０ＶのＤＣ入力、２１は逆流防止用ダイオード、２２
は二次整流平滑回路、２３はチョッパー回路、２４は例
えば乾電池やバッテリーなどが想定される１．５Ｖ〜５
ＶのＤＣ入力、２５は昇圧回路、２６、２７は負荷部品
を構成するダイオード、２８は電流供給手段、２９は充
電モード切り替えスイッチ、３０は二次電池である（な
お、電池電圧測定手段、及び制御手段は、簡略のため図
示を省略した）。In FIG. 6, 11 is an AC input of 85 to 265 V, which is assumed to be a household power supply, 12 is an AC line filter, 13 is a rectifying / smoothing circuit, 14 is a snubber circuit,
15 is a main switching circuit, 16 is a transformer, 17
Is a reverse current prevention diode, 18 is a photocoupler, 19 is a voltage detection circuit, and 20 is a vehicle-mounted power supply, for example.
30V DC input, 21 is a backflow prevention diode, 22
Is a secondary rectifying / smoothing circuit, 23 is a chopper circuit, and 24 is, for example, 1.5 V to 5 which is assumed to be a dry cell or a battery.
DC input of V, 25 is a booster circuit, 26 and 27 are diodes constituting load components, 28 is a current supply means, 29 is a charging mode changeover switch, and 30 is a secondary battery (note that the battery voltage measuring means, and The control means is omitted for simplification).
【００４１】本実施形態においては、１１〜１９、２
２、２３の回路により構成される要素、２０〜２３の回
路により構成される要素、２４、１５の回路により構成
される要素のそれぞれが、本発明における電圧供給手段
として動作することができ、これら３種の要素の何れか
を選択的に電圧供給手段として使用して、前記した実施
形態と同様の動作により、本発明の充電方法を実施する
ことができるよう構成されている。In this embodiment, 11 to 19 and 2
Each of the elements composed of the circuits 2 and 23, the elements composed of the circuits 20 to 23, and the elements composed of the circuits 24 and 15 can operate as the voltage supply means in the present invention. It is configured such that any one of the three types of elements can be selectively used as the voltage supply means and the charging method of the present invention can be carried out by the same operation as that of the above-described embodiment.
【００４２】[0042]
【発明の効果】以上から明らかな通り、本発明により、
高速での充電が可能であり、高い充電効率が得られ、充
電サイクルを経ることによる充電容量の低下を抑制でき
る充電方法、及び充電装置が提供される。As is apparent from the above, according to the present invention,
(EN) A charging method and a charging device capable of performing high-speed charging, obtaining high charging efficiency, and suppressing a decrease in charging capacity due to a charging cycle.
【図１】本発明の充電装置の一実施形態を示すブロック
図。FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a charging device of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の充電方法（通常充電）における電池電
圧と充電電流の関係を示す図。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a relationship between a battery voltage and a charging current in the charging method (normal charging) of the present invention.
【図３】本発明の充電方法（通常充電）における電池電
圧と充電電圧の関係を示す図。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a relationship between a battery voltage and a charging voltage in the charging method (normal charging) of the present invention.
【図４】本発明の充電方法（急速充電）における電池電
圧と充電電流の関係を示す図。FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a relationship between a battery voltage and a charging current in the charging method (quick charging) of the present invention.
【図５】本発明の充電方法（急速）における電池電圧と
充電電圧の関係を示す図。FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a relationship between a battery voltage and a charging voltage in the charging method (rapid) of the present invention.
【図６】本発明の充電装置の他の実施形態を示すブロッ
ク図。FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the charging device of the present invention.
１ 電圧供給手段 ２ 負荷部品 ３ 電流供給手段 ４ 電池電圧測定手段 ５ 制御手段 ６ スイッチ ７、８ 接点 １０ 充電装置 １１ ＡＣ入力 １２ ＡＣラインフィルタ １３ 整流平滑回路 １４ スナバ回路 １５ メインスイッチング回路 １６ トランス １７ 整流用ダイオード １８ フォトカプラ １９ 電圧検出回路 ２０ ＤＣ入力 ２１ 逆流防止用ダイオード ２２ 二次整流平滑回路 ２３ チョッパー回路 ２４ ＤＣ入力 ２５ 昇圧回路 ２６、２７ 逆流防止用ダイオード ２８ 電流制御回路 ２９ 充電モード切り替えスイッチ ３０ 電池 1 Voltage supply means 2 load parts 3 Current supply means 4 Battery voltage measuring means 5 Control means 6 switch 7, 8 contacts 10 Charger 11 AC input 12 AC line filter 13 Rectification smoothing circuit 14 snubber circuit 15 Main switching circuit 16 transformers 17 Rectifying diode 18 Photocoupler 19 Voltage detection circuit 20 DC input 21 Backflow prevention diode 22 Secondary rectification smoothing circuit 23 Chopper circuit 24 DC input 25 Booster circuit 26, 27 Backflow prevention diode 28 Current control circuit 29 Charge mode selector switch 30 batteries
Claims (8)
が直列に接続され、電池の正負電極間の電池電圧に基づ
いて前記電流供給手段から電池に印加される充電電流を
制御する充電方法であって、充電電流が第１の所定値以
下に保持され、電池電圧が第１の基準値以下である第１
のステップと、充電電流が第２の所定値以上に保持さ
れ、電池電圧が第１の基準値以上である第２のステップ
を有し、前記第２の所定値は前記第１の所定値の少なく
とも４倍であることを特徴とする電池の充電方法。1. A charging method in which a battery and a current supply unit are connected in series to a voltage supply unit, and a charging current applied to the battery from the current supply unit is controlled based on a battery voltage between positive and negative electrodes of the battery. The charging current is maintained below a first predetermined value and the battery voltage is below a first reference value.
And a second step in which the charging current is maintained at a second predetermined value or more and the battery voltage is at least a first reference value, and the second predetermined value is equal to or more than the first predetermined value. A method for charging a battery, which is at least four times larger.
が直列に接続され、電池の正負電極間の電池電圧に基づ
いて前記電流供給手段から電池に印加される充電電流を
制御する充電方法であって、充電電流が第１の所定値以
下に保持され、電池電圧が第１の基準値以下である第１
のステップと、充電電流が第２の所定値以下に保持さ
れ、電池電圧が第１の基準値以上である第２のステップ
と、充電電流が第３の所定値以下に保持され、電池電圧
が第２の基準値以上である第３のステップを有し、前記
第２の基準値は前記第１の基準値より高く設定され、前
記第２の所定値は前記第１、第３の所定値の少なくとも
４倍であることを特徴とする電池の充電方法。2. A charging method in which a battery and a current supply unit are connected in series to a voltage supply unit and the charging current applied from the current supply unit to the battery is controlled based on the battery voltage between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery. The charging current is maintained below a first predetermined value and the battery voltage is below a first reference value.
And a second step in which the charging current is maintained at a second predetermined value or less and the battery voltage is at least a first reference value, and the charging current is maintained at a third predetermined value or less and the battery voltage is A third step of being not less than a second reference value, the second reference value being set higher than the first reference value, and the second predetermined value being the first and third predetermined values. The battery charging method is characterized in that it is at least four times as high as
池電圧を測定する電池電圧測定手段と、前記電池電圧測
定手段により測定される電池電圧に基づいて前記電流供
給手段が出力する充電電流を制御する制御手段と、電池
の正負端子に接続するための接続端子とを備え、前記接
続端子の少なくとも一方は前記電流供給手段を介して電
圧供給手段に接続され、前記電流供給手段は、前記電池
電圧が第１の基準値以下の場合には第１の所定値以下の
充電電流を出力し、前記電池電圧が第１の基準値以上の
場合には第２の所定値以上の充電電流を出力するよう制
御される充電装置であって、前記第２の所定値は前記第
１の所定値の少なくとも４倍であることを特徴とする充
電装置。3. A current supply means, a battery voltage measurement means for measuring a battery voltage between positive and negative electrodes of the battery, and a charging current output by the current supply means based on the battery voltage measured by the battery voltage measurement means. And a connection terminal for connecting to the positive and negative terminals of the battery, at least one of the connection terminals is connected to the voltage supply means via the current supply means, the current supply means, When the battery voltage is equal to or lower than the first reference value, a charging current equal to or lower than a first predetermined value is output, and when the battery voltage is equal to or higher than the first reference value, a charging current equal to or higher than a second predetermined value is output. A charging device controlled to output, wherein the second predetermined value is at least four times the first predetermined value.
池電圧を測定する電池電圧測定手段と、前記電池電圧測
定手段により測定される電池電圧に基づいて前記電流供
給手段が出力する充電電流を制御する制御手段と、電池
の正負端子に接続するための接続端子とを備え、前記接
続端子の少なくとも一方は前記電流供給手段を介して電
圧供給手段に接続され、前記電流供給手段は、前記電池
電圧が第１の基準値以下の場合には第１の所定値以下の
充電電流を出力し、前記電池電圧が第１の基準値以上で
あり、かつ第２の基準値以下の場合には第２の所定値以
上の充電電流を出力し、前記電池電圧が前記第１の基準
値よりも高い第２の基準値以上の場合には第３の所定値
以下の充電電流を出力するよう制御される充電装置であ
って、前記第２の基準値は前記第１の基準値より高く設
定され、前記第２の所定値は前記第１、第３の所定値の
少なくとも４倍であることを特徴とする充電装置。4. A current supplying means, a battery voltage measuring means for measuring a battery voltage between positive and negative electrodes of the battery, and a charging current output by the current supplying means based on the battery voltage measured by the battery voltage measuring means. And a connection terminal for connecting to the positive and negative terminals of the battery, at least one of the connection terminals is connected to the voltage supply means via the current supply means, the current supply means, When the battery voltage is less than or equal to the first reference value, a charging current less than or equal to a first predetermined value is output, and when the battery voltage is greater than or equal to the first reference value and less than or equal to the second reference value. Control so as to output a charging current equal to or higher than a second predetermined value, and to output a charging current equal to or lower than a third predetermined value when the battery voltage is equal to or higher than a second reference value that is higher than the first reference value. The charging device, wherein the second group The reference value is set higher than the first reference value, and the second predetermined value is at least four times as large as the first and third predetermined values.
列に接続して行う電池の充電方法であって、電池電圧が
規定値未満の場合には前記電圧供給手段から出力される
充電電圧と電池電圧との差を一定に保持するとともに、
充電電流を一定に保持しつつ充電を行うことを特徴とす
る電池の充電方法。5. A method of charging a battery by connecting a battery and a load component in series to the voltage supplying means, wherein the charging voltage and the battery output from the voltage supplying means when the battery voltage is less than a specified value. While keeping the difference with the voltage constant,
A method of charging a battery, characterized in that charging is performed while maintaining a constant charging current.
列に接続して行う電池の充電方法であって、電池電圧が
規定値未満の場合には前記電圧供給手段から出力される
充電電圧と電池電圧との差を一定に保持するとともに、
充電電流を一定に保持しつつ充電を行い、電池電圧が規
定値以上の場合には前記充電電圧と電池電圧、及び充電
電流を電池電圧の上昇に伴って漸減させつつ充電を行う
ことを特徴とする電池の充電方法。6. A method of charging a battery by connecting a battery and a load component in series to the voltage supply means, wherein the charging voltage and the battery output from the voltage supply means when the battery voltage is less than a specified value. While keeping the difference with the voltage constant,
Charging is performed while holding the charging current constant, and when the battery voltage is equal to or higher than a specified value, the charging voltage and the battery voltage, and the charging current is gradually reduced as the battery voltage rises. How to charge the battery.
電池電圧測定手段と、該電池電圧測定手段により測定さ
れる電池電圧が規定値以下の場合には、充電電圧と電池
電圧との差を一定に保持するとともに充電電流を一定に
保持する電圧供給手段と、電池の正負端子に接続するた
めの接続端子と、負荷部品を備え、前記接続端子の少な
くとも一方は、前記電圧供給手段の少なくとも一方の出
力に前記負荷部品を介して接続されていることを特徴と
する充電装置。7. A battery voltage measuring means for measuring a battery voltage between positive and negative electrodes of the battery, and a difference between the charging voltage and the battery voltage when the battery voltage measured by the battery voltage measuring means is a specified value or less. Voltage supply means for holding the charging current constant and holding the charging current constant, a connection terminal for connecting to the positive and negative terminals of the battery, and a load component, at least one of the connection terminals, at least one of the voltage supply means. A charging device, which is connected to one output via the load component.
電池電圧測定手段と、該電池電圧測定手段により測定さ
れる電池電圧が規定値以下の場合には、充電電圧と電池
電圧との差を一定に保持するとともに充電電流を一定に
保持し、前記電池電圧が規定値以上の場合には、充電電
圧と電池電圧の差、及び充電電流を電池電圧の上昇に伴
って漸減させる電圧供給手段と、電池の正負端子に接続
するための接続端子と、負荷部品を備え、前記接続端子
の少なくとも一方は、前記電圧供給手段の少なくとも一
方の出力に前記負荷部品を介して接続されていることを
特徴とする充電装置。8. A battery voltage measuring means for measuring a battery voltage between positive and negative electrodes of the battery, and a difference between the charging voltage and the battery voltage when the battery voltage measured by the battery voltage measuring means is a specified value or less. Voltage supply means for holding the charging current constant and holding the charging current constant and gradually decreasing the charging current and the difference between the charging voltage and the battery voltage when the battery voltage is equal to or higher than a specified value. And a connection terminal for connecting to the positive and negative terminals of the battery, and a load component, and at least one of the connection terminals is connected to the output of at least one of the voltage supply means via the load component. Characteristic charging device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001364618A JP2003169424A (en) | 2001-11-29 | 2001-11-29 | Secondary battery charging method and charging device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001364618A JP2003169424A (en) | 2001-11-29 | 2001-11-29 | Secondary battery charging method and charging device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2003169424A true JP2003169424A (en) | 2003-06-13 |
Family
ID=19174774
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001364618A Pending JP2003169424A (en) | 2001-11-29 | 2001-11-29 | Secondary battery charging method and charging device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2003169424A (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1750346A3 (en) * | 2005-08-05 | 2007-10-24 | Fujitsu Ten Limited | Engine control apparatus, control method and control system |
| JP2007312476A (en) * | 2006-05-17 | 2007-11-29 | Kyocera Corp | Charging apparatus and charging method |
| JP2009543531A (en) * | 2006-06-28 | 2009-12-03 | ボストン−パワー，インコーポレイテッド | Electronic devices that can be charged at multiple charging speeds |
| US8483886B2 (en) | 2009-09-01 | 2013-07-09 | Boston-Power, Inc. | Large scale battery systems and method of assembly |
| JP2016077050A (en) * | 2014-10-03 | 2016-05-12 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Charging circuit, and emergency lamp lighting device |
| JP2019033663A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2019-02-28 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Illumination device |
-
2001
- 2001-11-29 JP JP2001364618A patent/JP2003169424A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1750346A3 (en) * | 2005-08-05 | 2007-10-24 | Fujitsu Ten Limited | Engine control apparatus, control method and control system |
| US7533746B2 (en) | 2005-08-05 | 2009-05-19 | Fujitsu Ten Limited | Engine control apparatus, control method and control system |
| CN1908407B (en) * | 2005-08-05 | 2010-04-21 | 富士通天株式会社 | Engine control apparatus and control method |
| JP2007312476A (en) * | 2006-05-17 | 2007-11-29 | Kyocera Corp | Charging apparatus and charging method |
| JP2009543531A (en) * | 2006-06-28 | 2009-12-03 | ボストン−パワー，インコーポレイテッド | Electronic devices that can be charged at multiple charging speeds |
| US8483886B2 (en) | 2009-09-01 | 2013-07-09 | Boston-Power, Inc. | Large scale battery systems and method of assembly |
| JP2016077050A (en) * | 2014-10-03 | 2016-05-12 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Charging circuit, and emergency lamp lighting device |
| JP2019033663A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2019-02-28 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Illumination device |
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