JP2011003493A - Water treatment device of fuel cell - Google Patents

Water treatment device of fuel cell Download PDF

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JP2011003493A
JP2011003493A JP2009147490A JP2009147490A JP2011003493A JP 2011003493 A JP2011003493 A JP 2011003493A JP 2009147490 A JP2009147490 A JP 2009147490A JP 2009147490 A JP2009147490 A JP 2009147490A JP 2011003493 A JP2011003493 A JP 2011003493A
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exchange resin
water
anion exchange
fuel cell
treated
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JP5478953B2 (en
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Yoshikazu Ito
美和 伊藤
Taro Oe
太郎 大江
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Organo Corp
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Japan Organo Co Ltd
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Priority to CN2010101876043A priority patent/CN101921010B/en
Priority to CN201310019704.9A priority patent/CN103130302B/en
Priority to CN201310019751.3A priority patent/CN103130303B/en
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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  • Treatment Of Water By Ion Exchange (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water treatment device for a fuel cell, which has heat resistance and is capable of miniaturization and is manufactured at low cost.SOLUTION: The water treatment device of the fuel cell uses an ion exchange resin, wherein the ion exchange resin contains an anion exchange resin, and the anion exchange resin of an initial state is converted into a carbonic acid type by passing through a carbonate.

Description

本発明は、イオン交換樹脂を用いた燃料電池の水処理装置の技術に関する。   The present invention relates to a technology of a water treatment device for a fuel cell using an ion exchange resin.

燃料電池には、水素が必要であり、都市ガスや天然ガス等から水素を製造するためには、その改質工程において水が必要であり、純水が利用される。また、燃料電池の冷却や、固体高分子型燃料電池の高分子膜の加湿等にも純水が利用されている。   A fuel cell requires hydrogen, and in order to produce hydrogen from city gas, natural gas, or the like, water is required in the reforming process, and pure water is used. Pure water is also used for cooling the fuel cell and humidifying the polymer membrane of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell.

純水は、通常イオン交換樹脂を備える水処理装置を利用して不純物イオンを除去することにより製造される。水道水からの純水製造の他、燃料電池の発電反応により生じる凝縮水等を処理し、該処理水(純水)を燃料電池に循環する技術が種々提案されている。   Pure water is usually produced by removing impurity ions using a water treatment apparatus equipped with an ion exchange resin. In addition to the production of pure water from tap water, various techniques for treating condensed water generated by the power generation reaction of the fuel cell and circulating the treated water (pure water) to the fuel cell have been proposed.

例えば、特許文献1には、耐熱性の高いイオン交換樹脂を用いることにより、排熱回収量を高めた水処理装置が提案されている。   For example, Patent Document 1 proposes a water treatment device that uses a highly heat-resistant ion exchange resin to increase the amount of exhaust heat recovery.

また、例えば、特許文献2には、燃料電池に供給する冷却水中の炭酸イオン及び炭酸水素イオン(以下、炭酸イオン等または単に炭酸という)を処理する水処理装置において、陰イオン交換樹脂、陽イオン交換樹脂の使用比率を適切にすることで、陽イオン交換樹脂量を減らし、装置を小型化する技術が開示されている。   Further, for example, Patent Document 2 discloses an anion exchange resin, a cation in a water treatment apparatus for treating carbonate ions and hydrogen carbonate ions (hereinafter referred to as carbonate ions or simply carbonate) in cooling water supplied to a fuel cell. A technique for reducing the amount of the cation exchange resin and reducing the size of the apparatus by appropriately using the exchange resin is disclosed.

特開平11−204123号公報JP-A-11-204123 特開平8−17457号公報JP-A-8-17457

しかし、特許文献1では、耐熱性の高いイオン交換樹脂として、複数個の炭化水素基を有する陰イオン交換樹脂が一例として提示されているが、そのような陰イオン交換樹脂は流通量が少なく、一般的に高価である。   However, in Patent Document 1, as an ion exchange resin having high heat resistance, an anion exchange resin having a plurality of hydrocarbon groups is presented as an example, but such an anion exchange resin has a small circulation amount, Generally expensive.

また、特許文献2では、陽イオン交換樹脂の量を最適化することで、装置の小型化が試みられているが、陰イオン交換樹脂についての検討はなされていない。   Moreover, in patent document 2, although the size reduction of an apparatus is tried by optimizing the quantity of cation exchange resin, examination about anion exchange resin is not made | formed.

本発明の目的は、耐熱性を有し、且つ安価で小型化が可能な燃料電池用の水処理装置を提供することにある。   The objective of this invention is providing the water treatment apparatus for fuel cells which has heat resistance, and is cheap and can be reduced in size.

本発明は、イオン交換樹脂を用いた燃料電池の水処理装置であって、前記イオン交換樹脂は陰イオン交換樹脂を含み、初期状態の前記陰イオン交換樹脂は、炭酸塩を通液することで炭酸型に変換したものである。   The present invention is a water treatment apparatus for a fuel cell using an ion exchange resin, wherein the ion exchange resin includes an anion exchange resin, and the anion exchange resin in an initial state passes through a carbonate. It is converted to the carbonate type.

また、前記燃料電池の水処理装置において、前記初期状態の陰イオン交換樹脂の全交換容量のうち、70〜100%が炭酸型であることが好ましい。   In the water treatment apparatus for a fuel cell, it is preferable that 70 to 100% of the total exchange capacity of the anion exchange resin in the initial state is a carbonate type.

また、前記燃料電池の水処理装置において、前記陰イオン交換樹脂は強塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂であることが好ましい。   In the water treatment apparatus for a fuel cell, the anion exchange resin is preferably a strongly basic anion exchange resin.

また、前記燃料電池の水処理装置において、前記陰イオン交換樹脂へ通水する被処理水には、燃料電池の発電反応により生じる凝縮水が含まれ、前記被処理水は前記陰イオン交換樹脂により処理された後、前記燃料電池に再利用されることが好ましい。   Further, in the water treatment apparatus for a fuel cell, the treated water that passes through the anion exchange resin includes condensed water generated by a power generation reaction of the fuel cell, and the treated water is obtained by the anion exchange resin. After being processed, it is preferably reused in the fuel cell.

本発明によれば、耐熱性を有し、且つ安価で小型化が可能な燃料電池用の水処理装置を提供することができる。   ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, it can provide the water treatment apparatus for fuel cells which has heat resistance, and is cheap and can be reduced in size.

本実施形態に係る燃料電池の水処理装置の構成の一例を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of a structure of the water treatment apparatus of the fuel cell which concerns on this embodiment. 被処理水中の種々のCO濃度におけるRClとCClとの関係を示す図である。It is a diagram showing a relationship between R Cl and C Cl at various CO 2 concentration in the water to be treated. 被処理水中の種々のCO濃度におけるRClとCClとの関係を示す図である。It is a diagram showing a relationship between R Cl and C Cl at various CO 2 concentration in the water to be treated.

本発明の実施の形態について以下説明する。本実施形態は本発明を実施する一例であって、本発明は本実施形態に限定されるものではない。   Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. This embodiment is an example for carrying out the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to this embodiment.

図1は、本実施形態に係る燃料電池の水処理装置の構成の一例を示す模式図である。図1に示す燃料電池の水処理装置10には、イオン交換樹脂が充填されたカートリッジが備えられている。カートリッジは1つ又は複数であってもよい。カートリッジに充填されるイオン交換樹脂は、陰イオン交換樹脂、又は陰イオン交換樹脂と陽イオン交換樹脂との混床樹脂等である。なお、燃料電池の水処理装置10は、イオン交換樹脂が充填されたカートリッジに加え、活性炭等を充填したカートリッジを付加しても良い。   FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of a water treatment apparatus for a fuel cell according to the present embodiment. The fuel cell water treatment device 10 shown in FIG. 1 includes a cartridge filled with an ion exchange resin. There may be one or more cartridges. The ion exchange resin filled in the cartridge is an anion exchange resin or a mixed bed resin of an anion exchange resin and a cation exchange resin. In addition, the water treatment apparatus 10 of the fuel cell may add a cartridge filled with activated carbon or the like in addition to the cartridge filled with the ion exchange resin.

本実施形態に係る燃料電池の水処理装置10は、主に、燃料電池12に供給する水中の不純物イオンの除去を行うものである。燃料電池の水処理装置10により処理される水としては、水道水(市水)、純水、燃料電池12の発電反応により生じる凝縮水等が挙げられる。   The fuel cell water treatment device 10 according to the present embodiment mainly removes impurity ions in water supplied to the fuel cell 12. Examples of water to be treated by the fuel cell water treatment apparatus 10 include tap water (city water), pure water, and condensed water generated by the power generation reaction of the fuel cell 12.

水道水等の市水は、被処理水ライン14から燃料電池の水処理装置10に供給される。また、燃料電池12から排出される凝縮水は、例えば、一旦凝縮水タンク16に貯留され、ポンプ18により、凝縮水ライン20から燃料電池の水処理装置10に供給される。そして、燃料電池の水処理装置10により、水中の不純物イオンが除去される。   City water such as tap water is supplied to the water treatment device 10 of the fuel cell from the treated water line 14. Further, the condensed water discharged from the fuel cell 12 is temporarily stored in, for example, the condensed water tank 16 and is supplied from the condensed water line 20 to the water treatment device 10 of the fuel cell by the pump 18. And the impurity ion in water is removed by the water treatment apparatus 10 of a fuel cell.

燃料電池の水処理装置には、耐熱性、小型化の要求がある。例えば、特開平11−204123号公報には、耐熱性を向上させるために、複数個の炭化水素基を有する陰イオン交換樹脂を用いる例が開示されており、また、例えば、特開平8−17457号公報には、装置を小型化するために、混床カートリッジに充填される陽イオン交換樹脂の量を最適化する例が開示されている。   There is a demand for heat resistance and miniaturization of a water treatment device for a fuel cell. For example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-204123 discloses an example in which an anion exchange resin having a plurality of hydrocarbon groups is used in order to improve heat resistance. The publication discloses an example of optimizing the amount of cation exchange resin filled in the mixed bed cartridge in order to reduce the size of the apparatus.

そこで、本実施形態では、重炭酸アンモニウム等の炭酸塩を陰イオン交換樹脂に通液し、炭酸型に変換したものを初期状態の陰イオン交換樹脂として用いることにより、耐熱性の向上、小型化を可能としている。炭酸型の陰イオン交換樹脂は、OH型等の陰イオン交換樹脂と比較して、同じ交換容量でも樹脂体積が小さい。すなわち、OH型の陰イオン交換樹脂を炭酸型に置換することで樹脂体積が小さくなる。このため、装置の小型化が可能となる。また、炭酸型の陰イオン交換樹脂は、OH型等の陰イオン交換樹脂と比較して、耐熱性も高い。そのため、燃料電池等の凝縮水等、比較的温度の高い被処理水(例えば、40〜80℃)を処理しても、熱によるイオン交換樹脂の分解が抑制され、処理水中にTOCが溶出することを抑制することができる。   Therefore, in the present embodiment, carbonates such as ammonium bicarbonate are passed through an anion exchange resin and converted to a carbonate type to use as an anion exchange resin in the initial state, thereby improving heat resistance and downsizing. Is possible. The carbonate type anion exchange resin has a small resin volume even with the same exchange capacity as compared with the anion exchange resin such as OH type. That is, the resin volume is reduced by replacing the OH type anion exchange resin with the carbonic acid type. For this reason, the apparatus can be miniaturized. Carbonic acid type anion exchange resins have higher heat resistance than OH type anion exchange resins. Therefore, even when treated water (for example, 40 to 80 ° C.) having a relatively high temperature such as condensed water of a fuel cell is treated, decomposition of the ion exchange resin due to heat is suppressed, and TOC is eluted in the treated water. This can be suppressed.

本実施形態の炭酸型陰イオン交換樹脂は、初期状態の陰イオン交換樹脂の全交換容量に占める炭酸イオンの割合が70%以上であることが好ましく、90%以上であることがより好ましく、さらに100%であることがより好ましい。ここで言う炭酸型とは、炭酸型、重炭酸型の両者を含む。炭酸型とする場合には、炭酸塩ではなく、重炭酸塩(炭酸水素塩)により置換することが好適である。これは、燃料電池の条件において、炭酸水素イオンが炭酸イオンより安定状態なためである。また、炭酸型の陰イオン交換樹脂は、不純物イオンの除去性能の点で、弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂より、強塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂であることが好ましい。   In the carbonate type anion exchange resin of the present embodiment, the proportion of carbonate ions in the total exchange capacity of the anion exchange resin in the initial state is preferably 70% or more, more preferably 90% or more, and further More preferably, it is 100%. The carbonate type mentioned here includes both carbonate type and bicarbonate type. In the case of a carbonate type, it is preferable to substitute with bicarbonate (bicarbonate) instead of carbonate. This is because bicarbonate ions are more stable than carbonate ions under the conditions of the fuel cell. Further, the carbonate type anion exchange resin is preferably a strongly basic anion exchange resin rather than a weak basic anion exchange resin in terms of impurity ion removal performance.

なお、本実施形態の炭酸型の陰イオン交換樹脂だけでは、炭酸を除去することができないため、炭酸の除去が必要な場合には、後段で脱炭酸(脱気膜や空気接触による脱炭酸塔等)を行うことが望ましい。   In addition, since the carbonic acid type anion exchange resin of this embodiment alone cannot remove carbonic acid, when carbonic acid removal is necessary, decarbonation (decarbonation tower by deaeration membrane or air contact) is performed later. Etc.) is desirable.

本実施形態において、陰イオン交換樹脂と陽イオン交換樹脂との混床樹脂が用いられる場合、陽イオン交換樹脂の平均粒径は、0.2mm以上、且つ陰イオン交換樹脂の平均粒径の80%以下であることが好ましい。上記でも説明したように、陽イオン交換樹脂と陰イオン交換樹脂とは比重が違うため(一般的に、陽イオン交換樹脂の方が陰イオン交換樹脂より比重が大きい)、上記範囲外の粒径の陽イオン交換樹脂を用いると、水処理装置の搬送、設置、運転等に伴う振動によって、両イオン交換樹脂が分離してしまい、燃料電池に供給する水中の不純物イオンを十分に除去できない。また、陽イオン交換樹脂の平均粒径が0.2mm未満では、カートリッジの圧力損失が増加するため処理コストが増大し、陰イオン交換樹脂の平均粒径の80%超であると、通水時における終末速度の差が大きくなり陽イオン交換樹脂と陰イオン交換樹脂とが分離し易くなる。   In the present embodiment, when a mixed bed resin of an anion exchange resin and a cation exchange resin is used, the average particle diameter of the cation exchange resin is 0.2 mm or more and the average particle diameter of the anion exchange resin is 80. % Or less is preferable. As explained above, cation exchange resin and anion exchange resin have different specific gravity (generally, cation exchange resin has higher specific gravity than anion exchange resin), so particle size outside the above range. When this cation exchange resin is used, both ion exchange resins are separated by vibrations associated with transportation, installation, operation, etc. of the water treatment apparatus, and impurity ions in the water supplied to the fuel cell cannot be sufficiently removed. In addition, when the average particle size of the cation exchange resin is less than 0.2 mm, the pressure loss of the cartridge increases, so that the processing cost increases. When the average particle size of the anion exchange resin exceeds 80%, Thus, the difference in the terminal speed becomes large, and the cation exchange resin and the anion exchange resin are easily separated.

本実施形態のように陽イオン交換樹脂の粒径を制御した混床樹脂を用いることにより初めて、振動による両イオン交換樹脂の分離を抑制し、安定した不純物イオンの除去が可能となる。   Only by using a mixed bed resin in which the particle size of the cation exchange resin is controlled as in this embodiment, separation of both ion exchange resins due to vibration can be suppressed, and stable impurity ions can be removed.

一方、陰イオン交換樹脂の粒径は、特に制限されるものではないが、本実施形態の混床樹脂における陰イオン交換樹脂の容積は、陽イオン交換樹脂の容積の1.5〜5倍であることが好ましい。なお、上記容積比を交換容量に換算すると、陰イオン交換樹脂の全交換容量が、陽イオン交換樹脂の全交換容量の0.85〜3倍の範囲となる。ここで、陰イオン交換樹脂の容積が、陽イオン交換樹脂の容積の1.5倍未満であると、無駄な陽イオン交換樹脂の割合が増え、水中の陰イオンを十分に除去することができない場合があり、陰イオン交換樹脂の容積が、陽イオン交換樹脂の容積の5倍超であると、陰イオン交換樹脂由来のTOC成分が溶出し、処理水中のTOCが増大する場合がある。   On the other hand, the particle size of the anion exchange resin is not particularly limited, but the volume of the anion exchange resin in the mixed bed resin of the present embodiment is 1.5 to 5 times the volume of the cation exchange resin. Preferably there is. When the volume ratio is converted into an exchange capacity, the total exchange capacity of the anion exchange resin is in a range of 0.85 to 3 times the total exchange capacity of the cation exchange resin. Here, if the volume of the anion exchange resin is less than 1.5 times the volume of the cation exchange resin, the proportion of the useless cation exchange resin increases and the anions in the water cannot be sufficiently removed. In some cases, if the volume of the anion exchange resin is more than 5 times the volume of the cation exchange resin, the TOC component derived from the anion exchange resin may be eluted and the TOC in the treated water may increase.

水中に含まれる不純物イオンとしては、例えば、炭酸イオン、炭酸水素イオン、塩化物イオン、硫酸イオン等が挙げられる。燃料電池の凝縮水には、多くの炭酸が含まれており、多量の炭酸を含む凝縮水から微量の陰イオン(塩化物イオン、硫酸イオン等)を除去することは、通常の陰イオン交換樹脂では比較的難しい。特に、塩化物イオンは、1価の陰イオンであり、硫酸イオン等の多価の陰イオンと比べ、陰イオン交換樹脂による吸着効率が悪いため、水中の塩化物イオンを低減することは難しい。   Examples of impurity ions contained in water include carbonate ions, hydrogen carbonate ions, chloride ions, and sulfate ions. Fuel cell condensate contains a lot of carbonic acid, and removing a small amount of anions (chloride ions, sulfate ions, etc.) from condensate containing a large amount of carbonic acid is a common anion exchange resin. Then it is relatively difficult. In particular, the chloride ion is a monovalent anion, and the adsorption efficiency by the anion exchange resin is poor as compared with a polyvalent anion such as sulfate ion, so it is difficult to reduce the chloride ion in water.

本実施形態では、初期状態の陰イオン交換樹脂の全交換容量に占める塩化物イオンの割合は好ましくは10%以下、より好ましくは1%以下である陰イオン交換樹脂を用いる。これにより、炭酸を多量に含む水中の塩化物イオンを効果的に低減させることが可能となる。初期状態の陰イオン交換樹脂の全交換容量に占める塩化物イオンの割合が10%を超えると、陰イオン交換樹脂は、水中に含まれる炭酸イオン等の不純物イオンを吸着する代わりに、塩化物イオンを処理水側に放出し易くなり、処理水中の塩化物イオンを効果的に低減させることが困難となる。   In the present embodiment, an anion exchange resin having a ratio of chloride ions in the total exchange capacity of the anion exchange resin in the initial state is preferably 10% or less, more preferably 1% or less. This makes it possible to effectively reduce chloride ions in water containing a large amount of carbonic acid. When the ratio of chloride ions in the total exchange capacity of the anion exchange resin in the initial state exceeds 10%, the anion exchange resin absorbs impurity ions such as carbonate ions contained in the water instead of chloride ions. Is easily released to the treated water side, and it becomes difficult to effectively reduce chloride ions in the treated water.

また、陰イオン交換樹脂がトリメチルアンモニウム基を交換基とする強塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂を含む場合、初期状態の陰イオン交換樹脂の全交換容量に占める塩化物イオンの割合が、下式(1)により求められる値以下であることが好ましい。これにより、多量の炭酸を含む処理水中において塩化物イオンを処理水側に放出する割合が低下し、処理水中の塩化物イオンをより効果的に低減させることができる。
Cl=4×CCl/CO 0.53 ・・・(1)
Cl:陰イオン交換樹脂の全交換容量(eq/L−R)に占める塩化物イオン(eq/L−R)の割合(%)
Cl:処理水中の所望塩化物イオン濃度(ppb)
CO:被処理水中に溶解している炭酸イオン、炭酸水素イオンをCOに換算したCO濃度(ppm)
When the anion exchange resin includes a strongly basic anion exchange resin having a trimethylammonium group as an exchange group, the ratio of chloride ions to the total exchange capacity of the anion exchange resin in the initial state is expressed by the following formula (1 ) Or less is preferably obtained. Thereby, the ratio which discharge | releases a chloride ion to the treated water side in the treated water containing a large amount of carbonic acid falls, and the chloride ion in treated water can be reduced more effectively.
R Cl = 4 × C Cl / CO 2 0.53 (1)
R Cl : Ratio of chloride ion (eq / LR) to the total exchange capacity (eq / LR) of the anion exchange resin (%)
C Cl : Desired chloride ion concentration in treated water (ppb)
CO 2 : CO 2 concentration (ppm) obtained by converting carbonate ions and hydrogen carbonate ions dissolved in the water to be treated into CO 2

また、陰イオン交換樹脂がジメチルエタノールアンモニウム基を交換基とする強塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂を含む場合、初期状態の前記陰イオン交換樹脂の全交換容量に占める塩化物イオンの割合が、下式(2)により求められる値以下であることが好ましい。これにより、塩化物イオンを処理水側に放出する割合が低下し、処理水中の塩化物イオンをより効果的に低減させることができる。
Cl=1.3×CCl/CO 0.45 ・・・(2)
Cl:陰イオン交換樹脂の全交換容量(eq/L−R)に占める塩化物イオン(eq/L−R)の割合(%)
Cl:処理水中の所望塩化物イオン濃度(ppb)
CO:被処理水中に溶解している炭酸をCOに換算したCO濃度(ppm)
Further, when the anion exchange resin includes a strongly basic anion exchange resin having a dimethylethanolammonium group as an exchange group, the ratio of chloride ions in the total exchange capacity of the anion exchange resin in the initial state is expressed by the following formula: It is preferable that it is below the value calculated | required by (2). Thereby, the ratio which discharge | releases a chloride ion to the treated water side falls, and the chloride ion in treated water can be reduced more effectively.
R Cl = 1.3 × C Cl / CO 2 0.45 (2)
R Cl : Ratio of chloride ion (eq / LR) to the total exchange capacity (eq / LR) of the anion exchange resin (%)
C Cl : Desired chloride ion concentration in treated water (ppb)
CO 2: CO 2 concentration of the carbon dioxide which is dissolved in the water to be treated was converted to CO 2 (ppm)

上式(1)は、被処理水中の種々のCO濃度におけるRClとCClとの関係を示す図2から算出したものである。上式(2)は、被処理水中の種々のCO濃度におけるRClとCClとの関係を示す図3から算出したものである。上式から判るように、処理水中の所望塩化物イオン濃度が小さい場合又は被処理水中に溶解しているCO濃度が大きい場合には、初期状態の前記陰イオン交換樹脂の全交換容量に占める塩化物イオンの割合を小さくする必要がある。 The above equation (1) is calculated from FIG. 2 showing the relationship between R Cl and C Cl at various CO 2 concentrations in the water to be treated. The above equation (2) is calculated from FIG. 3 showing the relationship between R Cl and C Cl at various CO 2 concentrations in the water to be treated. As can be seen from the above equation, when the desired chloride ion concentration in the treated water is small or the CO 2 concentration dissolved in the treated water is large, it accounts for the total exchange capacity of the anion exchange resin in the initial state. It is necessary to reduce the ratio of chloride ions.

本実施形態の燃料電池の水処理装置10では、上記説明した陰イオン交換樹脂への被処理水(例えば、水道水、凝縮水等)の通水を下向流で行うことが好ましい。被処理水の下向流により、カートリッジ内に充填された陰イオン交換樹脂は圧密される。その結果、被処理水は樹脂内を均一に流れ、処理性能を向上させることができる。   In the water treatment apparatus 10 of the fuel cell according to the present embodiment, it is preferable that water to be treated (for example, tap water, condensed water, etc.) is passed through the anion exchange resin described above in a downward flow. The anion exchange resin filled in the cartridge is consolidated by the downward flow of the water to be treated. As a result, the water to be treated can flow uniformly in the resin and improve the treatment performance.

以上のように、本実施形態の燃料電池の水処理装置10によって、不純物イオン、特に塩化物イオン濃度が低減された処理水(純水)は、処理水ライン22から燃料電池12に供給される。ここで、この燃料電池12は、固体酸化物型燃料電池であり、この例においては、供給される水は都市ガスなどを一酸化炭素(CO)と水素ガス(H)に改質するために利用される。 As described above, treated water (pure water) in which the concentration of impurity ions, particularly chloride ions, is reduced by the water treatment device 10 for a fuel cell according to this embodiment is supplied from the treated water line 22 to the fuel cell 12. . Here, the fuel cell 12 is a solid oxide fuel cell, and in this example, the supplied water reforms city gas or the like into carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen gas (H 2 ). Used for

本実施形態の燃料電池の水処理装置10では、固体酸化物型燃料電池から排出される凝縮水のような、多量の炭酸を含有する水であっても、該水中に存在する少量の塩化物イオンを効果的に除去することができる。したがって、固体酸化物型燃料電池の発電反応により生じる凝縮水を、本実施形態の燃料電池の水処理装置10により処理し、該処理水を固体酸化物型燃料電池に供給して再利用しても、長期的に安定した燃料電池の運転が可能である。また、凝縮水を循環利用する場合には、水道水、若しくは純水は燃料電池の運転初期の段階に供給されればよい。なお、凝縮水を循環利用する場合には、凝縮水中に含まれるガスを大気に放出した後、水処理装置10により処理して、燃料電池に供給することが好ましい。   In the water treatment apparatus 10 for a fuel cell according to the present embodiment, even if the water contains a large amount of carbonic acid, such as condensed water discharged from a solid oxide fuel cell, a small amount of chloride present in the water. Ions can be effectively removed. Therefore, the condensed water generated by the power generation reaction of the solid oxide fuel cell is processed by the water treatment device 10 of the fuel cell of the present embodiment, and the treated water is supplied to the solid oxide fuel cell and reused. However, stable fuel cell operation is possible over the long term. Further, when the condensed water is circulated and used, tap water or pure water may be supplied at the initial stage of operation of the fuel cell. When the condensed water is circulated and used, it is preferable to discharge the gas contained in the condensed water to the atmosphere, then treat it with the water treatment device 10 and supply it to the fuel cell.

なお、汎用材料の一つであるSUS304は、ppmレベルの塩化物イオンでも条件により応力腐食割れを起こすことが知られているため、燃料電池を長期的に安定して運転するためには、処理水中の塩化物イオンを100ppb以下、好ましくは50ppb以下、より好ましくは10ppb以下にまで低減する必要がある。   Note that SUS304, which is one of the general-purpose materials, is known to cause stress corrosion cracking depending on conditions even in the case of ppm level chloride ions. It is necessary to reduce the chloride ion in water to 100 ppb or less, preferably 50 ppb or less, more preferably 10 ppb or less.

固体酸化物型燃料電池では、燃料ガス(例えば都市ガス)及び空気(酸素を含んでいる)が、それぞれ燃料供給ライン24、空気供給ライン26から(固体酸化物型)燃料電池12に供給され、燃料の改質反応によって得られる水素ガスや一酸化炭素と酸素とが反応し、発電が行われる。このような固体酸化物形燃料電池では、600〜1000℃の高温で、発電が行われるため、例えば、熱交換器28による排熱と、水道水とを熱交換して温水を供給することが好ましい。   In the solid oxide fuel cell, fuel gas (for example, city gas) and air (containing oxygen) are supplied to the (solid oxide type) fuel cell 12 from the fuel supply line 24 and the air supply line 26, respectively. Hydrogen gas or carbon monoxide obtained by the fuel reforming reaction reacts with oxygen to generate power. In such a solid oxide fuel cell, since power generation is performed at a high temperature of 600 to 1000 ° C., for example, exhaust water from the heat exchanger 28 is exchanged with tap water to supply hot water. preferable.

以下、実施例及び比較例を挙げ、本発明をより具体的に詳細に説明するが、本発明は、以下の実施例に限定されるものではない。   Hereinafter, although an example and a comparative example are given and the present invention is explained more concretely in detail, the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

(実施例1,2)
図1に示す装置を用いて、固体酸化物型燃料電池から排出される凝縮水の水処理を行った。カートリッジに充填するイオン交換樹脂は、交換容量として0.13eqに相当するトリメチルアンモニウム基を交換基とする強塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂を使用した。実施例1,2の陰イオン交換樹脂は、OH型の強塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂(ロームアンドハース社製、アンバージェット4002OH)に重炭酸アンモニウム(炭酸水素アンモニウム(NH)HCO)(1規定)を4L通液し、陰イオン交換樹脂の全交換容量に占める塩化物イオンの割合(RCl)を1%以下、炭酸イオンの割合(以下、単にR−炭酸と呼ぶ場合がある)を90%以上、70%としたものである。
(Examples 1 and 2)
The apparatus shown in FIG. 1 was used to treat the condensed water discharged from the solid oxide fuel cell. As the ion exchange resin filled in the cartridge, a strongly basic anion exchange resin having a trimethylammonium group equivalent to 0.13 eq as an exchange group was used. The anion exchange resins of Examples 1 and 2 were OH-type strongly basic anion exchange resin (Rum & Haas, Amberjet 4002OH) and ammonium bicarbonate (ammonium bicarbonate (NH 4 ) HCO 3 ) (1 4L), and the ratio of chloride ions to the total exchange capacity of the anion exchange resin (R Cl ) is 1% or less and the ratio of carbonate ions (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as R-carbonic acid). 90% or more and 70%.

実施例1,2の水処理装置に、1kWの発電量を有する固体酸化物型燃料電池において生成する凝縮水(約60℃)を供給し、24時間運転を行った。イオン交換樹脂への被処理水の通水は下向流で行った。表1に、実施例1,2のイオン交換樹脂の体積及び処理水中のTOC濃度を測定した結果をまとめた。   Condensed water (about 60 ° C.) generated in a solid oxide fuel cell having a power generation amount of 1 kW was supplied to the water treatment apparatuses of Examples 1 and 2 and operated for 24 hours. The water to be treated was passed through the ion exchange resin in a downward flow. Table 1 summarizes the results of measuring the volume of the ion exchange resins of Examples 1 and 2 and the TOC concentration in the treated water.

(比較例1)
比較例1は、使用する陰イオン交換樹脂のR−炭酸が1%未満であること以外は、実施例1と同様とした。
(Comparative Example 1)
Comparative Example 1 was the same as Example 1 except that the R-carbonic acid of the anion exchange resin used was less than 1%.

Figure 2011003493
Figure 2011003493

表1から判るように、実施例1,2のようにイオン交換樹脂を炭酸型にすることで、比較例1のOH型イオン交換樹脂より、イオン交換容量を損なうことなく樹脂体積を低減させることができた。特に、R−炭酸が90%以上の実施例1は、比較例1と比較して、樹脂体積が20%も低減した。また、実施例1,2の炭酸型イオン交換樹脂に、60℃の凝縮水を通水させて、処理を行っても、処理水中のTOCは0.1ppm以下であり、熱による樹脂の分解が抑制されていることがわかった。これに対し、比較例1のOH型イオン交換樹脂に、60℃の凝縮水を通水させて、処理を行うと、処理水中に0.5ppmのTOCが検出され、熱による樹脂が分解されたものと考えられる。   As can be seen from Table 1, by making the ion exchange resin into a carbonate type as in Examples 1 and 2, the resin volume can be reduced without impairing the ion exchange capacity compared to the OH type ion exchange resin of Comparative Example 1. I was able to. In particular, in Example 1 in which R-carbonic acid was 90% or more, the resin volume was reduced by 20% compared to Comparative Example 1. In addition, even when the carbonate-type ion exchange resin of Examples 1 and 2 was treated by passing condensed water at 60 ° C., the TOC in the treated water was 0.1 ppm or less, and the resin was decomposed by heat. It was found to be suppressed. On the other hand, when 60 degreeC condensed water was passed through the OH ion exchange resin of Comparative Example 1 and the treatment was performed, 0.5 ppm of TOC was detected in the treated water, and the resin due to heat was decomposed. It is considered a thing.

このように、初期状態の陰イオン交換樹脂を予め炭酸型にすることで、装置の設置スペースが低減できると共に、熱による樹脂の分解を抑制し、TOCの溶出を低減させることができる。   Thus, by making the anion exchange resin in the initial state carbonic acid type in advance, the installation space of the apparatus can be reduced, decomposition of the resin due to heat can be suppressed, and elution of TOC can be reduced.

(実施例3)
平均粒径0.7mmの陰イオン交換樹脂(真密度1080kg/m)と平均粒径0.5mmの陽イオン交換樹脂(真密度1140kg/m)とを体積比3:1(=陰イオン交換樹脂:陽イオン交換樹脂)の割合で充填した混床樹脂のカートリッジ(径:40mm×高さ200mm)を作製した。これを24時間振とうした。振とう後のカートリッジに純水を10mL/minで通液し、処理水のTOCを測定した。表2に振とう後のイオン交換樹脂の分離の有無及びTOC濃度をまとめた。
(Example 3)
An anion exchange resin having an average particle size of 0.7 mm (true density 1080 kg / m 3 ) and a cation exchange resin having an average particle size of 0.5 mm (true density 1140 kg / m 3 ) in a volume ratio of 3: 1 (= anion) A mixed bed resin cartridge (diameter: 40 mm × height: 200 mm) filled at a ratio of exchange resin: cation exchange resin) was prepared. This was shaken for 24 hours. Pure water was passed through the cartridge after shaking at 10 mL / min, and the TOC of the treated water was measured. Table 2 summarizes the presence / absence of separation of the ion exchange resin after shaking and the TOC concentration.

(比較例2)
比較例2では、平均粒径0.7mmの陰イオン交換樹脂(真密度1080kg/m)と平均粒径0.7mmの陽イオン交換樹脂(真密度1140kg/m)とを用いたこと以外は、実施例3と同様の条件で試験を行った。表2に振とう後のイオン交換樹脂の分離の有無及びTOC濃度をまとめた。
(Comparative Example 2)
In Comparative Example 2, an anion exchange resin having an average particle diameter of 0.7 mm (true density 1080 kg / m 3 ) and a cation exchange resin having an average particle diameter of 0.7 mm (true density 1140 kg / m 3 ) were used. Were tested under the same conditions as in Example 3. Table 2 summarizes the presence / absence of separation of the ion exchange resin after shaking and the TOC concentration.

Figure 2011003493
Figure 2011003493

表2から判るように、実施例3では24時間振とう後、目視により確認しても、陰イオン交換樹脂と陽イオン交換樹脂の分離は確認されず、純水通液後の処理水のTOCも0.1ppm以下であった。これに対し、比較例2では24時間振とうしたところ、約80%の陽イオン交換樹脂がカートリッジの底部に集まり、分離していることが確認された。また、この状態では、純水通液後の処理水中のTOCは0.5ppmとなった。   As can be seen from Table 2, in Example 3, the separation of the anion exchange resin and the cation exchange resin was not confirmed even after visual confirmation after shaking for 24 hours, and the TOC of treated water after passing pure water. Was 0.1 ppm or less. In contrast, in Comparative Example 2, after shaking for 24 hours, it was confirmed that about 80% of the cation exchange resin was collected and separated at the bottom of the cartridge. In this state, the TOC in the treated water after passing pure water was 0.5 ppm.

(実施例4)
図1に示す装置を用いて、固体酸化物型燃料電池から排出される凝縮水の水処理を行った。凝縮水中に溶解しているCO濃度は約250ppmであった。水処理装置としては、陰イオン交換樹脂30mL、陽イオン交換樹脂10mLを混床充填した混床樹脂のカートリッジ(径:40mm×高さ200mm)を用いた。そして、表3に24時間運転後の処理水のTOC濃度をまとめた。
Example 4
The apparatus shown in FIG. 1 was used to treat the condensed water discharged from the solid oxide fuel cell. The concentration of CO 2 dissolved in the condensed water was about 250 ppm. As the water treatment apparatus, a mixed bed resin cartridge (diameter: 40 mm × height: 200 mm) filled with 30 mL of anion exchange resin and 10 mL of cation exchange resin was used. Table 3 summarizes the TOC concentration of treated water after 24 hours of operation.

(比較例3,4)
比較例3としては、陰イオン交換樹脂40mLのみを充填したカートリッジを用い、比較例4としては、陰イオン交換樹脂36mL、陽イオン交換樹脂4mLを混床充填した混床樹脂のカートリッジ(径:40mm×高さ200mm)を用いたこと以外は、実施例4と同様の条件で試験を行った。そして、表3に24時間運転後の処理水のTOC濃度をまとめた。
(Comparative Examples 3 and 4)
As Comparative Example 3, a cartridge filled with only 40 mL of an anion exchange resin was used. As Comparative Example 4, a cartridge of mixed bed resin (diameter: 40 mm) filled with 36 mL of anion exchange resin and 4 mL of cation exchange resin. The test was performed under the same conditions as in Example 4 except that × height 200 mm) was used. Table 3 summarizes the TOC concentration of treated water after 24 hours of operation.

Figure 2011003493
Figure 2011003493

表3から判るように、陰イオン交換樹脂と陽イオン交換樹脂との比率が適正である実施例4は、陽イオン交換樹脂が充填されていない比較例3、陽イオン交換樹脂の充填率が小さい比較例4と比較して、TOCをより低く抑えることができるとわかった。   As can be seen from Table 3, Example 4 in which the ratio of the anion exchange resin to the cation exchange resin is appropriate is Comparative Example 3 in which the cation exchange resin is not filled, and the filling rate of the cation exchange resin is small. As compared with Comparative Example 4, it was found that TOC can be kept lower.

(実施例5,6)
図1に示す装置を用いて、固体酸化物型燃料電池から排出される凝縮水の水処理を行った。凝縮水中に溶解しているCO濃度は約250ppmであり、塩化物イオン濃度は約150ppbであった。カートリッジに充填するイオン交換樹脂は、トリメチルアンモニウム基を交換基とする強塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂30mL及び強酸性陽イオン交換樹脂10mLの混床樹脂を使用した。実施例5の陰イオン交換樹脂は、塩素型の強塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂(ロームアンドハース社製、アンバージェット4002C1)に7%のNaOH水溶液を1500mL通液し、OH型に変換し、陰イオン交換樹脂の全交換容量に占める塩化物イオンの割合(以下、単にRClと呼ぶ場合がある)を1%以下としたものである。実施例6の陰イオン交換樹脂は、実施例5の陰イオン交換樹脂とOH型に変換していない陰イオン交換樹脂とを混合し、RClを10%としたものである。実施例5,6の陽イオン交換樹脂は、水素型であるアンバージェット1024H(ロームアンドハース社製)である。
(Examples 5 and 6)
The apparatus shown in FIG. 1 was used to treat the condensed water discharged from the solid oxide fuel cell. The concentration of CO 2 dissolved in the condensed water was about 250 ppm, and the chloride ion concentration was about 150 ppb. As the ion exchange resin filled in the cartridge, a mixed bed resin of 30 mL of a strongly basic anion exchange resin having a trimethylammonium group as an exchange group and 10 mL of a strongly acidic cation exchange resin was used. The anion exchange resin of Example 5 was converted into an OH type by passing 1500 mL of a 7% NaOH aqueous solution through a chlorine type strongly basic anion exchange resin (Rum & Haas, Amberjet 4002C1). The ratio of chloride ions to the total exchange capacity of the ion exchange resin (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as R Cl ) is 1% or less. The anion exchange resin of Example 6 is a mixture of the anion exchange resin of Example 5 and an anion exchange resin that has not been converted to OH type, so that RCl is 10%. The cation exchange resin of Examples 5 and 6 is amber jet 1024H (manufactured by Rohm and Haas) which is a hydrogen type.

実施例5,6共にイオン交換樹脂への被処理水の通水は下向流で行った。そして、24時間運転後、イオン交換樹脂により処理された処理水をサンプリングし塩化物イオン濃度を測定した。その結果を表4にまとめた。   In both Examples 5 and 6, the water to be treated was passed through the ion exchange resin in a downward flow. Then, after 24 hours of operation, the treated water treated with the ion exchange resin was sampled and the chloride ion concentration was measured. The results are summarized in Table 4.

(比較例5)
比較例5は、使用する陰イオン交換樹脂のRClが20%であること以外は、実施例5と同様とした。
(Comparative Example 5)
Comparative Example 5 was the same as Example 5 except that the anion exchange resin used had an RCl of 20%.

Figure 2011003493
Figure 2011003493

表4から判るように、RClが10%の陰イオン交換樹脂を用いた実施例6では塩化物イオン濃度を50ppb以下に低減させることができた。また、RClが1%以下の陰イオン交換樹脂を用いた実施例5では塩化物イオン濃度を10ppb未満に低減させることができ、実施例6より高い塩化物イオン除去性能を示した。一方、RClが20%の陰イオン交換樹脂を用いた比較例5では、塩化物イオン濃度は110ppbであり、塩化物イオンを十分に除去することが出来なかった。 As can be seen from Table 4, it was possible to reduce the chloride ion concentration in Example 6 using R Cl 10% anion exchange resin to less 50 ppb. In Example 5 using an anion exchange resin having an R Cl content of 1% or less, the chloride ion concentration could be reduced to less than 10 ppb, indicating higher chloride ion removal performance than Example 6. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 5 in which R Cl was used 20% of the anion-exchange resin, the chloride ion concentration is 110Ppb, could not be adequately remove chloride ions.

Cl=4×CCl/CO 0.53の式に、被処理水のCO濃度250ppm、処理水中の塩化物イオン濃度50ppbを当てはめると、RClが10.7%となる。すなわち、CO濃度が250ppmである被処理水を処理して、処理水中の塩化物イオン濃度を50ppb以下とするには、陰イオン交換樹脂の全交換容量に占める塩化物イオンの割合を10.7%以下とする必要がある。そして、上記実施例5,6は上記の式から算出される値以下であることを満足している。処理水中の塩化物イオン濃度を50ppb以下とすることができれば、長期間に亘って安定した燃料電池の運転が可能となる。 If the CO 2 concentration of treated water is 250 ppm and the chloride ion concentration of treated water is 50 ppb in the formula of R Cl = 4 × C Cl / CO 2 0.53 , R Cl becomes 10.7%. That is, in order to treat the water to be treated having a CO 2 concentration of 250 ppm so that the chloride ion concentration in the treated water is 50 ppb or less, the ratio of chloride ions to the total exchange capacity of the anion exchange resin is 10. It is necessary to make it 7% or less. And the said Example 5, 6 is satisfying that it is below the value computed from said formula. If the chloride ion concentration in the treated water can be reduced to 50 ppb or less, the fuel cell can be stably operated over a long period of time.

(実施例7,8)
図1に示す装置を用いて、固体酸化物型燃料電池から排出される凝縮水の水処理を行った。凝縮水中に溶解しているCO濃度は約250ppmであり、塩化物イオン濃度は約150ppbであった。カートリッジに充填するイオン交換樹脂は、ジメチルエタノールアンモニウム基を交換基とする強塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂30mL及び強酸性陽イオン交換樹脂10mLの混床樹脂を使用した。実施例7の陰イオン交換樹脂は、塩素型の強塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂(ロームアンドハース社製、アンバーライトIRA410Cl)に7%のNaOH水溶液を1500mL通液し、OH型に変換し、RClを1%以下としたものである。実施例8の陰イオン交換樹脂は、実施例7の陰イオン交換樹脂とOH型に変換していない陰イオン交換樹脂とを混合し、RClを5%としたものである。実施例7,8の陽イオン交換樹脂は、H型であるアンバージェット1024H(ロームアンドハース社製)である。
(Examples 7 and 8)
The apparatus shown in FIG. 1 was used to treat the condensed water discharged from the solid oxide fuel cell. The concentration of CO 2 dissolved in the condensed water was about 250 ppm, and the chloride ion concentration was about 150 ppb. As the ion exchange resin filled in the cartridge, a mixed bed resin of 30 mL of strongly basic anion exchange resin having dimethylethanolammonium group as an exchange group and 10 mL of strongly acidic cation exchange resin was used. The anion exchange resin of Example 7 was converted to OH type by passing 1500 mL of 7% NaOH aqueous solution through a strong basic anion exchange resin of chlorine type (Rum & Haas, Amberlite IRA410Cl). Cl is 1% or less. The anion exchange resin of Example 8 is a mixture of the anion exchange resin of Example 7 and an anion exchange resin that has not been converted to OH type, so that RCl is 5%. The cation exchange resin of Examples 7 and 8 is H-type Amberjet 1024H (manufactured by Rohm and Haas).

実施例7,8共にイオン交換樹脂への被処理水の通水は下向流で行った。そして、24時間運転後、イオン交換樹脂により処理された処理水をサンプリングし塩化物イオン濃度を測定した。その結果を表5にまとめた。   In both Examples 7 and 8, water to be treated was passed through the ion exchange resin in a downward flow. Then, after the operation for 24 hours, the treated water treated with the ion exchange resin was sampled and the chloride ion concentration was measured. The results are summarized in Table 5.

(比較例6)
比較例6は、使用する陰イオン交換樹脂のRClが20%であること以外は、実施例7と同様とした。
(Comparative Example 6)
Comparative Example 6 was the same as Example 7 except that the RCl of the anion exchange resin used was 20%.

Figure 2011003493
Figure 2011003493

表5から判るように、RClが5%の陰イオン交換樹脂を用いた実施例8では塩化物イオン濃度を50ppb以下に低減させることができた。また、RClが1%以下の陰イオン交換樹脂を用いた実施例7では塩化物イオン濃度を10ppb未満に低減させることができ、実施例8より高い塩化物イオン除去性能を示した。一方、RClが20%の陰イオン交換樹脂を用いた比較例6では、塩化物イオン濃度は210ppbであり、塩化物イオンをほとんど除去することが出来なかった。 As can be seen from Table 5, it was possible to reduce the chloride ion concentration in Example 8 using the R Cl 5% anion exchange resin to less 50 ppb. Further, in Example 7 using an anion exchange resin having 1% or less of R 2 Cl , the chloride ion concentration could be reduced to less than 10 ppb, and higher chloride ion removal performance than Example 8 was exhibited. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 6 R Cl was used 20% of the anion-exchange resin, the chloride ion concentration is 210Ppb, it could not be almost remove chloride ions.

Cl=1.3×CCl/CO 0.45の式に、被処理水のCO濃度250ppm、処理水中の塩化物イオン濃度50ppbを当てはめると、RClが5.4%となる。すなわち、CO濃度が250ppmである被処理水を処理して、処理水中の塩化物イオン濃度を50ppb以下とするには、陰イオン交換樹脂の全交換容量に占める塩化物イオンの割合を5.4%以下とする必要がある。そして、上記実施例7,8は上記の式から算出される値以下であることを満足している。 If the CO 2 concentration of the treated water is 250 ppm and the chloride ion concentration of 50 ppb in the treated water is applied to the formula of R Cl = 1.3 × C Cl / CO 2 0.45 , R Cl becomes 5.4%. That is, in order to treat the water to be treated having a CO 2 concentration of 250 ppm so that the chloride ion concentration in the treated water is 50 ppb or less, the ratio of chloride ions to the total exchange capacity of the anion exchange resin is 5. It must be 4% or less. And the said Example 7, 8 is satisfying that it is below the value computed from said formula.

(実施例9)
実施例9は、イオン交換樹脂への被処理水の通水方向を上向流としたこと以外は、実施例5と同様とした。そして、イオン交換樹脂により処理された処理水をサンプリングし塩化物イオン濃度を測定した。その結果を表6にまとめた(なお、比較のため実施例5の結果も表6に記載した。)
Example 9
Example 9 was the same as Example 5 except that the flow direction of the water to be treated to the ion exchange resin was an upward flow. And the treated water processed with the ion exchange resin was sampled, and the chloride ion concentration was measured. The results are summarized in Table 6 (for comparison, the results of Example 5 are also shown in Table 6).

Figure 2011003493
Figure 2011003493

被処理水の通水方向が上向流である実施例9では、樹脂が圧密されず、わずかな流動が観察された。そのため、実施例9では短絡流が発生し、処理水中の塩化物イオン濃度は下向流である実施例5と比べてわずかに上昇した。よって、実施例5のように、下向流で水処理を行うことが好ましい。   In Example 9 in which the direction of water to be treated was upward, the resin was not consolidated and a slight flow was observed. Therefore, a short-circuit flow occurred in Example 9, and the chloride ion concentration in the treated water slightly increased compared to Example 5 which was a downward flow. Therefore, it is preferable to perform the water treatment in a downward flow as in the fifth embodiment.

10 水処理装置、12 燃料電池、14 被処理水ライン、16 凝縮水タンク、18 ポンプ、20 凝縮水ライン、22 処理水ライン、24 燃料供給ライン、26 空気供給ライン、28 熱交換器。   DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Water treatment apparatus, 12 Fuel cell, 14 To-be-treated water line, 16 Condensed water tank, 18 Pump, 20 Condensed water line, 22 Treated water line, 24 Fuel supply line, 26 Air supply line, 28 Heat exchanger.

Claims (4)

イオン交換樹脂を用いた燃料電池の水処理装置であって、前記イオン交換樹脂は陰イオン交換樹脂を含み、
初期状態の前記陰イオン交換樹脂は、炭酸塩を通液することで炭酸型に変換したものであることを特徴とする燃料電池の水処理装置。
A water treatment apparatus for a fuel cell using an ion exchange resin, wherein the ion exchange resin includes an anion exchange resin,
The water treatment apparatus of a fuel cell, wherein the anion exchange resin in an initial state is converted to a carbonate type by passing carbonate.
請求項1記載の燃料電池の水処理装置であって、前記初期状態の陰イオン交換樹脂の全交換容量のうち、70〜100%が炭酸型であることを特徴とする燃料電池の水処理装置。   2. The water treatment apparatus for a fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein 70 to 100% of the total exchange capacity of the anion exchange resin in the initial state is a carbonate type. . 請求項1又は2記載の燃料電池の水処理装置であって、前記陰イオン交換樹脂は強塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂であることを特徴とする燃料電池の水処理装置。   The water treatment apparatus for a fuel cell according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the anion exchange resin is a strongly basic anion exchange resin. 請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の燃料電池の水処理装置であって、前記陰イオン交換樹脂へ通水する被処理水には、燃料電池の発電反応により生じる凝縮水が含まれ、前記被処理水は前記陰イオン交換樹脂により処理された後、前記燃料電池に再利用されることを特徴とする燃料電池の水処理装置。   The water treatment apparatus for a fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the water to be treated that is passed through the anion exchange resin includes condensed water generated by a power generation reaction of the fuel cell. The water treatment apparatus for a fuel cell, wherein the water to be treated is treated with the anion exchange resin and then reused in the fuel cell.
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JP2012223142A (en) * 2011-04-20 2012-11-15 Ito En Ltd Deacidified tomato juice, method for producing the same, tomato-containing beverage and method for suppressing acidity of tomato-containing beverage
JP2016076588A (en) * 2014-10-06 2016-05-12 オルガノ株式会社 System and method for supplying carbon dioxide dissolved water, and ion exchange device
JP2016076590A (en) * 2014-10-06 2016-05-12 オルガノ株式会社 Conductive aqueous solution manufacturing device, conductive aqueous solution manufacturing method, and ion exchange device

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JP2016076590A (en) * 2014-10-06 2016-05-12 オルガノ株式会社 Conductive aqueous solution manufacturing device, conductive aqueous solution manufacturing method, and ion exchange device

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