JP2010505021A - Apparatus and method for pyrolyzing oil from plastic waste - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a system and method for the pyrolysis and liquefaction of plastic waste. A waste input device that inputs plastic waste contained in the hopper into the primary pyrolysis tank, a primary pyrolysis tank that thermally decomposes the input waste to generate gas, and a firebox A heating furnace consisting of a double jacket with a burner on one side to heat the built-in primary pyrolysis tank, and rotation to rotate the primary pyrolysis tank located in the fire chamber of the heating furnace An apparatus, a secondary pyrolysis tank for pyrolyzing the generated gas again to separate carbides and residues, and a condenser for condensing the gas separated by the secondary pyrolysis tank to liquefy The oil / water separator separates the regenerated oil condensed by the condenser into water and oil.

Description

  More specifically, the present invention relates to a system and method for pyrolyzing and plasticizing plastic waste, and more specifically, a gas generated by thermally decomposing industrial waste such as plastic waste and styrofoam waste in a pyrolysis tank of a heating furnace. The oil can be produced by condensation and oil-water separation. In particular, the present invention relates to an oil conversion system that efficiently collects gas generated during thermal decomposition to improve oil productivity and improve economic efficiency.

  Up to now, various oil production systems that thermally decompose industrial waste such as plastic waste, polystyrene waste and tires have been proposed.

  However, most of the conventional pyrolysis systems have a problem that the production amount of oil is low and the economic efficiency is low as compared with the installation cost and the operation cost, and it has not been successfully commercialized industrially.

  For example, in the “waste treatment system” disclosed in Korean Patent Publication No. 1995-7048, a waste heating furnace is composed of an internal furnace and an external furnace, and the internal furnace is centered on a double internal hollow shaft and an external hollow shaft. Arrange for rotation. One end of the inner hollow shaft and the outer hollow shaft is connected to a reprocessing recovery unit. The reprocessing recovery unit includes an adsorption tank containing activated carbon, a gas neutralization tank storing a neutralizing agent, and a cooling unit. The chambers were connected in order with pipes, and the pyrolysis gas of the waste pyrolyzed in the internal furnace was filtered, neutralized and cooled through the above-mentioned members, and formed outside the internal furnace The external furnace has a combustion chamber at the bottom, a zigzag flame path is formed at the top, and a cooling water jacket is formed on the outer wall of the flame path. The flame path is connected to the adsorption tank by a duct. In addition, a transfer pipe is connected to one side of the adsorption tank so that the combustion gas generated from the combustion chamber through the gas neutralization tank is filtered and neutralized and discharged. Further, a gas supply pipe is arranged between the cooling chamber and the combustion chamber, and the pyrolysis gas filtered, neutralized and cooled is supplied into the combustion chamber as a fuel substitute. ing.

  As described above, Korean Patent Publication No. 1995-7048 is configured such that the pyrolyzed heated gas moves to the reprocessing collection unit through a plurality of holes formed in the external hollow shaft. As a result of the rotation of the internal furnace, the outer hollow shaft rotates, and a film is formed in the hole, so that gas cannot be discharged smoothly, resulting in a decrease in oil production.

  Korean Patent No. 0486159, “Plastic oil liquefaction device”, is equipped with a transfer screw that pumps the pulverized plastic waste flowing into the hopper using the rotational force of the motor, and is pumped by the transfer screw. A reaction furnace for generating a gas containing oil from the plastic waste by heating the burned plastic waste, a cooling tower for cooling the gas containing the oil, a primary filtration device, and deodorizing and decolorizing it In an oil making apparatus composed of a catalyst tower and a secondary filtration device, the pulverized plastic waste is heated and flows into the reaction furnace in a semi-molten state between the transfer screw and the reaction furnace. It is comprised with the temporary melting apparatus heated so that it may. However, the patent has a problem in that a part of gas, which is a raw material of oil, is lost in the process of temporary melting. That is, when temporarily melting, gas is lost in the process of temporarily melting and compressing plastic waste such as polystyrene foam and vinyl. Therefore, there is a problem that the productivity of oil is lowered.

  In addition, the existing waste treatment system has a smaller amount of gas generated by pyrolyzing the waste than a huge amount of equipment. In particular, the decomposed gas is used to reprocess the pyrolyzed gas. There is a problem that the efficiency of collection is low, so that the more the processing apparatus is operated, the more damage is caused and the lower the economic efficiency. At present, there are hundreds of inventions registered and filed with the Korean Patent Office regarding waste treatment systems, but few waste treatment systems are actually in operation. This means that most of the waste treatment systems that have been filed and registered to date are not economical.

  Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and condenses the gas generated by thermally decomposing industrial waste such as plastic waste and styrofoam waste in a pyrolysis tank of a heating furnace. The purpose is to extract oil, which is refined oil through oil-water separation, and efficiently collect gas generated during pyrolysis to improve oil productivity and improve economy.

  Another object of the present invention is to reduce plastic waste disposal costs.

  Still another object of the present invention is to prevent environmental pollution due to soil pollution and air pollution by avoiding landfilling and incineration.

  Furthermore, another object of the present invention is to reduce the import amount of energy sources in oil importing countries.

  In order to achieve the above object, an oil extraction system according to an embodiment of the present invention transfers plastic waste contained in a hopper to a primary pyrolysis tank (referred to as a “reactor”) through an inlet. From the waste input device to be input, the primary pyrolysis tank for pyrolyzing the input plastic waste, the burner for heating the primary pyrolysis tank loaded in the firebox, and the double jacket A heating furnace, a rotating device for rotating a primary pyrolysis tank loaded in a fire chamber of the heating furnace, and gas generated in the primary pyrolysis tank are pyrolyzed again to separate carbides and residues. A secondary pyrolysis tank, a condenser for condensing to gasify the gas separated by the secondary pyrolysis tank to form a mixture of water and oil, and water and oil condensed by the condenser And an oil / water separator that separates the mixture into water and oil.

  The oil conversion method as another embodiment of the present invention utilizes the above pyrolysis oil conversion system that efficiently produces oil from industrial waste such as plastic waste or expanded polystyrene waste.

As described above, industrial waste such as plastic waste and polystyrene foam waste is pyrolyzed to produce oil, firstly, the waste disposal cost of plastic waste is reduced, and second, landfill and It has the effect of preventing environmental pollution due to soil and air pollution by avoiding incineration. Third, it reduces the amount of imported energy sources for oil importing countries, and fourth, the primary pyrolysis tank. The end portion of the gas suction pipe is bent to form an inclined surface at the inlet, so that a large amount of the generated gas can be sucked, thereby improving the gas suction efficiency and the oil extraction amount.
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings.

The whole process of the pyrolysis oil conversion system by one Embodiment of this invention is shown. The block diagram of the waste input and carbide | carbonized_material collection | recovery apparatus by one Embodiment of this invention. The block diagram of the 1st pyrolysis tank located in the heating furnace by one Embodiment of this invention. The side view which shows the external structure of the heating furnace in FIG. Sectional drawing which shows the internal structure of the heating furnace in FIG. The block diagram of the rotation apparatus which rotates the primary pyrolysis tank of FIG. The block diagram of the axial bracket which supports the rotation apparatus of FIG. The block diagram of the 2nd pyrolysis tank which thermally decomposes again the gas produced | generated by the 1st pyrolysis tank of FIG. The block diagram of the carrier for moving the primary pyrolysis tank of FIG. 3 on a rail. The figure which shows the connection state of the gas exhaust pipe of the primary pyrolysis tank of FIG. 3, and the rotation gas pipe of the rotation apparatus of FIG. The block diagram which shows the thermal decomposition process by one Embodiment of this invention. The block diagram which shows the thermal decomposition process of FIG. 11 in detail.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  In the figure, the same reference numerals are used for the same or similar members. In order not to obscure the subject matter of the present invention, in the prior art, detailed descriptions of matters relating to known structures or processes are omitted.

  A plastic waste pyrolysis oil conversion system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a waste input device 10 that inputs waste collected in a hopper 11 and a carbide recovery device 10 ′ that recovers residual carbide, respectively. A primary pyrolysis tank 20 for pyrolyzing waste disposed on the carrier 25 'moving on the rail 25 and connected to the outer surface of the gas exhaust pipe 22; A fire chamber formed to receive the pyrolysis tank 20, a burner for heating the primary pyrolysis tank 20, a heating furnace 30 comprising a double jacket body 31; A rotating device 40 for rotating the primary pyrolysis tank 20 by connecting the primary pyrolysis tank 20 to the rotating gas pipe 42; and circulating the gas generated by the primary pyrolysis tank 20; The gas is accommodated through the moving gas pipe 42, the gas is re-pyrolyzed, and the gas A secondary pyrolysis tank 50 that separates the carbide particles and prevents backflow of the gas and carbide particles, and condenses the pyrolyzed gas in the secondary pyrolysis tank 50 by the condenser 60; And oil is extracted with the gas separator 70 which has an oil-water separation filter.

  The waste charging device and the carbide recovery device have a hydraulic cylinder 12a and a charging port 12b at the bottom, and a waste charging device comprising a hopper 11 disposed at the top of the fixed support base 13; A hydraulic cylinder 17a disposed in an intermediate portion, the hydraulic cylinder 17a being supported by a fixed pin 17b; a reactor turning device 17; a carbide discharge pipe 14 attached to the lower end of the fixed support; The carbide | carbonized_material collection | recovery apparatus 10 'which consists of the collection | recovery part 15a, the filtration net | network 15b, and the air blower 16 is included.

  In the primary pyrolysis tank 20, rotating rollers (23, 23 ') are disposed at both end portions of the gas discharge pipe 22, and the gas discharge pipe 22 between the rotating roller 23 and the rotating roller 23' is disposed. A plurality of gas suction pipes 24 are connected to the outer surface of the cylinder so that the generated gas can be sucked, and the plurality of gas suction pipes 24 are located inside, and a cylindrical shape having an inclined surface 21 formed on one side is formed. Is formed.

  A plurality of connecting pins 26 a project from one side of the gas discharge pipe flange 26 of the primary pyrolysis tank 20, and hook grooves 26 b are formed at the two edges of the other side of the gas discharge pipe flange 26.

  The plurality of gas suction pipes 24 are formed so as to penetrate the outer peripheral surface of the gas discharge pipe 22, and the inlet 24 ′ of the gas suction pipe 24 is formed as an inclined surface that maximizes the suction rate, and includes a metal net. .

  Preferably, the heating furnace includes a fire chamber having an inner wall formed by a refractory brick 34; a burner 33 provided on one side of the fire chamber; a double jacket body 31 for containing water; and the double jacket A water supply pipe 37a and a water distribution pipe 37b provided at the upper and lower ends of the body 31, respectively; a flame path 35 provided at the upper end of the double jacket 31 and connected to the fire chamber; Door 32a and auxiliary door 32b.

  Preferably, the rail 25 is arranged from the carbide recovery device 10 ′ to the inside of the heating furnace 30.

  Preferably, the turning device 40 includes a chain gear 43 attached to the outer peripheral surface of the turning gas pipe 42 and attached to the central portion between the shaft brackets 41 and 41 ′. Driven by a motor 44 through a chain, one end of the rotating gas pipe 42 is connected to the gas discharge pipe 22 of the first pyrolysis tank 20, and the other end of the rotating gas pipe 42 is connected to the secondary pyrolysis tank 50. The connecting tube 46 is rotatably connected.

  Preferably, the shaft brackets 41 and 41 ′ are formed as upper and lower brackets having a pair of bushings 41 for supporting the rotating gas pipe 42, and a lubricating oil inlet is formed on the upper surface of the upper bracket.

  Preferably, the rotating gas pipe 42 includes a rotating gas pipe flange 47 formed at one end, and a plurality of hook grooves 26b formed on one side surface of the rotating gas pipe flange 47 into which the connecting pins 26a are fitted. A link 47b formed on the upper and lower portions of the outer peripheral surface of the rotating gas pipe flange 47, one end of the link 47b is connected to the hinge pin, and the other end of the link 47b is connected to one end of the hydraulic cylinder 47c and the hook 47d. It is connected. The other end of the hydraulic cylinder 47 c is connected to the rotating gas pipe 42.

  The rotating gas pipe 42 and the connecting pipe 46 are connected to each other so that the rotating gas pipe 42 can freely rotate, and the connecting pipe 46 is held in a fixed position. Are formed inside the connecting portion.

  Preferably, the secondary pyrolysis tank 50 is formed at a plurality of heating plates 51 having pores, a connecting pipe 46 having a backflow prevention device 54, a residue container 53, and a bottom of the residue container 53. And an ash removal valve 52 and a catalyst stage 55 formed in the upper part of the secondary pyrolysis tank 50. The secondary pyrolysis tank 50 is covered with a heat insulating material to prevent heat loss.

    The method of pyrolyzing and converting plastic waste according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a step of pulverizing plastic waste including waste plastic and expanded polystyrene waste and storing the plastic waste in a hopper; A step of suspending the cracking tank with a crane and placing it on the reactor rotating device, and adjusting the position of the primary pyrolysis tank with a hydraulic cylinder; A step of putting it in the primary pyrolysis tank; suspending the primary pyrolysis tank with a crane and placing it on a carrier arranged on a rail; and transferring the primary pyrolysis tank to a fire chamber in the heating furnace; , Rotating the primary pyrolysis tank with a motor while the door is closed and heating with a burner; and the gas generated by heating the heating furnace in the primary pyrolysis tank through the gas suction pipe Transferred to the secondary pyrolysis tank A step of re-pyrolyzing the gas in the pyrolysis tank; a step of condensing the re-pyrolyzed gas in the secondary pyrolysis tank to produce oil; and an oil-water separator having an oil-water separation filter. And separating into oil.

  Hereinafter, the method for thermally decomposing plastic waste according to the present invention will be described in detail.

First stage: storing plastic waste in hopper First, after sorting plastic waste, it is pulverized and stored in a hopper 11 disposed in the waste input device 10. The method of storing plastic waste in the hopper 11 can be performed using a conveyor belt or a screw. Moreover, the plastic waste accommodated in the hopper 11 is pulverized in advance to a predetermined size by an appropriate pulverizer. The hopper 11 is a hermetically sealed type, and dust scattering can be prevented by an air filter.

Second stage: Putting plastic waste into the primary pyrolysis tank The plastic waste is put into the primary pyrolysis tank 20 from the hopper 11 of the waste charging apparatus 10.

  At this time, the primary pyrolysis tank 20 is placed on the carrier 25 ′ arranged on the rail 25 and moved near the waste charging device 10, and then placed on the reactor turning device 17 by a crane. When the primary pyrolysis tank 20 is rotated about the fixed pin 17b using the hydraulic cylinder 17a, the primary pyrolysis tank becomes vertical and the inlet of the primary pyrolysis tank faces the hopper become. When the primary pyrolysis tank is vertical, the input pipe 12b disposed at the lower end of the hopper 11 is fitted into the input port of the primary pyrolysis tank 20 and plastic waste is input.

Third stage: Heating and rotation of the primary pyrolysis tank After the plastic waste is thrown into the primary pyrolysis tank 20 by the waste throwing device 10, the primary pyrolysis tank is again suspended by a crane. Then, when it is placed on the carrier 25 'on the rail 25 and pulled or pushed, the primary pyrolysis tank moves to the fire chamber in the heating furnace.

  One end of the gas discharge pipe 22 of the primary pyrolysis tank 20 protrudes to one side of the heating furnace and is connected to the rotating gas pipe 42 of the rotating device 40.

  That is, the gas exhaust pipe flange 26 of the primary pyrolysis tank is in close contact with the rotating gas pipe flange 47 of the rotating device 40, and at the same time, the connecting pin 26a protruding on one surface of the gas exhaust pipe flange is connected to the rotating gas pipe flange. The other end of the latching hook 47d fitted into the insertion groove 47a of the 47 and having one end connected to the link 47b is caught in the hook groove 26b of the gas discharge pipe flange 26.

  As described above, when the latching hook 47d of the rotating gas pipe flange 47 is caught in the hook groove 26b of the gas discharge pipe flange 26, the hydraulic cylinder 47c disposed on the outer surface of the rotating gas pipe 42 is operated to rotate. By pulling the links 47 b arranged above and below the outer surface of the shaft gas pipe flange 47, the gas discharge pipe flange 26 is brought into close contact with the rotating gas pipe flange 47. The link 47b uses a hydraulic cylinder 47c or a spring, so that the latching hook 47d maintains a state where the gas discharge pipe flange 26 is firmly connected.

  Further, when separating from the rotating gas pipe 42 to discharge the carbide in the primary pyrolysis tank 20, when the link 47b is pulled using a hydraulic cylinder, the hook 47d is released and the gas is discharged. The pipe flange 26 and the rotary shaft gas pipe flange 47 can be separated.

  After the primary pyrolysis tank 20 into which plastic waste has been introduced is moved to the fire chamber in the heating furnace 30, the door 32a of the heating furnace 30 is closed, and the burner 33 arranged outside is operated to perform the primary heat decomposition tank. The pyrolysis tank 20 is heated.

  At the same time that the primary pyrolysis tank 20 is heated by the burner 33, the rotating device 40 connected to one side is rotated and the primary pyrolysis tank 20 is placed in the heating furnace 30 via the rotating gas pipe 42. Rotate with.

  In the primary pyrolysis tank 20 located in the fire chamber in the heating furnace 30, rotating rollers 23 and 23 ′ are arranged at both end portions of the gas discharge pipe 22, and one side end of the gas discharge pipe 22 is rotated. The rotating gas pipe 42 of the device 40 is connected.

  The primary pyrolysis tank 20 is inserted with a gas discharge pipe 22 having a plurality of gas suction pipes 24 connected to the outer surface between the rotary roller 23 and the rotary roller 23 '. The thermal decomposition tank 20 is formed in a cylindrical body having an inclined surface 21 formed on one side of the inner surface thereof, and plastic waste is melted and decomposed by heating inside the sealed state to generate gas.

  The gas generated in the primary pyrolysis tank 20 is discharged through the gas suction pipe 24 of the gas discharge pipe 22.

  The end portion of the gas suction pipe 24 is bent in one side direction, and the inlet 24 'at the end portion is an inclined surface, so that the cross-sectional area through which the gas is sucked is maximized.

  Further, the gas suction pipe 24 is bent at the end, rotates through the gas discharge pipe 22, sucks a large amount of gas, and transfers a large amount of gas to the secondary pyrolysis tank 50 through the gas discharge pipe 22. To do.

  A metal net is disposed at the inlet of the gas suction pipe 24 to prevent inflow of carbide residues and to allow only gas to enter.

  The metal net disposed at the inlet of the gas suction pipe may be clogged with thick soot when plastic is burned, but this can be solved by removing the pyrolysis tank from the heating furnace and washing it.

  The heating furnace 30 has a fire chamber composed of a predetermined space inside, and the inner wall of the fire chamber is formed of refractory bricks 34 that are resistant to heat.

  A burner 33 is disposed outside the firebox to heat the primary pyrolysis tank 20 that rotates in the firebox.

  The main body 31 of the heating furnace 30 is composed of a double jacket and is filled with water. A water supply pipe 37a is formed on the upper surface of the main body 31, and a water drain pipe 37b is disposed on the lower surface. Water can be supplied to the jacket and the water in the jacket can be drained. The cross-sectional shape of the double jacket in the main body 31 of the heating furnace 30 is a horseshoe shape.

  In addition, a plurality of flame paths 35 are provided at the upper end of the heating furnace 30 so as to communicate with the fire chamber, and a filter is attached to the flame path to release smoke discharged from the fire chamber. The smoke discharged at this time is not generated by the combustion of plastic waste, but is a combustion gas generated by gas combustion when the burner 33 is ignited.

  Further, a steam discharge pipe 36a is provided on the upper surface of the main body 31 of the heating furnace to discharge steam generated by heating the jacket water, and a safety valve 36b is provided on the upper surface of the main body 31 so that the steam is When the steam pressure continues to rise without being discharged, the steam is automatically discharged.

  In addition, various kinds of instruments for checking the steam pressure and the heating temperature are arranged in the heating furnace 30, and such instruments are arranged and managed in the same manner as those arranged in the conventional heating furnace. Can be maintained.

  In addition, an auxiliary door 32b can be disposed behind the heating furnace 30, and the heating furnace 30 can be managed and maintained when necessary.

  The door 32a of the heating furnace can be opened and closed with the rail 25 disposed at the lower end, and can keep the firebox sealed.

  The primary pyrolysis tank 20 located in the fire chamber of the heating furnace 30 is rotated by a rotating device 40 connected to one side, and the rotating device 40 includes a shaft bracket 41 and a shaft bracket 41 ′. A chain gear 43 attached to the rotating shaft gas pipe 42 is provided, and this chain gear 43 drives the rotating device 40 via the chain by a motor 44 arranged at the lower end. The rotating device may be driven by another method instead of the chain gear.

  The connecting portion of the connecting pipe 46 that connects the rotating gas pipe 42 and the secondary pyrolysis tank 50 of the rotating device 40 is provided with an O-ring and a lubrication packing to maintain the airtightness of the connecting portion. The tube 46 is not rotated, but only the rotating gas tube 42 is rotated to rotate the primary pyrolysis tank 20.

Fourth stage: Pyrolysis of carbide particles and product gas in the secondary pyrolysis tank The gas generated by heating the plastic waste in the primary pyrolysis tank 20 by the heating furnace 30 is supplied to the gas suction pipe 24. After flowing in, the gas flows into the secondary pyrolysis tank 50 through the gas exhaust pipe 22, the rotating gas pipe 42 and the connecting pipe 46 of the rotating device 40.

  At this time, a backflow prevention device 54 is provided between the connecting pipe 46 and the secondary pyrolysis tank 50 and serves to prevent the gas flowing into the secondary pyrolysis tank 50 from flowing back.

  The gas generated in the primary pyrolysis tank 20 is heated again in the secondary pyrolysis tank 50, and carbide particles (such as carbon) and undecomposed residues are separated from the gas by pyrolysis.

  The gas generated by the primary pyrolysis tank 20 is in a state in which carbides and undecomposed residues are mixed, causing the transfer line to be clogged, and a factor that degrades the quality of the produced oil. become.

  In the secondary pyrolysis tank 50, a plurality of heating plates 51 are spaced apart at a predetermined interval, and an ash removal valve 52 and a residue container 53 are arranged at the lower end thereof. The gas flowing into the tank 50 is thermally decomposed by a plurality of heating plates 51 provided therein, the carbides and residues are dropped and collected in the residue container 53, and the decomposed gases are separated and sucked by the blower 56 Move to condenser 60.

  The ash collected in the residue container 53 is discarded later.

  The blower 56 moves quickly from the primary pyrolysis tank 20 to the secondary pyrolysis tank 50 and from the secondary pyrolysis tank 50 to the condenser 60, and expands due to the long-term residence of gas. Explosion can be prevented.

  Here, various kinds of instruments, a transparent window, a drain valve, and the like for managing the secondary pyrolysis tank 50 can be used.

  In addition, a catalyst stage 55 is provided in the upper part of the secondary pyrolysis tank 50, and serves to remove chlorine gas, highly curable wax, and the like contained in the separated and rising gas.

  Further, the catalyst stage 55 neutralizes toxic gas generated in the process of decomposing plastic waste, thereby improving the quality of oil produced later.

Fifth Stage: Gas Condensation Gas separated from carbides and residues by the second pyrolysis tank flows into the condenser 60 by a blower, and then is condensed to a liquid.

  The condenser 60 has the same function and action as the ordinary condenser 60, and converts the gas into a liquid and transfers it to the oil / water separator 70. At this time, the uncondensed gas flows into the gas storage tank 80 via the transfer line, and the gas flowing into the gas storage tank is supplied again to the burner 33 of the heating furnace 30 and becomes a heat source for the burner.

Sixth stage: oil / water separation The liquid oil condensed by the condenser is separated again into oil and water purified by the filter of the oil / water separator 70 and stored in the oil storage tank.

  The oil / water separator 70 separates the condensed refined oil into oil and water using a filter, and then collects the water in a separate recovery tank so that it can be discarded. The refined oil is stored in a storage tank. The gas not separated by the condenser 60 is separated again and flows into the gas storage tank 80 through the gas transfer line, and the gas flowing into the gas storage tank 80 is supplied as a heat source for the burner.

  Hereinafter, a pyrolysis oil conversion system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows the overall configuration of a pyrolysis oil conversion system according to the present invention.

  Referring to FIG. 1, the pyrolysis oil conversion system stores plastic waste in a hopper 11 and inputs the plastic waste into a primary pyrolysis tank 20 through an input pipe in the waste input device 10. The step of thermally decomposing the waste introduced into the primary pyrolysis tank 20 acting as a reaction furnace → burning the primary pyrolysis tank 20 in the fire chamber of the heating furnace 30 comprising a double jacket The step of heating by 33 → the step of rotating the primary pyrolysis tank 20 by the rotating device 40 → the secondary pyrolysis tank 50 by pyrolyzing the gas generated in the primary pyrolysis tank 20 In the step of separating the gas, carbide and residue in the inside → In the step of condensing the gas separated in the secondary pyrolysis tank 50 in the condenser 60 in order to produce regenerated oil → In the oil-water separator 70, Separating water and refined oil from the regenerated oil condensed in the condenser 60 Consisting of a degree.

  FIG. 2 shows a waste input device and a carbide recovery device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  Referring to FIG. 2, the plastic waste accommodated in the hopper 11 is charged into the primary pyrolysis tank 20 mounted on the reactor rotating device 17 by a crane through the charging pipe 26 at the bottom.

  Further, after generating gas by heating and burning in the primary pyrolysis tank 20, when the primary pyrolysis tank 20 is pulled by opening the door 32 a of the heating furnace, it is placed on the rail 25 and thrown in waste. Move closer to device 10 '.

  The primary pyrolysis tank 20 in the vicinity of the waste recovery apparatus 10 ′ rotates the primary pyrolysis tank 20 by using the reaction furnace rotating device 17 having the hydraulic cylinder 17a, so that the primary pyrolysis tank 20 is rotated. The carbide remaining after heating in the pyrolysis tank 20 is recovered in the carbide recovery device 10 '.

  The carbide recovery device 10 'is formed with a carbide discharge pipe 14 operated by a hydraulic cylinder at the upper part, a hopper-like recovery part 15a at the lower end, and a filtration net 15b at the lower end of the recovery part 15a. And filter out foreign substances such as iron and stone mixed in carbides. A lower end portion of the recovery unit 15a where the filtration net 15b is disposed is connected by a pipe, and a blower 16 is disposed on one side of the pipe to suck in the carbide in the primary pyrolysis tank 20 and to collect the carbide recovery unit 15a. The carbides transferred to the recovery unit and stored in the recovery section are discharged to the treatment facility through the carbide discharge pipe. At this time, the carbide incorporated in the primary pyrolysis tank is easily slid and discharged by the inclined surface 21 formed on the inner surface side of the primary pyrolysis tank.

  FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram illustrating a thermal decomposition tank located in a heating furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  Referring to FIG. 3, a plurality of gas suction pipes 24 are connected to the outer surface of the gas discharge pipe 22, and a cylindrical primary pyrolysis tank 20 is formed outside the gas discharge pipe 22. An inclined surface 21 is formed on one side of the secondary pyrolysis tank 20 in order to easily remove carbides.

  Further, in order to smoothly rotate the primary pyrolysis tank 20, rotating rollers 23 and 23 ′ are arranged at both end portions of the gas discharge pipe 22. The rotating rollers 23 and 23 ′ are disposed so as to be fixed to the fire chamber of the heating furnace 30, and can support the primary pyrolysis tank 20 in a floating state.

  FIG. 4 is a front view showing an external configuration of the heating furnace of FIG.

  FIG. 4 shows a state in which two flame paths 35, a steam discharge pipe 36a, and a safety valve 36b are provided in the upper part of the main body of the heating furnace, and a door 32a and an auxiliary door 32b are attached to both sides.

  FIG. 5 is a side sectional view showing the internal configuration of the heating furnace of FIG.

  The main body of the heating furnace 30 is composed of a double jacket, the inner wall of the firebox where the primary pyrolysis tank 20 is located is formed by refractory bricks 34, and a burner 33 is disposed outside the firebox.

  Referring to FIG. 5, the burner 33 is ignited by supplying separately stored gas at the start of operation, but gas is generated when the primary pyrolysis tank is heated and condensed by the condenser. The remaining gas is supplied as a heat source, and the burner can be operated.

  The heating furnace 30 is composed of a double jacket so that it can contain water, and has a water supply pipe and a discharge pipe. As described above, various instruments and components are attached to operate the heating furnace. It is done.

  FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of a rotating device that rotates the primary pyrolysis tank of FIG. 3.

  Referring to FIG. 6, one end of the rotating gas pipe 42 is connected to the gas discharge pipe 22 of the primary pyrolysis tank 20, and the other end is a connecting pipe 46 connected to the secondary pyrolysis tank 50. Combine with. The rotating gas pipe 42 is supported by a plurality of shaft brackets 41 and 41 ', and the shaft bracket is fixed to a support base 45 disposed at the lower part.

  A chain gear 43 is arranged on the outer surface of the central portion of the rotating gas pipe 42, and the gear is driven by a motor 44 provided in a support base located at the lower part. The motor and the chain gear are connected by a chain. Then, the drive of the motor 44 is transmitted to the chain gear 43.

  In addition, the rotation device 40 is provided with a rotation device cover 49 on the upper portion, so that the shaft bracket and the chain gear can be protected from the external environment such as rain water and snow.

  The rotating gas pipe flange 47 at one end of the rotating gas pipe 42 connected to the primary pyrolysis tank 20 is formed with a plurality of insertion grooves 47a into which the connecting pins 26a are fitted. One end of the link 47b is connected to the upper and lower parts of the outer peripheral surface of the gas pipe flange 47 by a hinge pin, and a hydraulic cylinder 47c and a latching hook 47d are connected to the other end of the link.

  Accordingly, the gas exhaust pipe flange 26 at one end of the gas exhaust pipe 22 of the primary pyrolysis tank is in close contact with the rotating gas pipe flange 47 of the rotating device, and at the same time, a connection projecting from one surface of the gas exhaust pipe flange. The latching hook 47d, in which the pin 26a is fitted into the insertion groove 47a of the rotating gas pipe flange 47 and one end of which is connected to the link 47b, is rotated in a state of being hooked on the hook groove 26b on one side of the gas discharge pipe flange 26. The hydraulic gas pipe 42 is tightly coupled by a hydraulic cylinder fixed to the outer peripheral surface.

  FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram showing a shaft bracket that supports the rotating device of FIG. 6.

  The shaft brackets 41 and 41 ′ are fixed to the support base 45 of the rotation device 40 so as to support the rotation gas pipe 42. When the rotation gas pipe 42 rotates by driving the motor 44, the shaft bracket It is supported from both sides by 41 and 41 'and rotates smoothly without shaking.

  FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram of a secondary pyrolysis tank that decomposes the cracked gas generated by the primary pyrolysis tank of FIG. 3 again.

  Referring to FIG. 8, the secondary pyrolysis tank 50 is composed of a cylindrical tank in the vertical direction, a catalyst stage 55 is disposed at the upper part of the inner tank, and a plurality of ring-shaped heating plates are provided at the center thereof. 51 are arranged at predetermined intervals.

  The interval at which the heating plate 51 is arranged varies depending on the capacity of the secondary pyrolysis tank 50.

  Further, the heating plate 51 generates an appropriate temperature for thermally decomposing the generated gas, a plurality of holes are formed, the gas rises, and the carbide and the residue have their own specific gravity, so that the lower residue containing portion 53 is formed. Fall into. The residue container 53 can be opened and closed by an ash removal valve 52 disposed on one side of the residue container to discharge the collected residue and carbide.

  Further, a backflow prevention device 54 is disposed between the secondary pyrolysis tank 50 and the connecting pipe 46, and the inflowed gas is separated in the secondary pyrolysis tank 50 and the primary difference is caused by the pressure difference. Backflow to the pyrolysis tank 20 is prevented.

  The catalyst stage 55 serves to remove chlorine gas or highly curable wax by adjusting the properties of the second pyrolyzed gas.

  Plastic waste generates toxic gases in the process of thermal decomposition, but the quality of the oil produced is improved by reforming, neutralizing and removing these by the catalyst stage.

  The blower 56 disposed at the upper end quickly transfers the gas separated by the secondary pyrolysis tank 50 to the condenser 60 and prevents the gas from expanding.

  FIG. 9 is a view showing a carrier for moving the primary pyrolysis tank according to the present invention by rails.

  Referring to FIG. 9, the carrier 25 ′ is arranged on the moving rail of the present invention, and the primary pyrolysis tank is attached to the upper part of the carrier so that it can be easily pulled or pushed into the heating furnace and can be moved in and out. By raising or lowering the primary pyrolysis tank 20, the carrier can be easily and easily mounted on the carrier.

  10 is a connection state diagram of the gas discharge pipe of the primary pyrolysis tank of FIG. 3 and the rotating gas pipe of the rotating device of FIG.

  Referring to FIG. 10, when the primary pyrolysis tank 20 of the present invention is received in the fire chamber of the heating furnace 30, the end of the gas discharge pipe 42 protrudes outside the heating furnace 30, and the rotating gas pipe 42. And can be connected easily and easily.

  FIG. 11 is a block diagram illustrating a thermal decomposition process according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  FIG. 11 shows a flowchart of the pyrolysis oil conversion system of FIG.

  FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing the thermal decomposition process of FIG. 11 in more detail.

  Some steps in FIG. 12 are not described herein.

  The present invention described above can prevent environmental pollution as well as waste disposal by providing a system for producing oil by thermally decomposing plastic waste generated in general industries.

  Hereinafter, examples of the present invention will be described with reference to experimental examples based on oil production.

* Volume that can be charged with waste in the reactor; 6.944 m ³ ,
* Filling rate: 80%
* When the weight of the charged product is 0.1003 × 0.8 × 0.45 (specific gravity) = 2.5 tons (amount of input), the result of the composition analysis of the product is oil: 60% , Gas: 20%, carbide (char): 15%, moisture: 5%.

  In this experiment, water and oil were mixed, and oil was later separated using an oil-water separator.

The amount of product is calculated as follows:
* Oil: 2.5 tons x 0.6 ÷ 0.87 (specific gravity) = 1,724L
* Gas: 2.5 tons x 0.2 = 500 kg
* Carbide: 2.5 tons x 0.15 = 375 kg
* Moisture: 2.5 tons × 0.05 = 125 kg.

  According to this example, 1,724 L of oil is produced from 2.5 tons of waste, and it is judged that the efficiency is very high.

  The energy balance, which is the economic efficiency of the present invention for producing oil as described above, is as follows.

<Waste material>
* Type of input waste: Waste tire * Amount of input once: 2.5 tons / batch (amount to which specific gravity is applied)
* Product composition 1) Oil: 45% to 50% → Applicable value: 50%
2) Gas: 10% to 15% → Applicable value: 15%
3) Carbide: 25% to 30% → Applicable value: 30%
4) Moisture: 5% to 8% → Applicable value: 5%
* Product quantity 1) Oil 2.5 tons / batch x 0.5 = 1.25 tons 1.25 tons x (1 / 0.87 x 1,000 L tons) = 1,437 L (based on refined oil)
2) Gas: 2.5 tons / batch × 0.15 = 0.375 tons 0.375 tons × 1,000 kg / tons = 375 kg
3) char: 2.5 tons / batch × 0.3 = 0.75 tons 4) Moisture: 2.5 tons / batch × 0.05 = 0.125 tons * 0.87 is the specific gravity of the oil product .

<Burner fuel consumption>
* Burner standard 1) Main burner: 320,000 kcal / hr x 2 units 2) Auxiliary burner: 80,000 kcal / hr x 2 units * Total heat consumption calculation 800,000 kcal / hr x 2.5 hours = 2,000,000 kcal / Batch
* Fuel consumption calculation 1) Light oil consumption per hour during burner operation: 123.1L
2) Burner operation time: 2.5 hours (150 minutes)
3) Light oil consumption by reaction time: 123.1 L × 2.5 hr = 307.75 L / batch
4) Calorific value calculation with respect to usage: 307.75 L / hr × 9,200 kcal / L (heat amount of light oil = 9,200 kcal per liter) = 2,831,300 kcal / batch

<Energy balance of system>
* Calculation of total heat of gas when using generated gas instead of light oil 375kg / batch x 11,900kcal / kg (heat generated gas) = 4,462,500kcal / batch
* The amount of heat generated gas: (The amount of heat of butane gas + the amount of heat of propane gas) / 2 (∵ generated gas ⇒ LPG)
* Required heat when system 1 is in operation 1) Required amount according to burner standards: 2,000,000 kcal / batch
2) Required amount based on fuel used for 2.5 hours (based on diesel oil): 2,831,300 kcal / batch
* Surplus energy * 462,500kcal / batch-2,831,300kcal / batch = 1,631,200kcal / batch (2.5 hours operation)
* The 1,631,200 kcal / batch remaining as the recovered gas during actual factory operation was used for factory operation.

  According to the oil production system of the present invention, after consuming the necessary energy at the start of operation, the system operation for producing oil is performed by replenishing the gas generated by the oil production system of the present invention. The effect of saving energy consumption due to the maximum is obtained.

  As described above, waste plastics such as plastic waste and polystyrene foam waste and waste tires are pyrolyzed to extract oil, and firstly, plastic waste can be reused to reduce waste disposal costs. Secondly, it has the effect of preventing environmental pollution due to soil and air pollution because there is no need for landfilling and incineration, and third, import substitution is achieved for oil-deficient countries, Fourthly, the end of the gas inlet pipe of the pyrolysis tank is bent to form an inclined surface at the inlet, so that a large amount of the generated gas can be sucked, thereby improving the oil production efficiency. There is.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Waste injection | throwing-in apparatus 10 'Carbide collection | recovery apparatus 11 Hopper 12a Hydraulic cylinder 12b Input pipe 13 Fixed support stand 14 Carbide discharge pipe 15a Recovery part 15b Filtration net 16 Blower 17 Reactor rotation apparatus 20 Primary pyrolysis tank 21 Inclined surface DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 22 Gas discharge pipe 23,23 'Rotation roller 24 Gas suction pipe 25 Rail 25' Carrier 26 Gas discharge pipe flange 30 Heating furnace 31 Double jacket body 32a Door 32b Auxiliary door 33 Burner 34 Fire-resistant brick 35 Flame path 40 Rotating device 41, 41 'Shaft bracket 42 Rotating gas pipe 43 Chain gear 44 Motor 45 Support base 46 Connecting pipe 47 Rotating gas pipe flange 50 Secondary pyrolysis tank 51 Heating plate 52 Ash content removal valve 53 Residual container 54 Backflow prevention device 55 Catalyst stage 56 Blower 60 Condenser 70 Oil-water separator

Claims (12)

Each has a waste input device that inputs waste collected in the hopper and a carbide recovery device that recovers residual carbides;
A primary pyrolysis tank disposed on top of the carrier moving on the rail and connected to an outer surface on the gas discharge pipe for pyrolyzing the waste;
A fire chamber formed to receive the primary pyrolysis tank, a burner for heating the primary pyrolysis tank, and a heating furnace comprising a double jacket body;
A rotating device disposed in the fire chamber of the heating furnace, connected to the rotating gas pipe and connected to the primary pyrolysis tank, for rotating the primary pyrolysis tank;
The gas generated by the primary pyrolysis tank is accommodated through the rotating gas pipe, the gas is re-pyrolyzed to separate the gas and carbide particles, and the gas and carbide A secondary pyrolysis tank for preventing backflow of particles,
A plastic waste pyrolysis / oilification system for condensing the gas pyrolyzed in the secondary pyrolysis tank with a condenser and extracting oil with a gas separator having an oil-water separation filter. The waste input device and the carbide recovery device are:
A waste input device consisting of a hopper with a hydraulic cylinder and input port at the bottom and disposed at the top of the fixed support;
A reaction furnace rotating apparatus including a hydraulic cylinder disposed in the middle of the fixed support base and connected to the fixed support base by a fixed pin;
2. The plastic waste pyrolysis oil conversion system according to claim 1, which is disposed at the bottom of the fixed support base and includes a carbide discharge pipe and a carbide recovery device comprising a recovery part, a filter screen and a blower. The primary pyrolysis tank is:
A rotating roller disposed at both ends of the gas discharge pipe;
A plurality of gas suction pipes that are formed between the rotating rollers on the outer surface of the gas discharge pipe and suck gas;
The thermal decomposition oil conversion system for plastic waste according to claim 1, comprising the plurality of gas suction pipes and a cylindrical body including an inclined surface in an internal space thereof. The heating furnace is
A firebox whose inner wall is formed of refractory bricks;
A burner provided on one side of the firebox;
A double jacket body containing water;
A water supply pipe and a water distribution pipe respectively provided at the upper and lower ends of the double jacket body;
A flame path provided at the upper end of the double jacket body and connected to the fire chamber;
The plastic waste pyrolysis oil conversion system according to claim 1, further comprising: a door and an auxiliary door formed on front and rear surfaces of the heating furnace.   The rotating device includes a chain gear attached to an outer peripheral surface of the rotating gas pipe and attached to a central portion between the shaft brackets; the chain gear is driven by a motor through a chain; One end of a moving gas pipe is connected to the gas discharge pipe of the first pyrolysis tank, and the other end of the rotating gas pipe is rotatably connected to a connecting pipe of the second pyrolysis tank. Item 2. A thermal decomposition oil conversion system for plastic waste according to Item 1.   The secondary pyrolysis tank includes a plurality of heating plates having pores, a connecting pipe having a backflow prevention device, a residue container, an ash removal valve formed at the bottom of the residue container, and the second The plastic waste pyrolysis oil conversion system according to claim 1, further comprising a catalyst stage formed in an upper part of the secondary pyrolysis tank.   The plurality of gas suction pipes are formed so as to penetrate an outer peripheral surface of the gas discharge pipe, and an inlet of the gas suction pipe is formed as an inclined surface that maximizes a suction rate, and includes a metal net. 3. The thermal decomposition oil conversion system for plastic waste according to 3.   The plastic disposal according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of connecting pins project from one side of the gas discharge pipe flange of the primary pyrolysis tank, and a plurality of hook grooves are formed at the other side of the gas discharge pipe flange. Thermal decomposition oil conversion system.   6. The plastic waste according to claim 5, wherein the shaft bracket is formed as an upper and lower bracket having a pair of bushings for supporting the rotating gas pipe, and a lubricating oil inlet is formed on the upper surface of the upper bracket. Thermal decomposition oil conversion system.   The rotating gas pipe and the connecting pipe are connected to each other so that the rotating gas pipe can freely rotate, the connecting pipe being held in a fixed position, and the O-ring and the lubricating packing are The thermal decomposition oil conversion system for plastic waste according to claim 5, which is formed inside the connecting portion. The rotating gas pipe is
A rotating gas pipe flange formed at one end;
A plurality of hook grooves formed on one side surface of the rotating gas pipe flange and fitted with a connecting pin;
A link formed on the upper and lower portions of the outer peripheral surface of the rotating gas pipe flange,
The thermal decomposition oil conversion system for plastic waste according to claim 5, wherein one end of the link is connected to a hinge pin, and the other end of the link is connected to a hydraulic cylinder and a hook. Crushing plastic waste, including waste plastic and polystyrene foam waste, and storing the plastic waste in a hopper;
The primary pyrolysis tank is suspended by a crane and placed on a reactor rotating device, and the position of the primary pyrolysis tank is adjusted by a hydraulic cylinder;
Charging the plastic waste contained in the hopper into the primary pyrolysis tank through an inlet;
The primary pyrolysis tank is suspended by the crane and placed on a carrier arranged on a rail, the primary pyrolysis tank is transferred to a firebox in a heating furnace, the door is closed, and the burner is heated. While rotating the primary pyrolysis tank by a motor;
The gas generated by heating the heating furnace in the primary pyrolysis tank is transferred to the secondary pyrolysis tank through a gas suction pipe, and the gas in the secondary pyrolysis tank is recycled. Pyrolyzed;
Condensing the re-pyrolyzed gas in the secondary pyrolysis tank to produce oil;
A method for thermally decomposing plastic waste, comprising separating water from the oil with an oil-water separator having an oil-water separation filter.

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