JP3100956B2 - Method and apparatus for treating organic solid waste containing waste plastics - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for treating an organic solid waste containing waste plastics such as municipal solid waste and industrial waste, and more particularly, to an efficiency by heating the organic solid waste. The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing a molded product by immediately extruding and heat-forming after dechlorination treatment.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a technique for removing hydrogen chloride generated by thermal decomposition from waste plastics, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No.
JP-A-85554 discloses a method in which a reaction tube comprising an extruder cylinder is heated by a heater to thermally decompose waste plastics, and the generated hydrogen chloride is discharged from gas outlets arranged evenly in the reaction tube to obtain a high boiling chlorine. Methods for preventing the generation of compounds are described. Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-95984
In the publication, sand is circulated and used as a heat medium in an apparatus in which a dechlorination step and a pyrolysis step using a horizontal screw stirring and conveying apparatus are arranged in two stages, and oil is removed from gas generated in the pyrolysis step. A method for recovering oil from recovered waste plastic is described.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 10-95985 discloses that before hot sand and waste plastic are put into a rotary kiln, they are put into a rotary kiln in a state where they are rapidly mixed by a screw conveyor at a stage before the sand and waste plastics. A method is described for recovering oil from waste plastics that is performed and then sent to a pyrolysis process. Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-138246 discloses that waste plastic is put into a preliminary compressor consisting of a horizontal screw provided with a heater on the outer periphery, and heated and compressed to remove foreign materials such as paper. Then, this waste plastic is fed into a reactor consisting of a horizontal screw, after which it is dechlorinated, discharged by a discharge screw, cut into a suitable size by a cutter, and formed into a solid fuel production device. Has been described.

[0004]

The above-mentioned JP-A-10-8
In the technique described in Japanese Patent No. 5554, no consideration is given to the heating method, and therefore, it is expected that the heating state of the organic solid will vary, and the dechlorination efficiency will not increase. In the technique described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 10-95984, it is necessary to separate sand in order to circulate and use the sand, and it is necessary to replenish the amount of damaged sand and to dispose of the sand. The technique described in JP-A-10-95985 is a partial improvement of the dechlorination step by changing the method of mixing sand and waste plastic in the technique described in JP-A-10-95984. The above-mentioned JP-A-10-
The problem of the technique described in Japanese Patent No. 95984 is not improved at all. Furthermore, in JP-A 10-138246 JP techniques, the heating means in the reactor is indirectly heated flowing thermal oil which is heated by a heat medium heater pipes in to case sequencing of the reactor and the twin-screw Since it is a system and it is not possible to directly spray papers contained in wastes, there is a problem that a spare compressor is separately required and the device configuration becomes complicated. In addition, since the waste is compressed in the initial stage, there is a problem that the dechlorination efficiency is low.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and it is an object of the present invention to improve the dechlorination efficiency by consolidating solid waste only in the final stage, and to produce oil generated as a heat carrier by itself. By adding directly using
An object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for treating organic solid waste containing waste plastics, which can cope with the case where papers are contained and which does not require a new replenishment of a heating medium, and which has excellent thermal efficiency. is there.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, a method for treating organic solid waste containing waste plastics according to the present invention comprises an organic solid waste containing waste plastics and paper. Place the object around the heater and / or inside
Upper horizontal screw device with far infrared heater around
Heated and dechlorinated in the oven, and the heated and dechlorinated waste is placed on the outer periphery with a heater and / or on the inner periphery with a far infrared heater.
Heating and extruding in a lower horizontal screw device equipped with a heater, cooling and condensing the oil vapor in the exhaust gas from the heating process and recovering it as liquid oil, and heating the recovered oil to recover low viscosity
After being converted to oil, this low-viscosity recovered oil is circulated and directly added to the waste from the heating and dechlorination process as a heat medium to produce solid waste.
It is configured to uniformly adhere and extrude and extrude the heated and extruded waste (FIGS. 1, 3,
(See FIG. 4).

[0007] As described above, by heating the recovered oil was a low viscosity recovered oil, you cardiovascular and added as a heat medium in the waste in the low viscosity oil recovery heating and dechlorination steps (Fig. 1 (See FIG. 4). The waste is heated by indirect heating with a heater provided on the outer periphery of the heating unit or / and direct heating by a far-infrared heater provided on the inner periphery of the heating unit, and heating by adding recovered oil as a heating medium. you configure to divide (see FIGS. 1 to 4). In this case, the heater provided on the outer periphery of the heating unit is preferably an electric heater.

Further, it is preferable to adjust the amount of the recovered oil to be added so as to maximize the amount of the recovered oil evenly attached to the solid waste. In particular, when paper is contained in the solid waste, the paper has low thermal conductivity and is not easily heated, so that the temperature of the waste is hardly increased and the dechlorination efficiency is poor. In such a case, by adding the recovered oil to the waste and attaching it evenly to the waste, the thermal conductivity of the entire waste including paper is increased, and the waste is easily heated, and the dechlorination efficiency is improved. . That is, the recovered oil serves as a heat carrier. At this time, it is more effective to add a high-temperature recovered oil obtained by heating the recovered oil.

The apparatus for treating organic solid waste containing waste plastics according to the present invention is used as a heating / dechlorination unit for organic solid waste containing waste plastics and paper. An upper horizontal screw device equipped with a heater on the outer circumference and / or a far-infrared heater on the inner circumference, and a heater on the outer circumference and / or on the inner circumference to serve as a heating / extruding part for processing waste from the upper horizontal screw device A lower horizontal screw device equipped with a far-infrared heater, a heat forming section connected to the rear end of the lower horizontal screw device, and cooling and cooling of oil vapor in exhaust gas from a heating / dechlorination section and a heating / extrusion section. A cracked oil recovery unit for condensing and recovering the liquid oil, and a heating means for heating the recovered oil from the cracked oil recovery unit,
A high-temperature recovery oil adding means for adding the high-temperature recovery oil heated by the heating means to the waste in the upper horizontal screw device is provided (see FIGS. 1, 2, and 3).

In this apparatus, the means for heating the recovered oil includes:
An oil sump provided along the inner wall of the dechlorinated product drop tube connecting the upper horizontal screw device and the lower horizontal screw device, and a heater provided on the outer periphery or inside of the oil sump, It is preferable that the high-temperature recovery oil addition means is configured as an oil addition pipe provided with an oil addition pump connected to the oil reservoir (see FIG. 2).

In the apparatus of the present invention, the first half is capable of heating and solidifying organic solid waste containing waste plastics and papers.
A horizontal screw device equipped with a heater on the outer circumference and / or a far-infrared heater on the inner circumference to make the dechlorination section and the second half a heating / extruding section for dechlorinated waste, and this horizontal screw apparatus A cracked oil recovery unit for cooling and condensing the oil vapor in the exhaust gas from the heating / dechlorination unit and the heating / extruding unit to recover the liquid oil, It is characterized by comprising a heating means for heating the recovered oil from the recovery unit, and a high-temperature recovered oil adding means for adding the high-temperature recovered oil heated by the heating means to the waste in the horizontal screw device. (See FIG. 4).

In these apparatuses, a molding cutter section for cutting a molded product into a predetermined size is connected to a heat molding section, and exhaust gas from the molding cutter section is discharged from a heating / dechlorination section and a heating / extrusion section. It is preferable to adopt a configuration in which the gas is introduced into the cracked oil recovery device together with the exhaust gas (FIGS.
(See FIG. 4). It is preferable that the heater provided on the outer periphery of the horizontal screw device be an electric heater.

[0013]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments and can be implemented with appropriate modifications. FIG. 1 shows an apparatus for treating organic solid waste containing waste plastic according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
The case of a two-stage type is shown. Reference numeral 10 denotes an upper horizontal screw device, which is provided with an electric heater 12 intermittently or continuously on the outer periphery thereof to heat and solidify organic solid waste containing waste plastics (hereinafter, may be simply referred to as waste). A dechlorination unit 14 is configured. The upper horizontal screw device 10 has a waste input port 16 at the upper end on the upstream side,
A treatment waste discharge port 18 is provided at the lower end of the other end on the downstream side. The waste input port 16 is connected to a waste feeder 20 (for example, a screw feeder). 22 is a waste hopper.

Reference numeral 24 denotes a lower horizontal screw device in which an electric heater 26 is provided intermittently or continuously on the outer periphery.
A heating / extruding unit 28 for the processing waste heated and dechlorinated by the upper horizontal screw device 10 is configured.
The lower horizontal screw device 24 has a processing waste input port 30 at the upper end on one end on the upstream side, and the thermoforming section 32 is connected to the other end (rear end) on the downstream side. A molding cutter section 34 is connected to the rear end of the heat molding section 32. 36 is a cutter blade, 38 is a cutter blade motor,
Reference numeral 40 denotes a molded product storage unit.

Heating / dechlorination section 14, heating / extruding section 28
And the forming cutter unit 34 includes generated gas discharge lines 42, 4
4 is connected to the cracked oil recovery unit 46. The cracked oil recovery unit 46 is connected to a heating means 50 (to be described in detail later) for heating the recovered oil via a recovered oil line 48. The heating means 50 includes a high-temperature recovered oil adding means for adding heated high-temperature recovered oil (low-viscosity recovered oil) to waste in the upper horizontal screw device 10, for example, an oil addition pump (high-temperature recovered oil pump). ) 52 and flow control valve 5
4 is connected.

The exhaust gas line from the cracked oil recovery unit 46 has HCl for absorbing and removing hydrogen chloride in the exhaust gas.
Absorption tank 58, deodorizing device 60 for deodorizing exhaust gas
Is connected. 62 is an absorption liquid tank for storing an absorption liquid such as an aqueous solution of caustic soda, 64 is a pH meter, and 66 is a blower. The deodorizing device 60 is filled with an adsorbent such as activated carbon. 68 and 70 are screw reduction motors, 7
2, 74 and 76 are pressure gauges, and 78, 80 and 82 are nitrogen gas supply ports for bringing the inside of the system into a nitrogen gas atmosphere. The electric heaters 12, 26 need to have the ability to raise the temperature of the waste in the screw device up to 500 ° C. Also, the generated gas discharge line 4
Preferably, 2 and 44 are covered with a heat insulating material that can withstand a temperature of about 500 ° C. In addition, instead of an electric heater,
It is also possible to use a heater of the type heated by a heating medium.

FIG. 2 shows a heating means 50 for the recovered oil in FIG.
The details of the surrounding cross section are shown. The processing waste discharge port 18 of the upper horizontal screw device 10 shown in FIG. 1 and the processing waste input port 30 of the lower horizontal screw device 24 are connected via a dechlorinated product drop tube 84.
The oil reservoir 86 circulates along the circular wall in the drop tube 84.
An electric heater 8 is provided around the oil sump 86.
8 are provided. The electric heater 88 has a maximum set temperature of about 500 ° C. 90 is a temperature detector, and 92 is a temperature controller. A conical dispersion device 94 is provided in the upper part of the drop tube 84, for example, and has a coarse opening (e.g.
0 mm) is provided with an upper screen 98, and a fine (eg, 2 to 12 m)
m) A lower screen 102 is provided. Note that, instead of the electric heater 88, a heater of a type that heats with a heat medium can be used. Further, a heater in which a pipe through which a heat medium flows is provided in the oil reservoir 86 can be used.

In the apparatus configured as described above, organic solid waste containing waste plastics and papers is supplied to an upper horizontal screw device 10 and heated by an electric heater 12 and at about 300 ° C. Is heated and dechlorinated by adding a high-temperature recovered oil (low-viscosity recovered oil). The treated waste is then dropped 84
Then, it is supplied into the lower horizontal screw device 24. The processing waste dropped into the drop tube 84 is distributed to the dispersion device 9.
In step 4, the liquid falls in the periphery of the drop tube, and the liquid oil and small-particle-size waste in the treated waste pass through the upper screen 98 at the coarse upper screen 98, and the other waste passes through the drop tube 84 as it is. Drop and lower horizontal screw device 2
4 is introduced. The liquid oil and the small particle size waste that have passed through the upper screen 98 are
As a result, only the liquid oil drops into the oil reservoir 86.

The oil reservoir 86 is provided with a cracked oil recovery unit 46.
The recovered oil is supplied at a temperature of 250 to 500 ° C., for example, about 300 ° C. by an electric heater 88. Note that only at the time of starting operation (startup) of the device,
Makeup oil is supplied. The heated high-temperature recovered oil (low-viscosity recovered oil) is added as a heat medium to the waste in the upper horizontal screw device 10 by an added oil line (oil addition pipe) 56 having an oil addition pump 52. . The addition amount of the recovered oil is controlled by the flow control valve 54 of the added oil so as to be equal to or less than the amount that uniformly adheres to the solid waste. When the waste is, for example, municipal waste (including waste plastics and waste papers), the amount of oil to be recovered is 0.01 to 1.5 as the amount of oil added / waste (weight ratio).

The processing waste introduced into the lower horizontal screw device 24 through the drop tube 84 is supplied to the electric heater 26.
Is heated and extruded by the
2 to be molded. The molded product is the molding cutter 3
In 4, it is cut into a predetermined size by the cutter blade 36, formed into a molded product, and put into the molded product storage unit 40. The molded article is effectively used as solid waste fuel (RDF), waste plastic solid fuel (RPF), fertilizer, and the like.

Heating / dechlorination section 14, heating / extruding section 28
The gas generated from the forming cutter unit 34 contains decomposed oil vapor, hydrogen chloride gas, and odorous gas such as ammonia. The generated gas is first supplied to the cracked oil recovery unit 46.
And cooled by a refrigerant (eg, water)
The oil vapor in the generated gas is condensed into liquid oil (recovered oil), and the recovered oil is introduced into the heating means 50 to perform the above-described processing. The gas from the cracked oil recovery unit 46 comes into contact with the absorbing liquid in the HCl absorbing tank 58, and the HCl in the gas is absorbed and removed. Next, the gas from the HCl absorption tank 58 is introduced into the deodorizer 60, and is contacted with the adsorbent to adsorb and remove odor components such as ammonia, and then discharged by the blower 66.

FIG. 3 shows a waste disposal apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, a part or all of the electric heater provided around the upper horizontal screw device 10, for example, only the electric heater in the upper portion around the screw device 10 is replaced with the far-infrared heater 104. This far-infrared heater 104 is provided on the inner surface of the screw device 10. The lower horizontal screw device 24 is connected to the upper horizontal screw device 10.
The same configuration as that described above can be adopted. In the present embodiment, since the waste can be directly heated by the far-infrared heater 104, the heat treatment can be performed efficiently. Other configurations and operations are the same as those in the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 shows a single-stage waste disposal apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Reference numeral 106 denotes a single-stage horizontal screw device. An electric heater 112 is provided on the outer periphery to form a first half as a waste heating / dechlorination section 108 and a second half as a dechlorinated waste heating / extruding section 110.
Is provided. The heat forming section 32 is connected to the rear end of the horizontal screw device 106. The cracked oil recovery unit 46 is connected to the heating / dechlorination unit 108, the heating / extrusion unit 110, and the forming cutter unit 34 via a generated gas discharge line 114. A recovered oil storage tank 116 is connected to a recovered oil line 48 from the cracked oil recovery device 46,
The recovered oil storage tank 116 is provided with a heater 118 for heating the recovered oil. And the recovered oil storage tank 11
6 and the screw device 106 are connected via an oil addition line 56 provided with an oil addition pump 52 and a flow control valve 54. Other configurations and operations are the same as those in the first and second embodiments.

[0024]

As described above, the present invention has the following effects. (1) Since oil generated by decomposing waste plastics in waste is used as a heat medium, it is not necessary to add a new heat medium, which is very economical. (2) Waste heating is performed by indirect heating using a heater such as an electric heater or / and direct heating using a far-infrared heater, and heating by adding recovered oil as a heating medium. Thermal efficiency is improved compared to a heating device. (3) By using recovered oil as heat medium, the thermal conductivity of waste, especially waste including paper, increases.
Dechlorination efficiency is improved. (4) Since the waste is compacted only in the final stage, the dechlorination efficiency is improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an apparatus for treating organic solid waste containing waste plastics according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional detailed view of a portion (heating means) surrounded by a chain line circle in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of a waste disposal apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of a waste disposal apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Upper horizontal screw device 12, 26, 112 Electric heater 14, 108 Heating / dechlorination part 16 Waste inlet 18 Processing waste outlet 20 Quantitative feeder 22 Waste hopper 24 Lower horizontal screw device 28, 110 Heating・ Extrusion unit 30 Processing waste input port 32 Heat molding unit 34 Molding cutter unit 36 Cutter blade 38 Cutter blade motor 40 Molded product storage unit 42,44,114 Generated gas discharge line 46 Cracked oil recovery unit 48 Recovered oil line 50 Heating Means 52 Oil addition pump 54 Flow rate control valve 56 Addition oil line 58 HCl absorption tank 60 Deodorizing device 62 Absorption liquid tank 64 pH meter 66 Blower 68, 70 Screw reduction motor 72, 74, 76 Pressure gauge 78, 80, 82 Nitrogen gas supply Mouth 84 Drop tube for dechlorinated material 86 Oil reservoir 88 Electricity Air heater 90 Temperature detector 92 Temperature controller 94 Dispersion device 96, 100 Opening 98 Upper screen 102 Lower screen 104 Far infrared heater 106 One-stage horizontal screw device 116 Recovered oil storage tank 118 Heater

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Yasutoshi Shoji 3-1-1 Higashi Kawasaki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. Kobe Plant (72) Inventor Hironori Ozaki 1780 Kamikono, Yachiyo-shi, Chiba Kawasaki (56) References JP-A-10-138246 (JP, A) JP-A-9-20892 (JP, A) JP-A-9-71684 (JP, A) (58) Field (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B09B 3/00 B29B 17/00 C08J 11/12 C10G 1/10

Claims (8)

(57) [Claims] 1. An organic solid waste containing waste plastics and paper is heated on the outer periphery and / or distant on the inner periphery.
Heated and dechlorinated in an upper horizontal screw device equipped with an infrared heater , the heated and dechlorinated waste is heated on the outer circumference and / or a far-infrared heater on the inner circumference
Heated and extruded in a horizontal screw device equipped with a lower stage , cooled and condensed oil vapor in the exhaust gas from the heating process and recovered as liquid oil, and heated the recovered oil to recover a low-viscosity recovered oil.
After that, the low-viscosity recovered oil is circulated and directly added as a heat medium to the waste from the heating and dechlorination process to solid waste.
A method for treating organic solid waste containing waste plastics, wherein the heated and extruded waste is adhered evenly and extruded and heated . 2. A method of treating organic solid wastes heater provided in the heating portion periphery contains waste plastics according to claim 1, wherein an electric heater. Amount of 3. A recovered oil, the processing method according to claim 1 or 2 organic solid waste containing waste plastics according to maximize the amount of evenly adhering to solid waste. 4. An upper horizontal screw device having a heater on the outer periphery and / or a far-infrared heater on the inner periphery in order to heat and dechlorinate an organic solid waste containing waste plastics and paper. A lower horizontal screw device equipped with a heater on the outer circumference and / or a far infrared heater on the inner circumference to serve as a heating / extruding section for processing waste from the upper horizontal screw device, and a rear end of the lower horizontal screw device A cracked oil recovery unit for cooling and condensing the oil vapor in the exhaust gas from the heating / dechlorination unit and the heating / extrusion unit to recover the liquid oil. Heating means for heating the recovered oil of the above, and high-temperature recovered oil adding means for adding the high-temperature recovered oil heated by the heating means to the waste in the upper horizontal screw device Processor of organic solid waste containing plastics such. 5. An oil sump provided along an inner wall of a falling pipe of a dechlorinated product, which connects the upper horizontal screw device and the lower horizontal screw device, and a recovery means for heating the recovered oil. The waste plastics-containing organic material according to claim 4 , comprising a heater provided on the outer periphery or inside, and wherein the high-temperature recovery oil adding means is an oil addition pipe provided with an oil addition pump connected to the oil reservoir. Equipment for solid waste. 6. The heating and dechlorination section of the organic solid waste containing waste plastics and papers in the first half, and the heating and extrusion section of the dechlorinated waste in the second half,
A horizontal screw device equipped with a heater on the outer periphery and / or a far-infrared heater on the inner circumference, a heat forming unit connected to the rear end of the horizontal screw device, a heating / dechlorination unit and a heating / extrusion unit Cracked oil recovery unit for cooling and condensing oil vapor in exhaust gas to recover liquid oil, heating means for heating recovered oil from cracked oil recovery unit, and high-temperature recovered oil heated by heating means An apparatus for treating organic solid waste containing waste plastics, comprising: means for adding high-temperature recovered oil to waste in a setting screw device. 7. A molding cutter section for cutting the molded product is connected to the heat molding section, and the exhaust gas from the molding cutter section is introduced into the cracked oil recovery device together with the exhaust gas from the heating / dechlorination section and the heating / extrusion section. Claim 4, 5 or
7. An apparatus for treating organic solid waste containing waste plastics according to 6 . 8. The apparatus for treating organic solid waste containing waste plastics according to claim 4 , wherein the heater provided on the outer periphery of the horizontal screw device is an electric heater.