JP2010286435A - Radar signal processor and radar signal processing method - Google Patents

Radar signal processor and radar signal processing method Download PDF

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JP2010286435A
JP2010286435A JP2009142138A JP2009142138A JP2010286435A JP 2010286435 A JP2010286435 A JP 2010286435A JP 2009142138 A JP2009142138 A JP 2009142138A JP 2009142138 A JP2009142138 A JP 2009142138A JP 2010286435 A JP2010286435 A JP 2010286435A
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azimuth
range data
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JP5491775B2 (en
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Sadami Kosa
定巳 甲佐
Tetsuya Okamoto
徹也 岡本
Junichiro Suzuki
潤一郎 鈴木
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Toshiba Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve processing speed by alleviating a processing load in radar signal processing. <P>SOLUTION: An apparatus for processing a radar signal is equipped with: an input round robin control circuit 71 that distributes and processes received signals of reflected waves per azimuth; a plurality of weight calculation units 72 that calculate a weight for forming synthetic beam to suppress unnecessary waves based on received signals per azimuth; and a beam synthetic device 76 that weighs the received signal per azimuth by a weight to form a synthetic beam. The weight calculation unit 72 divides the received signals per azimuth into a plurality of range data in a distance direction. A first range weight calculation circuit 73 calculates a first weight from a first half of range data. A second range weight calculation circuit 74 calculates a second weight from a second half of the range data. A beam synthesizing circuit 76 weighs the second half of the range data by the first weight, and the first half of the range data by the second weight. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

この発明は、レーダ装置に用いられるレーダ信号処理装置及びレーダ信号処理方法に関し、特に、不要波の抑圧処理を効率的に行うための技術に関する。   The present invention relates to a radar signal processing apparatus and a radar signal processing method used in a radar apparatus, and more particularly to a technique for efficiently performing unnecessary wave suppression processing.

時空間適応信号処理(STAP:Space Time Adaptive Processing)方式では、以下のような処理が行われる。まず、アレー状に配列された複数のアンテナ(素子アンテナ、すなわちチャンネル)により目標反射信号を受信し、その受信信号を、受信パルス幅に対応した幅のレンジ(距離)セル(Range cell)が時間軸上に所定の長さで連なるように形成された、全処理レンジセルの対応セル位置に記憶する。そして、その記憶されたデータから、目標信号を含むと想定されるレンジセル(処理適用レンジセルという)を除いたレンジセル、すなわち不要波のみから形成されると想定されるセルのデータから共分散行列を演算する。最終的に、ビーム合成回路において、その共分散行列に基づき算出された適応ウェイトを用いて、アンテナ受信信号にウェイト制御を施す。   In the space-time adaptive signal processing (STAP) method, the following processing is performed. First, a target reflected signal is received by a plurality of antennas (element antennas, that is, channels) arranged in an array, and the received signal is received by a range cell having a width corresponding to the received pulse width. It memorize | stores in the corresponding cell position of all the process range cells formed so that it might continue on the axis | shaft with predetermined length. Then, from the stored data, the covariance matrix is calculated from the data of the range cell excluding the range cell that is assumed to contain the target signal (referred to as the processing applied range cell), that is, the cell that is assumed to be formed only from unnecessary waves. To do. Finally, the beam combining circuit performs weight control on the antenna reception signal using the adaptive weight calculated based on the covariance matrix.

ところが、STAP方式によるウェイトの算出には行列演算が必須であるため膨大な演算量が発生する。この処理による遅延がリアルタイム処理のレーダ装置へのSTAP方式の適用の障害となっていた。   However, since a matrix operation is indispensable for calculating the weight by the STAP method, a huge amount of calculation occurs. The delay due to this processing has been an obstacle to the application of the STAP method to a real-time processing radar apparatus.

なお、本願に関連する公知文献として次のようなものがある(例えば、特許文献1又は2を参照。)。   In addition, there exist the following as a well-known literature relevant to this application (for example, refer patent document 1 or 2).

特開2008−196921号公報JP 2008-196921 A 特許第4138825号公報Japanese Patent No. 4138825

上述したように、STAP方式によるウェイトの算出には行列演算が必須であり、演算量が膨大であるため、実機への適用には処理の高速化と負荷軽減が課題となっている。   As described above, matrix calculation is indispensable for calculating the weight by the STAP method, and the amount of calculation is enormous. Therefore, high speed processing and load reduction are problems in application to an actual machine.

この発明は上記事情に着目してなされたもので、その目的とするところは、レーダ信号処理における処理負荷を軽減し、処理速度を向上するレーダ信号処理装置及びレーダ信号処理方法を提供することにある。   The present invention has been made paying attention to the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a radar signal processing apparatus and a radar signal processing method that reduce processing load in radar signal processing and improve processing speed. is there.

上記目的を達成するためにこの発明に係るレーダ信号処理装置は、アレーアンテナを介して複数の方位方向にレーダパルスを送信し、目標からの反射波を受信するレーダ装置に設けられるレーダ信号処理装置であって、前記反射波の受信信号を前記方位単位で分配して処理させる分配制御部と、前記分配された方位単位の受信信号をもとに不要波を抑圧するように合成ビームを形成するための複数のウェイトを算出する複数のウェイト算出部と、前記算出されたウェイトにより前記方位単位の受信信号に対して重み付けして前記合成ビームを形成するビーム合成部とを具備し、前記ウェイト算出部は、前記方位単位の受信信号を距離方向に複数のレンジデータに分割し、前記レンジデータの前半部分から第1ウェイトを算出する第1算出処理と、前記レンジデータの後半部分から第2ウェイトを算出する第2ウェイト算出処理とを並列で行い、前記ビーム合成部は、前記第1ウェイトにより前記レンジデータの後半部分を重み付けし、前記第2ウェイトにより前記レンジデータの前半部分を重み付けする。   In order to achieve the above object, a radar signal processing apparatus according to the present invention transmits a radar pulse in a plurality of azimuth directions via an array antenna and receives a reflected wave from a target. A distribution control unit that distributes and processes the received signal of the reflected wave in the azimuth unit, and forms a composite beam so as to suppress unnecessary waves based on the distributed received signal in the azimuth unit. A plurality of weight calculation units for calculating a plurality of weights for the calculation, and a beam combining unit for weighting the received signal in the azimuth unit with the calculated weights to form the combined beam, The unit divides the received signal of the azimuth unit into a plurality of range data in the distance direction, and calculates a first weight from the first half portion of the range data The second weight calculation process for calculating a second weight from the latter half of the range data is performed in parallel, and the beam combining unit weights the latter half of the range data by the first weight, and the second weight To weight the first half of the range data.

また、この発明に係るレーダ信号処理方法は、アレーアンテナを介して複数の方位方向にレーダパルスを送信し、目標からの反射波を受信するレーダ装置に設けられ、前記反射波の受信信号を前記方位単位で分配して分配制御部と、前記分配された方位単位の受信信号をもとに不要波を抑圧するように合成ビームを形成するための複数のウェイトを算出する複数のウェイト算出部と、前記算出されたウェイトにより前記方位単位の受信信号に対して重み付けして前記合成ビームを形成するビーム合成部とを具備するレーダ信号処理装置に用いられる方法であって、前記ウェイト算出部は、前記方位単位の受信信号を距離方向に複数のレンジデータに分割し、前記レンジデータの前半部分から第1ウェイトを算出する第1算出処理と、前記レンジデータの後半部分から第2ウェイトを算出する第2ウェイト算出処理とを並列で行い、前記ビーム合成部は、前記第1ウェイトにより前記レンジデータの後半部分を重み付けし、前記第2ウェイトにより前記レンジデータの前半部分を重み付けするものである。   Further, the radar signal processing method according to the present invention is provided in a radar device that transmits radar pulses in a plurality of azimuth directions via an array antenna and receives a reflected wave from a target. A distribution control unit that distributes in azimuth units, and a plurality of weight calculation units that calculate a plurality of weights for forming a combined beam so as to suppress unnecessary waves based on the received signals in the azimuth units. , A method used in a radar signal processing apparatus comprising a beam combining unit that forms the combined beam by weighting the received signal in the azimuth unit with the calculated weight, wherein the weight calculating unit includes: A first calculation process of dividing the received signal of the azimuth unit into a plurality of range data in the distance direction and calculating a first weight from a first half portion of the range data; A second weight calculation process for calculating a second weight from the latter half of the data is performed in parallel, and the beam combining unit weights the latter half of the range data by the first weight, and the range by the second weight. The first half of the data is weighted.

したがってこの発明によれば、レーダ信号処理における処理負荷を軽減し、処理速度を向上するレーダ信号処理装置及びレーダ信号処理方法を提供することができる。   Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a radar signal processing device and a radar signal processing method that reduce the processing load in radar signal processing and improve the processing speed.

本発明に係るレーダ信号処理装置を備えたレーダ装置の一実施形態を示す機能ブロック図。The functional block diagram which shows one Embodiment of the radar apparatus provided with the radar signal processing apparatus which concerns on this invention. 図1に示す入力ラウンドロビン制御回路の動作を示す図。The figure which shows the operation | movement of the input round robin control circuit shown in FIG. 図1に示すウェイト算出部の動作を示す図。The figure which shows operation | movement of the weight calculation part shown in FIG.

以下、図面を参照しながら本発明の実施の形態を詳細に説明する。
図1は、本発明に係るレーダ信号処理装置を適用したレーダ装置の構成例を示したものである。なお、図1において、本発明に係るレーダ信号処理装置は、時空間適応信号処理部7として実装される。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a configuration example of a radar apparatus to which a radar signal processing apparatus according to the present invention is applied. In FIG. 1, the radar signal processing apparatus according to the present invention is implemented as a spatiotemporal adaptive signal processing unit 7.

このレーダ装置は、アダプティブアレーアンテナ1と、受信部2と、リファレンス信号推定部3と、リファレンス信号生成部4と、励振部5と、時空間適応信号処理部7とを備える。   The radar apparatus includes an adaptive array antenna 1, a receiving unit 2, a reference signal estimation unit 3, a reference signal generation unit 4, an excitation unit 5, and a space-time adaptive signal processing unit 7.

アダプティブアレーアンテナ1は、M個のアンテナ素子によりレーダパルスの目標反射信号を受信する。この各アンテナ素子出力は、それぞれ受信部2で受信検波される。   The adaptive array antenna 1 receives a target reflected signal of a radar pulse by M antenna elements. Each antenna element output is received and detected by the receiving unit 2.

ここで、一部のアンテナ素子出力はリファレンス信号推定部3に送られ、受信信号の振幅・位相の基準として用いられる。励振部5は、リファレンス信号推定部3及びリファレンス信号生成部4を定期的に励振させて、所定距離相当のレンジセルそれぞれのウェイト算出のためのリファレンス信号を推定し生成する。   Here, a part of the antenna element output is sent to the reference signal estimation unit 3 and used as a reference for the amplitude and phase of the received signal. The excitation unit 5 periodically excites the reference signal estimation unit 3 and the reference signal generation unit 4 to estimate and generate a reference signal for weight calculation of each range cell corresponding to a predetermined distance.

時空間適応信号処理部7は、入力ラウンドロビン制御回路71と、N個のウェイト算出部72と、出力ラウンドロビン制御回路75と、ビーム合成回路76とを備える。各ウェイト算出部72は、第1レンジウェイト算出回路73と、第2レンジウェイト算出回路74とを備える。   The space-time adaptive signal processing unit 7 includes an input round robin control circuit 71, N weight calculation units 72, an output round robin control circuit 75, and a beam synthesis circuit 76. Each weight calculation unit 72 includes a first range weight calculation circuit 73 and a second range weight calculation circuit 74.

上記受信部2のアンテナ受信信号は、時空間適応信号処理部7に送られる。時空間適応信号処理部7は、入力ラウンドロビン制御回路71において、ラウンドロビン方式で、処理を行うウェイト算出部72にアンテナ受信信号を方位単位に分配する。図2に、アンテナ受信信号を方位単位にウェイト算出部72に分配した様子を示す。ウェイト算出部72は、分配された方位単位の受信信号をもとに不要波を抑圧するように合成ビームを形成するための複数のウェイトを算出する。   The antenna reception signal of the receiving unit 2 is sent to the space-time adaptive signal processing unit 7. The spatio-temporal adaptive signal processing unit 7 distributes the antenna reception signal to the weight calculation unit 72 that performs processing in the round-robin method in the input round robin control circuit 71 in units of directions. FIG. 2 shows a state in which the antenna reception signal is distributed to the weight calculation unit 72 in azimuth units. The weight calculation unit 72 calculates a plurality of weights for forming a combined beam so as to suppress unnecessary waves based on the distributed reception signals in azimuth units.

図3は、ウェイト算出部72におけるウェイト算出処理の流れを示したものである。上記方位単位に分配されたアンテナ受信信号は、ウェイト算出部72において、PRI(Pulse Repetition Interval)の全レンジデータのうち、前半部分のレンジデータを第1レンジウェイト算出回路73に、後半部分のレンジデータを第2レンジウェイト算出回路74にそれぞれ分配して、その方位単位の距離方向をレンジ分割し、レンジ分割単位に処理する複数のプロセッサの間で分業させる。第1レンジウェイト算出回路73及び第2レンジウェイト算出回路74は並列に処理することでウェイト算出処理のリアルタイム性を確保することができる。   FIG. 3 shows a flow of weight calculation processing in the weight calculation unit 72. The antenna reception signal distributed in the azimuth unit is converted by the weight calculation unit 72 from the first range weight calculation circuit 73 to the first range weight calculation circuit 73 out of the entire range data of PRI (Pulse Repetition Interval). The data is distributed to the second range weight calculation circuit 74, the distance direction of the azimuth unit is divided into ranges, and the work is divided among a plurality of processors that process the range division units. The first range weight calculation circuit 73 and the second range weight calculation circuit 74 can ensure the real-time property of the weight calculation process by processing in parallel.

ウェイト算出部72は、目標信号を含むと想定されるレンジセルを除いたレンジセル、すなわち不要波のみから形成されると想定されるセルのデータから共分散行列を演算する。出力ラウンドロビン制御回路75は、ラウンドロビンで処理を行ったウェイト算出部72からウェイト演算結果及びアンテナ受信信号を入力し、ビーム合成回路76に出力する。   The weight calculation unit 72 calculates a covariance matrix from data of a range cell excluding a range cell assumed to include a target signal, that is, a cell assumed to be formed only from unnecessary waves. The output round robin control circuit 75 receives the weight calculation result and the antenna reception signal from the weight calculation unit 72 processed by round robin, and outputs the result to the beam combining circuit 76.

最終的に、ビーム合成回路76において、その共分散行列に基づき算出された適応ウェイトによりアンテナ受信信号にウェイト制御を施して出力データとする。   Finally, the beam combining circuit 76 performs weight control on the antenna reception signal with the adaptive weight calculated based on the covariance matrix to obtain output data.

以上述べたように、本実施形態によれば、目標反射信号の受信信号を方位単位で複数のウェイト算出部72によりラウンドロビン方式で処理し、さらに、方位単位の受信信号を距離方向にレンジ分割し、レンジデータの前半部分と後半部分とでウェイト算出処理を並列して行うようにしたものである。このように構成することにより、時空間適応信号処理の処理負荷が軽減し、処理速度が向上する。   As described above, according to the present embodiment, the received signal of the target reflected signal is processed in a round robin manner by the plurality of weight calculation units 72 in the azimuth unit, and the received signal in the azimuth unit is further divided in the range in the distance direction. The weight calculation processing is performed in parallel in the first half and the second half of the range data. With this configuration, the processing load of the spatiotemporal adaptive signal processing is reduced, and the processing speed is improved.

また、目標信号がウェイト演算用データに混入していた場合、算出したウェイトをアンテナ受信信号にそのまま適用すると、当該目標は抑圧されてしまう。そこで、図3に示したように、取得したレンジデータを前半部分と後半部分とに分割してそれぞれウェイトを算出し、例えば、レンジデータの前半から算出したウェイト(第1ウェイト)はレンジデータの後半に適用し、レンジデータの後半から算出したウェイト(第2ウェイト)はレンジデータの前半に適用することで、目標の抑圧を回避することができ不要信号の抑圧性能の向上が期待できる。   Further, when the target signal is mixed in the weight calculation data, if the calculated weight is directly applied to the antenna reception signal, the target is suppressed. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, the acquired range data is divided into the first half and the second half, and weights are calculated respectively. For example, the weight (first weight) calculated from the first half of the range data is the range data. By applying the weight (second weight) calculated from the second half of the range data to the first half of the range data, target suppression can be avoided and an improvement in unnecessary signal suppression performance can be expected.

さらに、ウェイト算出部72から、ウェイト算出に用いたアンテナ受信信号をウェイトと共に出力することで、受信データを蓄積しておく記憶装置が不要となり、ハードウェアの簡素化が期待できる。   Further, by outputting the antenna reception signal used for weight calculation together with the weight from the weight calculation unit 72, a storage device for storing received data becomes unnecessary, and simplification of hardware can be expected.

なお、この発明は、上記実施形態そのままに限定されるものではなく、実施段階ではその要旨を逸脱しない範囲で構成要素を変形して具体化できる。また、上記実施形態に開示されている複数の構成要素の適宜な組み合せにより種々の発明を形成できる。例えば、実施形態に示される全構成要素から幾つかの構成要素を削除してもよい。さらに、異なる実施形態に亘る構成要素を適宜組み合せてもよい。   Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment as it is, and can be embodied by modifying the constituent elements without departing from the scope of the invention in the implementation stage. Further, various inventions can be formed by appropriately combining a plurality of constituent elements disclosed in the embodiment. For example, some components may be deleted from all the components shown in the embodiment. Furthermore, you may combine suitably the component covering different embodiment.

1…アダプティブアレーアンテナ、2…受信部、3…リファレンス信号推定部、4…リファレンス信号生成部、5…励振部、7…時空間適応信号処理部、71…入力ラウンドロビン制御回路、72…ウェイト算出回路、73…第1レンジウェイト算出回路、74…第2レンジウェイト算出回路、75…出力ラウンドロビン制御回路、76…ビーム合成回路。   DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Adaptive array antenna, 2 ... Reception part, 3 ... Reference signal estimation part, 4 ... Reference signal generation part, 5 ... Excitation part, 7 ... Spatio-temporal adaptive signal processing part, 71 ... Input round robin control circuit, 72 ... Weight Calculation circuit 73... First range weight calculation circuit 74. Second range weight calculation circuit 75. Output round robin control circuit 76.

Claims (4)

アレーアンテナを介して複数の方位方向にレーダパルスを送信し、目標からの反射波を受信するレーダ装置に設けられるレーダ信号処理装置であって、
前記反射波の受信信号を前記方位単位で分配して処理させる分配制御部と、
前記分配された方位単位の受信信号をもとに不要波を抑圧するように合成ビームを形成するための複数のウェイトを算出する複数のウェイト算出部と、
前記算出されたウェイトにより前記方位単位の受信信号に対して重み付けして前記合成ビームを形成するビーム合成部と
を具備し、
前記ウェイト算出部は、前記方位単位の受信信号を距離方向に複数のレンジデータに分割し、前記レンジデータの前半部分から第1ウェイトを算出する第1算出処理と、前記レンジデータの後半部分から第2ウェイトを算出する第2ウェイト算出処理とを並列で行い、
前記ビーム合成部は、前記第1ウェイトにより前記レンジデータの後半部分を重み付けし、前記第2ウェイトにより前記レンジデータの前半部分を重み付けすることを特徴とするレーダ信号処理装置。
A radar signal processing device provided in a radar device that transmits radar pulses in a plurality of azimuth directions via an array antenna and receives a reflected wave from a target,
A distribution control unit that distributes and processes the received signal of the reflected wave in the azimuth unit;
A plurality of weight calculation units for calculating a plurality of weights for forming a combined beam so as to suppress unnecessary waves based on the distributed reception signals of the azimuth units;
A beam combining unit that forms the combined beam by weighting the received signal in the azimuth unit by the calculated weight;
The weight calculation unit divides the reception signal of the azimuth unit into a plurality of range data in the distance direction, calculates a first weight from the first half of the range data, and from the second half of the range data In parallel with the second weight calculation process for calculating the second weight,
The radar signal processing apparatus, wherein the beam combining unit weights the second half of the range data by the first weight and weights the first half of the range data by the second weight.
前記分配制御部は、前記方位単位の受信信号をラウンドロビン方式で前記ウェイト算出部に処理させることを特徴とする請求項1記載のレーダ信号処理装置。   The radar signal processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the distribution control unit causes the weight calculation unit to process the reception signal of the azimuth unit in a round robin manner. アレーアンテナを介して複数の方位方向にレーダパルスを送信し、目標からの反射波を受信するレーダ装置に設けられ、前記反射波の受信信号を前記方位単位で分配して分配制御部と、前記分配された方位単位の受信信号をもとに不要波を抑圧するように合成ビームを形成するための複数のウェイトを算出する複数のウェイト算出部と、前記算出されたウェイトにより前記方位単位の受信信号に対して重み付けして前記合成ビームを形成するビーム合成部とを具備するレーダ信号処理装置に用いられる方法であって、
前記ウェイト算出部は、前記方位単位の受信信号を距離方向に複数のレンジデータに分割し、前記レンジデータの前半部分から第1ウェイトを算出する第1算出処理と、前記レンジデータの後半部分から第2ウェイトを算出する第2ウェイト算出処理とを並列で行い、
前記ビーム合成部は、前記第1ウェイトにより前記レンジデータの後半部分を重み付けし、前記第2ウェイトにより前記レンジデータの前半部分を重み付けすることを特徴とするレーダ信号処理方法。
A radar device that transmits radar pulses in a plurality of azimuth directions via an array antenna and receives a reflected wave from a target, and distributes the received signal of the reflected wave in the azimuth unit; A plurality of weight calculation units for calculating a plurality of weights for forming a combined beam so as to suppress unnecessary waves based on the distributed reception signals of the azimuth units, and reception of the azimuth units by the calculated weights A method for use in a radar signal processing apparatus comprising a beam combining unit that weights a signal to form the combined beam,
The weight calculation unit divides the reception signal of the azimuth unit into a plurality of range data in the distance direction, calculates a first weight from the first half of the range data, and from the second half of the range data In parallel with the second weight calculation process for calculating the second weight,
The beam combining unit weights the latter half of the range data with the first weight, and weights the first half of the range data with the second weight.
前記分配制御部は、前記方位単位の受信信号をラウンドロビン方式で前記ウェイト算出部に処理させることを特徴とする請求項3記載のレーダ信号処理方法。   The radar signal processing method according to claim 3, wherein the distribution control unit causes the weight calculation unit to process the reception signal in the azimuth unit in a round robin manner.
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