JP2010270427A - Spun yarn and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a spun yarn utilizing specificity possessed by fibers with a small amount of the fibers by the exposure of the fibers having the specificity to the surface in the spun yarn; to provide a method for producing the spun yarn; to provide an apparatus for producing the spun yarn; and to provide a fabric. <P>SOLUTION: A fiber bundle which passes through a front roller 4 at a quick peripheral speed is twisted together with a fiber bundle which passes through the front roller 4 at a slow peripheral speed by passing the two fiber bundles through the front rollers 4 at the different peripheral speeds. In the process, since the fiber bundle which passes through the front roller 4 at the quick peripheral speed is longer than the fiber bundle which passes through the front roller 4 at the slow peripheral speed, flections are caused. Thus, the fiber bundle which passes through the front roller 4 at the quick peripheral speed is more exposed to the surface by the extent causing the flections. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a spun yarn in which fibers having excellent specificity such as texture are exposed on the surface and a method for producing the spun yarn, and more specifically, a production apparatus for producing spun yarn, and a fabric formed by including the spun yarn. About.

  Fabrics, knitted fabrics, non-woven fabrics, etc. that use synthetic fibers such as polyester and acrylic, or short fiber spun yarns made from natural fibers, such as rayon, cotton, hemp, animal hair, silk, etc. Widely used because of its excellent properties such as soft touch and heat retention.

  In order to obtain a spun yarn having a soft feel and specificity such as moisture retention from the surface fluff feeling as described above, fibers having specificity such as touch and moisture retention are selectively used in the preparation of the spun yarn. Therefore, it is necessary to expose the fiber having the specificity to the surface of the spun yarn.

  As described above, in order to expose the target fiber on the surface of the spun yarn, a method of making all the fibers used have excellent specificity such as touch, or a fiber that has excellent sliver touch and the like considering cost. A method of synthesizing fibers other than those is generally used. As described above, since a fiber having excellent specificity is expensive, a spun yarn that can exhibit the effect of a fiber having low specificity and excellent specificity has been desired. In addition, in the synthetic fiber method, the cost can be reduced, but only 50% of the fibers having specificity can be exposed on the surface, so that the spun yarn with increased exposure to the surface while maintaining the cost reduction can be obtained. It was further desired.

  As a solution to this problem, in Patent Document 1, a filament having excellent strength such as nylon is used as a core yarn, and a sliver or a coarse yarn having excellent specificity such as touch is supplied to the core yarn while being fed at a constant speed. Thus, a method for producing spun yarn has been proposed which is excellent in physical properties such as tensile strength and has a good surface feel. However, in the spun yarn produced by this method, the core yarn and the roving yarn or sliver wound around the core yarn are not entangled, so that the roving yarn or sliver wound on the surface is partially damaged. In this case, there is a problem that parts other than the core yarn are unwound.

  Accordingly, there has been a demand for a spun yarn in which a fiber having specificity is exposed on the surface of the spun yarn, a method for producing the spun yarn, and a production apparatus, in which the coarse yarn or the sliver cannot be unwound from the core yarn as described above.

JP-A-2005-290601

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described background, and an object of the present invention is to provide a spun yarn in which many fibers having specificity in the spun yarn are exposed on the surface, a method for producing the spun yarn, an apparatus for producing the spun yarn, and the spun yarn. It is an object of the present invention to provide a fabric using yarn.

  As a result of diligent research, the present inventors have found that a spun yarn having an improved surface exposure rate of fibers having specificity can be produced by the improved spun yarn production apparatus shown in FIG. Has been reached.

  In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is an invention relating to a method for producing a spun yarn of the present invention, wherein a sliver in which a large number of fibers are aligned in a length direction is provided as a back roller portion. In a spinning method in which the sliver is drafted by passing through an apron type cradle part and a front roller part in order, and a thin fiber bundle is wound around a rotating bobbin and twisted to produce a yarn, at least one kind of fiber Two slivers made of the above are passed through a back roller part and an apron cradle part, and then supplied to a front roller part having two pairs of rollers having different peripheral speeds, and the front roller part (A ) Is twisted so that the fiber bundle (I) that has passed through the front roller portion (B) that has passed through the front roller portion (B) having a low peripheral speed is positioned substantially outside A method for producing a spun yarn, characterized.

  In the spun yarn manufacturing apparatus shown in FIG. 1, the peripheral speeds of the back roller 1, the apron cradle 3, and the front roller 4 increase in the order of the back roller 1 <apron cradle 3 <front roller 4. The sliver is drafted due to the difference. In the front roller portion, bottom rollers having different outer diameters are used in order to vary the peripheral speed. Since the peripheral speed difference is determined by the outer diameter ratio of the bottom roller to be used, the outer diameter ratio of the bottom roller can be changed according to the purpose.

  Then, as in the conventional ring spinning apparatus, the back roller 1 and the apron cradle 3 are arranged so that a single fiber of a natural fiber sliver such as drafted animal hair fiber is not cut between each pair of rollers. And the distance between the apron cradle 3 and the front roller 4 are set to be equal to or greater than the maximum fiber length of the sliver.

  According to the manufacturing apparatus of the present invention having the above-described configuration, the sliver is drafted sequentially through the back roller 1, the apron cradle 3, and the front roller 4, so that the sliver is sequentially narrowed, and the front roller portions having different peripheral speeds. As one of the drafted fiber bundles is exposed to the surface as it passes through the yarn, it is wound around a bobbin as a spun yarn Y that is twisted by the rotation of the spindle 6.

  Next, the role and effect of the front roller part having different peripheral speeds will be described. The sliver is drafted while sequentially passing from the back roller 1 to the front roller 4, and after passing through the front roller 4, it is twisted to obtain a spun yarn.

  As described above, the draft can be applied while sequentially passing from the back roller 1 to the front roller 4. However, by providing the bottom rollers having different peripheral speeds, the draft rate differs between the two slivers to be supplied, and the peripheral speed is The length of the fiber bundle passing through the front roller varies depending on the difference, and the fiber bundle (I) that passes through the front roller portion (A) having a high peripheral speed passes through the front roller portion (B) having a low peripheral speed. When twisted with (II), the fiber bundle (I) is longer than the fiber bundle (II), so that bending occurs, and the fiber bundle (I) is exposed to the surface by the amount of bending.

  The front roller portion is provided with a top roller so as to be paired with the bottom roller. The outer diameter of the top roller is adjusted according to the outer diameter of the bottom roller, and is adjusted so that there is no gap between the top roller and the bottom roller. For example, the shape shown in FIG. 2 is mentioned.

  Next, according to a second aspect of the present invention, in the spun yarn manufacturing method according to the first aspect, the peripheral speed ratio between the front rollers (A) and (B) is in the range of 1.01-1.26. It is characterized by that.

  The peripheral speed ratio between the front rollers (A) and (B) is preferably in the range of 1.01-1.26, more preferably in the range of 1.1-1.19.

  Next, according to the invention of claim 3, in the state of the outer surface of the spun yarn obtained by twisting two slivers made of at least one kind of fiber, one of the two slivers is more than the other sliver. The spun yarn is characterized by having a surface exposure rate of 51% or more and 100% or less. The surface exposure rate is the ratio of the surface area of the sliver exposed more on the outer surface of the produced spun yarn out of the two slivers made of at least one kind of fiber.

  As described above, the surface exposure rate is preferably 51% or more and 100% or less, and more preferably 65% or more and 100% or less. Further, by increasing the surface exposure rate, a spun yarn having excellent specificity can be obtained with a small amount of fibers.

  Next, the invention of claim 4 is the spun yarn of claim 3, wherein the sliver is at least one selected from the group consisting of polyester, acrylic, polyamide, rayon, cotton, hemp, animal hair, and silk. It is characterized by that. The spun yarn of the present invention can be selectively selected from polyester, acrylic, polyamide, rayon, cotton, hemp, animal hair and silk in order to exert the desired specificity and can be used as a sliver. A sliver mixed with the above fibers can also be used.

  When the animal hair fibers are used, it is preferable to use, for example, wool, cashmere, mohair, camel, angora and the like. In addition, by using cashmere as a sliver on the side exposed to the surface, it is possible to produce a spun yarn having high moisture absorption / release characteristics and excellent texture and touch at a lower cost than conventional spun yarn. .

  Next, the invention of claim 5 relates to a fabric formed by including the spun yarn of claim 3 or 4. The “fabric” here is, for example, a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, a non-woven fabric, or the like. The woven structure of the woven fabric can be applied to basic structures such as plain weave, twill weave and satin weaving, and a change structure derived from the weaving structure and laminated structure, and is not limited. By selectively using a fiber having specificity as in the present invention, it is possible to produce a woven fabric or a knitted fabric excellent in heat retention and touch.

  Next, the invention of claim 6 is the spun yarn according to claim 3 or 4, wherein at least one of the sliver is mixed with a soluble polyvinyl alcohol (hereinafter referred to as PVA) fiber staple bundle. It is an invention related to the characteristic PVA hybrid spun yarn.

  The said PVA fiber can use the common thing marketed. The PVA fiber preferably has a water dissolution temperature of 100 ° C. or less. If the temperature exceeds 100 ° C., not only the danger in work increases, but also the cost of heat energy and the like increases in the dissolution and removal process. Accordingly, the dissolution temperature in water is preferably 60 ° C. or lower, more preferably 50 ° C. or lower, and further preferably 40 ° C. or lower. The dissolution temperature in water is such that when a load of 2 mg / dtex is suspended on a 4 cm long fiber, immersed in water at 0 ° C., and the temperature of the water is increased at a rate of temperature increase of 2 ° C / min, It was set as the temperature which melts.

  The PVA fiber preferably has a maximum shrinkage in water of 20% or less. This is because, when only PVA fibers are dissolved and removed from a blended product of PVA fibers and other water-insoluble fibers with water, the dimensional change of the blended product becomes large, resulting in a problem that the shape and physical properties of the blended product are impaired. The maximum shrinkage in water is more preferably 15% or less.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the tensile strength of the PVA fiber used by this invention is 4 cN / dtex or more. If the tensile strength is less than 4 cN / dtex, troubles are likely to occur in the spun yarn process and the weaving and weaving process. In addition, physical properties such as spun yarn and woven or knitted fabric are deteriorated.

  Next, the invention of claim 7 is characterized in that, in the PVA hybrid spun yarn described in claim 6, the content of the PVA fiber mixed with the sliver is in the range of 5 wt% or more and 40 wt% or less. . The sliver in which PVA fibers are mixed may be either a fiber bundle with a high exposure rate and / or a fiber bundle with a low exposure rate.

  If the content of the PVA fiber is less than 5 wt%, characteristics such as weight reduction and bulkiness obtained when the PVA fiber is dissolved and removed in a subsequent process do not contribute much. Moreover, when the content rate of PVA fiber is higher than 40 wt%, when the PVA fiber is dissolved and removed, the mechanical properties of the spun yarn or the fabric are lost, which is not preferable.

  Next, the invention of claim 8 is an invention relating to a bulky fabric obtained by dissolving and removing the PVA fibers from a fabric formed to contain the PVA hybrid yarn of claim 7. By dissolving and removing the PVA fibers, it is possible to provide a fabric that has a soft feel, is flexible, is lightweight, and has excellent heat retention.

  The timing of dissolving and removing the PVA fibers is not limited to the stage of processing into a fabric. The PVA fiber staple bundle may be mixed and dissolved and removed when the spun yarn is obtained. However, it is preferable to dissolve and remove the spun yarn at the stage where the spun yarn is processed into a fabric or the like in terms of strength and workability.

  Next, the invention of claim 9 is an invention relating to the spun yarn manufacturing apparatus of the present invention, wherein a sliver in which a large number of fibers are aligned in the length direction is replaced with a back roller part, an apron cradle part and a front roller. In the spinning device for producing the yarn by twisting while winding the thin fiber bundle around the rotating bobbin by passing the sliver sequentially through the part, the front roller part is a front roller part having a different peripheral speed. A spinning device characterized by comprising a spinning device.

  The spinning device of the present invention varies the peripheral speed by providing bottom rollers having different outer diameters in the front roller portion. The outer diameter of the bottom roller is preferably in the range of 20 mm to 40 mm. More preferably, it is 25 mm or more and 35 mm or less. This is because when the length is less than 20 mm, the amount of movement of the fiber bundle decreases, so that the bending becomes less and the surface exposure rate decreases. On the other hand, if it is larger than 40 mm, the amount of movement of the fiber bundle becomes large, and the fiber becomes too thin, so that the mechanical properties are deteriorated.

  The spun yarn of the present invention is a spun yarn whose surface specificity and the like can be adjusted by selectively exposing the target fiber on the surface. Fabrics and knitted fabrics using the spun yarn depend on the fiber specificity exposed on the surface. We can provide products with excellent heat retention and touch. In addition, by providing a front roller portion having a different peripheral speed in the front roller portion of the apparatus, a fiber bundle sent at a high speed bends around the fiber bundle sent at a low speed, and the amount of bending is increased on the surface. Since the fiber bundle is exposed and then drawn and twisted, it is possible to provide a method for producing a spun yarn having a soft touch and heat retaining properties depending on the type of fiber on the exposed side. Furthermore, a PVA fiber staple bundle is mixed with one sliver to obtain a PVA hybrid spun yarn, then processed into a fabric, etc., and a PVA fiber is dissolved and removed to provide a lighter and softer textile product. Can do.

1 is a schematic diagram of a spun yarn manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention. It is the schematic of a front roller part.

Hereinafter, the embodiment of the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples. In addition, evaluation of this invention was performed with the measuring device and measurement conditions as described below.
(1) Observation of surface exposure rate: stereomicroscope (manufactured by Nippon Optical Co., Ltd., SMZ-10-3)
Digital video camera (connected to stereo microscope)
Measurement index: Slide glass with a grid (1 square 0.1 mm)
Calculation of surface exposure rate: Fiber surface area with high surface exposure rate / spun yarn of observation range
Surface area x 100
Observation magnification: 100 times Observation method: Place the measured spun yarn on the measurement index and observe

  In the present apparatus shown in FIG. 1, two types of bottom rollers having bottom roller diameters of 31 mm and 27 mm are installed as front roller portions having different peripheral speeds. As a result, the peripheral speed ratio of the front roller portion was 1.15. The 80th wool fiber sliver 1 and 100% cashmere sliver 2 are supplied to the apparatus, and after passing the sliver 1 through a 27 mm diameter bottom roller and the sliver 2 through a 31 mm bottom roller, the spun yarn is 640Z twisted. Obtained.

  When the surface exposure rate of the produced spun yarn was measured using a stereomicroscope, the surface exposure rate of the sliver 2 was 70.3%. Therefore, a spun yarn having the moisture absorption and texture of cashmere was obtained.

  The bottom roller diameter 31 mm described in Example 1 was changed to 30 mm, and the peripheral speed ratio was set to 1.11. Further, a spun yarn was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the sliver 2 was changed to a hybrid sliver 3 in which an 80th wool fiber sliver and silk were mixed at a ratio of 50:50.

  When the surface exposure rate of the produced spun yarn was measured, the surface exposure rate of the sliver 3 was 68%. Therefore, a glossy spun yarn in which silk accounted for 34% of the surface was obtained.

  The bottom roller diameter 31 mm described in Example 1 was changed to 32 mm, and the peripheral speed ratio was 1.19. Example except that sliver 2 was changed to hybrid sliver 4 in which 80th wool fiber sliver and PVA fiber staple bundle (Kuraray Trading Co., Ltd .: Claron K-II brand WN4) were mixed at a ratio of 50:50. A spun yarn was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.

  When the surface exposure rate of the produced spun yarn was measured, the surface exposure rate of the sliver 4 was 78%.

  A plain fabric with a warp density of 40 yarns / inch and a weft density of 40 yarns / inch was prepared using the spun yarn, and PVA fibers were dissolved and removed in hot water at 60 ° C. to obtain a bulky fabric. The bulky woven fabric thus obtained had a soft bulge, had a soft texture, was light in weight, was soft to the touch, comfortable to wear, and excellent in moisture retention.

(Comparative Example 1)
A spun yarn was produced in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the bottom roller diameter 30 mm described in Example 2 was changed to 27 mm and the peripheral speed ratio was set to 1.

  When the surface exposure rate of the produced spun yarn was measured, the surface exposure rate of the sliver 3 was 50%. Therefore, a spun yarn having a slightly weak luster with silk accounting for 25% of the surface was obtained.

  The spun yarn of the present invention suppresses the amount of fiber that has been required to have specificities in the past and has the same specificity as that of the prior art. Suitable for clothing use.

1 Back roller 2 Middle roller 3 Apron cradle 4 Front roller 5 Spinning yarn 6 Spindle 7 Ring 8 Bobbin 9 Collector S Sliver A1 Bottom roller B1 Bottom roller A2 Top roller B2 Top roller

Claims (9)

While passing a sliver with a large number of fibers aligned in the length direction sequentially through the back roller part, apron cradle part and front roller part, drafting the sliver and winding the thin fiber bundle around a rotating bobbin In the spinning method of producing yarn by twisting,
Two slivers made of at least one kind of fiber are passed through a back roller part and an apron type cradle part, and then supplied to a front roller part having two pairs of rollers having different peripheral speeds, and the front roller part has a high peripheral speed. A spun yarn characterized by being twisted so that the fiber bundle (I) that has passed through the front roller portion (A) is positioned substantially outside the fiber bundle (II) that has passed through the front roller portion (B) having a low peripheral speed. Manufacturing method.   The method for producing a spun yarn according to claim 1, wherein a peripheral speed ratio between the front roller portions (A) and (B) is in a range of 1.01-1.26.   In the state of the outer surface of the spun yarn obtained by twisting two slivers made of at least one type of fiber, one of the two slivers is more exposed on the outer surface of the spun yarn than the other sliver, and the surface exposure A spun yarn having a rate of 51% to 100%.   The spun yarn according to claim 3, wherein the sliver is at least one selected from the group consisting of polyester, acrylic, polyamide, rayon, cotton, hemp, animal hair, and silk.   A fabric formed by including the spun yarn according to claim 3 or 4.   The PVA hybrid spun yarn according to claim 3 or 4, wherein a soluble polyvinyl alcohol (hereinafter referred to as PVA) fiber staple bundle is mixed with at least one of the sliver.   The PVA hybrid spun yarn according to claim 6, wherein the content of the PVA fiber mixed with the sliver is in the range of 5 wt% to 40 wt%.   A bulky fabric obtained by dissolving and removing the PVA fibers from a fabric formed including the PVA hybrid spun yarn according to claim 7.   While passing a sliver with a large number of fibers aligned in the length direction sequentially through the back roller part, apron cradle part and front roller part, drafting the sliver and winding the thin fiber bundle around a rotating bobbin A spinning device for producing a yarn by twisting, wherein the front roller portion includes front roller portions having different peripheral speeds.