JP2010248891A - Floor structure excellent in fire-resistant capability - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a floor structure which can enhance fire-resistant capability at low cost without remarkably increasing weight. <P>SOLUTION: In the floor structure, a ceiling material is supported in a lower part of a floor, the bottom side of the floor is covered with the ceiling material while an underfloor metal plate with the infrared reflectance of a floor undersurface increased to 0.4 or higher to 1.0 or lower is installed in the floor undersurface. In addition, a metal plate for a ceiling is installed on at least either an upper surface or a lower surface of the ceiling material. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a fire-resistant structure of a building and a structure such as a ship in which fire resistance / fire-proof performance is required, particularly a floor structure with improved fire resistance.

For example, in the case of a building, generally, structural steel materials are required to have higher fire resistance depending on the place where they are used. For example, when used as a pillar or beam of a high-rise building, the fire resistance performance for one hour is from 1st floor to 4th floor from the top floor. Similarly, the fire resistance performance of 3 hours is required at the 15th floor or higher. In the steel structure, fire-proof performance such as 30-minute fire-proof performance is required depending on the place of use other than the above.
More specifically, the floor is non-damaged (no deformation, melting, breakage, or other damage that hinders structural strength) or heat insulation (flammable materials ignite the surface temperature other than heating) For quasi-refractory buildings, a high-performance quasi-refractory building is required to have a fire resistance of one hour or two hours. In addition, for roofs and outer walls, flameproofing (no cracks or other damage that can cause a flame outside the building), semi-refractory buildings have 30 minutes or 45 minutes of fire and fire resistance. However, fire resistant buildings are required to have a fire resistance of 1 hour or 2 hours.
Steel materials in buildings that use steel materials such as structural steel materials have a strength that is about 2/3 of the normal temperature strength at 400 ° C. In the case of refractory steel, the strength is about 2/3 of the normal temperature strength at 600 ° C. It is known to ensure, but it is desirable to prevent the strength of these steel materials from decreasing as much as possible in the event of a fire.

  Conventionally, as a fireproof structure of a building floor, a steel deck plate is installed on a beam and concrete is cast to form a composite slab, and a suspension bracket is suspended from the composite slab deck plate, and the suspension bracket is fireproof. It is known to suspend and support a ceiling material to provide a fireproof ceiling that covers a large number of fireproof ceiling materials without gaps (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  Moreover, the structure which installs a thermal expansion sheet | seat as a fireproof covering material in a ceiling material conventionally is also known (for example, refer patent document 2).

JP 2004-332243 A JP 2000-282601 A

  In the conventional case, the ceiling material has a fireproof structure, or a deck plate that does not consider infrared reflectance is used. Therefore, it is not known to improve the fireproof performance of the floor by improving the fireproof performance by the ceiling material and skillfully combining these while considering the infrared reflectance of the underfloor surface at the same time.

  For buildings with more than 3 stories (communal houses, hospitals, hotels, etc.) built in fire-proof areas and semi-fire-proof areas, they must have a fire-resistant structure with the prescribed fire-resistant performance based on the Building Standard Law. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure the fire resistance (thermal insulation, non-damage) of the floor structure.

Generally, a synthetic slab having a composite structure of concrete and a steel deck plate is used for the floor. This is because the concrete has a large heat capacity and excellent fire resistance. Therefore, although it is clear that the fire resistance is improved by increasing the concrete thickness, that is, the floor thickness, it is also a fact that there is a demand for a technique for increasing the fire resistance without increasing the concrete weight.
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a floor structure that can increase the fire resistance of the floor at a low cost without increasing the weight of the floor so much.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem advantageously, in the floor structure excellent in fire resistance of the first invention, in the floor structure, the ceiling material is supported below the floor, and the lower surface side of the floor is covered with the ceiling material. In addition, an underfloor metal plate having an infrared reflectance of 0.4 to 1.0 is installed on the lower surface of the floor.
In the second invention, in the floor structure excellent in fire resistance of the first invention, the metal plate for underfloor attached to the lower surface of the floor has a thickness of the metal plate for underfloor of 0.06 mm or more and 0.4 mm or less. It is characterized by being.
In the third invention, in the floor structure excellent in fire resistance of the first invention or the second invention, the lower surface metal plate attached to the lower surface of the floor is plated with the metal plate for the under floor, or The infrared reflectance is increased to 0.4 or more and 1.0 or less by polishing treatment or by attaching a metal foil to the lower surface side of the underfloor metal plate.
According to a fourth invention, in the floor structure having excellent fire resistance according to any one of the first to third inventions, a ceiling metal plate is attached to at least one surface of the upper and lower surfaces of the ceiling material.
In the fifth invention, in the floor structure excellent in fire resistance of the fourth invention, the infrared reflectance of at least the lower surface of the ceiling metal plate attached to at least one surface of the upper and lower surfaces of the ceiling material is 0.4. It is characterized by being raised to 1.0 or more and below.
In the sixth invention, in the floor structure excellent in fire resistance of the fourth invention or the fifth invention, at least the lower surface side of the ceiling metal plate attached to at least one surface of the upper and lower surfaces of the ceiling material is the ceiling. Infrared reflectivity is increased to 0.4 or more and 1.0 or less by plating or polishing the metal plate for metal or attaching a metal foil to the lower surface side of the metal plate for ceiling. To do.
In the seventh invention, in the floor structure excellent in fire resistance of the fourth invention to the sixth invention, the ceiling metal plate attached to the lower surface of at least one of the upper and lower surfaces of the ceiling material is the metal plate for the ceiling. The plate thickness is 0.06 mm or more and 0.4 mm or less.
In the eighth invention, in the floor structure excellent in fire resistance according to any one of the first to seventh inventions, in order to increase fire resistance, a heat insulating material is attached to the lower surface side of the floor, and further, the lower surface of the heat insulating material It is characterized by attaching a metal plate for underfloor.
In the ninth invention, in the floor structure excellent in fire resistance of the eighth invention, among the upper and lower surfaces of the underfloor metal plate attached to the lower surface of the heat insulating material, at least the infrared reflectance of the lower surface of the underfloor metal plate Is increased to 0.4 or more and 1.0 or less.
In the tenth invention, in the floor structure excellent in fire resistance of the eighth invention or the ninth invention, at least the lower surface of the underfloor metal plate among the upper and lower surfaces of the underfloor metal plate attached to the lower surface of the heat insulating material. Infrared reflectance on the lower surface side of the underfloor metal plate is increased to 0.4 or more and 1.0 or less by plating finish, polishing treatment, or attaching a metal foil to the underfloor metal plate. To do.
In the eleventh invention, in the floor structure excellent in fire resistance according to any one of the eighth to tenth inventions, the metal plate for the underfloor attached to the lower surface of the heat insulating material has a thickness of the metal plate for the underfloor of 0. 0.06 mm or more and 0.4 mm or less.
In a twelfth invention, in the floor structure excellent in fire resistance according to any one of the first invention to the eleventh invention, the floor is any one of a synthetic slab floor, a metal floor, and a wooden floor. To do.
In the thirteenth invention, in the floor structure excellent in fire resistance according to any one of the first invention to the twelfth invention, the ceiling material is a ceiling material made of a metal plate, and among the upper and lower surfaces of the ceiling material made of the metal plate The infrared reflectance of at least the lower surface of the metal plate ceiling material is increased to 0.4 or more and 1.0 or less.

According to the present invention, the following effects can be achieved.
(1) According to the first invention, by covering the ceiling material on the lower surface of the floor, the heat insulating property of the ceiling material is exhibited, and the floor is directly touched until the ceiling material is cracked or dry-shrinked to generate a gap. It can prevent being heated by the flame. In addition, by installing with a metal plate with an infrared reflectance increased to 0.4 or more and 1.0 or less on the lower surface of the floor, the radiant heat from the ceiling material can be reflected, and even if the ceiling material collapses, Since the radiant heat of the fire can be reflected, the temperature rise of the floor can be delayed.
(2) According to the second invention, the metal plate for underfloor attached to the lower surface of the floor ensures workability by setting the plate thickness to 0.06 mm or more, and weight by making it 0.4 mm or less. The increase in cost due to the increase can be suppressed, the workability and cost can be reduced, and the fireproof performance of the floor can be improved.
(3) According to the third invention, the lower surface of the metal plate for floor under the floor is plated or polished, or by attaching a metal foil, the infrared reflectance can be easily increased, Thereby, radiant heat can be reflected and the temperature rise of itself can be delayed, As a result, the temperature rise of a floor can be delayed.
(4) According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, even if a ceiling metal plate is attached to at least one of the upper and lower surfaces of the ceiling material, the ceiling metal plate blocks the ceiling material even if the ceiling material dries and shrinks. The flame is demonstrated and the floor can be prevented from being directly struck by a flame.
(5) According to the fifth invention, by increasing the infrared reflectance of the surface of the ceiling metal plate attached to at least one of the upper and lower surfaces of the ceiling material (preferably, the lower surface side of the ceiling material), In the event of a fire, the radiant heat of the flame can be reflected to delay the rise in floor temperature.
(6) According to the sixth invention, the lower surface of the ceiling metal plate attached to at least one of the upper and lower surfaces of the ceiling material (preferably, the lower surface side of the ceiling material) is plated, polished or metal foil is used. By attaching, the infrared reflectance can be easily increased, and the rise in the temperature of the floor can be delayed by reflecting radiant heat.
(7) According to the seventh invention, the ceiling metal plate attached to at least one of the upper and lower surfaces of the ceiling material (preferably, the lower surface side of the ceiling material) is operated by setting the plate thickness to 0.06 mm or more. The cost increase due to the increase in weight can be suppressed by securing the property and making it 0.4 mm or less. Workability and cost can be reduced and the fireproof performance of the floor can be improved.
(8) According to the eighth invention, by attaching the heat insulating material to the lower surface side of the floor and attaching the metal plate for under floor to the lower surface side, the heat insulating performance of the heat insulating material and the flame shielding performance of the metal plate for under floor are exhibited. Can delay the temperature rise of the floor.
(9) According to the ninth invention, among the upper and lower surfaces of the metal plate for underfloor attached to the lower surface side of the heat insulating material, by increasing the infrared reflectance of at least the lower surface, the radiant heat is reflected to increase its own temperature. Can be delayed, and as a result, the temperature rise of the floor can be delayed.
(10) According to the tenth invention, the lower surface of the underfloor metal plate on the lower side of the ceiling material attached to the lower surface of the heat insulating material can be easily plated or polished or attached with a metal foil. Infrared reflectivity can be increased, and radiant heat can be reflected to delay the temperature rise of itself, and as a result, the temperature rise of the floor can be delayed.
(11) According to the eleventh invention, the metal plate for underfloor attached to the lower surface of the floor attached to the lower surface of the heat insulating material ensures workability by making its plate thickness 0.06 mm or more, When the thickness is 0.4 mm or less, an increase in cost due to an increase in weight can be suppressed, workability and cost can be reduced, and fire resistance of the floor can be improved.
(12) According to the twelfth invention, the floor structure of the present invention can be applied to a synthetic slab which is a general floor structure, or can be applied to a metal floor structure and a wooden floor structure. In the case of a synthetic slab, a deck plate made of a metal plate for underfloor (made of steel plate) whose deck surface is used as a steel plate for underfloor and whose infrared reflectance of the surface is increased to 0.4 or more and 1.0 or less. Can be substituted, and the fireproof performance of the floor can be improved economically. (13) According to the thirteenth invention, the ceiling material is a metal plate ceiling material, and at least an infrared reflectance of a lower surface of the metal plate ceiling material among upper and lower surfaces of the metal plate ceiling material. Is increased to 0.4 or more and 1.0 or less, so that the ceiling structure is simplified as compared with the case where a metal plate for ceiling is provided. In addition, when a ceiling metal plate is further provided on the ceiling material, since both the ceiling material and the ceiling metal plate are metal, fire resistance can be improved more than when only one is metal. it can.

It is a vertical front view which shows the floor structure of 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a vertical front view which shows the floor structure of 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a vertical front view which shows the floor structure of 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a vertical front view which shows the floor structure of 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is a vertical front view which shows the floor structure of 5th Embodiment of this invention. It is a vertical front view which shows the floor structure of 6th Embodiment of this invention. It is a vertical front view which shows the floor structure of 7th Embodiment of this invention. It is a vertical front view which shows the floor structure of 8th Embodiment of this invention. It is a vertical front view which shows the floor structure of 9th Embodiment of this invention. It is a vertical front view which shows the floor structure of 10th Embodiment of this invention. It is a vertical front view which shows the floor structure of a comparative example. It is a graph which shows the result of having carried out the numerical analysis of the change of floor upper surface temperature (or underfloor temperature) with progress of heating time, when the infrared reflectance of the steel lower surface board or underfloor metal plate of a floor side differs. It is a graph which shows the result of having carried out the numerical analysis of the change of floor upper surface temperature (or underfloor temperature) with progress of heating time, when the plate | board thickness of a steel lower surface board or underfloor metal plate on a floor side differs. It is a graph which shows the result of having carried out the numerical analysis of the change of floor upper surface temperature (or underfloor temperature) with progress of heating time, when it is set as a steel floor or a reinforced concrete floor.

    Next, the present invention will be described in detail based on the illustrated embodiment.

  FIG. 1 shows a floor structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, an under-floor metal plate 2 made of a folded steel plate such as a flat steel plate or a corrugated steel plate is installed as an embedded form over a steel beam 1 such as an H-shaped steel or an I-shaped steel. Concrete 3 is cast so as to embed the metal plate 2 under the floor to form a floor 4 made of a synthetic slab.

  In this embodiment, a metal plate for underfloor whose infrared reflectance of the lower surface is increased to 0.4 or more and 1.0 or less is installed on the lower surface of the metal plate 2 for underfloor, that is, the lower surface of the floor 4. Has been.

  When the infrared reflectance of the lower surface of the floor 4 is 0.4 or more and 1.0 or less, the infrared rays and radiant heat are reflected in the event of a fire that occurs on the lower floor of the floor 4 and the temperature rise of the ceiling is delayed. And delaying the temperature rise of the floor. A more desirable value of the infrared reflectance of the lower surface of the floor 4 is preferably 0.8 or more and 0.95 or less. When the infrared reflectance of the lower surface of the floor 4 is less than 0.4, the reflection performance is hardly exhibited, and when it exceeds 0.95, the production becomes extremely difficult.

  Further, in this embodiment, in the floor structure, the ceiling material 6 made of either a rock wool sound absorbing board or a gypsum board is supported below the floor 4 and the end portions of the ceiling material 6 adjacent in the lateral direction are in close contact with each other. Alternatively, an overhanging portion is provided on one adjacent ceiling material 6, and the overhanging portion is superposed on the back surface of the other adjacent ceiling material so that the space between the adjacent ceiling materials 6 is blocked, and the floor 4 is covered with the ceiling material 6. The lower surface side (downward) is covered. Moreover, it is preferable that the lower surface side of the floor 4 is covered with the ceiling material 6 without any gaps because the effect of blocking heat from a fire is enhanced.

  The suspension member 5 is attached to a steel holding metal fitting 7 attached to the underfloor metal plate 2 made of a steel plate such as a corrugated steel plate, a steel rod-like metal fitting 8 connected thereto, and the ceiling material 6. Steel hanger (hanging metal fittings) 9 and the like.

  In this embodiment, the ceiling material 6 is supported below the floor 4 by a plurality of suspension members 5 suspended from the floor 4, but a method of supporting the ceiling material 6 using joists or steel There is a method of directly attaching the ceiling material 6 to the lower surface side of the beam material 1 or the like, and either case may be used.

  In the above-described form, by covering the lower lower side of the floor with the ceiling material 6, the heat insulating property of the ceiling material 6 is exhibited in the event of a fire occurring on the lower floor of the floor 4, and the ceiling material 6 is cracked or dried and contracted. Thus, the floor 4 can be prevented from being directly heated by the flame until a gap is formed. In addition, by installing the underfloor metal plate 2 with increased infrared reflectance on the lower surface of the floor, the radiant heat from the ceiling material can be reflected, and even if the ceiling material 6 collapses, the radiant heat of the fire is reflected. Therefore, the temperature rise of the floor can be delayed.

FIG. 2 shows a floor structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this form and the first embodiment is that the floor is a wooden floor and the structure is provided with a highly reflective underfloor steel plate 2 on the lower side. Therefore, the different parts will be mainly described, and the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals to simplify the description.
In this embodiment, a wooden upper surface plate 10 and a wooden lower surface plate 11 are provided as a wooden floor 4 in which a large number of wooden vertical ribs 12 are arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction and fixed by fixing tools. On the lower surface side of the floor 4, a highly reflective underfloor steel plate 2 is fixed to the wooden floor 4 with a fastener such as a screw.
As the steel sheet 2 for highly reflective underfloor, the lower surface of the steel sheet is subjected to metal plating treatment such as galvanization, tin plating, nickel plating, or polishing treatment to increase the infrared reflectance to 0.8 or more. Reflective steel plates may be used. By attaching a metal foil such as stainless steel or aluminum with high infrared reflectivity to the lower surface of the steel plate, the infrared reflectivity can be easily increased, and the temperature rises by reflecting radiant heat. Can be delayed. As described above, the infrared reflectance can be easily improved from about 0.8 to 0.95 by plating the lower surface side of the metal plate or attaching a metal foil such as stainless steel. Can do. Moreover, when using metal foils, such as stainless steel, the highly reflective underfloor steel plate 2 can also be abbreviate | omitted by attaching metal foil to the lower surface of the wooden lower surface board 11 directly.
When the thickness of the highly reflective underfloor steel plate 2 is less than 0.06 mm, the rigidity will be lowered, not only will the handleability be reduced, but the manufacturing cost will be expensive, and if it exceeds 0.4 mm Since the cost increases due to the increase in weight, the thickness of the highly reflective underfloor steel plate 2 is set to 0.06 mm or more and 0.4 mm or less, preferably 0.1 mm or more and 0.23 mm or less. It is easy and can reduce the manufacturing cost.
A ceiling member 6 is suspended and supported by a plurality of suspension members 5 on the wooden floor 4.

FIG. 3 shows a floor structure according to a third embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this form and the second embodiment is that the floor 4 is a steel floor 4 made of a steel floor slab panel, and the suspension material 5 is suspended from the steel bottom plate 11 of the steel floor 4. Since they are different in that they are supported by lowering, the different parts will be mainly described, and the same parts will be given the same reference numerals to simplify the description.
In this embodiment, a steel floor in which a steel top plate 10 and a steel bottom plate 11 are arranged with a number of steel vertical ribs 12 spaced apart in the horizontal direction and fixed by welding or fixing tools. 4, the suspension material 5 is connected to the steel floor 4, and the ceiling material 6 is supported by suspension. In this embodiment, the steel lower surface plate 11 also serves as the underfloor metal plate 2, and the infrared reflectance of the lower surface of the steel lower surface plate 11 is 0.8 or more and 0.95 or less (preferably, 1.0 or less) by attaching a metal foil such as stainless steel or aluminum to the lower surface of the steel bottom plate 11 such as zinc plating, tin plating or lead plating nickel plating, or polishing treatment. , Increase infrared reflectivity.

  FIG. 4 shows a floor structure according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and the third embodiment is that the floor is a steel floor with a truss structure, and the steel upper surface plate 10 and the steel lower surface plate 11 are alternately inclined between them. A plurality of steel inclined vertical ribs 13 arranged so as to be different from each other are arranged at intervals in the lateral direction to be a steel floor 4 fixed by welding or fixing tools.

FIG. 5 shows a floor structure according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and the second embodiment is that the floor 4 is a reinforced concrete floor 4 and the steel plate 2 for high reflection underfloor is provided below the floor 4. Therefore, the different parts will be mainly described, and the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals to simplify the description.
In this embodiment, a highly reflective underfloor steel plate 2 is attached to a lower surface side of a reinforced concrete floor 4 in which reinforcing bars 16 for floor slabs are embedded with concrete 3, and screws 4 and other reinforced concrete floors 4 are embedded. It is fixed to.
The infrared reflectance of the lower surface of the highly reflective underfloor steel plate 2 is 0.8 to 0.95 (preferably 1.0 or less), such as galvanizing, tin plating or lead plating. Infrared reflectance is increased by metal plating treatment, polishing treatment, or attaching a metal foil such as stainless steel or aluminum to the lower surface of the steel bottom plate 11.

FIG. 6 shows a sixth embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the difference from this embodiment and the third embodiment shown in FIG. 3 is that the ceiling metal plate 14 is placed on the upper surface side of the ceiling material 6 and the ceiling is formed by screws or welding not shown. It is fixed to the material 6. This form is a figure which shows the representative form for showing that the metal plate 14 for ceilings may be provided in the upper surface side of the ceiling material 6, and can also be applied to each said embodiment.
By attaching the ceiling metal plate 14 to the upper side of the ceiling material 6, even if the ceiling material 6 dries and shrinks and cracks occur, the ceiling metal plate 14 provides flame shielding properties, and the floor is directly exposed to flame. Can be prevented.
When the present invention is implemented, the ceiling material 6 is made of a metal plate, and the ceiling metal plate 14 is also used as the ceiling metal plate 14 by the ceiling material 6 as in the later-described embodiment, and the ceiling metal plate 14 is omitted. Although it is possible, it is desirable to use the ceiling material 6 and the ceiling metal plate 14 together.

FIG. 7 shows a seventh embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the difference between this embodiment and the sixth embodiment shown in FIG. 6 is that the ceiling metal plate 14 is brought into contact with the lower surface side of the ceiling member 6, and the ceiling member 6 is not shown by screws or the like not shown. It is fixed to. This form is a figure which shows the representative form for showing that the metal plate 14 for ceilings may be provided in the lower surface side of the ceiling material 6, and can also be applied to each said embodiment.
By attaching the ceiling metal plate 14 to the lower side of the ceiling material 6, even if the ceiling material 6 is dried and contracted and cracks are generated, the ceiling metal plate 14 provides flameproofing, and the floor directly becomes a flame. Can be beaten. Further, when the ceiling material 6 is made of wood or the like, the ceiling metal plate 14 is attached to the lower side of the ceiling material 6, so that the ceiling material is dried and contracted to cause cracks, and the ceiling material 6 itself does not have a structure. Even so, the ceiling metal plate 14 can prevent the ceiling material 6 from falling off, and the thermal insulation performance of the ceiling material 6 can be continuously exhibited. Although not shown, the ceiling metal plates 14 may be fixed to both the front and back surfaces of the ceiling material 6 with a fastener such as a screw. In this case, the ceiling material 6 is reinforced by the metal plates on both the front and back surfaces. In addition, even if one of the ceiling metal plates 14 is damaged, the other ceiling metal plate 14 exerts flameproofing properties and can prevent the floor 4 from being directly struck by a flame.

As can be seen from the embodiments of FIGS. 6 and 7, the ceiling metal plate 14 is attached to at least one surface of the ceiling material 6, so that the ceiling metal 6 can be dried and shrunk to cause cracks. The plate 14 exhibits flame barrier properties and can prevent the floor 4 from being directly struck by a flame.
As the above-mentioned ceiling metal plate 14, the lower surface of the thin steel plate is subjected to metal plating treatment such as galvanization, tin plating or lead plating, or polishing treatment, thereby increasing the infrared reflectance to 0.8 or more. Reflective steel plates may be used, and by attaching a metal foil such as stainless steel or aluminum to the lower surface side of the steel plate, the infrared reflectivity can be easily increased, and radiant heat can be reflected to delay its own temperature rise. it can. As described above, by applying plating treatment, polishing treatment, or attaching a metal foil such as stainless steel on the lower surface side of the ceiling metal plate 14, the infrared reflectance is changed from 0.8 to 0. It can be easily improved to about .95.
When the ceiling metal plate 14 is provided on the upper surface, lower surface, or both upper and lower surfaces of the ceiling material 6, the upper surface, lower surface, or both surfaces of the ceiling metal plate 14 are plated, polished, or stainless steel. A ceiling metal plate 14 attached with a metal foil such as may be installed on the ceiling material 6.
By setting the infrared reflectance of at least the lower surface of the ceiling metal plate 14 to 0.4 or more and 1.0 or less, infrared and radiant heat due to a fire from the lower surface side can be reflected, and the temperature rise on the floor side Can be delayed.

  The ceiling metal plate 14 attached to at least one of the ceiling members 6 (preferably, the lower surface side of the ceiling member 6) as in the above-described embodiment has a plate thickness of 0.06 mm or more. The handleability of the ceiling metal plate 14 is improved and the workability can be ensured compared to the case where the thickness is less than 0.4 mm, and the cost increase due to weight increase can be suppressed by setting the thickness to 0.4 mm or less. When the thickness of the ceiling metal plate 14 is less than 0.06 mm, the rigidity is lowered, not only the handleability is lowered, but also the manufacturing cost is expensive. When the plate thickness of 14 is set to 0.06 mm or more and 0.4 mm or less, and preferably 0.1 mm or more and 0.23 mm or less, the handleability is easy and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

  8 and 9 show eighth and ninth embodiments of the present invention. These forms may be provided via the heat insulating material 15 between the floor 4 and the underfloor metal plate 2 when the underfloor metal plate 2 is provided on the lower side of the floor 4. It is a representative form for showing. In this embodiment, a heat insulating material may be provided on the lower surface side of the floor 4 by spraying using the viscosity of the heat insulating material, or a dry heat insulating material such as a heat insulating plate may be provided on the lower surface of the floor 4 with screws or stud bolts and fixing brackets. The heat insulating material 15 is provided by fixing with a fixing tool such as the like, and the metal plate 2 for the underfloor is attached to the lower surface side of the heat insulating material 15, so that the heat insulating performance of the heat insulating material 15 and the flame shielding performance of the metal plate 2 for the underfloor In this configuration, for example, the temperature rise of the floor 4 due to a fire or the like from the lower floor side can be delayed. Other structures are the same as those in the sixth and seventh embodiments shown in FIGS. The underfloor metal plate 2 is fixed to the floor 4 or the heat insulating material 15.

  It is desirable that the heat insulating material 15 attached to the lower surface side of the floor 4 such as a floor panel is a fire and heat insulating material because fire resistance performance is enhanced. Furthermore, the heat insulating material 15 is preferably a heat insulating material having self-extinguishing properties at a high temperature of 300 ° C. or higher. As a heat insulating material having a self-extinguishing property at a high temperature of 300 ° C. or higher, a rock wool plate is inexpensive and preferable.

  The self-extinguishing property is a property of burning while exposed to a flame but extinguishing when separated from the flame. For example, in the method A defined in JIS K 6911, after removing the flame, the test piece may be burnt within 180 seconds and the burned length may be 25 mm or more and 100 mm or less.

  By increasing the infrared reflectance of at least the lower surface of the upper and lower surfaces of the underfloor metal plate 2 attached to the lower surface side of the heat insulating material 15, in the event of a fire, the radiant heat is reflected to delay its own temperature rise. That is, ultimately, the temperature rise of the floor 4 can be delayed.

  FIG. 10 shows a tenth embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the ceiling metal plate 14 is omitted from the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 or FIG. 9, but other configurations are the same as those in the above embodiment. Thus, even if the metal plate 2 for the underfloor is provided, the radiant heat from the ceiling material can be reflected by installing a metal plate having an infrared reflectance increased to 0.4 to 1.0 on the lower surface of the floor. Even after the ceiling material 6 is damaged, the radiant heat of the fire can be reflected by the metal plate 2 under the floor to delay the temperature rise of the floor.

  As in the above embodiments, the underfloor metal plate 2 attached to the lower surface side of the floor 4 has a reduced rigidity when the plate thickness is less than 0.06 mm, and the handleability is lowered. In addition, the manufacturing cost becomes expensive, and if the thickness exceeds 0.4 mm, the cost increases due to an increase in weight. Therefore, the thickness of the metal plate for floor 2 is 0.06 mm or more and 0.4 mm or less, preferably When the thickness is set to 0.1 mm or more and 0.23 mm or less, handling is easy and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

Next, as shown in FIG. 10, when the underfloor metal plate 2 is provided on the lower surface of the floor 4 via the heat insulating material 15, and as a comparative example, as shown in FIG. Explaining the floor top surface temperature (i.e., the floor back surface temperature) for a fire under the floor when the metal plate 2 is provided, the heat insulating material 15 is provided thereunder, and the metal plate 2 is not provided below the heat insulating material 15 To do.
In the case of FIG. 10, the ceiling metal plate 14 is not provided in the structure of FIG. 8 or FIG. 9. Moreover, the case of FIG. 11 is a case where the heat insulating material 15 is provided under the metal plate 2 for underfloor in the case of FIG. 8 or FIG.
In the case of FIG. 10 and FIG. 11, both are made of a rock wool plate as the heat insulating material, the plate thickness is 40 mm, and the metal plate 2 for the underfloor is the metal plate 2 for the underfloor made of a thin steel plate, The underfloor metal plate 2 has a plate thickness of 0.11 mm and has a galvanized finish on the lower surface of the underfloor metal plate 2 and has an infrared reflectance of 0.86. The ceiling material 6 is a ceiling material 6 made of a rock wool sound absorbing plate.
Heating is performed continuously from the bottom of the ceiling panel in accordance with the standard heating curve (fire that reaches 945 ° C in 1 hour as defined by the Building Standards Act, (ISO834)), and the floor 4 is not damaged or insulated. In the case of FIG. 10, even if the ceiling material 6 is damaged, the heat insulating material 15 is protected by the underfloor metal plate 2 in the case of FIG. 10 as compared to the case of FIG. Since the non-damage of 15 is ensured, it is more advantageous than the comparative example shown in FIG. That is, when the underfloor metal plate 2 with increased infrared reflectance on the lower surface side is installed on the lower surface side of the heat insulating material 15, compared to the case where the underfloor metal plate 2 with increased infrared reflectance is not installed, The temperature rise time can be delayed.

Next, although the floor structure is different from the actual experiment, the case where the floor structure shown in FIG. 3 is assumed and the case where the floor structure shown in FIG. 1 is assumed are shown by arrows X in FIGS. In addition, due to a flame from below the ceiling material 6, convection of the air layer from the ceiling material 6 to the back of the ceiling material 6, the steel bottom plate 11, the longitudinal ribs 12, the steel bottom plate 11, and the steel top plate 10 The results of a numerical analysis of the temperature rise on the surface of the steel top plate 10 due to heat conduction transmitted through the air layer convection will be described.
It was set as the numerical analysis set as the case where it heated continuously from the lower side of a ceiling board based on the standard heating curve (The fire which reaches | attains 945 degreeC in 1 hour prescribed | regulated by a building standard law, (ISO834)).
As the ceiling material 6, it is assumed that the ceiling material is a rock wool sound absorbing plate, and the thickness thereof is 12 mm.
In the case of the floor structure shown in FIG. 3, that is, as a numerical analysis condition, the plate thickness of the steel bottom plate 11 (member corresponding to the metal plate 2 under the floor) in the steel floor 4 is 0.06 mm or 0.4 mm, The results of numerical analysis of the case where the infrared reflectance of the lower surface of the steel bottom plate 11 is 0.8 (80% infrared reflectance) and 0.2 (20% infrared reflectance) are shown. FIG. 12 and FIG. Table 1 shows the main conditions.
From the graph of FIG. 12, when the thickness of the steel bottom plate 11 is constant and the infrared reflectance is changed, the higher infrared reflectance is 0.8 (80%), the higher the floor of the steel top plate 10 is. The surface temperature (floor back surface temperature) has a difference from after about 10 minutes, and is less than about 10 ° C after 40 minutes, and about 10 ° C between 60 minutes and 120 minutes, and the temperature is kept low. I understand that.
Moreover, as shown in FIG. 13, it turned out that a temperature difference hardly arises even if the plate | board thickness of the steel bottom plate 11 (member equivalent to the metal plate 2 for underfloor) is 0.06 mm or 0.4 mm.
Further, in the case of the synthetic slab floor 4 shown in FIG. 1, that is, as a numerical analysis condition, the thickness of the metal plate 2 for the underfloor is 0.06 mm, and the infrared reflectance of the lower surface of the steel bottom plate 11 is 0. .8 (80% infrared reflectivity), the thickness of the concrete 3 on the upper side is 130 mm, and the ceiling material 6 is the same as described above, and the floor of the concrete composite slab ( The results of numerical analysis of the temperature of the upper surface of the (RC floor) 4 and the case of the steel floor 4 shown in FIG. 13 are shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 14, also in the case of the steel floor 4, when the infrared reflectance of the steel lower surface plate 11 (member corresponding to the metal plate 2 under the floor) becomes as high as 0.8 (80%), the temperature rises. It can be seen that the gradient becomes loose and approaches the floor (RC floor) 4 of the concrete composite slab.

According to the embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) By covering the ceiling material on the lower surface of the floor, the thermal insulation of the ceiling material is demonstrated, and the floor is directly heated by the flame until the ceiling material cracks or dries and shrinks to form a gap. Can be prevented. In addition, by installing with a metal plate with an infrared reflectance increased to 0.4 or more and 1.0 or less on the lower surface of the floor, the radiant heat from the ceiling material can be reflected, and even if the ceiling material collapses, Since the radiant heat of the fire can be reflected, the temperature rise of the floor can be delayed.
(2) Infrared reflectivity can be easily increased by plating or polishing the lower surface of the metal plate for floor under the floor, or by attaching a metal foil, thereby reflecting radiant heat. Therefore, it is possible to delay the temperature rise of the floor, and as a result, it is possible to delay the temperature rise of the floor.
(3) The metal plate for underfloor attached to the lower surface of the floor secures workability by making the plate thickness 0.06 mm or more, and suppresses cost increase due to weight increase by making it 0.4 mm or less. The workability and cost can be reduced and the fireproof performance of the floor can be improved.
(4) By attaching the ceiling metal plate to at least one surface of the upper and lower surfaces of the ceiling material, even if the ceiling material is dried and contracted and cracks are generated, flame resistance is exhibited by the ceiling metal plate, It can prevent the floor from being directly hit by a flame.
(5) By increasing the infrared reflectance of the surface of the ceiling metal plate attached to at least one of the upper and lower surfaces of the ceiling material (preferably the lower surface side of the ceiling material), the radiant heat of the flame in the event of a fire from the indoor side Can be reflected to delay the rise in floor temperature.
(6) By easily plating or polishing the lower surface of the ceiling metal plate attached to at least one of the upper and lower surfaces of the ceiling material (preferably, the lower surface side of the ceiling material) or attaching a metal foil Infrared reflectance can be increased, and radiant heat can be reflected to delay the rise in floor temperature.
(7) The ceiling metal plate attached to at least one of the upper and lower surfaces of the ceiling material (preferably, the lower surface side of the ceiling material) ensures workability by setting the plate thickness to 0.06 mm or more. The cost increase due to weight increase can be suppressed by setting the thickness to 4 mm or less. Workability and cost can be reduced and the fireproof performance of the floor can be improved.
(8) By attaching a heat insulating material to the lower surface side of the floor and attaching a metal plate for the under floor to the lower surface side, the heat insulating performance of the heat insulating material and the flame shielding performance of the metal plate for the under floor are demonstrated, and the temperature of the floor is increased. Can be delayed.
(9) By using a self-extinguishing heat insulating material (rock wool material, etc.) as the heat insulating material attached to the lower surface of the floor such as a floor panel, the heat insulating material burns quickly after the fire is over (after the fire is extinguished) Is completed, and the temperature rise of the floor can be suppressed.
(10) By increasing the infrared reflectance of at least the lower surface of the upper and lower surfaces of the metal plate for underfloor attached to the lower surface side of the heat insulating material, it is possible to reflect the radiant heat and delay its own temperature rise. As a result, the temperature rise of the floor can be delayed.
(11) The bottom surface of the underfloor metal plate on the lower side of the ceiling material attached to the lower surface of the heat insulating material is plated or polished, or a metal foil is attached to the lower surface of the underfloor metal plate. Thus, the infrared reflectance can be easily increased, the radiant heat can be reflected and the temperature rise of itself can be delayed, and as a result, the temperature rise of the floor can be delayed.
(12) The metal plate for underfloor attached to the lower surface of the floor attached to the lower surface of the heat insulating material ensures workability by making the plate thickness 0.06 mm or more, and makes it 0.4 mm or less. Thus, an increase in cost due to an increase in weight can be suppressed, workability and cost can be reduced, and fire resistance performance of the floor can be improved.
(13) As described above, the floor structure of the present invention can be applied to a synthetic slab which is a general floor structure, or can be applied to a metal floor structure or a wooden floor structure. In the case of a slab, a deck plate is used as the steel plate for the underfloor, and the deck plate made of a metal plate for the underfloor (steel plate) whose infrared reflectance of the surface is increased to 0.4 or more and 1.0 or less. It can be used as a substitute, and the fireproof performance of the floor can be improved economically.

  When the present invention is carried out, as the heat insulating material 15, a heat insulating material made of glass wool may be used. Moreover, when implementing this invention, you may make it use a stainless steel plate as a metal plate for underfloor.

  In addition, when implementing this invention, in each said embodiment, by making the ceiling material 6 into a product made from a metal plate, the ceiling metal plate 14 may be combined with the ceiling material 6 and the ceiling metal plate 14 may be abbreviate | omitted. Is possible. For example, in FIGS. 1 to 10, the ceiling material 6 is a ceiling material 6 made of a metal plate, and at least the lower surface of the ceiling material 6 made of a metal plate is reflected by infrared rays at the lower surface of the ceiling material 6 made of metal plate. When the rate is increased to 0.4 or more and 1.0 or less, the ceiling metal plate 14 can be omitted. Although it may be done in this way, it is cheaper and more economical to attach a thin metal member such as a stainless steel plate (or foil) to the ceiling material 6 without performing processing for increasing the infrared reflectance. The ceiling material 6 and the ceiling metal plate 14 attached to the ceiling material 6 are preferably used in combination.

1 Steel beam 2 Under-floor metal plate (or highly reflective under-floor steel plate)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 3 Concrete 4 Floor 5 Suspension material 6 Ceiling material 7 Holding metal fitting 8 Bar-shaped metal fitting 9 Hanger 10 Wooden upper surface board or steel upper surface board 11 Wooden lower surface board or steel lower surface board 12 Wooden vertical rib or steel vertical rib 13 Steel inclination Longitudinal rib 14 Metal plate for ceiling 15 Thermal insulation 16 Reinforcing bar

Claims (13)

  In the floor structure, a ceiling material is supported below the floor, and the lower surface side of the floor is covered with the ceiling material, and the lower surface has an infrared reflectance of 0.4 or more on the lower surface of the floor. A floor structure excellent in fire resistance, characterized in that a metal plate for under floor raised to 0 or less is installed.   The metal plate for underfloor attached to the lower surface of the floor is excellent in fire resistance according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the metal plate for underfloor is 0.06 mm or more and 0.4 mm or less. Floor structure.   The lower surface side of the metal plate for underfloor attached to the lower surface of the floor is plated with or polished with the metal plate for underfloor, or by attaching a metal foil to the lower surface side of the metal plate for underfloor, The floor structure excellent in fire resistance according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the reflectance is increased to 0.4 or more and 1.0 or less.   The floor structure excellent in fire resistance according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a ceiling metal plate is attached to at least one of the upper and lower surfaces of the ceiling material.   The infrared reflectance of at least the lower surface of the ceiling metal plate attached to at least one surface of the upper and lower surfaces of the ceiling material is increased to 0.4 or more and 1.0 or less. The floor structure excellent in fire resistance as described in 4.   At least the lower surface side of the ceiling metal plate attached to at least one of the upper and lower surfaces of the ceiling material is plated or polished on the ceiling metal plate, or on the lower surface side of the ceiling metal plate. The floor structure excellent in fire resistance according to claim 4 or 5, wherein infrared reflectance is increased to 0.4 or more and 1.0 or less by attaching a metal foil.   The ceiling metal plate attached to the lower surface of at least one of the upper and lower surfaces of the ceiling material has a thickness of the metal plate for ceiling of 0.06 mm or more and 0.4 mm or less. The floor structure excellent in fire resistance of any one of -6.   In order to raise fireproof performance, a heat insulating material is attached to the lower surface side of a floor, Furthermore, the metal plate for floors is attached to the lower surface of the heat insulating material, The any one of Claims 1-7 characterized by the above-mentioned. Floor structure with excellent fire resistance.   Of the upper and lower surfaces of the underfloor metal plate attached to the lower surface of the heat insulating material, the infrared reflectance of at least the lower surface of the underfloor metal plate is increased to 0.4 or more and 1.0 or less, The floor structure excellent in fire resistance according to claim 8.   Of the upper and lower surfaces of the underfloor metal plate attached to the lower surface of the heat insulating material, at least the lower surface of the underfloor metal plate is plated or polished, or the metal foil is attached to the underfloor metal plate. The floor structure excellent in fire resistance according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the infrared reflectance on the lower surface side of the metal plate is increased to 0.4 or more and 1.0 or less.   The metal plate for underfloor attached to the lower surface of the heat insulating material has a thickness of the metal plate for underfloor of 0.06 mm or more and 0.4 mm or less, wherein any one of claims 8 to 10 is characterized. Floor structure with excellent fire resistance as described in 1. The floor having excellent fire resistance according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the floor is any one of a synthetic slab floor, a reinforced concrete floor, a metal floor, and a wooden floor. Construction.   The ceiling material is a metal plate ceiling material, and the infrared reflectance of at least the lower surface of the metal plate ceiling material among the upper and lower surfaces of the metal plate ceiling material is 0.4 or more and 1.0 or less. The floor structure excellent in fire resistance according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the floor structure is enhanced.

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