JP2010235271A - Container crane - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a quay crane having function for performing position-adjustment operation of a hanging unit and a container without performing inching operation of the quay crane itself. <P>SOLUTION: The quay crane is characterized in that a trolley in which the hanging unit is rope-hung by the trolley traveling on a boom is constituted to a complex structure by a first trolley body 15 moved on the boom and a second trolley body 17 supported on the trolley of the first trolley body, the second trolley body is supported relative to the first trolley body movably in a width direction of the boom, and a device 18 for driving the second trolley body is further provided between the first trolley body and the second trolley body. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  In the present invention, when handling with a crane, the position of the connecting fitting (twist lock) provided below the lifting tool (spreader) is slightly shifted from the position of the connecting fitting receiving hole provided on the upper surface of the container to be lifted. The present invention relates to a quay crane (container crane) equipped with a trolley with a lateral movement adjusting mechanism that can easily solve the problem that the positional relationship between the metal fitting and the receiving hole does not match.

  FIG. 5 is a side view showing a state in which the container 4 is unloaded with the container ship 3 while the quay crane 2 moves laterally along the quay on a rail provided in parallel with the quay 1A, and FIG. FIG.

  A quay crane 2 is used for cargo handling between the container yard 1 and the container ship 3, and a chassis 8 that lifts the container 4 on the container ship 3 and waits under the crane leg 5 (main body). Or a cargo handling operation for lifting the container 4 transported by the chassis 8 and suspending it to the container ship 3.

  The general quay crane 2 will be described with reference to FIG. 5. A boom 6 supported above the leg 5 (in the case of a general container crane, a girder is fixed to the upper part of the leg 5 and the front thereof is fixed. A boom is provided so that it can be raised and lowered. In this specification, a girder and a boom are collectively referred to as a boom), and one trolley is provided. The container 4 on the container ship 3 is lifted by this trolley, and the boom 6 It is comprised so that it may move to the land side along and it will carry out the operation | work which mounts on the chassis 8 which is waiting under the leg part 5 (for example, refer patent document 1).

  Recently, since the transport amount of containers has increased, it has been required to improve the handling efficiency, and the quay crane 2 developed in response to the request has a leg portion as shown in FIGS. Two trolleys, a sea-side trolley 7 disposed on the sea side on the boom 6 provided at the top of 5 and a land-side trolley 9 supported in the vicinity of the leg 5, are provided. A traverser 10 that simply carries the container 4 between them and transports it in the horizontal direction is arranged. In this type of quay crane, the traverser 10 is used as a “relay point” and the container 4 is relayed between the sea side and the land side. The present invention relates to a trolley suitable for the crane 2 in which the traverser 10 is disposed (see Patent Document 2).

JP 2001-122586 A JP-T 8-503442

(Displacement problem of container crane suspension)
Along with the increase in size of the container ship 3, the number of containers 4 loaded has increased, and the quay crane 2 has gradually increased in size accordingly. An example of the dimensions of the quay crane 2 is as follows. The length (outreach) of the girder 6 extending to the sea side from the sea side leg 5a is 60 m or more, and the lateral width (span) of the leg part 5 is about 30 m. And the sum total of the length extended to the land side of the machine room 11 further to the land side is about 45-60m.

  And the distance (ground height) between the suspension tool 7a of the sea side trolley 7 and the surface of the quay 1A is 40 m or more. The container ship 3 on which 22 rows of containers can be loaded (on-deck) has a ship width of about 56 m and a captain of 350 to 400 m.

  As described above, the quay crane 2 is a huge structure as a whole, and the container 4 loaded on the container ship 3 from the cab 7b of the sea side trolley 7 or the container 4 accommodated in the hold is obliquely upward. The distance when looking down from the vehicle is quite large, and the distance between the container 4 accommodated near the bottom of the latter hold and the driver's seat 7b may reach 55-60 m. Moreover, the weight of this crane is 1000-2000 tons.

  Such a large and heavy structure travels on two rails laid parallel to the quay 1A of the container yard 1, but as shown in FIG. 5, the sea-side trolley 7 and the container 4 In addition to changing the distance of the container 4 according to the number of stacked stages of the container 4, the crane operation is skillful because the cargo handling operation is performed while looking obliquely from the driver's seat 7 b.

  As described above, the quay crane 2 is a huge structure and has a weight of 1000 to 2000 tons. Therefore, when the quay crane 2 moves slowly along the rail, the tip 6a of the boom 6 is shown in FIG. As shown in (), there is often a slight swing in the lateral direction (crane moving direction). Further, when a cross wind passing through the sea surface is received, the tip 6a of the boom 6 touches the center 5c of the leg 5 at a distance (α) with the natural period of the crane as shown in FIG. Will do.

  The side contact distance (α) is about 100 mm in the case of the quay crane of the above-mentioned dimensions. In any case, when the crane 2 moves sideways or receives a crosswind, the tip 6a of the boom 6 generates a side shake, but if the swing occurs, the natural period of the crane is about 4 seconds. It takes time to attenuate the shaking. On the other hand, although it is desired to reduce the inching operation as much as possible, the conventional crane has a structural problem that the inching operation must be performed for fine positioning.

  FIG. 6 (c) shows a planar relationship between the hanging tool 7 a and the container 4. At the four corners of the upper surface of the container 4, fitting holes 4 a for fitting connection metal fittings (twist lock metal fittings) protruding from the lower surface of the hanging tool 7 a are opened. Must be aligned. However, in reality, as described above, a displacement corresponding to the distance of “4a to 7c” (an error distance generated by the lateral vibration) occurs with the lateral vibration of the tip 6a of the boom 6.

  The allowable distance of this displacement is a slight one of about 100 mm from the dimensions of the cell guide and spreader corner guide flipper provided in the hold, and within this distance range, from the cab 7b of the sea side trolley 7 Therefore, an accurate positioning operation of the hanging tool 7a is necessary.

(Conventional crane operation)
In the case of the quay crane 2 having a conventional structure, the crane 2 itself, which is a heavy load, travels finely (referred to as inching or inching) to finely adjust the allowable distance. However, this inching causes vibration to the part of the boom 6 that is fixed to the sea side protruding from the leg part 5 and the sea side trolley 7 that is supported by the boom part 6. As the side trolley 7 rolls out, an error distance (α) is inevitably generated between the container 4 and the suspension 7a as shown in FIG. 6 (c). The positioning of the hanger 7a by means of advanced operations is extremely inefficient.

  In the present invention, the horizontal swing of the boom 6 that occurs when the conventional quay crane 2 moves laterally and the error distance between the fitting 7a and the fitting hole 4a of the connection fitting 7a of the container 4 along with this ( To solve the problem of inevitably generating α), and to provide a quay crane 2 having a function of performing an alignment operation between the suspension 7a and the container 4 without performing an inching operation of the quay crane 2 itself. It is intended.

1. A quay crane according to the present invention comprises a quay comprising a leg, a boom provided above the leg, a trolley guided and moved by the boom, and a hanger that is hung up and down by a rope suspended from the trolley. In the crane, the trolley includes a first trolley body that moves on the boom, and a second trolley body supported by the first trolley body trolley, and the second trolley body is a first trolley body. On the other hand, it is supported so as to be movable in the width direction of the boom, and a device for driving the second trolley body is provided between the first trolley body and the second trolley body, and is configured by a composite trolley. It is a feature.
2. The quay crane according to the present invention is a composite trolley comprising a sea trolley comprising a first trolley body and a second trolley supported by the first trolley body so as to be movable in the width direction of the boom. The trolley body is sequentially driven by a driving device, and is driven to match the position of the connecting metal fitting provided on the hanging tool with the fitting hole opened on the upper surface of the container.
3. The drive device of the second trolley is configured by any one of an electric screw, a cylinder device, and a rack and pinion gear device.
4). The first trolley body is composed of a frame-shaped body, and the second trolley body is configured to move on a support base provided on the frame-shaped body.
5). A quay crane characterized in that a rope between the trolley and a hanging tool is hung on a V-shape, and a lateral runout generated during a shift operation is attenuated by a combination of tensions generated in the rope.

  The quay crane according to the present invention includes a first trolley body that moves by guiding a trolley that suspends a suspension tool with a rope on a boom (a collective name for a girder and a boom), and is supported by the first trolley body, and the boom It is configured to control the movement in the width direction.

  Therefore, the container can be fitted with the movement of the lightweight second trolley body without performing the control operation of moving the hanging tool along the quay by inching operation or slightly moving the heavy crane itself. The position of the connecting metal fitting on the hanging tool side can be matched with the position of the joint hole, and the container handling work can be efficiently performed.

  In addition, in order to align the conventional hanging tool 7a with the container 4, it is necessary to incline the heavy crane 2 itself, which causes an error distance. However, in the present invention, the crane main body, which is a heavy object, is not laterally moved, and only the second trolley body that is a part of the trolley having a small mass is laterally moved, so that vibration is generated in the crane itself. In this way, alignment between the hanger and the container can be performed in a very short time.

FIG. 1A is a plan view of a compound operation type trolley that is a component of the present invention, and FIG. 1A is an explanatory view showing the relationship between the boom and the trolley. It is AA sectional drawing of the trolley shown in FIG. It is BB sectional drawing of the same trolley shown in FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the rope hanging path | route of a quay crane. It is a side view which shows the cargo handling condition of the quay crane with a general traverser. Fig. (A) is a plan view of the quay crane shown in Fig. 5, Fig. (A) is a diagram showing a state in which the boom of the crane is displaced, and Fig. (C) is a diagram showing a container, a hanger, It is explanatory drawing of position shift of. It is explanatory drawing which shows the rope hanging path | route which can prevent the horizontal swing of a hanging tool. It is explanatory drawing of the characteristic of the path | route of the rope of FIG.

  The composite trolley according to the present invention is configured such that a sea-side trolley traveling on a boom is placed on the first trolley body (parent trolley body) and the first trolley body and is movable in the width direction of the boom. It is configured as a composite trolley having a double structure with the second trolley body (child trolley body), and the second trolley body is moved laterally (moved in the width direction of the boom) with respect to the moving direction of the first trolley body. Thus, it is characterized in that the hanging tool suspended by the rope in the composite trolley can be moved accurately in a small distance in the longitudinal direction of the container.

  Furthermore, by wrapping the rope around the V-shape, it is characterized by a mechanism capable of attenuating the rolling at the time of shifting of the hanger, which could not be solved by the shift mechanism proposed in the patent literature until now. .

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  The trolley according to the present invention is composed of a composite trolley FT. As shown in the plan view of FIG. 1, the composite trolley FT is supported by a first trolley body 15 (parent trolley body) and a support base 16 provided inside the frame of the first trolley body 15. It is composed of two trolley bodies 17 (child trolley bodies). The first trolley body 15 has two longitudinal members 15a parallel to the two members of the boom 60 formed in a box structure having a trapezoidal cross section, and two widths arranged in the width direction of the boom 60. The member 15b and the reinforcing members 15c and 15d are formed in a frame shape. Further, two guide rollers 15e are provided on the side surface of the longitudinal member 15a so as to move on the rail 61 fixed to the inner surface of the boom 60.

  On the other hand, the second trolley body 17 is formed in a “frame shape” by providing two sheave support members 17 a at an interval entering the width of the boom 60 and connecting them by two connection members 17 b made of pipes. Yes. The sheave support member 17a is provided with eight sheaves S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7 and S8 so that the suspension 7a (FIG. 4) is lifted. ing.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the boom 60 of the crane according to the embodiment of the present invention is formed in a trapezoidal box-shaped beam having a narrow upper portion, and a support base 60b is formed on the side plate 60a. A rail 61 is fixed to the upper surface of the support base 60b to guide the first trolley body 15.

  Further, a support base (not shown) for guiding the wheels of the traverser 10 shown in FIG. 5 is provided on the side plate on the outer side of the boom 60 having the above-described structure. Since the composite trolley FT can be guided on the inner surface side and the traverser 10 can be guided on the outer surface side, respectively, there is an advantage that the twisting phenomenon of the beam member of the boom 60 can be prevented.

  FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an example of wire hooking in the quay crane 2 shown in FIG. 5, showing a combination trolley FT according to the present invention used in place of the sea trolley 7 of FIG. 5. Yes. 4, 70 is a main drum, 71 is a boom rear end sheave, 72 is an equalizer sheave, 73 is a rope clamp, R is a rope, and 7a is a hanger.

(Means to prevent the suspension 7a from shaking)
In the above embodiment, by using the composite trolley FT according to the present invention, the error distance (α) between the suspension 7a on which the sea trolley 7 of the quay crane 2 is suspended and the position of the container 4 to be lifted. (See FIG. 6C), the second trolley body 17 of the composite trolley FT is moved by the second trolley body driving device 18 within a small range on the first trolley body 15 to The error distance (α) can be easily adjusted.

  However, in many cases, when the container 4 is connected to the hanging tool 7a with a connecting fitting (not shown) and the container 4 is handled, the container 4 often sways in its length direction. This shaking must be stopped when the container 4 is placed on the traverser 10 which is the next step.

  Specifically, the rope hanging shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 is performed, but the sheaves S1, S2,... S8 of the composite trolley FT, and the sheaves S9, S10, S11 and S12 on the suspension 7a, The rope R that is hung in between is hung in a form that can prevent shaking.

  An important point of the method of wrapping the rope R for preventing the shaking is to adopt “cross hooking”, and to form two congruent triangles on one side and four in total. That is, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the triangle “TR1 and TR2” formed on the sea side at the sheave portion between the sea side sheaves S9-S1-S5 and S11-S3-S7, and the land side sheave S10 -Four triangles of triangles "TR3 and TR4" formed by the rope portion between S2-S6 and S12-S8-S4 are formed into congruent triangles.

  Then, the two triangles “TR1 and TR2” on the sea side are symmetrically inverted. Similarly, two land-side triangles “TR3 and TR4” are formed in a symmetrically inverted state.

  As described above, two rope parts r1 and r2 on the sea side intersect by roping so that two congruent triangles “TR1 to TR4” are formed on the sea side and two on the land side. . Then, the two rope portions r3 and r4 on the land side intersect to form a rope hook including two intersected portions.

  The two sets of intersecting rope portions r1 and r2, and r3 and r4 intersect at the same length and at the same angle, and are opposite to each other. Accordingly, an oblique tension is generated between the opposing rope portions r1 and r2 and between the rope portions r3 and r4 due to the weight and vibration of the container 4, but the component forces of these tensions are opposite to each other. This component force balances to prevent the swinging of the hanger 7a.

(Summary)
From the above, the suspension 7a and the container 4 are formed by forming two congruent triangles on the sea side and the land side by roping between the suspension 7a and the composite trolley FT.
By the combined load of the two and the two pairs of crossed ropes (the ropes stretched diagonally), the rolling force (longitudinal direction) of the container 4 is effective due to the component of the force that cancels each other. Can be prevented.

  By adopting the special roping, it is possible to effectively prevent the container 4 from shaking, and due to the shaking preventing effect, the combined operation type trolley FT according to the present invention can be moved laterally to Even if the container is moved laterally by alignment, the container 4 can be effectively prevented from sideways and the cargo handling efficiency of the container 4 can be remarkably improved.

  The quay crane according to the present invention can also be used for a general container crane or a container crane with a traverser. Furthermore, it can also be applied to a portal crane that handles cargo in a container yard.

1A Quay 10 Traverser 11 Machine Room FT Composite Trolley 15 First Trolley Body 15a Longitudinal Member 15b Width Member 15c Reinforcement Member 15d Reinforcement Member 15e Guide Roller 16 Support Stand 17 Second Trolley Body 17a Sheave Support Member 18 Second Trolley Body Drive Device 60 Boom 60a Side plate 60b Support stand
61 Joint TR1 by railing TR1 to TR4

Claims (5)

In a quay crane comprising a leg, a boom installed above the leg, a trolley that is guided and moved by the boom, and a lifting device that is hung up and down by rope hanging on the trolley,
The trolley includes a first trolley body that moves on the boom, and a second trolley body supported by the first trolley body trolley, and the second trolley body is configured with respect to the first trolley body. The trolley is supported so as to be movable in a direction intersecting the boom, and is configured as a composite trolley by providing a device for driving the second trolley body between the first trolley body and the second trolley body. Quay crane to do.   The sea trolley is a composite trolley composed of a first trolley body and a second trolley supported by the first trolley body so as to be movable in a direction crossing the boom, and the second trolley body is sequentially driven by a driving device. The quay crane according to claim 1, wherein the quay crane is driven so as to match the position of the connecting fitting provided on the hanger with the fitting hole opened on the upper surface of the container.   2. The quay crane according to claim 1, wherein the driving device of the second trolley is configured by any one of an electric screw, a cylinder device, and a rack and pinion gear device.   2. The quay crane according to claim 1, wherein the first trolley body is configured by a frame-like body, and the second trolley body is configured to move on a support base provided on the frame-like body.   A quay crane, wherein a rope between the trolley and a hanging tool is hung in a V shape, and a lateral runout generated during a shift operation is attenuated by a combination of tensions generated in the rope.

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