JP2010221311A - Dresser - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a dresser capable of exhibiting stable dressing performance, excellent in sharpness during dressing and finish dressing, and capable of carrying out rough dressing and finish dressing by one process. <P>SOLUTION: In a rotary type dresser 10, an abrasive grain layer 12 is protrusively arranged in a diameter expansion direction at an outer circumference of a disk like metal base, and a shaft hole for mounting the dresser 10 to a rotating drive shaft is formed at the center of the metal base. The abrasive grain layer 12 formed to make a rotary body shape with the axial center of the shaft hole of the metal base as a center is formed of a plurality of square-pillar diamond abrasive grains 15 with different grain diameters, a binder 16 or the like. These diamond abrasive grains 15 are arranged while end surfaces 15d parallel with axial centers 15T of square-pillar shapes are aligned with an imaginary reference surface 12f set at a final end side 12e in a traversing direction T in the abrasive grain layer 12, and end surfaces 15b parallel with the axial centers 15T that are positioned at the beginning end side 12s of the abrasive grain layer 12 are arranged unevenly. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a rotary type dresser that performs truing or dressing of a grindstone or a wheel formed using general abrasive grains, cBN abrasive grains, or diamond abrasive grains.

  As for the dresser, various techniques have been developed in the past. However, the “dresser” described in Patent Document 1 and the “Diamond Dresser” described in Patent Documents 2 and 3 are related to the present invention. .

  As shown in FIG. 14, the “dresser” described in Patent Document 1 includes an abrasive grain layer 70 formed of polyhedral diamond abrasive grains 71 and binders 72 having different grain diameters, and the diamond abrasive grains in the abrasive grain layer 70. The grains 71 are arranged so that the position of one end face 71 a thereof is aligned with a predetermined reference plane 73.

  As shown in FIG. 16, the “diamond dresser” described in Patent Document 2 includes an abrasive grain layer 80 formed of a columnar diamond 81 having a rectangular cross-sectional shape, a bonding material 82, and the like, and constitutes a rectangular cross-section of the columnar diamond 81. Of the sides 81 a, 81 b, 81 c and 81 d, the two upstream and downstream sides 81 a and 81 c are arranged so as to be perpendicular to the friction direction 83.

  As shown in FIG. 17, in the “diamond dresser” described in Patent Document 3, an abrasive grain layer 90 is formed of a columnar diamond 91 having a rectangular cross-sectional shape, a binder 92, and the like, and a diagonal 91a of the rectangular cross-section of the columnar diamond 91 is formed. They are arranged so as to be parallel to the friction direction 93.

JP 2005-1020 A Japanese Patent No. 2543660 Japanese Patent No. 3035486

  In the “dresser” shown in FIG. 14, the position of one end surface 71 a of the diamond abrasive grain 71 in the abrasive grain layer 70 is aligned with the reference surface 73, but these diamond abrasive grains 71 have a polyhedral shape, Since the diameters are also different, the position of the end surface 71a is shifted when each diamond abrasive grain 71 is gradually worn out in a dressing operation. That is, as shown in FIG. 15, as the wear of the diamond abrasive grains 71 progresses, the position of the end surface 71a of the diamond abrasive grains 71 exposed on the grinding surface 74 in contact with the workpiece (not shown) is centered from the reference plane 73. It will shift in the direction of the line 74c. Therefore, the original performance of the “dresser” may not be exhibited.

  On the other hand, in the “diamond dresser” shown in FIG. 16, the two sides 81a and 81c forming the rectangular cross section of the columnar diamond 81 are arranged so as to be perpendicular to the friction direction 83, but the remaining two sides 81b. , 81d (position in a direction perpendicular to the friction direction 83) is different for each columnar diamond 81, the sharpness of the dress is insufficient and the finish becomes rough.

  Further, in the “diamond dresser” shown in FIG. 17, the diagonal 91a of the rectangular cross section of the columnar diamond 91 is arranged in parallel to the friction direction 93, but the position of the edge portion 91b of the columnar diamond 91 is Since (the position in the direction perpendicular to the friction direction 93) is different for each columnar diamond 91, it is impossible to avoid the lack of sharpness of the dress and roughening of the finished surface, as described above.

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a dresser that exhibits stable dressing performance, is excellent in sharpness and finishing performance in a dress, and can perform rough dressing and finishing dress in one step. .

  The dresser of the present invention includes a rotating body-shaped abrasive grain layer including a plurality of diamond abrasive grains having a polygonal column shape and different lengths of sides intersecting with the axis, The diamond abrasive grains are arranged on one end side in the traverse direction in a state where an end face portion parallel to the polygonal column-shaped axis or an edge portion parallel to the polygonal column-shaped axis is aligned. The axis is the center line that penetrates the polygonal column shape in the longitudinal direction. The traverse direction is the direction in which the dresser (or object to be ground) moves during the dressing operation. The part that comes into contact is called the start side, and the part where the dresser separates from the workpiece is called the end side.

  With this configuration, the polygonal columnar shaft center of the diamond abrasive grains exposed on the surface of the abrasive grain layer is parallel to the wear direction (the direction of wear) of the abrasive grain layer. Even if the travel proceeds, the positions of the end face part and the edge part in the traverse direction are kept constant without changing, and stable dressing performance is exhibited. Further, the length of the side of the plane intersecting the axis of each diamond abrasive grain is different, so that the other end side in the traverse direction in the abrasive grain layer (the opposite side to the one end side) is parallel to the axis. Since the end face and the edge part are uneven, the dresser is traversed so that the surface of the abrasive layer contacts the work piece in order from one end side to the other end side of the abrasive layer. If it carries out, a dress with a good sharpness can be performed on one end side, and the finished surface can be made fine on the other end side. For this reason, the sharpness and finishing performance in the dress are excellent, and the coarse dress and the finished dress can be performed in one step.

  Here, if the chamfering is performed on the end surface portion located on one end side in the traverse direction of the abrasive layer, the biting of the abrasive layer with respect to the object to be ground when the cutting amount is increased is improved. Grinding efficiency increases.

  Moreover, if chamfering is performed on the end face portion located on the other end side in the traverse direction of the abrasive grain layer (opposite side of the one end side), occurrence of micro-cleavage of the end face portion of the diamond abrasive grain during dressing can be prevented. Therefore, scratches can be prevented and the finished surface can be made finer.

  On the other hand, when the length in the traverse direction of the end surface portion parallel to the traverse direction of the diamond abrasive grains having the smallest particle size among the plurality of diamond abrasive grains constituting the abrasive layer is set to 1, It is desirable that the length in the traverse direction of the end surface portion of the diamond abrasive grain having a large particle diameter parallel to the traverse direction is 1.2 to 2.0. With such a configuration, the interval between the abrasive grains in the abrasive layer (the interval between the diamond abrasive grains having the same length in the traverse direction of the end face part) is widened, and the diamond abrasive grains on one end side or the other end side are increased. Since the variation in the position in the traverse direction of the end face part and the edge part also increases, the sharpness on the rough dress side is improved.

  When the length in the traverse direction of the end face portion of the diamond abrasive grain having a larger particle size is smaller than 1.2 in comparison with the length in the traverse direction of the end face portion of the diamond grain having the minimum grain size, the diamond abrasive Since the grain size of the grains is too uniform and the gap between the irregular parts in the abrasive grain layer becomes narrow, and the biting on the object to be ground is deteriorated, the dressing efficiency is lowered, and if it is larger than 2.0, the diamond grinding Since the variation in the grain size of the grains becomes large and the gap between the grains in the abrasive grain layer becomes too wide to easily cause defects, the dressing efficiency is lowered and the finished surface is also deteriorated.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a dresser that exhibits stable dressing performance, is excellent in sharpness and finishing performance in a dress, and can perform a rough dress and a finished dress in one step.

It is a front view which shows the dresser which is 1st Embodiment of this invention. (A) is a side view of the dresser shown in FIG. 1, and (b) is a sectional view taken along line XX in FIG. It is a figure which shows a part of outer peripheral surface seen from the arrow Y direction of FIG. FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a region indicated by an arrow Z in FIG. FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a region indicated by an arrow U in FIG. 3. FIG. 6 is a perspective view schematically showing a part of the region shown in FIG. 5. It is a figure which shows the abrasion state of the area | region shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows typically the abrasive grain size in the area | region shown by the arrow line U of FIG. It is a figure which shows a part of outer peripheral surface of the dresser which is 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is the VV sectional view taken on the line in FIG. It is a figure which shows a part of outer peripheral surface of the dresser which is 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows typically a part of area | region shown in FIG. It is a graph which shows the verification result in an Example. It is a perspective view which shows typically a part of outer peripheral surface of the conventional dresser. It is a figure which shows a part of outer peripheral surface seen from the arrow W direction in FIG. It is a figure which shows the conventional dresser. It is a figure which shows the conventional dresser.

  Based on FIGS. 1-8, the rotary-type dresser 10 which is 1st Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the dresser 10 is provided with an abrasive grain layer 12 projecting in the diameter increasing direction on the outer periphery of a disk-shaped base metal 11, and the dresser 10 is rotated at the center of the base metal 11. A shaft hole 14 is provided for attachment to the drive shaft 13. The abrasive grain layer 12 is formed so as to form a rotating body centering on the shaft center 14c of the shaft hole 14, and the abrasive grain layer 12 has a quadrangular prism shape with different particle diameters as shown in FIGS. It is formed of a plurality of diamond abrasive grains 15 and a binder 16 (the lengths of the sides 15s of the crossing surface with the quadrangular prism-shaped axis 15T are different from each other). Here, the axial center 15T refers to a center line penetrating the rectangular prism-shaped diamond abrasive grains 15 in the longitudinal direction.

  These diamond abrasive grains 15 are aligned with a virtual reference plane 12f set on a terminal end side 12e which is one end side in the traverse direction T in the abrasive grain layer 12 and one end face portion 15d parallel to the square columnar axis 15T. The end surface portions 15b parallel to the axis 15T located on the starting end side 12s, which is the other end side, are in an irregular state. Here, the traverse direction T refers to the direction in which the dresser 10 moves during the dressing operation, the start end side 12s refers to the portion where the dresser 12 first contacts the workpiece (not shown), and the end side 12e. Is a portion where the dresser 12 is separated from the workpiece, and the virtual reference plane 12f is a plane orthogonal to the axis 14c of the dresser 10.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, when the dressing operation is performed while the dresser 10 rotating in the direction of the arrow R is moved in the traverse direction T, the outer peripheral surface of the abrasive grain layer 12 that scrapes the workpiece is shown in FIG. 4 wears in the wear direction W (direction approaching the axis 14c). However, in the dresser 10, as shown in FIG. 6, the axis 15 </ b> T of the square prism-shaped diamond abrasive grain 15 is parallel to the wear direction W of the abrasive grain layer 12, so that the abrasive grain layer 12 is formed by dressing. Even if the wear of the tip advances, the position of the end surface portion 15d in the traverse direction T does not change.

  That is, as shown in FIGS. 7A to 7C, even if the position of the outer peripheral surface of the abrasive grain layer 12 is changed in the wear direction W by the dressing operation, as shown in FIGS. In addition, since the position of the end face portion 15d is kept constant without changing in a state aligned with the virtual reference surface 12f, the dresser 10 exhibits stable dressing performance.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 8, since the lengths Lx, Ly, Lz in the traverse direction T of the end face portions 15a of the diamond abrasive grains 15x, 15y, 15z are different, the traverse direction T in the abrasive grain layer 12 is different. On the starting end side 12s, the positions of the end face portions 15b of the diamond abrasive grains 15x, 15y, and 15z are in an uneven state. For this reason, if dressing is performed by traversing the dresser 10 so as to come into contact with an object to be ground (not shown) in order from the start side 12s to the end side 12e of the abrasive grain layer 12, the start side 12s is sharp. Dressing can be performed, and the finished surface can be made finer at the end side 12e. Therefore, if the dressing operation is performed with the dresser 10 while moving the abrasive grain layer 12 in the traverse direction T, the rough dress and the finished dress can be performed in one step.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 8, in the dresser 10, among the plurality of diamond abrasive grains 15 x, 15 y, 15 z constituting the abrasive grain layer 12, the dresser 10 is parallel to the traverse direction T of the diamond abrasive grains 15 x having the smallest particle diameter. When the length Lx in the traverse direction T of the end face portions 15a and 15c is 1, the length of the end face portions 15a and 15c in the traverse direction T parallel to the traverse direction T of the diamond abrasive grains 15y and 15z having a larger particle size than this. Ly and Lz are set to 1.2 and 2.0, respectively. That is, for Lx = 1.0, Ly = 1.2 and Lz = 2.0.

  As described above, when the length Lx = 1 in the traverse direction T of the end face portions 15a and 15c that are parallel to the traverse direction T of the diamond abrasive grains 15x having the smallest particle diameter, the diamond abrasive grains 15y and 15z larger than the diamond abrasive grains 15y and 15z are formed. By setting the lengths Ly and Lz in the traverse direction T of the end face portions 15a and 15c parallel to the traverse direction T within the range of 1.2 to 2.0, as shown in FIG. The inner abrasive grain spacings 17x, 17y, and 17z can be widened, and the variation in the position in the traverse direction T of the end face portion 15b of the diamond abrasive grains 15x, 15y, and 15z on the starting end side 12s also increases. The sharpness of (starting side 12s) is excellent.

  When Ly and Lz are smaller than 1.2 with respect to Lx = 1, the lengths of the end surface portions in the traverse direction T of the diamond abrasive grains 15x, 15y, and 15z are too uniform, and the abrasive grain spacing in the abrasive grain layer 12 is increased. Since the bite becomes narrower and the biting on the object to be ground (the crop to be examined) deteriorates, the dressing efficiency decreases. Further, when Ly and Lz are larger than 2.0 with respect to Lx = 1, the variation in the length of the end surface portions in the traverse direction T of the diamond abrasive grains 15x, 15y, and 15z becomes large, and the abrasive grains in the abrasive grain layer 12 are increased. Since the grain spacing becomes too wide and defects are likely to occur, the dressing efficiency decreases and the finished surface also deteriorates.

  In the present embodiment, the length Ly = 1.2 in the traverse direction T of the end surface portions 15a, 15c parallel to the traverse direction T of the diamond abrasive grains 15y is an example, and the present invention is not limited to this. Therefore, Ly can be set to any value within the range of 1.2 to 2.0 (for example, 1.5, 1.8, etc.) according to the dressing work conditions.

  As described above, the dresser 10 is excellent in sharpness and finishing performance during dressing, and it is possible to perform rough dressing and finishing dressing with this one. In particular, the dresser 10 can perform from the start side 12s to the end side 12e. By dressing while traversing, a rough dress and a finished dress can be performed in one step. Further, if the dressing is performed in such a manner that the rotational drive shaft 13 of the dresser 10 is tilted and the starting end side 12s of the abrasive grain layer 12 is in contact with the workpiece, the efficiency of the rough dressing operation is increased. If dressing is performed in such a state that the terminal side 12e of the grain layer 12 is in contact with the workpiece to be ground, the efficiency of the finishing dressing operation is increased.

  Next, based on FIG. 9, FIG. 10, the rotary type dresser 20 which is 2nd Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated. As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, in the dresser 20, the diamond abrasive grains 25 constituting the abrasive grain layer 22 have a quadrangular prism shape on the virtual reference surface 22 f on the terminal side 22 e in the traverse direction T in the abrasive grain layer 22. Are arranged in a state where one end face portion 25d parallel to the axial center 25T is aligned, and the end face portion 25b on the start end side 22s is arranged in an irregular state. Further, a chamfer 25f is applied to the end surface portion 25b located on the start end side 22s of the abrasive grain layer 22, and a chamfer 25e is applied to the end surface portion 25d located on the end side 22e.

  Even if the cutting amount is increased (for example, 20 μm or more) by chamfering 25 f on the end surface portion 25 b located on the starting end side 22 s in the traverse direction T of the abrasive grain layer 22, the object to be ground Since the biting of the abrasive layer 22 with respect to is improved, the grinding efficiency at the time of dressing is increased. Further, the chamfer 25e is applied to the end face portion 25d located on the terminal end side 22e in the traverse direction T of the abrasive grain layer 22, thereby preventing the occurrence of micro-cleavage of the end face portion 25d of the diamond abrasive grain 25 during dressing. Therefore, scratches can be prevented and the finished surface can be made finer.

  Next, a rotary dresser 30 according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, in the dresser 30, each of the square prism-shaped diamond abrasive grains 35 constituting the abrasive grain layer 32 has a different particle diameter (the side of the crossing surface with the square cylinder-shaped axis 35T). 35s have different lengths), and the virtual reference surface 32f on the end side 32e in the traverse direction T in the abrasive grain layer 32 is arranged in a state in which one edge 35d parallel to the quadrangular columnar axis 35T is aligned. On the start end side 32s, the edge portion 35b parallel to the axis 35T is in an irregular state.

  When the dressing operation is performed while moving the dresser 30 in the traverse direction T, the outer peripheral surface of the abrasive grain layer 32 that scrapes the workpiece is worn in the wear direction W shown in FIG. Since the edge 35d of the square-corner-shaped diamond abrasive grains 35 is parallel to the axis 35T, that is, parallel to the wear direction W of the abrasive grain layer 32, the wear of the abrasive grain layer 32 proceeds by the dressing operation. Even so, the position of the edge portion 35d in the traverse direction T does not change.

  That is, even if the position of the outer peripheral surface of the abrasive layer 32 is changed in the wear direction W by the dressing operation, the position of the edge portion 35d is kept constant without changing in a state aligned with the virtual reference surface 32f. The dresser 30 exhibits stable dressing performance.

  Each of the dressers 10, 20, and 30 described above is a straight dresser in which the abrasive grain layers 12, 22, and 32 are provided on the outer periphery of the disk-shaped base metal 11 shown in FIG. However, since the present invention is not limited to these, it can be used in, for example, a bowl-shaped or dish-shaped dresser, and the same effects as described above can be obtained.

  Hereinafter, experimental results for demonstrating the performance of the dresser according to the above-described embodiment will be described. In the dresser 10 shown in FIGS. 1 to 8, end face portions 15 a and 15 c that are parallel to the traverse direction T of the diamond abrasive grains 15 x having the smallest grain size among the diamond abrasive grains 15 x, 15 y, and 15 z constituting the abrasive grain layer 12. When the length Lx is 1.0, the lengths of the end face portions 15a and 15c parallel to the traverse direction T of the diamond abrasive grains 15y and 15z having a larger particle diameter are set to Ly and Lz of 1.2 to 2, respectively. In order to compare the dressing performance when the value was within the range of 0.0 and outside the range, the dressing operation was performed under the conditions shown in Table 1, and the verification results shown in FIG. 13 were obtained.

  As shown in FIGS. 8 and 13, when the length Lx = 1.0 in the traverse direction T of the end face portions 15a and 15c of the diamond grain 15x having the smallest grain size is set, the diamond having a grain size larger than that of the diamond grain 15x. When the lengths Ly and Lz in the traverse direction T of the end faces 15a and 15c of the abrasive grains 15y and 15z are 1.15 or less, the deletion amount is small, and within the range of 1.2 to 2.0, the deletion amount is large. When it is 2.05 or more, not only the diamond abrasive grains are lost and the dressing efficiency is lowered, but also the chipping of the workpiece (grindstone) caused by the rough dressing on the start side 12s is removed by the finishing dress on the end side 12e. Since it can not be done, the finished surface will deteriorate.

  Therefore, when the length Lx in the traverse direction T of the end face portions 15a and 15c of the diamond grain 15x having the minimum grain size is 1.0, the end face portions 15a and 15c of the diamond abrasive grains 15y and 15z having a larger grain size than this. It has been found that the lengths Ly and Lz in the traverse direction T are preferably in the range of 1.2 to 2.0.

  The dresser of the present invention can be widely used as a truing means or dressing means for a grindstone or wheel formed using general abrasive grains, cBN abrasive grains or diamond abrasive grains as a blade material.

10, 20, 30 Dresser 11 Base 12, 22, 32 Abrasive grain layer 12s, 22s, 32s Start side 12e, 22e, 32e End side 12f Virtual reference plane 13 Rotation drive shaft 14 Shaft hole 15, 15x, 15y, 15z, 25, 35 Diamond abrasive grains 15a to 15d, 25b, 25d End faces 15s, 35s Sides 15T, 25T, 35T Axes 25e, 25f Chamfers 35b, 35d Edges 16 Binders 17x, 17y, 17z Abrasive spacing Lx, Ly , Lz End surface length in traverse direction R Arrow line T Traverse direction W Wear direction

Claims (4)

  A rotating body-shaped abrasive grain layer including a plurality of diamond abrasive grains having a polygonal column shape and different lengths of sides intersecting with the axis thereof, and on one end side in the traverse direction in the abrasive grain layer The dresser characterized in that the diamond abrasive grains are arranged in a state in which an end face portion parallel to the polygonal column-shaped axis or an edge portion parallel to the polygonal column-shaped axis is aligned.   The dresser of Claim 1 which chamfered the said end surface part located in the one end side of the traverse direction of the said abrasive grain layer.   The dresser according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the end face portion located on the other end side in the traverse direction of the abrasive grain layer is chamfered.   When the length in the traverse direction of the end surface portion parallel to the traverse direction of the diamond abrasive grains having the smallest particle diameter among the plurality of diamond abrasive grains constituting the abrasive layer is set to 1, The dresser according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a length of the end surface portion of the diamond abrasive grain having a large diameter parallel to the traverse direction is 1.2 to 2.0. .

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