JP2010196783A - Actuator - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an actuator without requiring a design change in a conventional component, even when requiring to arrange boots for covering the sliding part between a bearing and a shaft, when the installation position and a service condition of the actuator are changed. <P>SOLUTION: This actuator 1 has the bearing 3 for holding and sliding the shaft 2 in the axial direction. The actuator adopts a constitution including a bracket 4 installed to the bearing part 3, the boots 5 for covering the sliding part between the shaft 2 and the bearing part 3 and a sandwiching member 6 installed on the bracket 4 by fastening members 41 and 42 for installing the bracket 4 in the bearing 3 and sandwiching one end in the axial direction of the boots 5 between the bearing 3 and itself. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

 The present invention relates to an actuator having a bearing portion that holds a shaft and slides in an axial direction.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an actuator having a bearing portion that holds a shaft and slides in an axial direction is used as a drive portion provided in a vehicle or the like.
Such an actuator is for operating other equipment provided in a vehicle or the like. For example, a wastegate valve of a turbocharger that supercharges air to an engine, a variable nozzle of a variable capacity turbocharger, etc. It is provided to operate. As types of actuators, there are a pneumatic type, a hydraulic type, an electric type and the like that use the pressure of air or exhaust gas discharged from the engine.

The bearing portion holds the shaft slidably in the axial direction, and there is a slight gap in the sliding portion between the bearing portion and the shaft. When water or dust enters the inside of the bearing portion from this gap, there is a possibility that parts (for example, a diaphragm or the like in the case of a pneumatic / hydraulic actuator) corroded inside the bearing portion. Furthermore, when the vehicle is used in a cold region, the water that has entered the inside of the bearing portion may freeze and the actuator may not be able to operate. Therefore, it is necessary to install the actuator at a position where it is not exposed to water or dust, or to provide the actuator with a boot or the like that covers the sliding portion.
Here, Patent Document 1 discloses an actuator having a boot that covers the sliding portion.
The bearing portion of the actuator disclosed in Patent Literature 1 has a locking portion for locking and holding one end portion in the axial direction of the boot.

JP 2007-327628 A (page 8, FIG. 1)

By the way, as described above, if it is possible to install the actuator at a position where it is not exposed to water or dust, there is no need to provide a boot on the sliding portion, and a locking portion for holding the boot for reasons such as cost. Actuators that do not have etc. are used.
However, the mounting position and operating conditions of the actuator may be changed due to a design change or the like on the vehicle side. In this case, it is necessary to provide a boot on the conventional actuator. And since it is necessary to provide the bearing part of an actuator with the part which hold | maintains the one end part in the axial direction of a boot, the design change will arise in the conventional component part in an actuator, and the subject that an effort and cost will rise. there were.

 The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and when the mounting position and operating conditions of the actuator are changed, it is necessary to provide a boot that covers the sliding portion between the bearing portion and the shaft. However, an object of the present invention is to provide an actuator that does not require a design change related to the conventional component parts.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention employs the following means.
The actuator of the present invention is an actuator having a bearing portion that holds a shaft and slides in the axial direction, a bracket that is attached to the bearing portion, a boot that covers the sliding portion between the shaft and the bearing portion, and a bracket A configuration is adopted in which a fastening member for attaching the bearing to the bearing portion is attached to the bracket, and a sandwiching member that sandwiches one end portion in the axial direction of the boot with the bearing portion is employed.
In the present invention employing such a configuration, the holding member is attached to the bracket by a fastening member for attaching the bracket to the bearing portion. Moreover, in this invention, the said one end part is hold | maintained at a bearing part by clamping the one end part in the axial direction of a boot with the clamping member and bearing part which were attached to the bracket.

Moreover, the actuator of this invention employ | adopts the structure that the axis | shaft penetrates and is fitted in the other end part in the axial direction of a boot.
In the present invention employing such a configuration, the outer peripheral surface of the shaft is in close contact with the other end portion over the entire circumference.

Moreover, the actuator of this invention employ | adopts the structure that a shaft has a latching | locking part for latching the other end part in the axial direction of a boot in an axial direction.
In the present invention employing such a configuration, the other end portion is displaced following the displacement of the shaft in the axial direction.

Moreover, the actuator of this invention employ | adopts the structure that the one end part in the axial direction of a boot is clamped by the bearing part and the clamping member over the perimeter around the axis | shaft.
In the present invention adopting such a configuration, the one end portion is in close contact with the bearing portion around the entire axis.

According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.
According to the present invention, even when the mounting position and operating conditions of the actuator are changed and it is necessary to provide a boot that covers the sliding portion between the bearing portion and the shaft, the design related to the conventional components in the actuator can be performed. There is an effect that the boot can be provided without being changed.

It is the schematic which shows the structure of the actuator 1 which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is AA sectional view taken on the line of FIG.1 (b). It is the schematic of the plate 6 in 1st Embodiment. It is a front view which shows the structure of the actuator 1A which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 4. It is the schematic of plate 6A in 2nd Embodiment. It is the schematic which shows the 1st modification of the boot 5 in 1st Embodiment. It is the schematic which shows the 2nd modification of the boot 5 in 1st Embodiment. It is the schematic which shows the modification of the rod 2A and the boot 5 in 2nd Embodiment.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[First Embodiment]
A configuration of the actuator 1 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.
1A and 1B are schematic views illustrating the configuration of the actuator 1 according to the first embodiment, in which FIG. 1A is a side view and FIG. 1B is a front view. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 3A and 3B are schematic views of the plate 6 in the first embodiment, where FIG. 3A is a plan view and FIG. 3B is a side view.

The actuator 1 is a drive unit used for operating various devices (not shown) provided in a vehicle or the like (not shown). Examples of the device include a waste gate valve of a turbocharger and a variable nozzle of a variable capacity turbocharger.
The actuator 1 is a pneumatic actuator that operates by utilizing the difference between the pressure of air or exhaust gas discharged from an engine (not shown) and the atmospheric pressure. The actuator 1 may be either a positive pressure type or a negative pressure type.

 As shown in FIG. 1, the actuator 1 includes a rod (shaft) 2 that is a shaft member extending in one direction, a cup (bearing portion) 3 that holds the rod 2 slidably in the axial direction, and a cup 3. Bracket 4 for installing the vehicle on the vehicle, a boot 5 covering the sliding portion 31 (see FIG. 2) between the rod 2 and the cup 3, and an end 52 of the boot 5 in the axial direction of the rod 2 (see FIG. 2). ) Is held in the cup 3.

 A male threaded portion 21 is formed at the end opposite to the cup 3 of the rod 2, and a turnbuckle 22 for connecting the rod 2 to other equipment of the vehicle is screwed into the male threaded portion 21. It is connected. In addition, a lock nut 23 that is a rotation stopper of the turnbuckle 22 is screwed to the male screw portion 21 and fastened.

The cup 3 has a configuration in which a first cylindrical member 3a and a second cylindrical member 3b having a substantially cylindrical shape with a bottom are integrally connected in a direction in which the inner walls of the bottom portions face each other. The first cylindrical member 3a is located on the turnbuckle 22 side, and the second cylindrical member 3b is located on the opposite side of the turnbuckle 22 and has a diameter smaller than that of the first cylindrical member 3a. A diaphragm (not shown) is provided inside the cup 3 in a direction that is elastic and orthogonal to the axial direction of the rod 2, and a first space (not shown) on the side of the first cylindrical member 3 a defined by the diaphragm. And a second space (not shown) on the second cylindrical member 3b side is formed. A spring member (not shown) for holding the diaphragm in a predetermined position is provided inside the cup 3.
The end of the rod 2 opposite to the turnbuckle 22 is connected to the diaphragm, and the rod 2 is also displaced in the axial direction along with the displacement of the diaphragm.

A hole (not shown) is formed in the first cylindrical member 3a, and the first space on the first cylindrical member 3a side communicates with the outside through the hole. A bearing 32 (see FIG. 2) of the rod 2 is provided at the bottom of the first cylindrical member 3a.
A pipe connection portion 33 is provided at the bottom of the second cylindrical member 3b. The pipe connection portion 33 communicates with the second space on the second cylindrical member 3b side and is connected to a pressure generation source (not shown) that generates a positive pressure or a negative pressure via a gas flow pipe.

The bracket 4 is a member that is used to connect the cup 3 to a turbocharger installed in the vehicle, and is formed by bending a plate-like material with a press or the like. The bracket 4 is attached to the bottom outer surface of the first cylindrical member 3a by a plurality of countersunk screws (fastening members) 41 and a plurality of nuts (fastening members) 42.
As shown in FIG. 2, the countersunk screw 41 is provided so as to protrude outward from the inside of the bottom portion of the first cylindrical member 3 a, and sandwiches the bottom portion of the first cylindrical member 3 a and the bracket 4 between the nut 42. Thus, the bracket 4 is attached to the first cylindrical member 3a.

The boot 5 is a bellows-like member that is formed of rubber, resin, or the like and can be expanded and contracted in the axial direction of the rod 2, and the rod 2 passes through the inside thereof. Both end portions in the axial direction of the boot 5 are formed thicker than the middle abdomen 51.
An end portion (one end portion) 52 on the cup 3 side of the boot 5 is sandwiched between the bottom portion of the first cylindrical member 3 a and the bracket 4 and the plate 6 and is held in contact with the bracket 4.
The rod 2 penetrates and fits in an end portion (other end portion) 53 on the turnbuckle 22 side of the boot 5 in the axial direction. Therefore, the outer peripheral surface of the rod 2 is in close contact with the end portion 53 over the entire circumference.

As shown in FIG. 3, the plate 6 is a member formed by bending a plate-like material having a substantially rectangular shape by a press or the like, and the first plate portion 61 and the second plate portion 62 are connected by a step portion 63. It becomes the composition.
The first plate portion 61 is formed with a hole portion 64 through which the male screw portion of the countersunk screw 41 can pass. The second plate portion 62 is formed with a substantially semicircular recess 65, and the diameter of the recess 65 is formed to be larger than the outer diameter of the middle abdomen 51 in the boot 5. The height of the step portion 63 in the thickness direction of the plate 6 is slightly lower than the height of the end portion 52 of the boot 5 in the axial direction.

As shown in FIG. 1, not only the bottom part of the first cylindrical member 3a and the bracket 4 but also the first plate part 61 of the plate 6 is sandwiched between the pair of countersunk screws 41 and nuts 42. By this clamping, the plate 6 Is attached in contact with the bracket 4. The male screw portion of the countersunk screw 41 passes through the hole portion 64 (see FIG. 3) of the first plate portion 61.
Since the height of the stepped portion 63 (see FIG. 3) is slightly lower than the height of the end portion 52, the first plate portion 61 is attached in contact with the bracket 4 so that the end portion 52 of the boot 5 is attached. Is sandwiched between the bottom of the first cylindrical member 3a and the bracket 4 and the second plate 62, and the end 52 is held in contact with the bracket 4. Here, the second plate portion 62 is not configured to sandwich the end portion 52 over the entire circumference, but since the end portion 52 is formed thick and has a certain rigidity, It is in close contact with the bracket 4 substantially uniformly over the circumference.

 Next, the operation of the actuator 1 according to this embodiment will be described.

When the pressure generation source generates positive pressure or negative pressure, the diaphragm provided in the cup 3 is displaced.
When the actuator 1 according to the present embodiment is a positive pressure type actuator, the pressure in the second space in the cup 3 increases due to the pressure generation source generating a positive pressure. Since the first space in the cup 3 communicates with the outside, the diaphragm is biased and displaced toward the first cylindrical member 3a by the pressure difference between the first space and the second space. The rod 2 is also slid and displaced in the direction protruding from the cup 3.

 On the other hand, when the actuator 1 according to the present embodiment is a negative pressure type actuator, the pressure in the second space in the cup 3 decreases due to the negative pressure generated by the pressure generation source. Since the first space in the cup 3 communicates with the outside, the diaphragm is biased and displaced toward the second cylindrical member 3b by the pressure difference between the first space and the second space. The rod 2 is also slid and displaced in the direction of entering the cup 3.

 Since the rod 2 is connected to other equipment of the vehicle via the turnbuckle 22, the equipment can be operated when the rod 2 is displaced.

By the way, when the actuator 1 is installed at a position where it is exposed to water or dust, problems such as corrosion occur due to water entering from the sliding portion 31 between the rod 2 and the cup 3. Since the actuator 1 in this embodiment has the boot 5 that covers the sliding portion 31, the possibility of the occurrence of the above problem can be greatly reduced.
The end 52 of the boot 5 is in close contact with the bracket 4 substantially uniformly over the entire circumference, and the outer peripheral surface of the rod 2 is in close contact with the end 53 of the boot 5 over the entire circumference. The boot 5 can prevent water and dust from entering the cup 3. Therefore, the installation / use conditions of the actuator 1 are eased.
Further, since the middle part 51 of the boot 5 has a bellows shape, the end part 53 can follow the displacement of the rod 2 in the axial direction. At this time, sliding in the axial direction between the inner peripheral surface of the end portion 53 and the outer peripheral surface of the rod 2 may occur.

 Further, the plate 6 for holding the end portion 52 on the bracket 4 is sandwiched between a flat head screw 41 and a nut 42 which are originally fastening members for attaching the bracket 4 to the bottom outer surface of the first cylindrical member 3a. 4 is attached. Therefore, even if the actuator 1 is not initially provided with the boot 5, the design of the conventional components of the actuator 1 (for example, the first cylindrical member 3 a and the bracket 4) can be changed by using the plate 6. The boot 5 can be provided without.

Here, a method of attaching the boot 5 to the actuator 1 that is not originally provided with the boot 5 will be described.
First, after loosening the lock nut 23, which is a detent for the turnbuckle 22, the turnbuckle 22 and the locknut 23 are rotated with respect to the rod 2 and removed from the male screw portion 21. Further, a predetermined nut 42 used for attaching the plate 6 is removed.

Next, the boot 5 is attached to the rod 2. The boot 5 is attached to the rod 2 from the male screw portion 21 side so that the end portion 52 of the boot 5 faces the bracket 4. The end 52 is brought into contact with the bracket 4, and the end 53 is fitted with a portion other than the male screw portion 21 of the rod 2.
Next, the male screw portion of the countersunk screw 41 is passed through the hole portion 64 of the plate 6 and the second plate portion 62 of the plate 6 is brought into contact with the surface of the end portion 52 opposite to the bracket 4. In this state, the end 42 of the boot 5 can be clamped and fixed by the second plate portion 62 and the bracket 4 by screwing and tightening the nut 42 to the countersunk screw 41.

Finally, the lock nut 23 and the turnbuckle 22 are sequentially screwed onto the male thread portion 21 of the rod 2, and then the locknut 23 is tightened to fix the turnbuckle 22.
This completes the operation of attaching the boot 5 to the actuator 1 that is not originally provided with the boot 5.

Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
According to the present embodiment, even when the mounting position and operating conditions of the actuator 1 are changed and it is necessary to provide the boot 5 that covers the sliding portion 31 between the rod 2 and the cup 3, the conventional one in the actuator 1 is used. There is an effect that the boot 5 can be provided without changing the design of the component.

[Second Embodiment]
The configuration of the actuator 1A according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 4 is a front view showing the configuration of the actuator 1A according to the second embodiment. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 6A and 6B are schematic views of a plate 6A according to the second embodiment, where FIG. 6A is a plan view and FIG. 6B is a side view. 4 to 6, the same reference numerals are given to the same elements as those of the first embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted.

As shown in FIG. 5, the rod 2 </ b> A in this embodiment is a shaft member extending in one direction, and, like the first embodiment, a male screw portion is provided at the end opposite to the cup 3 of the rod 2 </ b> A. 21 is formed. A concave portion (locking portion) 24 is provided in the vicinity of the male screw portion 21 of the rod 2A. The recess 24 is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the rod 2A over the entire circumference in the circumferential direction, and the cross section in the axial direction has a substantially rectangular shape.
An end 53 of the boot 5 is fitted in the recess 24. The inner diameter of the end portion 53 is formed substantially the same as the outer diameter of the recess 24, and the inner peripheral surface of the end portion 53 is in close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the recess 24.

 When the rod 2 </ b> A is displaced in the axial direction, the end portion 53 of the boot 5 is fitted in the recess 24, so that sliding between the inner peripheral surface of the end portion 53 and the outer peripheral surface of the recess 24 does not occur. The end portion 53 follows the displacement of the rod 2A. Therefore, deterioration and wear due to sliding on the inner peripheral surface of the end portion 53 can be prevented.

As shown in FIG. 6, the plate 6A in the present embodiment is a member formed by bending a plate-like material having a substantially rectangular shape by a press or the like, and the first plate portion 61 and the second plate portion 62A are stepped portions. 63 is connected.
A second hole portion 66 is formed in the second plate portion 62 </ b> A, and the diameter of the second hole portion 66 is larger than the outer diameter of the middle abdominal portion 51 in the boot 5. The method of attaching the plate 6A to the bracket 4 is the same as in the first embodiment.

 As shown in FIG. 4, the second plate portion 62 </ b> A of the plate 6 </ b> A sandwiches the end portion 52 of the boot 5 over the entire circumference between the first cylindrical member 3 a and the bracket 4. Is in close contact with the bracket 4 over the entire circumference.

 Here, also when attaching the boot 5 and the plate 6A in this embodiment to the actuator 1 that does not originally include the boot 5, it can be attached by the same method as in the first embodiment. In the present embodiment, it is necessary to fit the end portion 53 of the boot 5 into the concave portion 24 of the rod 2.

Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
According to this embodiment, in addition to the effects obtained by the first embodiment, the effect of preventing deterioration and wear due to the sliding of the inner peripheral surface of the end 53 of the boot 5, and the end 52 There is an effect that the adhesion with the bracket 4 can be improved and the waterproof and dustproof properties can be improved.

 Note that the operation procedures shown in the above-described embodiment, or the shapes and combinations of the components are examples, and can be variously changed based on process conditions, design requirements, and the like without departing from the gist of the present invention. is there.

 For example, in the above embodiment, the actuators 1 and 1A are both pneumatic actuators, but the present invention is not limited to such a configuration, and may be hydraulic or electric actuators.

Further, in the first embodiment, the end 53 of the boot 5 is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the rod 2 in the vicinity of the male screw portion 21, but may be configured as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. .
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a first modification of the boot 5 in the first embodiment. FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a second modification of the boot 5 in the first embodiment.
In the first modification shown in FIG. 7, the end portion 53 is fitted to the male screw portion 21. Further, in the second modification shown in FIG. 8, the end portion 53 is formed in a shape that can be fitted not only to the male screw portion 21 but also to the lock nut 23.

Further, in the second embodiment, the concave portion 24 is formed in the rod 2A, but it may be configured as shown in FIG.
FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing a modification of the rod 2A and the boot 5 in the second embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 9, a convex portion (locking portion) 25 is provided in the vicinity of the male screw portion 21 of the rod 2A. The convex portion 25 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the rod 2A over the entire circumference in the circumferential direction, and the cross section in the axial direction has a substantially semicircular shape. Further, a concave portion into which the convex portion 25 is fitted is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the end portion 53 of the boot 5. Even with such a configuration, the end portion 53 can follow the displacement of the rod 2A in the axial direction.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Actuator, 2 ... Rod (shaft), 24 ... Concave part (locking part), 25 ... Convex part (locking part), 3 ... Cup (bearing part), 31 ... Sliding part, 4 ... Bracket, 41 ... Flat head screw (fastening member), 42 ... nut (fastening member), 5 ... boot, 52 ... end (one end), 53 ... end (other end), 6 ... plate (clamping member)

Claims (4)

An actuator having a bearing portion that holds the shaft and slides in the axial direction,
A bracket attached to the bearing portion;
A boot covering a sliding portion between the shaft and the bearing portion;
An actuator comprising: a clamping member which is attached to the bracket by a fastening member for attaching the bracket to the bearing portion, and which clamps one end portion of the boot in the axial direction with the bearing portion.  The actuator according to claim 1, wherein the shaft penetrates and is fitted to the other end portion of the boot in the axial direction.  The actuator according to claim 2, wherein the shaft has a locking portion for locking the other end portion in the axial direction. The actuator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the one end portion is sandwiched between the bearing portion and the sandwiching member around the entire axis.

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