JP2010194427A - Preservation method for high water content organic matter and solid fuel produced from the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a preservation method for high water content organic matter which involves treatment for the high water content organic matter without a drying process, and can obtain a solid fuel, which is free of odor generation and mold propagation, has an excellent preserving property, and has sufficient calorie, without drying the high water content organic matter as a raw material. <P>SOLUTION: A mixing process for mixing at least 60 pts.wt. of coal coke powder or coal powder with 100 pts.wt. of the high water content organic matter is carried out to reduce the water content of the high water content organic matter to 35% or less to store the obtained organic matter. The solid fuel is produced from the high water content organic matter stored by the method. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a treatment of a high water content organic substance without performing a drying step, and relates to a storage method of the high water content organic substance and a solid fuel produced from the high water content organic substance.

Highly water-containing organic matter, such as livestock manure, chicken manure, compost, coffee candy, tea husk, palm empty fruit bunch, bark, paper sludge, sewage sludge, and sludge discharged from wastewater treatment facilities in food factories are high in water and in large quantities When deposited, it becomes an anaerobic state due to the activity of microorganisms, and a bad odor due to spoilage is likely to occur, and it is difficult to store it as it is because of environmental considerations.
On the other hand, these highly water-containing organic substances are biologically-derived resources, and are attracting attention as fuels that do not increase carbon dioxide, and a method for producing solid fuels with countermeasures against odors has been proposed.

For example, as a technology for suppressing the unique odor derived from sewage sludge, which is a highly water-containing organic substance, and converting sewage sludge into fuel, the sewage sludge is dried to form dry sludge, and then a portion of the dried sludge is carbonized. A technique for obtaining a solid fuel by mixing activated sludge activated carbon and untreated dry sludge and adding quick lime or slaked lime as required is disclosed (see Patent Document 1).
In addition, as other techniques, sewage sludge or livestock excrement is formed into a lump of a predetermined size, surface molding that makes the density of the surface of the lump formed higher than the internal density, and surface-molded lump A method for suppressing odor by forming a shell on the surface of the lump by heat-treating the body has been proposed (see Patent Document 2).
Furthermore, a method for producing a solid fuel that forms a mixture of okara, crude oil sludge, paper sludge, and citric acid and stabilizes the citric acid by its deodorizing, sterilizing, and anti-corrosion effects has been proposed (see Patent Document 3). ).

JP 11-323359 A JP 2008-050458 A JP-A-10-130671

However, the method disclosed in Patent Document 1 requires a drying process for reducing the moisture contained in the sewage sludge and a carbonization process for carbonizing part of the dried sludge, and produces fuel from the sewage sludge. In addition to requiring enormous heat energy in the process up to, it is necessary to take measures against odors generated in the drying process and carbonization process.
Similarly, the method disclosed in Patent Document 2 is not an economical method because it is indispensable to input heat energy, and measures against odor are required, which increases equipment costs and running costs. In addition, high water content organic matter such as sewage sludge, paper sludge, and livestock manure contains a large amount of inorganic components such as calcium, so that the amount of heat of solid fuel obtained by drying alone remains low, and therefore its utility value as fuel is low. .
Moreover, although the citric acid addition disclosed in Patent Document 3 reduces the hydrogen ion concentration pH of the highly water-containing organic matter, the growth of bacteria is suppressed, but the growth of filamentous fungi (molds) that are active in the acidic region is suppressed. It ’s difficult. When the filamentous fungus grows, the solid fuel produced is covered with the mycelium of the filamentous fungus and becomes a lump and clogs the equipment hopper, etc. is there.

  Therefore, in view of the problems of the prior art, the present invention has a high water content that can provide a solid fuel with good storage stability and sufficient calorific value without drying with high water content organic matter as a raw material and without the occurrence of odors and the growth of filamentous fungi. It aims at providing the preservation | save method of organic substance.

As a result of diligent studies to solve the above problems, by mixing a certain amount or more of coal with high water content organic matter, the odor is reduced even when the mixture contains a relatively moisture content of 20 to 35%. As a result, the inventors have found that the storage stability is improved, and have completed the present invention.
The gist of the present invention is as follows.
(1) A method for treating high water content organic matter without drying, wherein a mixing step of mixing at least 60 parts by weight of coal coke powder or coal powder with respect to 100 parts by weight of high water content organic material is carried out, and high water content It is a processing method characterized in that the moisture content of the organic substance is 35% or less.
(2) In the mixing step, an alkaline material is further blended, and the hydrogen ion concentration is adjusted to pH 10 or more.
(3) A treatment method characterized by providing a granulation step for granulating the material after the mixing step.
(4) A solid fuel produced from a high water content organic substance, obtained by mixing at least 60 parts by weight of coal coke powder or coal powder with respect to 100 parts by weight of the high water content organic substance without drying. A solid fuel having a moisture content of a highly water-containing organic substance of 35% or less.
(5) A solid fuel obtained by mixing an alkaline material and having a hydrogen ion concentration of pH 10 or more.
(6) A solid fuel characterized by being formed into a granular shape through a granulation step.

Highly water-containing organic matter according to the present invention includes livestock excrement, poultry manure, compost, coffee cake, tea husk, palm empty fruit bunch, bark, paper sludge, sewage sludge and sludge discharged from wastewater treatment facilities of food factories. A material containing a large amount of water is raised, and a material having a moisture content of 40% or more that is difficult to burn can be used.
Moreover, in the case of a high water content organic substance with a long fiber like palm empty fruit bunches and bark, those crushed to 20 mm or less can be used.

The coal coke powder and coal powder used in the present invention preferably have a particle size of 3 mm or less in order to uniformly mix with high water content organic matter, and 60 parts by weight or more are mixed with 100 parts by weight of high water content organic matter. To do.
If the addition amount of coal coke powder and coal powder is less than this, the effect of suppressing odor is poor, the moisture content of the high water content organic matter does not decrease, and the heat amount of the finally obtained solid fuel becomes low.
Moreover, in this invention, a moisture content shall be 35% or less by mixing coal coke powder and coal powder. As a result, a solid fuel having a strength with no handling problems can be obtained in the next granulation step, and there is no need for drying.

The alkaline material used in the present invention can be used as long as the hydrogen ion concentration pH of a solid fuel composed of a high water content organic substance and coal coke or coal powder is 10 or more. For example, an alkali metal such as sodium or potassium can be used. A compound containing an alkaline earth metal such as calcium or magnesium, or an organic base compound such as ammonia, methylamine or ethanolamine can be used.
Examples of the compound containing an alkali metal include sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate and the like.
Examples of the compound containing an alkaline earth metal include calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide, and magnesium hydroxide.
In addition, the combustion ash obtained by burning paper sludge can be used as the alkaline material of the present invention because it contains a large amount of calcium and exhibits alkalinity. These materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

By adding the alkaline material, the activity of the filamentous fungus is suppressed and the storage stability of the solid fuel is enhanced by setting the hydrogen ion concentration of the solid fuel composed of the high water content organic substance and coal coke or coal powder to pH 10 or more.
In the present invention, after mixing high water content organic matter, coal coke or coal powder, and alkali material, a granulation step is provided and granulated.
As granulation means, rolling granulation with an inclined dish-shaped drum, stirring granulation using high-speed rotating wings in the drum, briquetting granulation sandwiched between rotating rollers, dicing with stepping pressure of rotating rollers Pellet granulation, etc., which is pressed into a multi-hole and molded into a cylindrical shape is raised, and the particle size of the solid fuel granulated by the granulation process is preferably 2 to 50 mm.

According to the present invention, the following excellent effects are exhibited.
(1) According to the invention described in claim 1, since a large amount of coal coke powder and coal powder having a high calorific value are mixed with high water content organic matter, the fuel can be used as a fuel without supplying enormous energy for drying. Solid fuels with available heat can be produced and stored.
Moreover, the odor generated from the high water content organic matter is suppressed by the adsorption action of the coal coke powder and the coal powder, and can be stored without adversely affecting the surrounding environment. For this reason, even when the fuel cannot be used immediately as a fuel for maintenance and inspection of a combustion furnace or the like, it can be stored and transported for a long period of time, and the combustion timing and combustion location can be easily controlled.
Further, when papermaking sludge is used as a raw material with high water content, a solid fuel in which papermaking sludge and coal coke powder or coal powder are combined is obtained. Since this solid fuel contains calcium-based inorganic components in addition to cellulose (biomass) in papermaking sludge, it becomes a fuel that can be expected to have a desulfurization effect during combustion.

(2) According to the invention described in claim 2, by setting the hydrogen ion concentration of the highly water-containing organic substance to pH 10 or more by adding an alkaline material, it is possible to prevent agglomeration due to the propagation of filamentous fungi, and to transport and store the equipment. This eliminates problems such as clogging, and makes the material easy to handle.
Further, since the combustion ash of papermaking sludge can be used as the alkaline material, the combustion ash that has conventionally been disposed of at high cost with a high processing cost can be used effectively.
(3) According to the invention described in claim 3, since the high water content organic substance is granulated and the outer dimensions are uniform, no special equipment is required for transportation and storage, and a material with good handling with less equipment restrictions is provided. Is done.
In addition, voids are created between the particles of the material, and moisture reduction during storage is promoted. When used as a solid fuel, it can be stored in a state suitable for combustion.

(4) According to the inventions described in claims 4 to 5, since a composite fuel of biomass derived from biomass and coal coke or coal is easily provided, a coal-fired power plant capable of suppressing carbon dioxide emission or It can be used as fuel for biomass boilers.
In particular, the solid fuel of the present invention has a high mixing ratio of coal coke powder or coal powder, and is formed in powdered coal coke or coal, so that it is used in a pulverized coal-fired power generation combustion furnace. When it is put into an existing coal mill, it is easy to grind and no special equipment is required when used as fuel.

The schematic of the basic equipment of this invention.

Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described.
In this example, a case where a high water content organic substance is stored as a solid fuel will be described.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of basic equipment for carrying out the present invention.
First, the highly water-containing organic matter stored in the hopper 21 is cut out and a predetermined amount is charged into the mixing facility 31.
Next, a required amount of coal coke or coal powder is supplied from the silo 22 to the mixing facility 31 with respect to the amount of high water content organic matter, and similarly, a required amount of alkaline material is input from the silo 23 to the mixing facility 31. Mix.
At this time, in the process of cutting out and transporting the high water content organic matter from the hopper 21, an alkaline material can be added together with the required amount of coal coke or coal powder, and the mixture can be simultaneously introduced into the mixing equipment 31 to start mixing.

The mixed material is sent to the granulation equipment 41, and a solid fuel molded into a predetermined particle size is manufactured. When coarse-grained coal coke or coal is used, if a flat die type pelletizer having a pulverizing action by shearing is used as the granulation equipment 41, solid fuel can be produced by molding simultaneously with pulverization of coal or the like. it can.
In addition, it is also possible to remove the granulation equipment 41 by using a high speed stirring type mixing granulator having both a mixing function and a granulating function.
Granulated solid fuel can be deposited and stored in the yard, but in another embodiment, it is stored in a storage hopper equipped with a blower, etc., and moisture management is performed by actively reducing the moisture. It can also be saved in the state.

  Odor sensory test results for each blending amount and the moisture content of the mixture (calculation) when a mixing step of adding coal powder with a moisture content of 3% finely pulverized by a coal mill to papermaking sludge with a moisture content of 51% Value) and heat (estimated values based on the standard heat of the material) are shown in Table 1.

  As shown in Table 1, in the case of blending 60 parts by weight or more of coal powder with respect to 100 parts by weight of paper sludge, the generation of odor is suppressed, the storage stability is improved, and the calorie is 3500 kcal / kg or more. The high water content organic matter became suitable as a fuel without drying.

A mixing step of adding a 1N-NaOH aqueous solution as an alkaline material to a mixture of 100% by weight of paper sludge with a moisture content of 51% and 100 parts by weight of coal powder with a moisture content of 3% finely pulverized by a coal mill. A granulation step of preparing each mixture of pH 9, pH 9.5, pH 10, pH 10.5, pH 11, and pH 11.5, followed by molding with a flat die type pelletizer having a hole of φ7 mm. This was carried out to obtain a cylindrical solid fuel having a diameter of 7 mm and a length of 5 to 20 mm in which the hydrogen ion concentration was adjusted.
Table 2 shows the results of observation of the occurrence of filamentous fungi (fungi) by putting 100 g of the obtained solid fuel into a container with a lid and storing it at room temperature (20 to 25 ° C.) for 30 days.

  As shown in Table 2, by setting the hydrogen ion concentration to pH 10 or higher, generation of filamentous fungi can be suppressed even when the moisture content is 20% or higher, and the storage stability of the solid fuel can be further enhanced.

  A mixing step of adding 20 weight of paper sludge combustion ash as an alkaline material to a mixture of 100 weight of paper sludge having a moisture content of 51% and 100 parts by weight of coal powder having a moisture content of 3% finely pulverized by a coal mill. And then, by carrying out a granulation step of forming with a flat die type pelletizer having a hole of φ7 mm, a cylindrical solid fuel having a hydrogen ion concentration of pH 10.3, φ7 mm, and a length of 5 to 20 mm is obtained. Obtained. Table 3 shows the results of observation of the occurrence of filamentous fungi (fungi) by placing 100 g of the obtained solid fuel in a container with a lid and storing it at room temperature (20 to 25 ° C.) for 30 days.

  As shown in Table 3, in the papermaking sludge combustion ash, the generation of filamentous fungi is suppressed and the storage stability is improved by setting the hydrogen ion concentration of the solid fuel to pH 10 or more.

A mixing step of adding a 1N-NaOH aqueous solution as an alkaline material to a mixture of 100% by weight of paper sludge with a moisture content of 51% and 100 parts by weight of coal powder with a moisture content of 3% finely pulverized by a coal mill. A mixture (amorphous solid fuel) having a hydrogen ion concentration of pH 11.5 and a moisture content of 27.7% was prepared.
In addition, by carrying out a granulation process in which a part of the mixture is molded by a flat die type pelletizer having a hole of φ7 mm, a cylindrical solid fuel having a moisture content of 27.1%, φ7 mm, and a length of 5 to 20 mm Got. About 20 kg of each solid fuel was put in a plastic container, deposited so that the thickness of the solid fuel was about 300 mm, and left for 2 weeks.
Two weeks later, a solid fuel with a thickness of about 200 mm was collected from the surface, and the moisture content was measured. As a result, the moisture content of the amorphous solid fuel was 27.0%, and the moisture content was only reduced by 0.7%. The moisture content of the solid fuel formed into a cylindrical shape was 23.8%, which was a 3.3% moisture content decrease.
Thereby, it is thought that the solid fuel formed in the columnar shape obtained by the granulation process has a higher moisture reduction effect and is more suitable as a fuel.

21 hopper 22 silo 31 mixing equipment 41 granulation equipment 51 solid fuel

Claims (6)

A method for treating a high water content organic substance without drying, wherein the water content of the high water content organic substance is obtained by performing a mixing step of mixing at least 60 parts by weight of coal coke powder or coal powder with respect to 100 parts by weight of the high water content organic substance. A method for preserving a highly water-containing organic substance, characterized by comprising 35% or less. In the said mixing process, an alkaline material is further mix | blended and hydrogen ion concentration is made into pH10 or more, The preservation | save method of the high water content organic substance of Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned. The method for preserving a high water content organic substance according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a granulating step for granulating the material is provided after the mixing step. A solid fuel produced from a highly water-containing organic substance, obtained by mixing at least 60 parts by weight of coal coke powder or coal powder with respect to 100 parts by weight of the highly water-containing organic substance without drying. Solid fuel with a moisture content of organic matter of 35% or less. The solid fuel according to claim 4, wherein the solid fuel is obtained by mixing an alkaline material and has a hydrogen ion concentration of pH 10 or more. 6. The solid fuel according to claim 4, wherein the solid fuel is formed in a granular shape through a granulation step.

Images