JP2010184177A - Biofilter apparatus and land cultivation system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a biofilter apparatus which can periodically change the water level in a treatment tank without being equipped with a controller and can efficiently purify water to be treated while maintaining the flowability of a floating biofilm carrier. <P>SOLUTION: The biofilter apparatus includes a filter tank 2, number of floating biofilm carriers 5 which are filled in the filter tank 2, can move through water, and are formed with a microorganism film on their surfaces, a water tank 8 which has a water surface at a position lower than the height of a water distribution port 2c defining the lower limit of the water level in the filter tank 2, a siphon tube 7 whose one end is connected to the water distribution port 2c of the filter tank 2, whose other end is immersed in water of the water tank 8 for receiving the supply of filtered water from the filter tank 2, and whose middle portion 7c is located at the height of the upper end of the filter tank 2 or at the height of a position closer to the upper end of the filter tank 2, and a water supply portion for supplying the water in the water tank 8 from above the filter tank 2. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a biological filtration apparatus that performs biological treatment and filtration using a filter bed in which a biofilm is formed on a floating carrier, and an onshore culture system using the biological filtration apparatus.

  In recent years, development of aquaculture technology for fish, shellfish, shrimp, etc. has been actively promoted due to the risk of marine life being reduced or depleted due to overfishing. In addition, so-called “growing fisheries” are also popular, where fry and shellfish are raised and released.

  In order to cultivate these marine organisms, sacrifices may be provided in the sea, but especially in the cultivation stage up to fry, etc., in order to cultivate more densely and efficiently, using aquariums etc. In many cases, the training is promoted.

  However, mammals have a metabolic pathway that converts ammonia into urea and excretes it, whereas marine organisms do not have such a metabolic pathway, so ammonia is discharged out of the body and left uneaten. Ammonia is also generated from food. As a result, when the concentration of harmful ammonia in the breeding water in the aquarium increases, marine life will be adversely affected. Therefore, it is extremely important to reduce the ammonia concentration of breeding water when aquatic organisms are cultivated in an aquarium. In addition, it is necessary to remove excess organic matter and solid matter and keep the breeding water clean.

  Therefore, nitrifying bacteria that oxidize ammonia to nitric acid are attached to the carrier, and the breeding water is purified using the carrier.

  However, as the growth of the bacteria progresses on the carrier, the carrier becomes clogged and the breeding water cannot be purified. Therefore, it is necessary to periodically stop the operation of the purifier and clean the carrier, or in some cases, to replace the carrier. In addition, many useful bacteria that decompose harmful substances are aerobic, but there is also a problem that the useful bacteria do not work sufficiently because the carrier is always immersed in the breeding water.

  Therefore, in the techniques described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, surplus sludge fixed to the carrier is appropriately peeled and removed by circulating the breeding water to the carrier at a predetermined flow rate using a granular and floating carrier or by aeration. Can be done. According to such a technique, clogging does not occur, so that carrier exchange is not necessary. Further, since the sticking between the carriers can be prevented, the necessary contact area between the carrier and the breeding water can be maintained, and the purification efficiency is hardly lowered.

  Furthermore, in the technique described in Patent Document 3, the carrier is disposed between the perforated plates provided above and below in the water tank, and the carrier is moved to the bottom side of the septic tank by lowering the water level of the septic tank. There is shown a water purification system in which the carrier is moved to the water surface side of the septic tank by buoyancy by raising the water level to increase the fluidity of the carrier.

Japanese Patent No. 2975269 Japanese Patent No. 2975276 International Publication No. 2005/033018 Pamphlet

  According to the technology described in each of the above-mentioned patent documents, the surplus sludge adhered to the carrier can be peeled and removed by filling a floatable carrier in the treatment tank and raising or lowering the water level, but the water level is changed. A new means to do this is required.

  As the water level changing means, for example, a water level detecting means for automatically detecting the water level in the treatment tank is provided, and this water level detecting means is connected to a computer, and the flow rate control valve is controlled via the computer. Although it becomes possible to control the flow rate of water injected into the treatment tank, when such a control device is equipped, there is a problem that the water purification system becomes complicated and large.

  The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-described problems in the conventional water purification system, and can periodically raise and lower the water level in the treatment tank without being equipped with the above-described control device. It is an object of the present invention to provide a biological filtration apparatus and an onshore culture system that can efficiently purify breeding water while maintaining fluidity of a carrier.

(a) The biological filtration device of the present invention comprises:
A filtration tank;
A floating biofilm carrier that is packed in the filtration tank, is movable through water, and has a microbial film formed on the surface,
A water tank or a device having a water surface at a position lower than the height of the water distribution port that defines the lower limit of the water level in the filtration tank;
One end is connected to the water distribution port of the filtration tank, the other end is immersed in the water of the water tank or device for supplying filtered water from the filtration tank, and the middle part is at a height near the upper end or upper end of the filtration tank. A siphon tube located in the
And a water supply unit that supplies water to be treated from the upper part of the filtration tank.

  According to the biological filtration device of the present invention, when the water to be treated is supplied from the water supply unit into the filtration tank, it is filtered by passing through the biofilm carrier, the water level in the filtration tank rises, and the raised water level When the height of the middle part of the siphon tube exceeds the height of the intermediate part of the siphon tube, the water in the filtration tank and the water tank or device communicates through the siphon tube, and the filtered water in the filter tank is discharged to the water tank or device at once by siphon phenomenon. The biofilm carrier in the filtration tank descends as the water level decreases, and the biofilm carrier left in the filtration tank is exposed to air.

  Since the water to be treated is supplied from the water supply unit to the filtration tank, the water level in the filtration tank rises again. Along with this, the biofilm carrier also rises, and when the water level in the filtration tank exceeds the height of the intermediate part of the siphon tube, the above siphon phenomenon occurs and the water in the filtration tank is discharged. By repeating the siphon phenomenon in this manner, the water level repeatedly rises and falls within the filtration tank, and the biofilm carrier is periodically exposed to air.

  In addition, although it is preferable to always supply the to-be-processed water to the said filtration tank, it can also supply intermittently. In the method of intermittently supplying the water to be treated, water and air can be alternately brought into contact with the biofilm carrier. In addition, two or more filtration tanks can be arranged in parallel to supply the water to be treated alternately.

  In the present invention, it is preferable to provide an upper regulating plate for regulating the rising limit of the biofilm carrier at the time of supplying the water to be treated, in the upper part of the filtration tank.

  Moreover, it is preferable to provide a lower regulating plate for regulating the lowering limit of the biofilm carrier during drainage due to siphon phenomenon at the lower part of the filtration tank.

  Moreover, it is preferable to provide the said water distribution port in the said filtration tank below the said lower side control board.

  Moreover, it is preferable to provide a carrier dismantling means for disassembling the biofilm carriers assembled in a lump between the upper restricting plate and the lower restricting plate. As the carrier disassembling means, an inner side wall of the filtration tank is provided. A rod-shaped member communicating in the radial direction can be provided. Moreover, the bar-shaped member can be provided in a plurality of stages in the vertical direction of the filtration tank, and in this case, it is preferable that the adjacent bar-shaped members are arranged in a direction crossing each other when viewed from the plane.

  As the water supply section, a connection pipe that connects a drain outlet provided in the water tank and the upper part of the filtration tank, a pump that is interposed in the connection pipe and pumps water to be treated in the water tank to the filtration tank; Can have. In this case, it is necessary to set the discharge flow rate of the pump to a value smaller than the flow rate at the time of drainage due to the siphon phenomenon.

(b) The land farming system of the present invention
A microbial membrane is formed on the surface of a water tank, a solid material removing device that separates and removes solids contained in the waste water from the water tank, a foam separating device that separates and removes proteins, fine dust, and the like by foam. A large number of carriers that are movably filled through water, a filtration tank that removes ammonia and organic substances in the water, a gas-liquid contact device that removes CO ₂ by gas-liquid contact, and treated water are returned to the water tank. And a return flow path
Water from the solids removing device is treated in any order with respect to the foam separation device, the filtration tank, and the gas-liquid contact device to obtain treated water, and the filtration tank is covered from above. A treated water is supplied, and a siphon tube is interposed between the filtration tank and a device disposed on the downstream side of the filtration tank. One end of the siphon pipe is a water distribution port that defines the lower limit of the water level in the filtration tank. Connected, the other end is immersed in the water of the water tank or the apparatus having a water surface at a position lower than the height of the water distribution port, and the middle part is configured to be located at the upper end of the filtration tank or near the upper end. It is a summary.

  Further, an oxygen supply device and a sterilizer can be further provided in the return flow path.

  In addition, the system includes a water quality sensor that measures pH, DO, and temperature, a sensor that detects each operating state of the sterilizer and the pump provided in the return flow path, and pH information detected by each sensor. A transmission device that transmits DO information, temperature information, and each operation information in a wired or wireless manner, and a remote monitoring device that receives each information transmitted from the transmission device and monitors the operation state of the land culture system. be able to.

  In the present invention, biological filtration means filtration that purifies the breeding water in the aquarium from which dust and the like have been removed in the pretreatment with the help of bacteria, and is produced from fish excrement by nitrifying bacteria, for example. Filtration that converts ammonia into nitrate ions and purifies the breeding water in the aquarium by its nitrification is shown.

  In the present invention, the floating property means a property that floats in water at substantially the same specific gravity as the water to be treated, floats on the water surface side of the water to be treated at or below the specific gravity of the water to be treated, or floats on the water surface.

  According to the biological filtration device and the terrestrial aquaculture system of the present invention, the biological film carrier can be exposed to air by periodically changing the water level in the treatment tank without being equipped with a control device. It is possible to efficiently supply oxygen to the microorganisms on the carrier without stirring (dispersing) the membrane carrier, and the activity of the microorganism and the ammonia removal performance can be improved.

  In addition, since an apparatus and power for raising and lowering the water level, an expensive electric valve, and a water level sensor are not required, running costs such as maintenance can be reduced in addition to the initial cost.

It is the front view which showed the whole structure of the biological filtration apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is the perspective view which expanded the principal part of the filtration tank shown in FIG. (a) is the front view which shows the modification which replaced the lower side lattice shown in FIG. 1 with the strainer, (b) is the enlarged view of the strainer. It is a front view which shows the modification which replaced the lower side grating | lattice shown in FIG. 1 with the siphon breaker structure. (a)-(d) is a top view which shows the modification of the grid shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing explaining the processing operation of a biological filtration apparatus. It is explanatory drawing explaining the processing operation of a biological filtration apparatus. It is explanatory drawing explaining the processing operation of a biological filtration apparatus. It is a front view which shows the structure of the land culture system which concerns on this invention.

  Hereinafter, the configuration of the biological filtration apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail based on the embodiments shown in the drawings.

1 Principle of Biological Filtration Device FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the principle of the biological filtration device according to the present invention.

  In the figure, a biological filtration apparatus 1 includes a biological filtration tank (hereinafter abbreviated as a filtration tank) 2 in which a synthetic resin is formed into, for example, a bottomed cylindrical shape. An upper lattice (upper restriction plate) 3 that regulates the height is provided in the horizontal direction, and a lower lattice (lower restriction plate) 4 that prevents the biofilm carrier from flowing out is provided in the horizontal direction below the inside.

  A large number of granular carriers (hereinafter referred to as biofilm carriers) 5 having a microbial membrane formed on the surface are filled between the lattices 3 and 4 with a predetermined space secured.

  The biofilm carrier 5 can be formed in any shape and size such as a sphere or a cylinder, as long as it can form a microbial membrane and does not impair buoyancy and fluidity. Can be used.

  Further, a grid (carrier disassembling means) 6 is provided between the lattices 3 and 4 for unraveling the biofilm carrier 5 assembled in a lump.

  The cross section of the filtration tank 2 is preferably circular, but is not limited thereto, and may be a polygon such as an octagon or a square.

  The top of the filtration tank 2 is provided with a water supply part 2a for supplying the water to be treated in the water tank, which will be described later, and a drain port 2b is provided at the lower part, and filtered so as to face the drain port 2b. A siphon inlet (water distribution port) 2 c is provided on the opposite side of the tank 2.

  An inlet portion (one end) 7a of a siphon tube 7 is connected to the siphon inlet 2c.

  The siphon tube 7 includes an inlet portion 7a, a rising portion 7b raised from the inlet portion 7a, an intermediate portion 7c extending in the horizontal direction from the upper end of the rising portion 7b, and an outlet side of the intermediate portion 7c. The lower end (the other end) 7e of the falling portion 7d is immersed in the water of the water tank 8. The water tank 8 has a water surface at a position lower than the height of the water distribution port.

  The water supply unit 2a and the water tank 8 are connected via a connecting pipe, and the water to be treated in the water tank 8 is pumped up by a pump (described later) provided in the connecting pipe, whereby the filtration tank 2 The treated water can be supplied inside.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, the water supplied to the filtration tank 2 for a purification process is called to-be-processed water, and the water processed by passing through the biofilm carrier 5 is called filtered water.

  The description of each symbol attached to FIG. 1 is listed below.

a: Water level in the water tank b: Height of the outlet of the falling portion 7d of the siphon tube c: Top height of the siphon tube (height of the intermediate portion 7c)
d: Length of the intermediate part 7c of the siphon pipe e: Height of the inlet part 7a of the siphon pipe f: Top position of the filtration tank 2 g: Bottom position of the filtration tank 2 h: Water level of the filtration tank 2 i: Filtration tank Diameter of 2 j: Height of filtration tank 2 k: Height of lower lattice 4 l: Height of upper lattice 3 BL: Virtual baseline for explanation of height

  a) The relationship between the water level a of the water tank and the height e of the inlet 7a is based on a ≦ e. However, a ≧ e is also possible depending on the structure of the filtration tank as in the case of providing a siphon breaker structure (see FIG. 4) elsewhere.

  b) The exit height b of the falling portion 7d is basically b ≦ a. However, depending on the flow rate conditions for introducing the water to be treated into the filtration tank 2, b ≧ a may be possible.

  c) The uppermost height c of the siphon tube is based on e <c <f. However, c> f may be satisfied depending on the structure of the filtration tank 2.

  d) Although the length d of the intermediate part 7c can be set arbitrarily, the longer the length, the higher the pipe resistance. Therefore, it is necessary to examine the pipe resistance.

  e) The height e of the inlet portion 7a is basically e ≧ g. However, when the inlet portion 7a is provided downward from the bottom of the filtration tank 2, it is possible to satisfy e ≦ g.

  f) The uppermost position f of the filtration tank 2 is based on f ≧ c. However, f <c may be satisfied depending on the structure of the filtration tank 2.

  g) The lowest position g of the filtration tank 2 is based on g ≦ e. However, as described in e) above, the reverse is also possible.

  h) The water level h of the filtration tank 2 is based on h ≧ e and h ≦ c.

  i) The diameter i of the filtration tank 2 can be arbitrarily set according to the required capacity of the filtration tank.

  j) The height j of the filtration tank 2 can be set in the range of j = f−g.

  k) The height k of the lower lattice 4 is k> e.

  l) The height l of the upper lattice 3 is l> k in a state where a distance that the biofilm carrier can move up and down is secured, and l ≦ c is basically used.

2 Configuration of Each Part of Biological Filtration Device Next, the configuration of each part constituting the biological filtration device 1 will be described.

  FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the arrangement of the upper lattice 3, the lower lattice 4, and the grid 6 provided between the lattices.

2.1 Upper and lower lattices In the figure, the upper and lower lattices 3 and 4 have the same structure, and the structure of the upper lattice 3 will be described as a representative.

  The upper lattice 3 is made of a synthetic resin material such as FRP or vinyl chloride resin formed into a disk shape, and a mesh having a size smaller than the diameter of the biofilm carrier 5 is formed in a lattice shape (as viewed from the plane). ing.

  The upper lattice 3 and the lower lattice 4 are disposed for the purpose of preventing the biofilm carrier 5 filled therebetween from flowing out of the filtration tank 2, and the upper lattice 3 is treated with water to be treated through a mesh. Can only pass through.

  The lower lattice 4 can be replaced with a strainer, for example, as long as it can prevent the biofilm carrier 5 from flowing out and allow only filtered water to pass through.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3A, a strainer support plate 10 is provided at the lower portion of the filtration tank 2, and a plurality of strainers 11 shown in the enlarged view of FIG. 3B are provided on the strainer support plate 10. As with the lower lattice 4, only filtered water can be passed while preventing the biofilm carrier 5 from flowing out. As this type of strainer 11, for example, a strainer with a seawater resistance specification manufactured by Yanmar Co., Ltd. can be used.

  The lower lattice 4 can be replaced with a siphon breaker structure as shown in FIG.

  As shown in the figure, one end 13 a of the air vent pipe 13 is connected to the top of the siphon tube 12, the air vent pipe 13 is suspended in the filter tank 2, and the other end 13 b of the air vent pipe 13 is connected to the filter tank 2. Hold at a predetermined height from the bottom.

  In this configuration, when the water level of the filtration tank 2 is lower than the position of the other end 13b of the air vent pipe 13, air enters the siphon tube 12 through the air vent pipe 13 and the siphon action is stopped. Thereby, since the water level in the filtration tank 2 never falls below the position of the other end 13b, the biofilm carrier 5 can be prevented from flowing out. However, it is necessary to use the biofilm carrier 5 used in the present embodiment with a small specific gravity that can float on the water surface.

2.2 Configuration of Grid The grid 6 is made of a rod-shaped member having corrosion resistance, and is provided in four stages between the upper lattice 3 and the lower lattice 4 as shown in FIG.

  The first-stage grid 6a located on the uppermost side is arranged in the diameter direction of the filtration tank 2, and the second-stage grid 6b is arranged in a state orthogonal to the first-stage grid 6a when viewed from the plane. The third-stage grid 6c is arranged in parallel with the first-stage grid 6a, and the lowest-stage grid 6d is arranged in parallel with the second-stage grid 6b.

  The grid 6 is used to disassemble and disperse the biofilm carriers 5 that are gathered in a lump when discharging the water in the filtration tank 2, and is configured in four stages in the present embodiment. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and it may be configured with more stages, or may be configured with less stages.

  Further, the carrier disassembling means exemplified in the grid 6 is not limited to the above-described rod-shaped member as long as the biofilm carrier 5 can be disperseed and dispersed, and various types of forms can be used as shown in FIG. it can.

  FIG. 3A shows a plurality of rod-like members 20 arranged in parallel in the filtration tank 2.

  FIG. 5B shows a combination of a plurality of bar-like vertical members 21 arranged in parallel and a plurality of bar-like horizontal members 22 arranged in parallel in a lattice shape.

  FIG. 2C shows a plurality of rod-like members 23 arranged radially so as to intersect at the center of the filtration tank 2.

  FIG. 4D shows a configuration in which a perforated plate 25 having a plurality of through holes 24 is formed.

2.3 Biofilm carrier The carrier on which the biofilm is formed is composed of a buoyant carrier having a particle size of about 0.5 to 10 mm, specifically polyethylene or polypropylene granules, and the specific gravity of the carrier is the water to be treated. Is almost equal to or less than

  A sludge containing aerobic or anaerobic microorganisms is attached to the surface of the carrier to form a biofilm, and a large number of biofilm carriers 5 are filled in the filter tank 2, so that the inside of the filter tank 2 The treatment of organic pollutants in the water to be treated introduced into the water and separation of suspended solids are performed simultaneously.

  The filling amount of the biofilm carrier 5 is preferably about 40 to 80% with respect to the volume defined by the upper lattice 3 and the lower lattice 4. If the filling amount of the biofilm carrier 5 is less than 40%, an efficient filtration function cannot be exhibited, and if it exceeds 80%, the movement of the biofilm carrier 5 is slowed down. The removal efficiency of adhering organic substances is reduced.

  A large number of biofilm carriers 5 packed in the filtration tank 2 are dispersed in water or floated on the water surface to form a filter bed.

3 Operation of Biological Filtration Device Next, the purification process of the biological filtration device having the above configuration will be described with reference to FIGS.

  6 to 8, the same components as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  In FIG. 6, the filtration tank 2 is fixed on the filtration tank support 30, and the water tank 8 is fixed on the water tank support 31.

  A drain port 8 a is provided at the bottom of the water tank 8, and the drain port 8 a is connected to a water supply unit 2 a provided at the top of the filtration tank 2 via a connection pipe 32.

  The connecting pipe 32 is provided with a pump 33, a flow meter 34, and a valve 35, respectively, in the direction of the water to be treated. The pump 33 may be a constant discharge amount type or a variable discharge amount type as long as it can discharge a predetermined flow rate.

  The predetermined flow rate is such that when the siphon phenomenon occurs through the siphon tube 7, the filtered water in the filtration tank 2 can be discharged while the water to be treated is supplied to the filtration tank 2. This is a flow rate, which means a flow rate that is smaller than the flow rate of filtered water discharged from the filtration tank 2 through the siphon tube 7.

  During the operation of the biological filtration device 1, the water to be treated in the water tank 8 is sucked up by opening the valve 35 and driving the pump 33, so that the flow rate from the top of the filtration tank 2 into the filtration tank 2 is always constant. Water to be treated is introduced.

3.1 Supply of water to be treated First, the water to be treated in the water tank 8 is pumped up by driving the pump 33, and the water to be treated is supplied into the tank from the top of the filtration tank 2 (see arrow A). .

  When the water level in the filtration tank 2 gradually rises (see arrow B), the biofilm carrier 5 also rises as the water level rises. The rising limit of the biofilm carrier 5 is regulated by the upper lattice 3.

  As the water level in the filtration tank 2 rises, the water level rises at the same height as the water level in the filtration tank 2 in the rising portion 7b of the siphon tube 7 (see arrow C).

3.2 Transfer of treated water by siphon phenomenon In FIG. 7, when the water level in the filtration tank 2 reaches the uppermost part of the rising part 7b and the siphon pipe 7 is filled with water, a siphon phenomenon occurs, and the filtration tank 2 and the water tank 8 are separated. It becomes a communication state. Thereby, filtered water flows out from the filtration tank 2 to the water tank 8 at once (see arrows C ₁ → C ₂ → C ₃ ), and even if the water level of the filtration tank 2 becomes lower than the height of the intermediate portion 7 c, the filtered water to the water tank 8. Movement continues.

  When the water level in the filtration tank 2 continues to drop and falls to the bottom of the filtration tank 2, air flows into the siphon tube 7, and as a result, the siphon phenomenon breaks and the drainage of filtered water stops.

  In addition, when the biofilm carrier 5 descends as the water level in the filtration tank 2 decreases, the biofilm carrier 5 is finely resolved each time it passes through each of the grids 6a to 6d (see FIG. 2) arranged in a plurality of stages. Thus, fluidity is imparted and finally deposited on the lower lattice 4.

  In biological filtration, a large amount of ammonia is excreted from fish and shellfish, and oxygen is consumed to remove (nitrify) the ammoniacal nitrogen. In the present embodiment, the biofilm carrier 5 is temporarily exposed to the air by lowering the water level in the filtration tank 2 to the bottom surface thereof. Thereby, it is possible to supply oxygen consumed when ammonia is removed in the filtration tank 2, and it is possible to improve ammonia removal performance in the biofilm carrier 5. Moreover, the microorganisms adhering to the surface of the biofilm carrier 5 can also be activated by supplying oxygen.

3.3 Resupply of treated water As shown in FIG. 8, treated water in the filtration tank 2 is drained by the above-described operation, but since the pump 33 continues to operate, the treated water in the water tank 8 is Subsequently, it is supplied into the filtration tank 2.

  As a result, the water level in the filtration tank 2 gradually rises, and when the water level reaches the height of the intermediate part 7c of the siphon tube 7, as described with reference to FIG. The filtered water flows into the water tank 8.

  When the water level drops to the bottom surface of the filtration tank 2, air flows into the siphon tube 7, the siphon phenomenon breaks, and the drainage of the filtered water stops.

  Unless the operation of the pump 33 is stopped, the water level rises and falls in the filtration tank 2, and as a result, the state where the biofilm carrier 5 is immersed in water and the state where the biofilm carrier 5 is exposed to the air are repeated. .

  In addition, in the said embodiment, although the biological filtration apparatus 1 was comprised by the one filtration tank 2, multiple filtration tanks 2 can also be arrange | positioned. For example, if two filtration tanks are arranged and the water level in one of the filtration tanks is lowered by a siphon phenomenon, water to be treated is supplied to one of the other filtration tanks to raise the water level. Since the time required for filtration can be shortened, the filtration efficiency can be further improved.

  FIG. 9 is a front view showing a configuration of an onshore culture system to which the biological filtration apparatus 1 having the above configuration is applied.

In the figure, an aquaculture system 40 includes a water tank 41, a solid material removing device 42 that receives water to be treated discharged from an outlet of the water tank 41, and separates and removes about 10 to 200 μm of garbage with a filter, With respect to the water to be treated pretreated by the solid substance removing device 42, a foam separating device 43 for separating and removing protein and fine dust in the water by foam, and water to be treated discharged from the foam separating device 43 are introduced. A filtration tank 2 having the above-described configuration, and a gas-liquid contact device 44 that removes CO ₂ in the water by gas-liquid contact with the treated water from which ammonia nitrogen and organic substances in the water have been removed by the filtration tank 2; A return flow path 46 for returning treated water from the gas-liquid contact device 44 to the water tank 41 via a pump 45, and an oxygen supply provided in the return flow path 46 And a location 47 and the sterilizer 48.

  The solid matter removing device 42 is preferably arranged at the rear stage of the aquarium 4 because the feces produced by the fish and the uneaten leftover food are changed to ammonia or the like unless they are quickly removed.

  In addition, if the solid matter or protein in the water to be treated is also left to stand, the foam separation device 43 is preferably disposed after the solid matter removal device 42 because it changes to ammonia.

In the filtration tank 2, the microorganisms adhering to the carrier in the filtration tank remove the ammonia dissolved in the water and the soluble organic substance in a state in which the solids in the water are roughly removed. Oxygen is consumed for nitrification of ammonia and removal of organic substances, and CO ₂ is discharged.

Therefore, a gas-liquid contact device 44 is disposed at the subsequent stage of the filtration tank 2. Since CO ₂ has a higher concentration and is easier to remove, it is preferably disposed downstream of the water tank 41 and the filtration tank 2 that are the sources of CO ₂ . Thereby, oxygen consumed in the water tank 41 or the filtration tank 2 can also be supplied.

  If dissolved oxygen in the water is consumed in the water tank 41 and the filtration tank 2 and oxygen is supplied to near the saturation value by the gas-liquid contact device 44, and further, if high concentration oxygen is supplied by the oxygen supply device 47, The dissolved oxygen concentration can be increased beyond the saturation value.

  The reason why the sterilizing device 48 is arranged at the last stage of the purifying device is that it is safest to sterilize the purified water immediately before returning the purified water to the water tank 41.

  The filtration tank 2 and the gas-liquid contact device 44 are connected via a siphon tube 7, one end of the siphon tube 7 is connected to a water distribution port 2 c that defines the lower limit of the water level in the filtration tank 2, and the other end is It is immersed in the water of a gas-liquid contact device (device having a water surface at a position lower than the height of the water distribution port) 44 having a water surface at a position lower than the height of the water distribution port 2c. The intermediate portion 7c is configured to be positioned at the upper end of the filtration tank 2 or at a height close to the upper end.

  When the water level in the filtration tank 2 reaches the uppermost part of the rising portion 7b and the inside of the siphon tube 7 is filled with filtered water, a siphon phenomenon occurs, and the filtration tank 2 and the gas-liquid contact device 44 are in communication with each other. Thereby, filtered water flows out from the filtration tank 2 to the gas-liquid contact device 44 at a stroke, and even if the water level of the filtration tank 2 becomes lower than the height of the intermediate part 7c, the movement of the filtered water to the gas-liquid contact device 44 is continued. .

  When the water level in the filtration tank 2 continues to drop and falls to the bottom of the filtration tank 2, air flows into the siphon tube 7, and as a result, the siphon phenomenon breaks and the drainage of filtered water stops.

In addition to the above configuration, for example, in the case of processing in the order of water tank 41 → solids removal device 42 → filtration tank 2 → foam separation device 43 → gas-liquid contact device 44 → oxygen supply device 47 → sterilization device 48, As in the case of processing in the order of water tank 41-> solids removal device 42-> filtration tank 2-> gas-liquid contact device 44-> foam separation tank 43-> oxygen supply device 47-> sterilization device 48, the CO ₂ removal efficiency should be increased. The processing order is also conceivable.

  In addition, a multi-water quality meter (water quality sensor) 49 capable of continuously measuring pH, dissolved oxygen concentration (hereinafter referred to as DO), and water temperature at the same time is immersed in the water tank 41. The pH information, the DO information, and the water temperature information are transmitted to the remote monitoring device 51 via the transmitter 50a.

  Further, each of the oxygen supply device 47 and the pump 45 is provided with a sensor, and current value information detected by each sensor, for example, at normal time and during overload, is transmitted to the remote monitoring device 51 via the transmitters 50b and 50c. It is designed to be transmitted by wire or wireless.

  Thereby, the said remote monitoring apparatus 51 can monitor the driving | running state in the position away from the field | area where the land culture system 40 is installed, and alert | reports an alarm when the detection information of a sensor shows abnormality. Be able to.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Biological filtration apparatus 2 Filtration tank 2a Water supply part 2b Drain port 2c Siphon inlet (water distribution port)
3 Upper lattice 4 Lower lattice 5 Biofilm carrier (granular carrier)
6 Grid 7 Siphon tube 7a Inlet part (one end)
7b Rising part 7c Intermediate part 7d Falling part 7e Lower end (the other end)
8 Water tank 10 Strainer support plate 11 Strainer 12 Siphon tube 13 Air vent pipe 20 Bar-shaped member 21 Bar-shaped vertical member 22 Bar-shaped horizontal member 23 Bar-shaped member 24 Through hole 25 Perforated plate 32 Connection pipe 33 Pump 34 Flow meter 35 Valve 40 Land culture system

Claims (12)

A filtration tank;
A floating biofilm carrier that is packed in the filtration tank, is movable through water, and has a microbial film formed on the surface,
A water tank or a device having a water surface at a position lower than the height of the water distribution port that defines the lower limit of the water level in the filtration tank;
One end is connected to the water distribution port of the filtration tank, the other end is immersed in the water of the water tank or device supplying filtered water from the filtration tank, and the middle part is at a height close to the upper end or upper end of the filtration tank. A siphon tube located,
And a water supply unit for supplying water to be treated from the upper part of the filtration tank.   The biofiltration apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an upper regulating plate for regulating a rising limit of the biofilm carrier at the time of water supply is provided in an upper part of the filtration tank.   The biological filtration apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a lower regulating plate for regulating a lowering limit of the biofilm carrier during drainage due to siphon phenomenon is provided in a lower part of the filtration tank.   The biological filtration device according to claim 3, wherein the water distribution port is provided in the filtration tank below the lower regulation plate.   The biofiltration device according to claim 3 or 4, wherein a carrier disassembling means is provided between the upper regulating plate and the lower regulating plate, for disassembling the biofilm carrier assembled in a lump.   The biological filtration apparatus according to claim 5, wherein a rod-shaped member that communicates the inner side wall of the filtration tank in the radial direction is provided as the carrier dismantling means.   The biological filtration device according to claim 6, wherein the rod-shaped member is provided in a plurality of stages in the vertical direction of the filtration tank, and the adjacent rod-shaped members are arranged in a direction intersecting with each other when viewed from the plane.   As the water supply section, a connection pipe that connects a drain outlet provided in the water tank and the upper part of the filtration tank, a pump that is interposed in the connection pipe and pumps water to be treated in the water tank to the filtration tank; The biological filtration device according to any one of claims 1 to 7.   The biological filtration device according to claim 8, wherein the discharge flow rate of the pump is set to a value smaller than the drainage flow rate due to the siphon phenomenon. A microbial membrane is formed on the surface of a water tank, a solid material removing device that separates and removes solids contained in the waste water from the water tank, a foam separating device that separates and removes proteins, fine dust, and the like by foam. A large number of carriers that are movably filled through water, a filtration tank that removes ammonia and organic substances in the water, a gas-liquid contact device that removes CO ₂ by gas-liquid contact, and treated water are returned to the water tank. And a return flow path
Water from the solids removing device is treated in any order with respect to the foam separation device, the filtration tank, and the gas-liquid contact device to obtain treated water, and the filtration tank is covered from above. A treated water is supplied, and a siphon tube is interposed between the filtration tank and a device disposed on the downstream side of the filtration tank. One end of the siphon pipe is a water distribution port that defines the lower limit of the water level in the filtration tank. Connected, the other end is immersed in the water of the water tank or the apparatus having a water surface at a position lower than the height of the water distribution port, and the middle part is configured to be located at the upper end of the filtration tank or near the upper end. An aquaculture system characterized by being.   The terrestrial aquaculture system according to claim 10, wherein an oxygen supply device and a sterilizer are further provided in the return flow path.   The system includes a water quality sensor that measures pH, DO, and temperature, a sensor that detects each operating state of the sterilizer and the pump provided in the return flow path, and pH information and DO information detected by each sensor. A transmission device that transmits temperature information and each operation information by wire or wireless, and a remote monitoring device that receives each information transmitted from the transmission device and monitors the operation state of the land culture system. The terrestrial aquaculture system according to claim 11.