KR20220026459A - Culturing apparatus for rearing shrimp having water circulation system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a circulation filtration-type shrimp farm where at least one aquaculture tank is installed for an aquaculture organism to be stocked and raised. The farm includes a collection tank where the breeding water of the aquaculture tank is discharged and stored and a purification tank where the breeding water stored in the collection tank is moved and purified. A filtration effect by the medium of a stationary filter medium part is exhibited at a first separation part installed at the front end of the purification tank. At a second separation part at the rear end, sludge desorbed and substances untreated at the first separation part at the front end are removed. As a result, a stable purification effect can be ensured in the farm as a whole, and purification efficiency does not decrease even in the event of immediate breeding water discharge from the aquaculture tank. According to the present invention, a motor unit and an oxygen supplier are installed on a movement line, and thus oxygen can be dissolved in purified breeding water and water pressure can be supplied at the same time even without installing multiple motors and oxygen suppliers in respective breeding water spray devices as in the related art. Accordingly, farm installation costs can be reduced.

Description

Circulation filtration purifier having a plurality of continuous filtration units {Culturing apparatus for rearing shrimp having water circulation system}

The present invention relates to a circulation filtration type purification apparatus, and in detail, the components constituting the aquaculture farm are simple, but the purification efficiency is not reduced even if the purification process is carried out by continuously draining the breeding water from the aquaculture tank. It relates to a circulation filtration type purifier having a plurality of continuous filtration units that can maintain aquaculture efficiency and reduce installation and maintenance costs.

Globally, the increase in food resources is very important along with the population increase, and most of the protein supply among food resources was made through the supply of meat on land through the livestock industry. Measures need to be taken against environmental pollution. Accordingly, the role of protein supply is increasingly being overcome through aquatic products.

However, worldwide, the aquaculture field is receiving attention as the amount of catch has decreased due to habitat destruction and overfishing due to pollution of the marine environment. The methods of aquaculture are mainly flow-through, static, circulation filtration, and cage aquaculture.

Korea's aquaculture system uses a continuous replacement system (CRS) by flowing water culture or continuous exchange of breeding water, and requires a large amount of breeding water. It becomes a major source of pollution for the destruction of the ecosystem, and the amount of energy consumed for warming the new breeding water is also greatly increased.

In the midst of stricter regulations on wastewater from aquaculture farms, development of a system to reduce or purify wastewater generated within aquaculture is becoming more important. A lot of research is also in progress.

The circulation filtration system can not only increase productivity by enabling high-density aquaculture, but also can operate with a small amount of water by reusing the breeding water required for aquaculture, and can reduce power consumption for aquaculture.

Accordingly, a typical circulation filtration system may include a breeding tank, a settling tank, a biological filtration tank, a foam separation tank, and a purified water storage tank. The used and drained breeding water in the breeding tank flows into the settling tank, goes through a drum filter, a biological filtration tank, and a foam separation tank, and after a series of purification processes, it can be stored in a purified water storage tank and then re-supplied to the breeding tank. However, in the case of a conventional drum filter, the installation cost is high and the operation cost is increased because the filter replacement is required continuously.

On the other hand, shrimp are a kind of crustacean, and if the living environment changes, it is difficult to survive, and the method of aquaculture is difficult. In particular, in the land shrimp farm, purified water must always be supplied, which takes a lot of effort and time. If there is a problem in the process of circulating and purifying the used breeding water, the shrimp cultured in the water tank cannot overcome the environmental change and die in large numbers. Accordingly, the present invention is to provide a circulation filtration type purification apparatus that can reuse breeding water in aquaculture and reduce water treatment costs.

Domestic Registered Patent No. 10-0706273 relates to a circulation filtration aquaculture system, and in particular, it is disposed on the lower side of the biological filtration tank and includes an aeration pipe that is connected to an air supply device and supplies air to the water, forming the system. Disclosed is a circulation filtration aquaculture system that minimizes the space occupied by the filtration system by simplifying the components and improves the biological filtration efficiency. In Korea Patent Publication No. 1985-0000912, in the case of installing a primary drain pipe with a number of drainage holes in the center of a circular culture tank, a mesh plate with holes is installed on the inside of the culture tank at an angle of 45° toward the center, Barley shrimp installed at regular intervals on the mesh plate, forming a sandy bottom on it, and allowing the water drained through the secondary drainage pipe to be circulated to the circulation inlet pipe through the circulation filter and heating device. Disclosed is a high-density aquaculture apparatus of Domestic Registration Patent No. 10-0969829 describes a fish farming system in which fish eggs are hatched and then grown into live fish. After hatching, they are cultured step by step according to the growth of the hatched fish in the multi-stage aquaculture tank and grow to the parent fish, while the feed feeder automatically injects a fixed amount of feed into the aquaculture tank and drains the water discharged from the aquaculture tank. About a fish culture system that not only greatly reduces the raw water and discharged water required for fish culture, but also maintains the water temperature and water quality while continuously circulating it by filtering it with the water temperature and quality required for aquaculture in a circulating water filtration device, circulating it and reusing it is starting Domestic Patent No. 10-1831962 discloses an external frame and a water tank installed in the outer frame and having a plurality of sensors installed therein, and a plurality of top and bottom stacked types for breeding marine organisms including fish or shellfish in the tank nursery; Disclosed is a circulation filtration system and a circulation filtration method for a block-type prefabricated aquaculture including a water tank having a water outlet and having a bottom surface and one or more filters installed on the bottom surface.

The present invention prevents the death of cultured shrimp due to changes in the water quality environment and allows for reuse of breeding water without exchange of new breeding water. It is intended to provide a circulation filtration type purification device in which purification efficiency is not reduced.

The circulation filtration purification apparatus of the present invention includes one or more aquaculture tanks in which aquaculture organisms are stocked and reared; a water collecting tank in which the breeding water of the aquaculture tank is drained and stored; It may consist of a purifying water tank in which the breeding water stored in the water collecting tank is moved and the purification process is performed.

At the bottom of the aquaculture tank, a drain hole is formed through which the breeding water of the aquaculture tank is drained by being connected to the water collecting tank, a drain line for moving the breeding water stored in the water collection tank to the purification tank, one end is connected to the bottom of the purified water tank, and the other end is re-supplied A moving line connected to the line and installed with a motor and an oxygen generator, the moving line and one end are connected, and the other end is installed to extend to the aquaculture tank according to the length of the aquaculture tank to spray purified breeding water with saturated oxygen and a constant water pressure It may be composed of a resupply line that can do this.

The water tank outer wall surrounds the polygonal water tank bottom, the water tank is opened to form a storage space inside, and one or more bulkheads are installed in the storage space to be spaced apart in the front and rear directions. may be formed.

A drain line for supplying breeding water stored in the water collecting tank is installed on either side of the front and rear ends of the purification tank, and a first separation unit, a second separation unit, a third separation unit, It may be composed of a collection unit.

A plurality of fixed ropes are installed in the upper opening of the first separation unit to be spaced apart from each other in left and right directions in the front and rear directions, and one or more fixed bed filter media are fixed to the fixed rope, and the fluid bed filter media is provided in the second separation unit. The part may be installed, and a plurality of filter plates may be installed in the third separation part.

The filter plate may include a filter frame formed in a rectangular frame structure having a size corresponding to the width of the septic tank, and a filter yarn installed inside the filter frame.

In the present invention, the filtration effect through the fixed supernatant medium is exhibited in the first separation unit installed at the front end of the purification water tank, and the sludge and untreated materials desorbed from the first separation unit at the front end are removed at the second separation unit installed at the rear end. As a result, a stable purification effect can be secured as a whole, so the purification efficiency does not decrease even in the purification process according to the immediate drainage of the breeding water from the aquaculture tank. By installing a motor unit and an oxygen supply device on the moving line without installing several, oxygen can be dissolved in purified breeding water and water pressure can be supplied at the same time, thereby reducing the cost of installing aquaculture farms.

1 shows a schematic diagram of the circulation filtration type farm of the present invention.
Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of the purification water tank of the present invention.
3 shows a first separation part of the present invention.
4 shows a second separation part of the present invention.
5 shows a third separation part of the present invention.
6 shows a water collecting tank of the present invention.

Hereinafter, it will be described in detail with the accompanying drawings related to the purification apparatus of the circulating filtration shrimp farm of the present invention.

1 shows a schematic diagram of the circulation filtration type farm of the present invention. One or more aquaculture tanks 200 in which aquaculture organisms are stocked and reared are installed in the circulation filtration farm of the present invention; a water collecting tank 300 in which the breeding water of the aquaculture tank is drained and stored; The breeding water stored in the water collecting tank moves to the purification water tank 100 through the drainage line 10; a moving line 20 having one end connected to the bottom of the purified water tank and the other end connected to a resupply line, and a motor unit 30 and an oxygen generator installed to move the purified breeding water to the resupply line; The resupply line 40 is connected to the breeding tank so that breeding water can be re-supplied to the aquaculture tank.

Hereinafter, for convenience in the description of the present invention, breeding water discharged from the aquaculture tank and moving to the purification tank is referred to as treated water, and breeding water that has been purified in the purification tank and moves to the aquaculture tank is referred to as regeneration water.

Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of the purification water tank of the present invention. The purification water tank 100 of the present invention has a water tank structure generally installed in a land aquaculture farm in which a polygonal water tank bottom is surrounded by a water tank outer wall and an upper part is opened to form a storage space therein. A drain line 10 is installed on either side of the purification tank before and after the water tank to supply the treated water discharged from the aquaculture tank and stored in the water collecting tank.

One or more bulkheads are installed to be spaced apart from each other in the front and rear directions of the purified water tank, so that the purified water tank may have one or more storage spaces. The one or more formed storage spaces may be formed of a first separating part 110 , a second separating part 120 , a third separating part 130 , and a collecting part 140 with the drain line installation part as the center. The first, second, and third separation units are manufactured so that the sludge generated from the circulating water can be separated well to the outside by blocking the floor at intervals of 5 meters. . Ammonia and nitrous acid are removed by installing a fixed bed and fluidized bed media inside each separation unit.

3 shows a first separation part of the present invention. In the upper opening of the first separation unit of the present invention, a plurality of fixed ropes 111 are installed to be spaced apart in the left and right directions in the front and rear directions, and one or more fixed-phase filter media 112 are fixed to the fixed rope.

The fixed bed filter unit is a contact type water treatment device and is installed so that the fixed porous filtering media fills the mesh case and infiltrates into the treated water supplied from the drainage line. The fixed bed filter media is usually made up of fine fibers installed in water treatment in an irregular shape and woven into a collected shape.

The material and shape of the fixed bonus material of the present invention is not limited, and may be formed in a loop type in which fiber filaments made from synthetic resins are entangled, a porous support having a predetermined size, a coil type, a ring type, and the like.

In general, the fixed bed filter medium does not flow due to water flow, but it can be damaged due to friction with the water tank under constant water pressure. It is possible to prevent breakage and separation of the filter, and by collecting the fixed rope, it is possible to replace the fixed bed more easily.

In general, when the area of the flow path changes abruptly, a dead zone occurs in the corner part far from the water flow, where water is almost stagnant. can be In addition, as time goes by, sludge accumulates between the filter media, which gradually clogs the flow path, and a channel phenomenon in which treated water flows only to less clogged areas may occur.

Accordingly, the fixed-bed filter media of the present invention is installed at regular intervals with one or more fixed-bed filter media through the fixed lobe. Since the penetration of the above-mentioned dead zone and channel phenomenon can be prevented, there is an effect of increasing the contact surface area of the treated water more.

In the contact water treatment consisting of a fixed bed filter, the residence time of the contact tank is about 1 hour to reduce BOD and SS depending on the treatment characteristics. After this, nitrogen and phosphorus can be further processed at the rear end.

4 shows a second separation part of the present invention. A plurality of fluidized bed filter media is installed in the second separation unit 120 of the present invention. The fluidized bed filter 121 may be formed such that a mesh-shaped bag surrounds the ring or ball-shaped fluidized media. Since the fluidized bed media and the mesh bag are made of PE material with a specific gravity of 1 or less, they are floated in the breeding water storage space and filtered while flowing. The fluidized bed media filled in the mesh is generally known and may be filled with a molded article manufactured by injection of plastic or activated carbon, etc., but the material and structure are not limited.

In addition, a large amount of microorganisms may be fixed to the fixed bed and fluidized bed media, thereby reducing the BOD material may be exhibited. According to this embodiment, the effect of increasing the filtration efficiency is exhibited by using the fixed bed filter medium, and the contact efficiency with the treated water through the proliferation and flow of microorganisms for the removal of BOD substances can be increased by using the fluid bed filter medium.

In addition, in the first separation part of the front stage, the filtration effect through the stationary bed filter medium is exhibited, and in the second separation part of the rear stage, the effect of removing the sludge and untreated substances detached from the first separation part of the front stage is exhibited. A stable purification effect can be secured.

5 shows a third separation part of the present invention. A plurality of filter plates may be installed in the third separation unit 130 of the present invention. The filter plate 131 may be formed by installing a filter frame 132 formed in a square frame structure of a size that can correspond to the width of the front and rear sides of the septic tank and a filter yarn 133 installed inside the filter frame, and the side faces are front and rear ends. One or more are installed facing each other.

As an embodiment of the present invention, the filter yarn may be formed such that a loop yarn made of nylon is continuously twisted around a core portion made of polyethylene rope yarn, and the loop yarn is fixed to the core portion by a fixing yarn formed of polypropylene multifilament yarn. The core and loop yarns and the fixed yarns for fixing the gore and loop yarns may be replaced with fibers suitable for each purpose and function, and the filter may be installed to fill the inside of the filter frame.

Filter plates are installed by overlapping 7 to 10 plates and spaced apart from each other at regular intervals in the waterway. The filter yarn maximizes the contact surface area and minimizes the desorption phenomenon of sludge according to the flow of treated water, so that clogging does not occur and a large amount of sludge is attached in a short time to improve the ability to purify the treated water.

The treated water, which has been purified through the third separation unit, is stored in the collection unit as regenerated water. At the bottom of the collection unit, a moving line 20 to which the resupply line and the other end are connected is installed. A motor unit 30 and an oxygen supply device are installed in the moving line so that the regenerated water stored in the collection unit has oxygen and a constant water pressure and moves to the resupply line.

One or more resupply lines may be installed in a plurality of moving lines. One end of the resupply line is connected to the moving line and the other end is installed to extend along the length of the aquaculture tank, and a plurality of breeding water injection devices may be installed on the side. As an embodiment of the breeding water injection device, a venturi may be installed.

In general, in shrimp farms, one or more breeding water injection devices should be installed to allow rotation of breeding water in aquaculture tanks in consideration of the migratory habit of shrimp. A plurality of motors and oxygen dissolvers were installed in the existing shrimp farms because the system had to be installed.

As an embodiment according to the present invention, one end of the moving line connected to the collecting unit has a diameter of 200 mm and the other end connected to the resupply line is formed of 300 mm, and the resupply line is a 100 mm diameter pipe with a movement of 300 mm. It is made by installing a plurality of lines on the line. In addition, the motor unit is implemented as a submersible pump capable of supplying power of 20 horsepower, so that the oxygen supplied from the oxygen supply device and the regeneration water having a constant water pressure can be re-supplied to the aquaculture tank.

The diameter of the resupply line is relatively small compared to the moving line, so it is possible to increase the injection water pressure of the breeding water injection device of the resupply line. By installing a motor and an oxygen supply device on the line, oxygen can be dissolved in the purified breeding water and water pressure can be supplied at the same time, thereby reducing the installation cost of the farm.

The aquaculture tank may have a conventional structure in which a polygonal tank bottom is surrounded by an outer wall of the tank and an upper part is opened, and a space is formed in which aquaculture organisms and breeding water are stocked. A drain hole 201 may be installed at the bottom of the aquaculture tank to allow the breeding water to move to the water collecting tank. The cultured organism referred to in the present invention may specifically be a shrimp.

6 shows a water collecting tank of the present invention. The water collecting tank 300 has a water level control pipe 302 connected to the drain hole, a discharge pipe 303 capable of discharging the breeding water stored in the water collection tank to the outside, and a drain line to move the stored breeding water to the septic tank. A drain 301 is installed.

The water level control pipe is a pipe structure, and one or more discharge holes are formed on the side in the up and down directions to close and open the discharge holes, thereby controlling the amount of breeding water drained from the aquaculture tank. A drain hole is formed at the bottom of the water collecting tank so that the breeding water used in the aquaculture tank can continuously move to the purification tank.

Hereinafter, an experimental example and the results regarding the water quality environment after installation of the aquaculture farm having the above-described configuration of the present invention will be described as follows.

As a shrimp culture test using a circular filtration shrimp farm according to the present invention, it was designed and installed in Wando-eup (Daeyang Fisheries), Wando-gun, Jeollanam-do, and the test was conducted over 6 months. General water quality (water temperature, DO, pH, salinity) was investigated daily, nutrients (ammonia, nitrite) and alkalinity were investigated weekly or when necessary.

As a result of daily inspection of the general water quality of the breeding water in the breeding tank, the average water temperature was maintained at 28 degrees, the DO averaged 6.5 mg/L, the PH averaged 7.2, and the average salinity was maintained at 32 Psu. In addition, as a result of measuring the nutrient for each week, ammonia is 0.3mg/L on average, nitrite is on average 5mg/L, and alkalinity shows measured values of 100mg/L on average per day. was found to be very suitable for shrimp culture.

Looking at the stocking and survival rate of shrimp seedlings using the circular filtration shrimp farm according to the present invention, the survival rate of shrimps grown for 135 days after stocking the seedlings reached 80%, and the stocking density was maintained at 20 kg per pyeong. . Considering that the normal biofloc cultured shrimp has a survival rate of 60% and 15 kg per unit area, it shows high efficiency. can

Seedling stocking, survival rate and stocking density Weight (g) Form days Stocking density (heads/m2) Survival % 0.006 0 302 100 0.06 15 281 93 0.8 30 271 90 2 50 265 88 7 80 259 86 15 100 253 84 20 120 247 82 25 135 241 80

According to the present invention, it is possible to re-supply purified water suitable for shrimp culture to the aquaculture tank without installing an existing expensive water treatment device, as well as to reduce energy required for spraying efficiency when re-supplying to the aquaculture tank. By providing an aquaculture farm, it helps to increase the efforts and aquaculture efficiency of fishermen related to aquatic life culture through technical improvement, so it has industrial applicability.

10: drain line 20: transfer line
30: motor unit 40: resupply line
100: purification water tank 110: first separation unit
111: fixed rope 112: fixed phase filter media
120: second separation unit 121: fluidized bed medium
130: third separation unit 131: filter plate
132: filter frame 133: filter yarn
140: collection unit
200: aquaculture tank 201: drainage line
300: water tank 301: water outlet
302: water level control pipe 303: discharge pipe

Claims (4)

One or more aquaculture tanks in which aquaculture organisms are stocked and reared are installed; a water collecting tank in which the breeding water of the aquaculture tank is drained and stored; It consists of a purifying water tank in which the breeding water stored in the water collecting tank is moved and purified;
The water tank outer wall surrounds the polygonal water tank bottom, the upper part is opened, and a storage space is formed inside, and the storage space is separated by one or more partition walls in the front and rear directions, and the inside of the purified water tank is one or more breeding water. A circulation filtration type purification device having a plurality of continuous filtration units, characterized in that it is formed as a storage space A drain line for supplying breeding water stored in the water collecting tank is installed on either side of the front and rear end of the purification tank, and a plurality of filtering units including a filter medium are continuously installed in the order of the storage space formed at the shortest distance from the drain line and are filtered The last storage space of the part is a circulation filtration type purification device having a plurality of continuous filtration parts, characterized in that the purification water tank is formed in the order of the collection part. [Claim 3] The circulation filtration apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of filtration units are composed of a fixed bed filtration unit, a fluidized bed filtration unit, or a filtration unit composed of a filter plate. [Claim 4] The circulation filtration type purification having a plurality of continuous filtration units according to claim 3, wherein the filter plate is formed in a rectangular frame structure having a size corresponding to the width of the septic tank, and a filter yarn is installed inside the filter frame. Device

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