JP2010159563A - Oil fence - Google Patents

Oil fence Download PDF

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JP2010159563A
JP2010159563A JP2009001544A JP2009001544A JP2010159563A JP 2010159563 A JP2010159563 A JP 2010159563A JP 2009001544 A JP2009001544 A JP 2009001544A JP 2009001544 A JP2009001544 A JP 2009001544A JP 2010159563 A JP2010159563 A JP 2010159563A
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oil
skirt
oil fence
float
fence
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Kuniaki Sasaki
佐々木邦昭
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TANAKA SHOJI KK
Maeda Kosen Co Ltd
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TANAKA SHOJI KK
Maeda Kosen Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2009001544A priority Critical patent/JP2010159563A/en
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
    • Y02A20/204—Keeping clear the surface of open water from oil spills

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an oil fence excellent in oil retentivity and workability. <P>SOLUTION: The oil fence includes a float floated on a water surface, and an impermeable skirt which is attached to a lower portion of the float so as to prevent the diffusion of a suspended matter such as oil to the water surface of a river, a lake, the sea, etc. The oil fence is characterized in that a tendon is continuously provided in the extension direction of the lower end of the skirt, and a mooring rope is attached to the tendon. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は油等の浮遊物の拡散を防止するためのオイルフェンスに関する。   The present invention relates to an oil fence for preventing diffusion of floating substances such as oil.

海洋又は河川において油流出事故が発生した際に、油の拡散防止及び回収のために、オイルフェンスが用いられる。
オイルフェンスは、水面に浮かべるためのフロートと、フロート下部に取り付けて油の拡散を防止するためのスカートと、によって構成されるものが一般的である。 In the event of an oil spill in the ocean or river, an oil fence is used to prevent and collect the oil.
The oil fence is generally constituted by a float for floating on the water surface and a skirt attached to the lower part of the float to prevent oil from spreading.

従来、国土交通省から型式承認を受けたオイルフェンスが、日本における共通仕様として製造・使用されている。
この仕様のオイルフェンスは、フロート直下のスカート上部に緊張材を設け、その緊張材に係留ロープを取り付けて現場水面上に展開するものである。（図４）
このオイルフェンスは、スカート下端を水中に沈下させて流出油を遮断するように、スカート下部にチェーン等の錘を取り付けている。 Conventionally, oil fences that have received type approval from the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism have been manufactured and used as common specifications in Japan.
The oil fence of this specification is provided with a tension material in the upper part of the skirt directly below the float, and a mooring rope is attached to the tension material and deployed on the water surface of the site. (Fig. 4)
In this oil fence, a weight such as a chain is attached to the lower part of the skirt so that the lower end of the skirt is submerged in water to block out the spilled oil.

このような従来のオイルフェンスには、以下のような問題があった。
＜１＞現場の水流速度が２０ｃｍ／秒程度以上になると、スカート下部が流されて捲れ上がって、スカート下端の水深（有効水深）が浅くなり、流出油がスカートの下を潜り抜けてしまい、滞油性を損なうことが多い。
＜２＞上記＜１＞を回避するために、錘の重量を増やすと、オイルフェンスの重量が増加し、運搬・展開・緊張作業の効率が悪くなってしまい、作業が遅れ、油が拡散してしまう恐れがある。
＜３＞錘には鉛や鉄等の金属が使用されており、自然環境への悪影響が懸念される。
＜４＞錘となる鉛や鉄等の金属は、船体や他の金属と接触して火花を発する恐れがある。
＜５＞使用後のオイルフェンスは焼却によって最終処分を行うが、焼却前に錘となる金属を取り外す作業が発生する。 Such conventional oil fences have the following problems.
<1> When the water flow speed at the site is about 20 cm / second or more, the lower part of the skirt is swollen and drowned, the water depth (effective water depth) at the lower end of the skirt becomes shallow, and the spilled oil penetrates under the skirt, Often impairs oil stagnation.
<2> Increasing the weight of the weight in order to avoid the above <1> increases the weight of the oil fence, which reduces the efficiency of transportation, deployment, and tension work, delays work, and spreads oil. There is a risk that.
<3> A metal such as lead or iron is used for the weight, and there is concern about adverse effects on the natural environment.
<4> A metal such as lead or iron serving as a weight may come into contact with the hull or other metal to generate a spark.
<5> The used oil fence is subjected to final disposal by incineration, but the work of removing the metal that becomes the weight before incineration occurs.

本発明の目的は、滞油性及び作業性が高く、軽量で環境に配慮したオイルフェンスを提供することを目的とする。   An object of the present invention is to provide an oil fence that has high oil stagnation and workability, is lightweight, and is environmentally friendly.

上記目的を達成するためになされた本願の第１発明は、水面に浮かべるためのフロートと、油等の浮遊物が河川、湖、海等の水面上に拡散することを防止するための、フロート下部に取り付けた不透水性のスカートと、からなるオイルフェンスであって、スカート下端部の延長方向に連続して緊張材を設け、前記緊張材に係留ロープを取り付けたことを特徴とする、オイルフェンスを提供することを目的とする。
本願の第２発明は、第１発明のオイルフェンスにおいて、前記緊張材は、繊維からなるベルト材又はロープ材であることを特徴とする、オイルフェンスを提供することを目的とする。 The first invention of the present application made to achieve the above object includes a float for floating on the water surface, and a float for preventing floating substances such as oil from spreading on the water surface of rivers, lakes, seas, etc. An oil fence comprising a water-impermeable skirt attached to a lower portion, wherein a tension material is provided continuously in an extending direction of a lower end portion of the skirt, and a mooring rope is attached to the tension material. The purpose is to provide a fence.
The second invention of the present application is to provide an oil fence according to the first invention, wherein the tension material is a belt material or a rope material made of fiber.

本発明は、上記した課題を解決するための手段により、次のような効果の少なくとも一つを得ることができる。
＜１＞スカート下端部に設けた緊張材に係留ロープを取り付けることによって、スカート下部が引張力で保持され、スカートが捲れ上がることなく、有効水深が保持され、滞油性が向上する。
＜２＞緊張材は繊維製であるため、軽量であり、運搬・展開・緊張作業等の効率が向上するとともに、作業員の怪我の恐れが大幅に軽減される。
＜３＞錘として金属を使用しないため、自然環境への影響がない。
＜４＞錘として金属を使用しないため、他の金属との接触による火花の発生も全く無く、安全である。
＜５＞錘として金属を使用しないため、使用後の最終処分（焼却）も容易である。 The present invention can obtain at least one of the following effects by means for solving the above-described problems.
<1> By attaching the mooring rope to the tension material provided at the lower end of the skirt, the lower part of the skirt is held by a tensile force, the effective water depth is maintained without the skirt rolling up, and the oil retention is improved.
<2> Since the tension material is made of fiber, it is lightweight, and the efficiency of transportation, deployment, tension work, etc. is improved, and the risk of injury to the worker is greatly reduced.
<3> Since no metal is used as the weight, there is no influence on the natural environment.
<4> Since no metal is used as the weight, there is no occurrence of sparks due to contact with other metals, and it is safe.
<5> Since no metal is used as the weight, final disposal (incineration) after use is easy.

本発明に係るオイルフェンスの斜視図The perspective view of the oil fence concerning the present invention 本発明に係るオイルフェンスの正面図Front view of an oil fence according to the present invention 本発明に係るオイルフェンスの説明図Explanatory drawing of the oil fence concerning the present invention 従来のオイルフェンスの説明図Illustration of a conventional oil fence

以下、図面を参照しながら本発明の実施の形態について説明する。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

［１］オイルフェンスの構成
本発明のオイルフェンス１は、フロート２と、フロート２下部に取り付けたスカート３とから構成されている。（図１、図２） [1] Configuration of Oil Fence An oil fence 1 according to the present invention includes a float 2 and a skirt 3 attached to the bottom of the float 2. (Fig. 1 and Fig. 2)

（１）フロート
フロート２は、オイルフェンス１を海面や川面に浮かべるためのものである。
フロート２は、袋体の内部に空気や略円柱状の発泡材等の浮体を封入して構成する。 (1) Float The float 2 is for floating the oil fence 1 on the sea surface or river surface.
The float 2 is configured by enclosing a floating body such as air or a substantially cylindrical foamed material inside the bag body.

（２）スカート
スカート３は、フロート２から水中に垂下し、油等の浮遊物が河川、湖、海等の水面上に拡散することを防止するためのものである。
スカート３は、不透水性で可撓性を有する布製の略矩形の部材である。
スカート３は、フロート２から垂下するように、縫合等によって取り付ける。
スカート３の下端には、延長方向に沿って緊張材４を設ける。
フロート２とスカート３の両端部には、オイルフェンス１同士を連結するために、フロート２とスカート３の側面に連続する連結部５を設け、両端の連結部５の互いに対応する位置に、連結穴５１を設ける。 (2) Skirt The skirt 3 hangs from the float 2 into the water, and prevents floating substances such as oil from diffusing on the water surface of rivers, lakes, seas, and the like.
The skirt 3 is a substantially rectangular member made of cloth that is impermeable and flexible.
The skirt 3 is attached by sewing or the like so as to hang down from the float 2.
A tension material 4 is provided at the lower end of the skirt 3 along the extending direction.
In order to connect the oil fences 1 to each other at both ends of the float 2 and the skirt 3, connecting portions 5 that are continuous to the side surfaces of the float 2 and the skirt 3 are provided, and the connecting portions 5 at both ends are connected to positions corresponding to each other. Hole 51 is provided.

（３）緊張材
緊張材４（テンションメンバ）は、スカート３の下端の延長方向に沿って連続して配置する部材である。
緊張材４は、ポリエステル繊維を編んだベルト状又はロープ状の部材（テンションベルト）であり、スカート３の下部に縫合等によって連続して取り付ける。
オイルフェンス１を連結した場合には、緊張材４は連結部５を介して連続する。
緊張材４の端部付近には、接続具４１を介して係留ロープ６を取り付ける。 (3) Tension material Tension material 4 (tension member) is a member arranged continuously along the extending direction of the lower end of skirt 3.
The tension material 4 is a belt-like or rope-like member (tension belt) knitted from polyester fibers, and is continuously attached to the lower part of the skirt 3 by sewing or the like.
When the oil fence 1 is connected, the tension material 4 continues through the connecting portion 5.
A mooring rope 6 is attached to the vicinity of the end of the tendon 4 via a connector 41.

（４）係留ロープ
係留ロープ６は、オイルフェンス１を係留するための部材であり、ポリプロピレン製のロープ材である。
係留ロープ６は、一方の端部を接続具４１を介して緊張材４に取り付け、もう一方の端部を船に取り付け、又は地面や水底でアンカーによって固定、又は陸上の杭等に固定する。
オイルフェンス１を複数個連結して使用する場合には、係留ロープ６は連結したオイルフェンス１の両端の接続具４１に取り付ける。 (4) Mooring rope The mooring rope 6 is a member for mooring the oil fence 1 and is a rope material made of polypropylene.
The mooring rope 6 is attached at one end to the tension member 4 via the connector 41, and attached at the other end to the ship, fixed by an anchor on the ground or the bottom of the water, or fixed to a land pile or the like.
When a plurality of oil fences 1 are connected and used, the mooring rope 6 is attached to the connecting devices 41 at both ends of the connected oil fence 1.

［２］使用方法
次に、上記したオイルフェンス１の使用方法について説明する。
（１）運搬
オイルフェンス１を、油等の浮遊物の拡散防止及び回収を行う現場まで、車両や船によって運搬する。
スカート３に設ける緊張材４は繊維性であるため、オイルフェンス１は軽量となり、海洋上に限らず、商業地や住宅地にある河川で流出事故が発生した際にも、容易に運搬を行うことができる。
複数のオイルフェンス１を連結する場合には、隣り合うオイルフェンス１の対応する連結穴５を重ね合わせ、ボルト等の結合部材を挿通して、現場で展開する前にあらかじめ連結する。
ジッパーによる連結ではなく、結合部材を連結穴５１に挿通することによる連結であるため、ジッパーの破損や開具の位置合わせがなく、また、砂噛みもないため、連結作業の効率が向上する。 [2] Usage Method Next, a usage method of the above-described oil fence 1 will be described.
(1) Transporting The oil fence 1 is transported by vehicle or ship to the site where oil and other floating substances are prevented from spreading and collected.
Since the tension material 4 provided in the skirt 3 is fibrous, the oil fence 1 is light in weight, and is easily transported not only on the ocean but also when a spill accident occurs in a river in a commercial or residential area. be able to.
When connecting a plurality of oil fences 1, the corresponding connection holes 5 of adjacent oil fences 1 are overlapped, inserted through a coupling member such as a bolt, and connected in advance before being deployed on site.
Since it is not a connection by a zipper but a connection by inserting a coupling member into the connection hole 51, there is no breakage of the zipper, no positioning of the opening tool, and no sand biting, and the efficiency of the connection work is improved.

（２）展開
次に、拡散している油等の浮遊物の範囲に合わせて、オイルフェンス１を展開する。
展開は、流出した油等の浮遊物より下流側の水面上にオイルフェンス１を浮かべ、両端に設けた係留ロープ６を船や人力によって曳行して行う。予め一方の端部を地面や水底にアンカーを取り、一方の端部を曳航してもよい。
オイルフェンス１の緊張材４は繊維製であり、金属製の錘も使用していないため、オイルフェンス１は軽量となり、船体等の他金属との接触による火花の発生を考慮する必要がなく、迅速に展開することができ、事故による被害の拡大を防止することができる。
また、緊張材４は繊維製であるため、作業員の怪我の恐れが大幅に軽減される。 (2) Deployment Next, the oil fence 1 is deployed in accordance with the range of floating matter such as oil that is diffusing.
The unfolding is performed by floating the oil fence 1 on the water surface on the downstream side of the suspended matter such as the spilled oil and coasting the mooring ropes 6 provided at both ends by a ship or human power. One end may be anchored to the ground or the bottom of the water in advance, and one end may be towed.
Since the tension material 4 of the oil fence 1 is made of fiber and does not use a metal weight, the oil fence 1 is light in weight, and it is not necessary to consider the occurrence of sparks due to contact with other metals such as the hull. It can be deployed quickly, and the spread of damage due to accidents can be prevented.
Further, since the tendon 4 is made of fiber, the risk of injury to the worker is greatly reduced.

（３）緊張
展開したオイルフェンス１は、両端に設けた係留ロープ６によって保持される。
オイルフェンス１は、スカート３が不透水性であるため、フロート２やスカート３に作用する水流による力Ｆや係留ロープ６の引張力Ｔによって、緊張した状態で保持される。（図３）
このとき、係留ロープ６は、スカート３下部の緊張材４に取り付けるため、オイルフェンス１は、スカート３の下部を支点として係留される。 (3) Tension The deployed oil fence 1 is held by mooring ropes 6 provided at both ends.
Since the skirt 3 is impermeable to water, the oil fence 1 is held in a tensioned state by the force F caused by the water flow acting on the float 2 and the skirt 3 and the tensile force T of the mooring rope 6. (Figure 3)
At this time, since the mooring rope 6 is attached to the tension material 4 below the skirt 3, the oil fence 1 is moored using the lower part of the skirt 3 as a fulcrum.

（４）下部係留の効果
オイルフェンス１には水流による力Ｆが作用する。スカート３の下部の両端は係留ロープ６で係留されているため、スカート３の下部には端部方向への引張力が作用する。スカート３下部には緊張材４を設けているため、緊張材４が補強材となり、スカート３の強度が増し、引張力が作用しても破損することがない。
係留ロープ６の引張力Ｔと、スカート３に作用する水流による力Ｆ、及び、フロート２の浮力が組み合わさることによって、オイルフェンス１のスカート３の下端は、フロート２より上流側に位置し、スカート３の有効水深は確保される。
スカート３の有効水深が確保されるため、流出した油等の浮遊物がスカート３の下を潜り抜けることがない。
流速が速い現場では、スカート３に作用する力Ｆが増加することによって、緊張材４及び係留ロープ６に作用する引張力Ｔが増すが、フロートの浮力により有効水深が確保されることになり、拡散防止性能（滞油性）が落ちることはない。 (4) Effect of lower mooring Force F caused by water flow acts on the oil fence 1. Since both ends of the lower part of the skirt 3 are moored by the mooring rope 6, a tensile force in the direction of the end part acts on the lower part of the skirt 3. Since the tension material 4 is provided in the lower part of the skirt 3, the tension material 4 serves as a reinforcing material, and the strength of the skirt 3 is increased, so that even if a tensile force is applied, the tension material 4 is not damaged.
The lower end of the skirt 3 of the oil fence 1 is located upstream of the float 2 by combining the tensile force T of the mooring rope 6 with the force F caused by the water flow acting on the skirt 3 and the buoyancy of the float 2. The effective water depth of the skirt 3 is ensured.
Since the effective water depth of the skirt 3 is ensured, floating matter such as oil that has flowed out does not go under the skirt 3.
At the site where the flow velocity is high, the force F acting on the skirt 3 increases, so that the tensile force T acting on the tension material 4 and the mooring rope 6 increases. However, the effective water depth is secured by the buoyancy of the float, Diffusion prevention performance (oil stagnation) does not fall.

また、下部係留は、スカート３に作用する力Ｆによって有効水深を確保するため、錘を使用する必要がない。
錘は鉛や鉄等の金属であり、この金属を使用しないため、環境へ悪影響を及ぼすことがない。
また油回収後に、使用したオイルフェンス１は焼却処分するが、金属が廃棄物として発生しないため、廃棄物を削減することができる。また、金属を取り外す作業が発生しないため、処分作業も容易となる。 Moreover, since the lower mooring ensures the effective water depth by the force F acting on the skirt 3, it is not necessary to use a weight.
The weight is a metal such as lead or iron, and since this metal is not used, it does not adversely affect the environment.
Moreover, although the used oil fence 1 is incinerated after oil collection | recovery, since a metal does not generate | occur | produce as a waste, a waste can be reduced. Further, since no work for removing the metal occurs, the disposal work becomes easy.

１ オイルフェンス
２ フロート
３ スカート
４ 緊張材
４１ 接続具
５ 連結部
５１ 連結穴
６ 係留ロープ DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Oil fence 2 Float 3 Skirt 4 Tension material 41 Connection tool 5 Connection part 51 Connection hole 6 Mooring rope

Claims (2)

水面に浮かべるためのフロートと、油等の浮遊物が河川、湖、海等の水面上に拡散することを防止するための、フロート下部に取り付けた不透水性のスカートと、からなるオイルフェンスであって、
スカート下端部の延長方向に連続して緊張材を設け、
前記緊張材に係留ロープを取り付けたことを特徴とする、
オイルフェンス。 An oil fence consisting of a float for floating on the surface of the water and an impervious skirt attached to the bottom of the float to prevent floating substances such as oil from spreading on the surface of rivers, lakes, seas, etc. There,
A tension material is continuously provided in the extending direction of the lower end of the skirt,
A mooring rope is attached to the tendon,
Oil fence. 請求項１に記載のオイルフェンスにおいて、
前記緊張材は、繊維からなるベルト材又はロープ材であることを特徴とする、
オイルフェンス。 In the oil fence of Claim 1,
The tension material is a belt material or rope material made of fiber,
Oil fence.
JP2009001544A 2009-01-07 2009-01-07 Oil fence Pending JP2010159563A (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2015232202A (en) * 2014-06-09 2015-12-24 日本ソリッド株式会社 Method for mooring underwater extended membrane
KR101611209B1 (en) * 2015-05-14 2016-04-26 나라해양 주식회사 Silt protector and method thereof
US10208210B2 (en) 2014-07-30 2019-02-19 Mitsubishi Materials Corporation Hydrophilic oil repellent and production method of same, surface coating material, coating film, resin composition, oil-water separation filter material, and porous body
US10294125B2 (en) 2014-07-30 2019-05-21 Mitsubishi Materials Corporation Filter medium, method for producing filter medium, water treatment module, and water treatment device
US10364360B2 (en) 2014-07-30 2019-07-30 Mitsubishi Materials Corporation Surface coating material, coating film, and hydrophilic oil repellent member
US10399868B2 (en) 2014-07-30 2019-09-03 Mitsubishi Materials Corporation Oil-water separation apparatus and drainage system

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JPS5231537A (en) * 1975-09-05 1977-03-10 Yasunaga Riken Co Ltd Oil fence
JPH1121866A (en) * 1997-06-30 1999-01-26 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Oil fence

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JPS514130U (en) * 1974-06-25 1976-01-13
JPS5231537A (en) * 1975-09-05 1977-03-10 Yasunaga Riken Co Ltd Oil fence
JPH1121866A (en) * 1997-06-30 1999-01-26 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Oil fence

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2015232202A (en) * 2014-06-09 2015-12-24 日本ソリッド株式会社 Method for mooring underwater extended membrane
US10208210B2 (en) 2014-07-30 2019-02-19 Mitsubishi Materials Corporation Hydrophilic oil repellent and production method of same, surface coating material, coating film, resin composition, oil-water separation filter material, and porous body
US10294125B2 (en) 2014-07-30 2019-05-21 Mitsubishi Materials Corporation Filter medium, method for producing filter medium, water treatment module, and water treatment device
US10364360B2 (en) 2014-07-30 2019-07-30 Mitsubishi Materials Corporation Surface coating material, coating film, and hydrophilic oil repellent member
US10399868B2 (en) 2014-07-30 2019-09-03 Mitsubishi Materials Corporation Oil-water separation apparatus and drainage system
KR101611209B1 (en) * 2015-05-14 2016-04-26 나라해양 주식회사 Silt protector and method thereof

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