JP2010137214A - Garbage carbonization processing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a garbage carbonizing device for treating a large quantity of the garbage to be discharged from public restaurants, etc. <P>SOLUTION: A garbage carbonization processing machine is provided with: a body 10 having an insulation layer 11 formed on the inside surface thereof and a fire-retardant layer 12 formed on the inside surface of the insulation layer 11; a carbonization guide path 20' which is arranged in the internal space of the fire-retardant layer 12, and is divided into an upper-side heating furnace 30 and a lower-side combustion chamber 40 to have a downward-facing hemispherical shape in the cross section thereof; a cover arranged on the body 10 in order to open the heating furnace 30 selectively; a mixing screw arranged in the carbonization guide path 20' to be rotated by a driving motor 53 arranged on the outside of the body 10; a first burner and a second burner arranged separately in the combustion chamber 40; an exhaust pipe 43 one end of which is arranged at the bottom of the combustion chamber 40 and the other end of which is erected inside the combustion chamber 40 so as to penetrate the ceiling of the body 10; and a gas transfer pipe 44 arranged in the combustion chamber 40 so as to communicate the heating furnace 30 and the combustion chamber 40 with each other. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a carbonization apparatus for processing a large amount of garbage discharged from a popular restaurant or the like. More specifically, the present invention forms a heating furnace and a combustion chamber by dividing the internal space of the main body into upper and lower portions, and a stirring screw having a predetermined inclination angle is arranged in the heating furnace. Is provided with a burner and an exhaust pipe, and the heating furnace and the combustion chamber are communicated with each other by a gas transfer pipe, so that the garbage supplied to the inside of the heating furnace through the charging lid is thermally decomposed by the hot air of the heating furnace, And harmful gases are transferred through gas transfer pipes, and in the combustion chamber, dry distillation and harmful gases are combusted simultaneously with indirect heating of the heating furnace and discharged into the atmosphere, and the garbage transferred by the stirring screw is completely dried through thermal decomposition. It is related with the carbonization processing machine for garbage which is discharged | emitted as the carbide | carbonized_material of the state which carried out.

  Recently, with the development of the restaurant and service industries, the generation and discharge of raw garbage from ordinary households and popular restaurants are increasing. Such garbage is collected and processed safely through a predetermined route according to a prescribed system and related laws and regulations. As a method for treating such garbage, it is a universal method that most of it is buried or incinerated in the ground, and in some cases, it is reprocessed into animal feed or compost through various treatment processes. .

  However, there are cases where there is opposition between local governments and residents because the disposal method of garbage by embedding requires a large landfill site, which also has adverse consequences in terms of hygiene and environmental aspects. In addition, in the case of animal by-products, it may be required to make feed according to relevant laws or regulations, and it may be prohibited or strictly limited to embed and process it.

  In other words, in the case of existing landfills that have been approved, the acceptance of raw garbage has become saturated and the designation of new landfills is inevitable. As such, it has experienced many difficulties in designating new landfills. Also, in terms of environmental aspects, it has been reported that bad odor generated during the embedding process, soil contamination due to leachate, or serious air pollution due to harmful gases will occur. is there.

  From such a situation, incineration and carbonization methods have emerged as an effective treatment method for raw garbage as described above. According to this method, the garbage is incinerated at a high temperature in a state equipped with a certain level of equipment and treated, or discharged through a drying and carbonization process in the form of a carbide having a very low moisture content. Can be used for compost and landfill applications.

  However, a large amount of harmful gas and leachate is generated in the method of treating garbage by incineration and carbonization, but since it is currently known as the most effective treatment method other than embedding, excessive operating costs and facility costs In spite of the burden of, it is the fact that it is inevitably operated.

  In addition, such incineration and carbonization methods are such that the collected garbage is crushed, dried, then incinerated or carbonized, and a large amount of energy is consumed in the drying and incineration or carbonization processes. .

  Further, in the general garbage disposal method as described above, a large amount of leachate and wastewater is generated in the garbage storage stage, the garbage crushing stage, the dewatering stage, the drying stage, and the carbonization stage. Since such leachate and wastewater must be purified through secondary treatment, there is a problem that double treatment costs are required.

  This will be explained in detail. In a general garbage incineration process, the garbage collected in the large storage tank is finely crushed using a crusher and then dehydrated to reduce the moisture content. The dehydrated garbage undergoes a drying process in order to further reduce the moisture content, and the dried garbage is treated through an incineration or carbonization process.

  On the other hand, in the treatment process as described above, waste water, harmful gas, dust and carbide are finally discharged. At this time, waste water is collected by collecting a large amount of leachate generated from the storage, waste water generated during crushing, dehydration, and drying and collecting it in a separate septic tank. Is done. However, according to the London Agreement, from 2012, ocean dumping of leachate for organic waste containing raw garbage and purified water for wastewater will be completely prohibited. Therefore, it is expected that the required cost for expansion and wastewater treatment for wastewater treatment facilities will increase greatly.

  In addition, since the harmful gas generated in the treatment process as described above contains a large amount of dust, after the combustion with respect to the harmful gas is primarily advanced at a high temperature, the combustion gas and dust are finally wet dust. It is discharged into the atmosphere through a removal device. However, a large amount of harmful gas such as dioxin generated in the incineration process as described above is known to cause serious pollution and environmental pollution.

  Furthermore, since the treatment water used in the wet dust removal apparatus as described above contains a large amount of dust, such treatment water is also purified through the same process as the leachate and wastewater treatment process, Dumped into the ocean. In the end, the problem of having to be improved and solved in terms of environmental and cost aspects due to ocean dumping is weighted.

  In particular, petroleum energy and electrical energy are used as the majority of fuel consumed in incineration and carbonization and combustion processes, so a huge amount of energy is required to continuously process a large amount of garbage. is there. In this way, an increase in energy consumption to be used results in excessive processing costs compared to the method of embedding garbage, so that in the long-term aspect, excessive energy use reduces competitiveness and secures financial resources. Also experienced considerable difficulties.

  Accordingly, the present invention can effectively carbonize a relatively large amount of garbage with only a minimum amount of fuel consumed, and can greatly reduce the collection cost and processing cost of conventional garbage, and also from an environmental aspect. An object of the present invention is to provide a carbonization processor for garbage which is environmentally friendly and can effectively overcome the above-mentioned various problems of conventional garbage disposal systems.

  In order to achieve the above-described object, the garbage carbonization apparatus according to the present invention includes a main body in which a heat insulating layer is formed on an inner surface, and a fire resistant layer is formed on the inner surface of the heat insulating layer, and an inner portion of the fire resistant layer. A space is divided into an upper heating furnace and a lower combustion chamber, and a continuous carbonization induction pipe having a lower hemispherical cross-sectional shape and the main body can be opened and closed to selectively open the heating furnace. A charging lid provided, a stirring screw provided in the carbonization induction tube so as to be rotated by a drive motor provided outside the main body, a first burner and a second provided separately in the combustion chamber A burner, one end is disposed at the bottom of the combustion chamber, and the other end includes an exhaust pipe standing inside the combustion chamber so as to penetrate the zenith of the main body, the heating furnace, and the combustion chamber. Gas transfer provided in the combustion chamber so as to communicate with each other The first burner and the second burner pyrolyze the raw garbage put into the carbonization induction pipe inside the heating furnace with high heat, and the gas transfer pipe is used for dry distillation and harmful generated in the pyrolysis process. The gas is transported to the inside of the combustion chamber to be burned and removed, and the carbonization induction pipe is configured to be able to discharge the pyrolyzed raw garbage to the outside of the main body.

  According to the carbonization processing machine for garbage according to the present invention, at least 30 to 40 kg of garbage can be charged at a time and this can be carbonized, and the processing machine can be fully operated for 24 hours. All garbage generated in stores can be processed. In addition, the waste gas generated during the pyrolysis process of garbage due to indirect heat is recovered, and the waste heat generated during the combustion process of the collected dry distillation gas acts as the decomposition heat of the input garbage. Economic efficiency improves. Moreover, the environmental affinity is also improved by decomposing and removing malodors and gases generated in the thermal decomposition process due to high heat in the heating chamber.

It is a front view which shows the whole external shape of the carbonization processing machine which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a cross-sectional view of the carbonization processing machine which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is another cross-sectional view of the carbonization processing machine which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a side view which shows the stirring screw drive part of the carbonization processing machine which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a side section enlarged view of the carbonization processing machine concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is another side cross-sectional enlarged view of the carbonization processing machine which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a plane enlarged view which shows the stirring transfer part of the carbonization processing machine which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the stirring transfer part of the carbonization processing machine which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is the schematic which shows the sealing state of the discharge part of the carbonization processing machine which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is the schematic which shows the open state of the discharge part of the carbonization processing machine which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention.

  Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, in this specification and drawing, about the component which has the substantially same function structure, duplication description is abbreviate | omitted by attaching | subjecting the same code | symbol.

  As shown in each figure, the carbonization processing machine according to the present invention includes a main body 10 constituting an outer case, and a heat insulating layer 11 made of ceramic wool is formed on the inner surface of the main body 10. In addition, a castable refractory layer 12 which is an amorphous refractory material is formed on the inner surface of the heat insulating layer 11. The heat insulating layer 11 serves to prevent high temperature hot air inside the main body from being transmitted to the outside, and the fireproof layer 12 prevents the heat insulating layer 11 from being damaged by the high temperature hot air, and the high temperature hot air is It plays a role in blocking the loss of being transmitted.

  In the internal space of the main body 10, carbonization induction pipes 20 and 20 ′ having a lower hemispherical cross section are arranged side by side, and a heating furnace 30 is formed on the upper side by the carbonization induction pipes 20 and 20 ′. A combustion chamber 40 is formed below the tubes 20, 20 '.

  Here, the heating furnace 30 is provided with a charging lid 31 for charging garbage from the outside of the main body 10, and the charging lid 31 has a structure that can be opened and sealed through a general opening / closing means. Have. The combustion chamber 30 is provided with a first burner 41 and a second burner 42 inserted from the outside of the main body 10 toward the inside.

  Further, an exhaust pipe 43 is vertically installed in the combustion chamber 30, and the tip is exposed to the outside of the main body 10. The gas transfer pipe 44 erected vertically from the inside of the combustion chamber 30 is formed so that the tip is exposed in the internal space of the heating furnace 30.

  The second burner 42 is provided with a combustion pipe 42a extending inside the combustion chamber 30, and is connected to the combustion pipe 42a so that the lower stage of the gas transfer pipe 44 communicates therewith.

  In particular, the carbonization induction pipes 20 and 20 'are formed with a certain inclination angle, and the two carbonization induction pipes 20 and 20' are disposed apart from each other with opposite inclination angles. The two carbonization induction pipes 20, 20 'are formed with a certain level of step at the end. Such a step is used to assist the natural fall transfer of garbage, and a transfer tube 20a having an inclination angle corresponding to the step is provided at the end of the carbonization induction tubes 20 and 20 '.

  In addition, agitation screws 50 and 50 'for transferring the thrown-in garbage are incorporated in the upper inner sides of the carbonization induction tubes 20 and 20', respectively. The stirring screws 50 and 50 ′ are shaft-coupled in a state where they can be freely rotated by power transmitted from another drive motor 53 mounted on the main body 10. These agitating screws 50 and 50 'are formed to have the same inclination angle as that of the carbonization induction tubes 20 and 20' to facilitate smooth transfer of garbage.

  At this time, as shown in FIG. 8, the stirring screws 50 and 50 'are formed with support rods 51 and 51' protruding continuously in four directions, and the support rods 51 and 51 'are transported with an inclination angle. Wings 52 and 52 'are respectively formed. Therefore, when the agitating screws 50 and 50 'rotate, the transfer blades 52 and 52' cause the garbage in the carbonization induction tubes 20 and 20 'to move from one side to the other along the inclined direction of the transfer blades 52 and 52'. To be transported.

  In particular, in the carbonization induction pipes 20 and 20 ′, a discharge pipe 21 protrudes downward from a lower side end of the carbonization induction pipe 20 ′ on one side, and a discharge guide pipe 22 communicates with the lower stage of the discharge pipe 21. Horizontally installed. Inside the discharge guide tube 22, a non-axial screw 24 is mounted in a state where it can be rotated by power transmitted from another discharge motor 23.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 9, an opening / closing plate 60 capable of sealing and opening the discharge pipe 21 is attached to the discharge pipe 21. The garbage carbonization processing machine according to the present embodiment includes an opening / closing motor 63 attached to the discharge pipe 21 by a bracket, a nut body 62 screwed to the screw shaft 64 of the opening / closing motor 63, and one end of the opening / closing plate 60. A rotation link 61 is further included that is hinged to the bottom surface and hinged to the nut body 62 at the other end. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 10, when the screw shaft 64 is rotated by the operation of the opening / closing motor 63, the nut body 62 screwed on the sliding slides to move the opening / closing plate 60 up and down via the rotation link 61. Can rotate.

  The overall operation and operational relationship of the garbage carbonization processor of the present invention having such a structure will be described in order.

  First, the user opens the charging lid 31 exposed on the outer surface of the main body 10 and loads, for example, 30 to 40 kg of garbage into the first carbonization induction tube 20. At this time, when the first burner 41 located in the combustion chamber 40 is ignited, the internal temperature of the heating furnace 30 is transferred while the hot air inside the combustion chamber 40 due to the flame is transferred through the carbonization induction tubes 20 and 20 'made of a metal material. Will rise.

  The internal temperature of the combustion chamber 40 at this time is ideally about 900 ° C., for example, and the internal temperature of the heating furnace 30 to which the hot air in the combustion chamber 40 is transferred is ideally 500 to 550 ° C., for example.

  Next, when the temperature set as described above is reached, the drive motor 53 is operated, and the two stirring screws 50 and 50 'start to rotate simultaneously. At this time, the garbage thrown into the inside of the first carbonization induction tube 20 is transferred while being mixed and stirred from one side to the other side as the stirring screw 50 rotates. Subsequently, the garbage that has reached the end of the first carbonization induction pipe 20 is transferred to the inside of the other carbonization induction pipe 20 'through the transfer pipe 20a while freely falling. The second agitating screw 50 'transfers the garbage supplied into the second carbonization induction tube 20' from one side to the other side.

  In the process of transferring raw garbage, the raw garbage is transferred by the transfer blades 52 and 52 'while being continuously mixed and stirred and pulverized. Accordingly, oxygen-free thermal decomposition proceeds while sufficiently exposed to high-temperature hot air.

  At this time, in the pyrolysis process as described above, water vapor, dry distillation gas and harmful gas are discharged from the garbage. Since such steam, dry distillation, and harmful gas act to increase the internal pressure of the heating furnace 30, the process of exhausting to the combustion chamber 40 through the gas transfer pipe 44 eventually proceeds. Since the combustion chamber 40 is at the same pressure as the outside air by the exhaust pipe 43, as described above, the steam, dry distillation, and harmful gas that increase the pressure in the heating furnace 30 naturally pass through the gas transfer pipe 44 through the combustion chamber 40. It is discharged into the inside.

  Accordingly, as described above, when the generation of water vapor, dry distillation, or harmful gas starts, the operation of the first burner 41 is interrupted and the second burner 42 is operated. The flame generated by the operation of the second burner 42 plays a role of evaporating and burning water vapor, dry distillation, and harmful gas, and the dry distillation gas capable of combustion plays a role of increasing the flame of the second burner 42. Therefore, even if the second burner 42 is operated with a flame weaker than the first burner 41 by adding the dry distillation gas, the internal temperature of the combustion chamber 40 is maintained at a constant level while the dry distillation gas is combusted.

  Therefore, the amount of consumed energy required for carbonization of garbage can be greatly reduced by collecting the dry distillation gas generated during the pyrolysis process of garbage and using it as a heat source.

  Further, when the carbonization process as described above proceeds for about 3 to 4 hours, the garbage is changed to a completely dried carbide. At this time, the operation of the burner is interrupted, the discharge pipe 21 is opened, and the carbides inside the carbonization induction pipes 20 and 20 'are discharged to the outside.

  That is, when the stirring screws 50 and 50 'are rotated with the opening and closing plate 60 positioned in the discharge pipe 21 opened downward, the carbonization induction pipes 20 and 20' are brought into the inside of the carbonization induction pipes 20 and 20 'by the rotation inclination angles of the transfer blades 52 and 52'. While a certain carbide is transferred, it falls to the discharge pipe 21 in an open state. Subsequently, when the carbide falls on the discharge guide tube 22 provided in the lower stage of the discharge pipe 21, the discharge motor 23 is rotated and the carbide is discharged to the outside of the main body 10 by the non-axial screw 24.

  The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to such examples. It is obvious that a person having ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention pertains can come up with various changes or modifications within the scope of the technical idea described in the claims. Of course, it is understood that these also belong to the technical scope of the present invention.

  As described above, the garbage carbonization processor according to the present invention can carbonize a large amount of garbage even with a relatively simple configuration and utilizes the combustion waste heat of the collected dry distillation gas. Energy consumption can be greatly reduced, improving economy.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Main body, 11 Heat insulation layer, 12 Refractory layer, 20, 20 'Carbonization induction pipe, 20a Transfer pipe, 21 Discharge pipe, 22 Discharge guide pipe, 23 Discharge motor, 24 Non-axial screw, 30 Heating furnace, 31 Input lid, 40 Combustion chamber, 41 1st burner, 42 2nd burner, 42a Combustion tube, 43 Exhaust tube, 44 Gas transfer tube, 50, 50 'Stir screw, 51, 51' Support rod, 52, 52 'Transfer blade, 53 Drive motor , 60 Opening and closing plate, 61 Rotating link, 62 Nut body, 63 Opening and closing motor, 64 Screw shaft

Claims (10)

A main body 10 on which an insulating layer 11 is formed on the inner surface, and a refractory layer 12 is formed on the inner surface of the insulating layer 11;
A continuous carbonization induction tube 20, 20 ′ provided in the internal space of the refractory layer 12 and divided into an upper heating furnace 30 and a lower combustion chamber 40 and having a lower hemispherical cross-sectional shape;
A charging lid 31 that can be opened and closed on the main body 10 to selectively open the heating furnace 30;
Agitation screws 50, 50 'provided in the carbonization induction tubes 20, 20' so as to be rotated by a drive motor 53 disposed outside the main body 10;
A first burner 41 and a second burner 42 provided apart from the combustion chamber 40;
One end is disposed at the bottom of the combustion chamber 40, and the other end is an exhaust pipe 43 standing inside the combustion chamber 40 so as to penetrate the zenith of the main body 10.
A gas transfer pipe 44 provided in the combustion chamber 40 so that the heating furnace 30 and the combustion chamber 40 communicate with each other;
The first burner 41 and the second burner 42 thermally decompose raw garbage put into the carbonization induction tubes 20 and 20 'inside the heating furnace 30 with high heat,
The gas transfer pipe 44 carries dry combustion and harmful gas generated in the thermal decomposition process to the inside of the combustion chamber 40 for combustion removal,
The carbonization induction pipes 20 and 20 'are configured to discharge the thermally decomposed garbage to the outside of the main body 10.
Carbonization machine for garbage.   The said heat insulation layer 11 is formed with ceramic wool, The carbonization processing machine for garbage of Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned.   2. The garbage carbonization apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the refractory layer 12 is formed of a castable that is an irregular refractory material. The carbonization guide tubes 20 and 20 'are spaced apart from each other with opposite inclination angles;
The stirring screws 50 and 50 ′ mounted inside the carbonization induction tubes 20 and 20 ′ are formed to have the same inclination angle as the carbonization induction tubes 20 and 20 ′.
The garbage thrown into the first carbonization induction pipe 20 is transferred to the other end through the rotation of the first stirring screw 50, and the first carbonization induction pipe 20 and 20 'are adjacent to each other at the other end. The first carbonization induction pipe 20 is dropped and transferred into the second carbonization induction pipe 20 ', and the second carbonization induction pipe 20' is stirred and transferred from one side to the other side by the rotation of the second stirring screw 50 '. Is composed of,
The carbonization processing machine for garbage of Claim 1. End portions of the first carbonization induction pipe 20 and the second carbonization induction pipe 20 ′ are connected to each other by a transfer pipe 20a provided to be inclined at a predetermined angle, and transferred from the first carbonization induction pipe 20. The raw garbage is configured to fall and transfer into the second carbonization induction pipe 20 ′ through the transfer pipe 20a.
The garbage carbonization processing machine according to claim 4. A combustion pipe 42a extending toward the inside of the combustion chamber 40 is connected to the second burner 42. A lower stage of the gas transfer pipe 44 is connected to the combustion pipe 42a, and the second burner is connected. It is configured to combust and remove dry distillation and harmful gas discharged through the gas transfer pipe 44 due to high heat generated by ignition of 42.
The carbonization processing machine for garbage of Claim 1. Support rods 51 and 51 'projecting in four directions are connected to the stirring screws 50 and 50', and the support rods 51 and 51 'are arranged at a predetermined angle from the central axis of the support rods 51 and 51'. Inclined transfer blades 52 and 52 ′ are provided, and garbage inside the carbonization induction pipes 20 and 20 ′ is removed from one side by the transfer blades 52 and 52 ′ when the stirring screws 50 and 50 ′ are rotated. Characterized by being transported to the side,
The carbonization processing machine for garbage of Claim 1. A discharge pipe 21 is continuously connected to an end of the carbonization induction pipe 20 ′ on one side, and an opening / closing plate 60 is attached to the discharge pipe 21, and the inside of the carbonization induction pipe 20 ′ is operated by the operation of the opening / closing plate 60. Characterized in that it is configured to selectively discharge carbides in
The carbonization processing machine for garbage of Claim 1. The discharge pipe 21 is provided with a discharge guide pipe 22 that communicates with the lower stage thereof, and a non-axial screw 24 that is connected to a discharge motor 23 is built in the discharge guide pipe 22. The carbide supplied to 22 is configured to be discharged laterally by the rotation of the non-axial screw 24,
The garbage carbonization processing machine according to claim 8. An opening / closing motor 63 mounted on the discharge pipe 21 by a bracket, a nut body 62 screwed to a screw shaft 64 of the opening / closing motor 63, one end hinged to the bottom surface of the opening / closing plate 60, and the other end A rotating link 61 hinged to the nut body 62;
When the screw shaft 64 is rotated by the operation of the opening / closing motor 63, the opening / closing plate 60 can be turned up and down via the rotating link 61 by sliding the nut body 62. Features
The garbage carbonization processing machine according to claim 8.

Images