JP2010125912A - Vehicular air-conditioner - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a vehicular air-conditioner with a heat pump using an evaporator in an air conditioning case as a heat absorber for heating a vehicular cabin. <P>SOLUTION: An inside air suction opening portion 40 is provided between the evaporator 14 and a heater core 19 out of the air conditioning case 21, and a first blower 50 is provided on the side of the evaporator 14 from the inside air suction opening portion 40 and a second blower 51 is provided on the side of the heater core 19 from the inside air suction opening portion 40. In this case, the first blower 50 can change over its blowing direction between a positive direction and the opposite direction thereto. During the operation of the heat pump using the evaporator 14 in the air conditioning case 21 as the heat absorber, the inside air suction opening portion 40 is opened to make the blowing direction of the first blower 50 into the opposite direction to that in normal air conditioning operation. Thereby, an air flow from the inside air suction opening portion 40 is parted into an air flow from an outside air inlet 25 to the outside of the vehicular cabin after passing through the evaporator 14 and an air flow from a defroster opening portion 28 and a foot opening portion 30 to the inside of the vehicular cabin after passing through the heater core 13. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a vehicle air conditioner that performs vehicle interior heating with a heat pump.

  There exists a thing of patent document 1 as such a vehicle air conditioner. This comprises a cooling heat exchanger housed in the air conditioning case, an outdoor heat exchanger arranged outside the passenger compartment, and a four-way valve for changing the refrigerant flow direction, and the refrigerant flow direction by this four-way valve Thus, the cooling operation for cooling the air flowing toward the vehicle interior by the cooling heat exchanger and the heating operation for heating the air flowing toward the vehicle interior by the cooling heat exchanger are switched. This heating operation is a heat pump operation.

  Specifically, during the cooling operation, the refrigerant heat is dissipated by the outdoor heat exchanger and the refrigerant heat is absorbed by the cooling heat exchanger. During the heat pump operation, the refrigerant flow direction is changed by the four-way valve during the cooling operation. The refrigerant flow is changed to the opposite direction to the refrigerant flow in which the refrigerant is absorbed by the outdoor heat exchanger and the refrigerant is dissipated by the cooling heat exchanger. Thus, in the vehicle air conditioner of Patent Document 1, during the heat pump operation, contrary to the cooling operation, the outdoor heat exchanger is used as a heat absorber, and the cooling heat exchanger is used as a radiator. Air is heated by this heat exchanger for cooling.

By the way, Patent Document 2 discloses a vehicle air conditioner that prevents a strange odor from being blown into the room. This is because, when the blower and the compressor are in the stop condition, the vehicle interior air sucked from the outlet is heated by the heater core by rotating the blower in the reverse direction, and the heated air is sent to the evaporator as the cooling heat exchanger. By blowing the air and passing the air after passing through the evaporator from the outside air inlet, the evaporator is dried before the odor is generated from the condensed water adhering to the evaporator.
JP-A-2005-306300 JP 2002-67668 A

  In the vehicle air conditioner described in Patent Document 1 described above, unlike the cooling operation, during the heat pump operation, the cooling heat exchanger is not used as a heat absorber, and the outdoor heat exchanger is used as a heat absorber. There is a problem that a four-way valve for changing the refrigerant flow direction to the direction opposite to that in the cooling operation is required, and the configuration of the refrigerant circuit is complicated.

  As a method for avoiding this problem, it is conceivable to use a cooling heat exchanger as a heat absorber in the heat pump operation as in the cooling operation. According to this, since the refrigerant flow direction during the heat pump operation can be made the same direction as during the cooling operation, it is not necessary to use a four-way valve, and complication of the configuration of the refrigerant circuit can be suppressed as compared with Patent Document 1.

  Incidentally, in this case, as a radiator, a water-refrigerant heat exchanger that performs heat exchange between the cooling water of the prime mover and the refrigerant is used, and heating is performed by a heater core that heats air by the heat of the cooling water of the prime mover, or It is conceivable to use a gas cooler that exchanges heat between the refrigerant and the air as the radiator, and to heat the gas cooler.

  However, another problem arises when the heat exchanger for cooling is used as a heat absorber during heat pump operation. That is, in this case, if the air blower is operated in the same manner as in the cooling operation and the cold air after passing through the cooling heat exchanger flows toward the passenger compartment, there is a problem that it does not make sense as heating.

  In addition, when using a heat exchanger for cooling as a heat absorber during heat pump operation, it is considered that cool air after passing through the heat exchanger for cooling is discharged from the outside air inlet as described in Patent Document 2. In the technique described in Patent Document 2, since air is sucked from the air outlet, warm air cannot be blown from the air outlet. Therefore, if the technique described in Patent Document 2 is used as it is, vehicle interior heating cannot be performed.

  An object of this invention is to provide the vehicle air conditioner in which the vehicle interior heating by the heat pump which used the heat exchanger for cooling in an air conditioning case as a heat absorber is possible in view of the said point.

In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the outdoor heat exchanger (12) for exchanging heat between the refrigerant and outside air and the cooling for cooling the air by exchanging heat between the refrigerant and air. Heat exchanger (14), a water-refrigerant heat exchanger (15) for exchanging heat between the refrigerant and the cooling water for cooling the prime mover (3), and heat exchange between the cooling water for the prime mover (3) and air. A heating heat exchanger (19) for heating the air that has passed through the cooling heat exchanger (14),
During the cooling operation in which the air flowing toward the passenger compartment is cooled by the cooling heat exchanger (14), the refrigerant discharged from the compressor (11) is radiated by the outdoor heat exchanger (12), and the cooling heat exchanger is discharged. (14) to absorb the heat of the refrigerant,
During the heat pump operation in which the cooling water of the prime mover (3) is heated by the water-refrigerant heat exchanger (15) for heating the vehicle interior, the refrigerant is absorbed by the cooling heat exchanger (14), and water-refrigerant heat is generated. A vehicle air conditioner that dissipates heat from the refrigerant in the exchanger (15),
Inside air-conditioning case (21), provided between the cooling heat exchanger (14) and the heating heat exchanger (19), an inside air suction opening (40) for sucking in the passenger compartment air,
An open / close door (41) that closes the inside air suction opening (40) during the cooling operation and opens the inside air suction opening (40) during the heat pump operation;
An air flow from the inside air inlet (24) or the outside air inlet (25) to the outlet opening (28, 29, 30) is formed inside the air conditioning case (21) during the cooling operation, and is used for sucking in the inside air during the heat pump operation. Air in the vehicle compartment is sucked from the opening (40), the air flow from the inside air suction opening (40) is divided, passes through the cooling heat exchanger (14), and passes through the outside air inlet (25). Air blowing means (22, 44, 50, 51) that forms an air flow toward the outside and an air flow that passes through the heat exchanger (19) for heating and flows from the blowing opening (28, 29, 30) to the vehicle interior. ).

In the invention according to claim 2, the outdoor heat exchanger (12) for exchanging heat between the refrigerant and the air outside the passenger compartment, and the cooling heat exchanger (12) for cooling the air by exchanging heat between the refrigerant and the air 14) and a heat exchanger (71) for heating that heats the air that has passed through the cooling heat exchanger (14) by heat exchange between the refrigerant and the air,
During the cooling operation in which the air flowing toward the passenger compartment is cooled by the cooling heat exchanger (14), the refrigerant discharged from the compressor (11) is radiated by the outdoor heat exchanger (12), and the cooling heat exchanger is discharged. (14) to absorb the heat of the refrigerant,
During the heat pump operation in which air is heated by the heating heat exchanger (71) for heating the vehicle interior, the refrigerant is absorbed by the cooling heat exchanger (14), and the refrigerant is absorbed by the heating heat exchanger (71). A vehicle air conditioner that dissipates heat,
An inside air suction opening (40) provided between the cooling heat exchanger (14) and the heating heat exchanger (71) in the air conditioning case (21) for sucking air in the vehicle interior;
An open / close door (41) that closes the inside air suction opening (40) during the cooling operation and opens the inside air suction opening (40) during the heat pump operation;
An air flow from the inside air inlet (24) or the outside air inlet (25) to the outlet opening (28, 29, 30) is formed inside the air conditioning case (21) during the cooling operation, and is used for sucking in the inside air during the heat pump operation. Air in the vehicle compartment is sucked from the opening (40), the air flow from the inside air suction opening (40) is divided, passes through the cooling heat exchanger (14), and passes through the outside air inlet (25). Blowing means (22, 44, 50, 51) that forms an air flow toward the outside and an air flow that passes through the heat exchanger (71) for heating and flows from the blowout opening (28, 29, 30) to the vehicle interior. ).

  Thus, in the invention according to claim 1, during the heat pump operation for the purpose of heating the vehicle interior, the cooling heat exchanger (14) in the air conditioning case is used as a heat absorber, and the water-refrigerant heat exchanger ( By using 15) as a radiator, the vehicle interior is heated through the cooling water of the prime mover using the heat absorbed by the refrigerant from the air in the heat exchanger for cooling as a heat source.

  In the invention of claim 2, the heat exchanger (14) for cooling in the air conditioning case is used as a heat absorber during heat pump operation for the purpose of heating the passenger compartment, and the heat exchanger for heating in the air conditioning case is used. By using (71) as a radiator, the cooling heat exchanger is configured to perform vehicle interior heating using heat absorbed by the refrigerant from the air as a heat source.

  And in invention of Claim 1, 2, it is made to inhale vehicle interior air from the opening part (40) for internal air suction provided between the heat exchanger for cooling and the heat exchanger for heating at the time of heat pump operation. Therefore, it is possible to form an air flow passing through the cooling heat exchanger toward the outside air inlet and an air flow passing through the heating heat exchanger toward the blowout opening.

  Further, in the first and second aspects of the invention, the cold air that has passed through the cooling heat exchanger is discharged from the outside air inlet to the outside of the passenger compartment, and the warm air that has passed through the heating heat exchanger is discharged from the outlet opening to the vehicle. Since the air is blown into the room, it is possible to realize vehicle interior heating by a heat pump that uses the cooling heat exchanger in the air conditioning case as a heat absorber.

  Here, as a ventilation means, the structure of Claim 3, 4, 5 is employable, for example.

  In addition, the code | symbol in the bracket | parenthesis of each means described in this column and the claim shows the correspondence with the specific means as described in embodiment mentioned later.

(First embodiment)
In FIG. 1, the whole structure of the vehicle air conditioner 1 in 1st Embodiment of this invention is shown. As shown in FIG. 1, the vehicle air conditioner 1 includes a refrigerant circuit 2 constituting a vapor compression refrigeration cycle (heat pump cycle) and a cooling water circuit 4 for cooling an engine 3 as a prime mover.

  In the refrigerant circuit 2, a compressor 11, an outdoor heat exchanger 12, a first expansion valve 13, and an evaporator 14 are sequentially connected in series, and water is connected between the compressor 11 and the outdoor heat exchanger 12. -The refrigerant | coolant heat exchanger 15 and the 2nd expansion valve 16 are connected in series in order. Further, the refrigerant circuit 2 includes a bypass passage 17 through which the refrigerant bypasses the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15 and the second expansion valve 16, and a first electromagnetic valve 18 as an opening / closing means for opening and closing the bypass passage 17. have.

  The refrigerant circuit 2 employs a chlorofluorocarbon refrigerant as the refrigerant, and constitutes a subcritical refrigeration cycle in which the high-pressure side refrigerant pressure does not exceed the critical pressure of the refrigerant. In addition, each function part 11-16 which comprises a refrigerating cycle is connected by refrigerant | coolant piping etc.

  The functional units 11 to 16 will be described. The compressor 11 compresses and discharges the refrigerant, and the outdoor heat exchanger 12 is a heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the refrigerant and the vehicle exterior air. The expansion valve 13 is a first decompression unit that decompresses and expands the refrigerant.

  The evaporator 14 is a cooling heat exchanger (cooling heat exchanger) that cools the air by absorbing and evaporating the liquid-phase refrigerant by heat exchange between the refrigerant and the air. The evaporator 14 is accommodated in an air conditioning case 21 of an air conditioning unit 20 disposed inside a vehicle instrument panel (instrument panel) (not shown) at the forefront of the vehicle interior.

  The water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15 has a cooling water passage 15a through which cooling water flows and a refrigerant passage 15b through which high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 11 flows, and heat-exchanges the cooling water and the refrigerant, It is a heat exchanger that heats the cooling water by radiating heat from the refrigerant to the cooling water.

  The second expansion valve 16 is a second decompression unit that decompresses and expands the refrigerant, and is used to use the outdoor heat exchanger 12 as a heat absorber during heat pump operation, as will be described later.

  On the other hand, the cooling water circuit 4 is connected to the engine 3, the heater core 19, and the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15, and is configured such that cooling water for cooling the engine 3 is circulated by a water pump (not shown). ing.

  The heater core 19 is a heating heat exchanger (heating heat exchanger) that heats the air by causing heat exchange between the cooling water heated by the engine and the air. The heater core 19 is accommodated in the air conditioning case 21 of the air conditioning unit 20.

  In the present embodiment, a control device (air conditioner ECU) (not shown) switches between opening and closing of the first electromagnetic valve 18 during automatic air conditioning, so that the operation mode of the refrigeration cycle (heat pump cycle) is between the cooling operation and the heat pump operation. Can be switched with.

  The cooling operation is an operation mode for the purpose of cooling the air flowing toward the vehicle interior by the evaporator 14, and is an operation mode executed during normal air conditioning for cooling, dehumidifying and heating the vehicle interior.

  During this cooling operation, the first electromagnetic valve 18 is opened, so that the compressor 11 → the bypass passage 17 → the outdoor heat exchanger 12 → the first expansion valve, as shown by the broken line arrow in FIG. A refrigeration cycle in which refrigerant circulates in the order of 13 → evaporator 14 → compressor 11 is configured.

  In other words, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 11 dissipates heat and condenses by exchanging heat with the outdoor air in the outdoor heat exchanger 12, and is decompressed and expanded by the first expansion valve 13. 14 absorbs heat from the air flowing toward the passenger compartment and evaporates. Thereby, the air passing through the evaporator 14 is cooled. The refrigerant that has absorbed heat by the evaporator 14 is sucked into the compressor 11 and compressed.

  On the other hand, the heat pump operation is an operation mode for heating the vehicle interior by giving the heat absorbed by the refrigerant in the evaporator 14 to the air flowing through the air conditioning case 21 via the engine cooling water. is there. For example, the refrigeration cycle operation mode is switched to the heat pump operation at the time of vehicle interior heating when the temperature of the engine coolant is low and the amount of heat required for vehicle interior heating is insufficient immediately after engine startup.

  The operation mode is switched by the control device based on an input result from a water temperature sensor (not shown) that detects the cooling water temperature. For example, when the temperature of the cooling water is 45 ° C. or lower, the heat pump operation is executed. Thereby, even if the amount of exhaust heat of the engine is small, heating by the heater core 19 is possible by supplementing the amount of heat necessary for heating.

  During this heat pump operation, the first electromagnetic valve 18 is closed, and as indicated by the solid line arrow in FIG. 1, the compressor 11 → the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15 → the second expansion valve 16 → A refrigeration cycle (heat pump cycle) in which the refrigerant circulates in the order of the outdoor heat exchanger 12 → the first expansion valve 13 → the evaporator 14 → the compressor 11 is configured.

  That is, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 11 exchanges heat with the cooling water in the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15 to dissipate heat, thereby heating the cooling water. As a result, the heated cooling water exchanges heat with air in the heater core 19, so that the air flowing inside the air conditioning case 21 is warmed. The refrigerant that has passed through the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15 is decompressed and expanded by the second expansion valve 16, and then absorbs heat from the vehicle exterior air by the outdoor heat exchanger 12. Further, the refrigerant that has passed through the outdoor heat exchanger 12 is decompressed and expanded by the first expansion valve 13, and then evaporates by absorbing heat from the air flowing toward the vehicle interior by the evaporator 14. The refrigerant that has absorbed heat by the evaporator 14 is sucked into the compressor 11 and compressed.

  Thus, in this embodiment, in the cooling operation, the outdoor heat exchanger 12 is used as a radiator and the evaporator 14 is used as a heat absorber, whereas in the heat pump operation, the outdoor heat exchanger 12 is used. The evaporator 14 is used as a heat absorber, and the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15 is used as a radiator.

  And in this embodiment, compared with the case where only the evaporator 14 is used as a heat absorber by using two of the outdoor heat exchanger 12 and the evaporator 14 as a heat absorber during the heat pump operation, The endothermic amount is increased.

  Next, the air conditioning unit 20 will be described. 2 and 3 are sectional views of the air conditioning unit 20. FIG. 2 shows a case where the operation mode of the refrigeration cycle is a cooling operation (during normal air conditioning), and FIG. 3 shows a case where the operation mode of the refrigeration cycle is a heat pump operation. 2 and 3 is the vertical direction when the air conditioning unit 20 is mounted on the vehicle.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the air conditioning unit 20 includes an air conditioning case 21. Inside the air conditioning case 21, the evaporator 14, the first one in order from the upstream side of the air flow (air conditioning wind flow) during the cooling operation. The 1 air blower 50, the 2nd air blower 51, and the heater core 19 are arrange | positioned. The 1st air blower 50 and the 2nd air blower 51 comprise the air blower of this invention.

  The air conditioning unit 20 of the present embodiment is configured such that the entire amount of air that has passed through the evaporator 14 passes through the heater core 19, and the temperature of the air blown into the room by adjusting the amount of cooling water supplied to the heater core 19. The reheat method is used to control.

  The air conditioning case 21 forms an air passage through which air flows toward the vehicle interior during cooling operation, and is made of resin.

  Although not distinguished in FIGS. 2 and 3, the air conditioning case 21 has an inside / outside air switching unit on the upstream side of the conditioned air flow from the evaporator 14 and the heater core 19. The inside air inlet 24 for sucking in the cabin air (inside air), the outside air inlet 25 for sucking the outside air (outside air), and the open / close doors 26, 27 for opening and closing both the inlets 24, 25 are provided. Is provided.

  The air-conditioning case 21 includes a plurality of blow-off openings 28, 29, and 30 on the downstream side of the air-conditioning air flow from the evaporator 14 and the heater core 19, and blow-out mode doors 31, 32, and 33 that selectively open and close them. have. The plurality of blow-out openings 28, 29, and 30 are openings for blowing conditioned air into the vehicle interior, and each communicates with each air outlet provided in the vehicle interior. The plurality of blowing openings are, for example, a defroster opening 28, a face opening 29, and a foot opening 30, and each is provided with a defroster door 31, a face door 32, and a foot door 33 as a blowing mode door. It has been.

  The air conditioning case 21 is provided with an inside air suction opening 40 for sucking air in the passenger compartment during the heat pump operation, and an open / close door 41 for opening and closing the inside air suction opening 40. The inside air suction opening 40 is provided separately from the inside air inlet 24, the outside air inlet 25, and the plurality of outlet openings 28, 29, 30, and is disposed between the evaporator 14 and the heater core 19. Yes. In addition, between the evaporator 14 and the heater core 19 is between the air flow directions at the time of cooling operation.

  The first blower 50 and the second blower 51 blow air in the direction from the inside air introduction port 24 or the outside air introduction port 25 toward the plurality of blowing openings 28, 29, and 30 during the cooling operation (normal air conditioning). . Both the first blower 50 and the second blower 51 are constituted by axial fans. In the present embodiment, the impeller 50a constituting the first blower 50 and the impeller 51a constituting the second blower 51 are rotated by a common motor 52, and the first blower 50 and the second blower 51 are rotated. And are configured integrally.

  The impeller 50a of the first blower 50 is disposed closer to the evaporator 14 and the outside air inlet 25 than the inside air suction opening 40, and the impeller 51a of the second blower 51 is from the inside air suction opening 40. Are also arranged on the heater core 19 and the plurality of outlet openings 28, 29, 30 side.

  The first blower 50 can change the blowing direction between a forward direction (a direction from the inside air introduction port 24 or the outside air introduction port 25 toward the plurality of blowing openings 28, 29, and 30) and a reverse direction, For example, switching between forward rotation and reverse rotation is possible. On the other hand, the blowing direction of the second blower 51 is only the positive direction.

  Then, during the cooling operation of the refrigeration cycle, a control device (not shown) closes the inside air suction opening 40 by the open / close door 41 to make both the first blower 50 and the second blower 51 correct as shown in FIG. Operate by rotation. At this time, the control device sets the position of the open / close door 27 of the outside air inlet 25 and the position of the open / close door 26 of the inside air inlet 24 to a position corresponding to a desired air introduction mode, and blow-out mode doors 31, 32, 33. Is set to a position corresponding to a desired blowing mode.

  As a result, as shown by the arrows in FIG. 2, the air sucked from the inside air suction port 24 or the outside air suction port 25 passes through the evaporator 14 and the heater core 19, and any of the plurality of blowout openings 28, 29, 30. From there, an air flow toward the vehicle interior is formed.

  As shown in FIG. 2, for example, during vehicle interior heating in which the air introduction mode is the outside air introduction mode, the air introduced from the outside air introduction port 25 passes through the evaporator 14 as indicated by the arrow in FIG. 2. After being dehumidified, the air passes through the heater core 19 and becomes warm air at a desired temperature, and is blown out from the defroster opening 28 and the foot opening 30 into the vehicle interior.

  On the other hand, at the time of heat pump operation, as shown in FIG. 3, a control device (not shown) opens the inside air suction opening 40 by the open / close door 41, operates the first blower in the reverse rotation, and rotates the second blower in the normal rotation. Operate. At this time, the opening / closing door 27 of the outside air introduction port 25 is set to the open position, the opening / closing door 26 of the inside air introduction port 24 is set to the closing position, and the positions of the blowing mode doors 31, 32, 33 are positions corresponding to the desired blowing mode. For example, the defroster door 31 is set to the open position, and the face door 32 and the foot door 33 are set to the closed position.

  As a result, as shown by the arrows in FIG. 3, the air in the passenger compartment is sucked into the air conditioning case 21 from the inside air suction opening 40, the air flow from the inside air suction opening 40 is divided, and the evaporator 14 is An air flow that passes through the outside air inlet 25 toward the outside of the vehicle compartment and an air flow that passes through the heater core 13 and flows from the defroster opening 28 and the foot opening 30 into the vehicle interior are formed.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, during the heat pump operation, the air in the vehicle compartment is sucked from the inside air suction opening 40 provided between the evaporator 14 and the heater core 19, and therefore, from the inside air suction opening 40. It is possible to form an air flow that passes through the evaporator 14 toward the outside air inlet 25 and an air flow that passes from the inside air suction opening 40 through the heater core 19 toward the outlet opening such as the foot opening 30. It is.

  The cold air that has passed through the evaporator 14 is discharged from the outside air inlet 25 to the outside of the passenger compartment, and the warm air that has passed through the heater core 19 is blown out from the outlet opening into the passenger compartment. The vehicle interior can be heated by a heat pump that uses the cooler 14 as a heat absorber.

  Moreover, the refrigerant circuit 2 of this embodiment is connected in series in order of the compressor 11, the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15, the 2nd expansion valve 16, the outdoor heat exchanger 12, the 1st expansion valve 13, and the evaporator 14. With a simple configuration, a water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15, a bypass passage 17 that bypasses the second expansion valve 16, and a first electromagnetic valve 18 that opens and closes the bypass passage 17 are provided with respect to the refrigerant circuit. is there. In both the cooling operation and the heat pump operation, the refrigerant flows in the order of the compressor 11 →... → the outdoor heat exchanger 12 → the first expansion valve 13 → the evaporator 14 → the compressor 11. Yes.

  Thus, in this embodiment, since the evaporator 14 is used as a heat absorber during the heat pump operation, the refrigerant flow direction of the refrigerant circuit 2 can be set to the same direction as during the cooling operation. As a result, according to this embodiment, the four-way valve for reversing the refrigerant flow described in Patent Document 1 is not necessary, and the circuit configuration can be simplified as compared with the refrigerant circuit described in Patent Document 1.

(Second Embodiment)
4 and 5 are sectional views of the air conditioning unit 20 in the present embodiment. FIG. 4 shows a case where the operation mode of the refrigeration cycle is a cooling operation, and FIG. 5 shows a case where the operation mode of the refrigeration cycle is a heat pump operation. 4 and 5, the same components as those in FIGS. 2 and 3 are denoted by the same reference numerals.

  The air conditioning unit 20 according to the present embodiment has a cooling operation blower 22, an evaporator 14, an air mix door 23, and a heater core 19 in the air conditioning case 21 in order from the upstream side of the air flow (air conditioning wind flow) during the cooling operation. Is arranged. The air conditioning unit 20 of the present embodiment uses an air mix door 23 to mix the air that has passed through the evaporator 14 and the air that has passed through the heater core 19 at a desired ratio, thereby controlling the temperature of the air blown into the room. The mix method is adopted.

  Further, the air conditioning case 21 is provided with a communication passage 43 that communicates from the inside air suction opening 40 that is opened and closed by the opening and closing door 41 to the tip opening 42. The communication path 43 is formed integrally or separately with the air conditioning case 21. A heat pump operation blower 44 is provided in the communication passage 43. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the heat pump operation blower 44 is disposed on the upstream side of the air flow from the inside air suction opening 40. The air flow refers to an air flow that flows from the inside air suction opening 40 toward the inside of the air conditioning case 21.

  In the present embodiment, the cooling operation blower 22 and the heat pump operation blower 44 constitute the blowing means of the present invention. As the cooling fan 22 and the heat pump fan 44, for example, an axial fan is used.

  The cooling operation blower 22 can change the blowing direction between a forward direction (a direction from the inside air introduction port 24 or the outside air introduction port 25 toward the plurality of blowing openings 28, 29, and 30) and a reverse direction. For example, switching between forward rotation and reverse rotation is possible. On the other hand, the air blowing direction of the heat pump operation blower 44 is only the positive direction in which the vehicle interior air is pushed from the inside air suction opening 40 toward the inside of the air conditioning case 21.

  Then, during the cooling operation, as shown in FIG. 4, a control device (not shown) closes the inside air suction opening 40 using the opening and closing door 41 to stop the heat pump operation blower 44 and sets the air blowing direction as the positive direction. The cooling operation blower 22 is operated.

  At this time, the control device (not shown) sets the position of the open / close door 27 of the outside air introduction port 25 and the position of the open / close door 26 of the inside air introduction port 24 according to a desired air introduction mode, and the blow-out mode doors 31 and 32. , 33 is set to a position corresponding to a desired blowing mode, and the position of the air mix door 23 is set to a position at which a desired air conditioning temperature is reached. As a result, as in general air conditioning, the air sucked from the inside air suction port 24 or the outside air suction port 25 passes through the evaporator 14 and the heater core 19, and any one of the plurality of blowout openings 28, 29, 30. From there, an air flow toward the vehicle interior is formed.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 4, when the air introduction mode is the outside air introduction mode and the air conditioning mode is the maximum heating, the air mix door 23 is set to the maximum heating position, and the air introduced from the outside air introduction port 25 is As shown by the arrows in FIG. 4, after passing through the evaporator 14 and dehumidifying, it passes through the heater core 19 and becomes warm air at a desired temperature, so that the defroster opening 28 and the foot opening 30 pass through the vehicle interior. Is blown out.

  On the other hand, at the time of heat pump operation, as shown in FIG. 5, a control device (not shown) opens the inside air suction opening 40 by the opening / closing door 41 and operates the cooling operation blower 22 with the air blowing direction as the reverse direction. The operation blower 44 is activated.

  The open / close door 27 of the outside air inlet 25 is set to the open position, the open / close door 26 of the inside air inlet 24 is set to the closed position, and the positions of the blowing mode doors 31, 32, 33 are determined according to the desired blowing mode, for example, The defroster door 31 is set to the open position, and the face door 32 and the foot door 33 are set to the closed position. Further, the position of the air mix door 23 is a position where air passes through the heater core 19, for example, the maximum heating position where all of the air toward the blowout opening passes through the heater core 19.

  As a result, the vehicle interior air is sucked into the air conditioning case 21 from the inside air suction opening 40 through the tip opening 42 and the communication passage 43, and the air flow from the inside air suction opening 40 is divided and evaporated. It is possible to form an air flow passing through the vessel 14 from the outside air inlet 25 toward the outside of the vehicle compartment and an air flow passing through the heater core 19 from the defroster opening 28 and the foot opening 30 toward the vehicle interior. Therefore, also in this embodiment, similarly to 1st Embodiment, vehicle interior heating by the heat pump which uses the evaporator 14 in an air-conditioning case as a heat absorber can be performed.

(Third embodiment)
In FIG. 6, the whole structure of the vehicle air conditioner 1 in this embodiment is shown. In FIG. 6, the same components as those in FIG.

  In the present embodiment, the second expansion valve 16, the bypass passage 17, and the first electromagnetic valve 18 are omitted from the refrigerant circuit 2 shown in FIG. For this reason, the refrigerant circuit 2 of the present embodiment has a configuration in which the compressor 11, the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15, the outdoor heat exchanger 12, the first expansion valve 13, and the evaporator 14 are connected in series. Compared to the first embodiment, the configuration is simpler.

  During the cooling operation, as indicated by a broken line arrow in FIG. 6, the compressor 11 → the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15 → the outdoor heat exchanger 12 → the first expansion valve 13 → the evaporator 14 → the compressor 11. A refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant circulates in this order is configured.

  On the other hand, during the heat pump operation, as indicated by the solid line arrows in FIG. 6, the compressor 11 → the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15 → the outdoor heat exchanger 12 → the first expansion valve 13 → the evaporator 14 → the compressor 11. A refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant circulates in this order is configured. In the present embodiment, unlike the first embodiment, only the evaporator 14 of the outdoor heat exchanger 12 and the evaporator 14 is used as a heat absorber.

(Fourth embodiment)
In FIG. 7, the whole structure of the vehicle air conditioner 1 in this embodiment is shown. In FIG. 7, the same components as those in FIG.

  The refrigerant circuit 2 of the present embodiment is obtained by changing the connection relationship between the compressor 11 on the refrigerant discharge side of the compressor 11 and the first expansion valve 13 with respect to the refrigerant circuit 2 of FIG. Specifically, an outdoor heat exchanger 12 and a water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15 are connected in parallel between the compressor 11 and the first expansion valve 13. A second electromagnetic valve 61 that opens and closes a refrigerant passage that flows through the outdoor heat exchanger 12 and a third electromagnetic valve 62 that opens and closes a refrigerant passage that flows through the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15 are provided.

  In the present embodiment, during the cooling operation, the second electromagnetic valve 61 is opened and the third electromagnetic valve 62 is closed by a control device (not shown), as indicated by a broken line arrow in FIG. In addition, a refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant circulates in the order of the compressor 11 → the outdoor heat exchanger 12 → the first expansion valve 13 → the evaporator 14 → the compressor 11 is configured.

  On the other hand, during operation of the heat pump, the second electromagnetic valve 61 is closed and the third electromagnetic valve 62 is opened by a control device (not shown), so that compression is performed as shown by the solid arrow in FIG. A refrigeration cycle (heat pump cycle) in which the refrigerant circulates in the order of the machine 11 → the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15 → the first expansion valve 13 → the evaporator 14 → the compressor 11 is configured.

(Fifth embodiment)
In FIG. 8, the whole structure of the vehicle air conditioner 1 in this embodiment is shown. In FIG. 8, the same components as those in FIG.

  In the present embodiment, in the refrigerant circuit 2 of FIG. 1, the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15 used as a radiator during heat pump operation is changed to a gas cooler 71, and the gas cooler 71 is replaced with a heating heat exchanger instead of the heater core 19. It is used as.

  Specifically, in the refrigerant circuit 2 of the present embodiment, a compressor 11, an outdoor heat exchanger 12, a first expansion valve 13, and an evaporator 14 are connected in series in this order, and the compressor 11 and the outdoor heat. A gas cooler 71 and a second expansion valve 72 are connected in series with the exchanger 12 in this order. Further, the refrigerant circuit 2 includes a bypass passage 73 in which the refrigerant flows by bypassing the gas cooler 71 and the second expansion valve 72, and a first electromagnetic valve 74 as an opening / closing means for opening and closing the bypass passage 73. .

  The gas cooler 71 is a radiator that releases heat of the refrigerant to the air by heat exchange between the refrigerant and air, and is accommodated in the air conditioning case 21. The second expansion valve 72, the bypass passage 73, and the first electromagnetic valve 74 correspond to the second expansion valve 16, the bypass passage 17, and the first electromagnetic valve 18 in the refrigerant circuit 2 of FIG. 1, respectively. ing.

  In the refrigerant circuit 2 of the present embodiment, when the first electromagnetic valve 74 is opened by a control device (not shown) during the cooling operation, the compressor 11 → bypass passage as shown by the broken line arrow in FIG. A refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant circulates in the order of 73 → outdoor heat exchanger 12 → first expansion valve 13 → evaporator 14 → compressor 11 is configured. That is, a refrigeration cycle is configured in which the outdoor heat exchanger 12 dissipates the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 11 and the evaporator 14 absorbs heat.

  On the other hand, during the heat pump operation, the first electromagnetic valve 74 is closed by a control device (not shown), so that the compressor 11 → the gas cooler 71 → the second expansion valve, as indicated by the solid arrow in FIG. A refrigeration cycle (heat pump cycle) in which the refrigerant circulates in the order of 72 → outdoor heat exchanger 12 → first expansion valve 13 → evaporator 14 → compressor 11 is configured. That is, a heat pump cycle is configured in which the evaporator 14 in the air conditioning case 21 absorbs the refrigerant and the gas cooler 71 radiates the refrigerant.

  Therefore, in the present embodiment, during the heat pump operation, the heat absorbed by the refrigerant in the evaporator 14 is directly applied to the air flowing inside the air conditioning case 21 by the gas cooler 71, thereby heating the vehicle interior.

(Sixth embodiment)
In FIG. 9, the whole structure of the vehicle air conditioner 1 in this embodiment is shown. In FIG. 9, the same components as those in FIG. 8 are denoted by the same reference numerals.

  In the present embodiment, the connection relationship between the compressor 11 on the refrigerant discharge side of the compressor 11 and the first expansion valve 13 is changed with respect to the refrigerant circuit 2 shown in FIG. Specifically, the outdoor heat exchanger 12 and the gas cooler 71 are connected in parallel between the compressor 11 and the first expansion valve 13. A second electromagnetic valve 75 that opens and closes the refrigerant passage flowing in the outdoor heat exchanger 12 and a third electromagnetic valve 76 that opens and closes the refrigerant passage flowing in the gas cooler 71 are provided. The second and third electromagnetic valves 75 and 76 correspond to the second and third electromagnetic valves 61 and 62 in FIG. 7, respectively.

  In the present embodiment, during the cooling operation, the second electromagnetic valve 75 is opened and the third electromagnetic valve 76 is closed by a control device (not shown), as indicated by a broken line arrow in FIG. In addition, a refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant circulates in the order of the compressor 11 → the outdoor heat exchanger 12 → the first expansion valve 13 → the evaporator 14 → the compressor 11 is configured.

  On the other hand, during operation of the heat pump, the second electromagnetic valve 75 is closed and the third electromagnetic valve 76 is opened by a control device (not shown), so that the compression is performed as shown by the solid arrow in FIG. A refrigeration cycle (heat pump cycle) in which the refrigerant circulates in the order of the machine 11 → the gas cooler 71 → the first expansion valve 13 → the evaporator 14 → the compressor 11.

(Other embodiments)
(1) The air conditioning unit 20 of the first embodiment employs a reheat method, but may employ an air mix method as in the second embodiment. Similarly, in the air conditioning unit 20 of the second embodiment, a reheat method may be adopted as in the first embodiment.

  (2) In the first embodiment, the first blower 50 and the second blower 51 are integrated, but the first blower 50 and the second blower 51 may be separated. In this case, the first blower 50 may be disposed closer to the outside air inlet 25 than the evaporator 14, and the second blower 51 may be disposed closer to the outlet openings 28, 29, and 30 than the heater core 19.

  (3) In the first embodiment, when heating using exhaust heat of the engine is impossible, heating by heat pump operation is performed to supplement the amount of heat necessary for heating. The heat pump operation may be executed when it is desired to add more heat while using. That is, heating using both the heat absorbed by the refrigerant in the evaporator 14 and the exhaust heat of the engine as a heat source may be performed.

  (4) In the second embodiment, the cooling operation blower 22 is arranged closer to the outside air inlet 25 than the evaporator 14 (see FIGS. 4 and 5), but the position of the cooling operation blower 22 is the inside air suction. Any change can be made as long as it is between the opening 40 and the outside air inlet 25. If the cooling operation blower 22 is positioned between the inside air suction opening 40 and the outside air inlet 25, the cooling operation blower 22 is rotated in the reverse direction during the heat pump operation, so that the outside air is discharged from the inside air suction opening 40. This is because an air flow flowing toward the introduction port 25 can be formed.

  (5) In the second embodiment, the cooling operation blower 22 is operated in the reverse direction during the heat pump operation, but the cooling operation blower 22 may be stopped during the heat pump operation. In this case, the position of the air mix door 23 is set as the maximum heating position.

  Even in this case, the operation of the air blower 44 for operating the heat pump causes the air flow from the inside air suction opening 40 to be diverted, passes through the evaporator 14 and flows from the outside air inlet 25 to the outside of the passenger compartment, and the heater core. An air flow passing through the vehicle interior 19 can be formed. When the cooling operation blower 22 is stopped during the heat pump operation, the position of the cooling operation blower 22 can be changed to an arbitrary position inside the air conditioning case 21.

  (6) In the second embodiment, the heat pump operation blower 44 is arranged on the upstream side of the air flow opening 40 relative to the inside air suction opening 40, but the heat pump operation blower 44 is arranged to flow more air than the inside air suction opening 40. You may arrange | position in the downstream. That is, in the air conditioning unit 20 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the position of the open / close door 41 of the inside air suction opening 40 may be changed to the position of the tip opening 42 of the communication path 43. In this case, the front end opening 42 of the communication passage 43 is the inside air suction opening of the present invention, and the heat pump operation blower 44 is located on the downstream side of the air flow from the inside air suction opening 42.

  (7) In the above-described embodiments, the case where the prime mover is an engine has been described. However, the prime mover may be other than an engine such as a fuel cell, for example.

(8) In each of the above-described embodiments, the chlorofluorocarbon refrigerant is used. However, other refrigerants may be used, and a refrigerant whose high pressure exceeds the critical pressure, such as carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ), may be used. .

  (9) The above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined as long as they can be combined.

1 is a diagram illustrating an overall configuration of a vehicle air conditioner 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is sectional drawing of the air conditioning unit 20 in FIG. 1 at the time of cooling operation. It is sectional drawing of the air conditioning unit 20 in FIG. 1 at the time of heat pump driving | operation. It is sectional drawing of the air conditioning unit 20 of 2nd Embodiment at the time of cooling operation. It is sectional drawing of the air conditioning unit 20 of 2nd Embodiment at the time of heat pump driving | operation. It is a figure which shows the whole structure of the vehicle air conditioner 1 in 3rd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the whole structure of the vehicle air conditioner 1 in 4th Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the whole structure of the vehicle air conditioner 1 in 5th Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the whole structure of the vehicle air conditioner 1 in 6th Embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

3 Engine 11 Compressor 12 Outdoor Heat Exchanger 14 Cooling Heat Exchanger 15 Water-Refrigerant Heat Exchanger 19 Heater Core 21 Air Conditioning Case 22 Cooling Operation Blower 23 Air Mix Door 28 Defroster Opening 29 Face Opening 30 Foot Opening 40 Inside air suction opening 44 Blower for heat pump operation 50 First blower 51 Second blower 71 Gas cooler

Claims (5)

A compressor (11) for compressing and discharging the refrigerant;
An outdoor heat exchanger (12) for exchanging heat between the refrigerant and outside air,
A heat exchanger for cooling (14) that cools the air by causing heat exchange between the refrigerant and the air;
A water-refrigerant heat exchanger (15) for exchanging heat between the refrigerant and the cooling water for cooling the prime mover (3);
An air passage (21) for accommodating the cooling heat exchanger (14) and forming an air passage through which air flows toward the passenger compartment,
The air conditioning case (21) is accommodated on the downstream side of the air flow toward the vehicle compartment from the cooling heat exchanger (14), and the heat for cooling is obtained by heat exchange between the cooling water of the prime mover (3) and air. A heat exchanger (19) for heating that heats the air that has passed through the exchanger (14);
An air flow inlet (24) for introducing air in the vehicle interior and an air inlet (25) for introducing air outside the vehicle, provided on the upstream side of the air flow toward the vehicle interior of the air conditioning case (21);
Provided on the downstream side of the air flow toward the passenger compartment of the air conditioning case (21), and provided with outlet openings (28, 29, 30) for blowing air into the passenger compartment,
In the cooling operation in which the air flowing toward the vehicle interior is cooled by the cooling heat exchanger (14), the refrigerant discharged from the compressor (11) is radiated by the outdoor heat exchanger (12), and the cooling is performed. The refrigerant in the heat exchanger (14)
During heat pump operation for heating the cooling water of the prime mover (3) with the water-refrigerant heat exchanger (15) for vehicle interior heating, the cooling heat exchanger (14) absorbs the refrigerant, A vehicle air conditioner that dissipates heat in a water-refrigerant heat exchanger (15),
An inside air suction opening (40) provided between the cooling heat exchanger (14) and the heating heat exchanger (19) in the air conditioning case (21) for sucking air in the passenger compartment. ,
An open / close door (41) for closing the inside air suction opening (40) during the cooling operation and opening the inside air suction opening (40) during the heat pump operation;
An air flow from the inside air inlet (24) or the outside air inlet (25) toward the outlet opening (28, 29, 30) is formed inside the air conditioning case (21) during the cooling operation, During operation of the heat pump, the air in the passenger compartment is sucked from the inside air suction opening (40), the air flow from the inside air suction opening (40) is divided, and passes through the cooling heat exchanger (14). The air flow from the outside air inlet (25) to the outside of the passenger compartment and the air flow passing through the heating heat exchanger (19) and from the outlet opening (28, 29, 30) to the passenger compartment. Ventilation means (22, 44, 50, 51) to be formed are provided, The air conditioner for vehicles characterized by the above-mentioned. A compressor (11) for compressing and discharging the refrigerant;
An outdoor heat exchanger (12) for exchanging heat between the refrigerant and outside air,
A heat exchanger for cooling (14) that cools the air by causing heat exchange between the refrigerant and the air;
An air passage (21) for accommodating the cooling heat exchanger (14) and forming an air passage through which air flows toward the passenger compartment,
The air-conditioning case (21) is accommodated on the downstream side of the air flow toward the passenger compartment from the cooling heat exchanger (14), and passes through the cooling heat exchanger (14) by heat exchange between the refrigerant and air. A heat exchanger (71) for heating the heated air,
An air flow inlet (24) for introducing air in the vehicle interior and an air inlet (25) for introducing air outside the vehicle, provided on the upstream side of the air flow toward the vehicle interior of the air conditioning case (21);
Provided on the downstream side of the air flow toward the passenger compartment of the air conditioning case (21), and provided with outlet openings (28, 29, 30) for blowing air into the passenger compartment,
In the cooling operation in which the air flowing toward the vehicle interior is cooled by the cooling heat exchanger (14), the refrigerant discharged from the compressor (11) is radiated by the outdoor heat exchanger (12), and the cooling is performed. The refrigerant in the heat exchanger (14)
During the heat pump operation in which air is heated by the heating heat exchanger (71) for vehicle interior heating, the cooling heat exchanger (14) absorbs the refrigerant and the heating heat exchanger (71). A vehicle air conditioner that dissipates the refrigerant in the vehicle,
An inside air suction opening (40) provided between the cooling heat exchanger (14) and the heating heat exchanger (71) in the air conditioning case (21) for sucking air in the passenger compartment. ,
An open / close door (41) for closing the inside air suction opening (40) during the cooling operation and opening the inside air suction opening (40) during the heat pump operation;
An air flow from the inside air inlet (24) or the outside air inlet (25) toward the outlet opening (28, 29, 30) is formed inside the air conditioning case (21) during the cooling operation, During operation of the heat pump, the air in the passenger compartment is sucked from the inside air suction opening (40), the air flow from the inside air suction opening (40) is divided, and passes through the cooling heat exchanger (14). The air flow from the outside air inlet (25) to the outside of the passenger compartment and the air flow passing through the heating heat exchanger (71) and from the blowout opening (28, 29, 30) to the passenger compartment. Ventilation means (22, 44, 50, 51) to be formed are provided, The air conditioner for vehicles characterized by the above-mentioned. As the blowing means,
Arranged on the cooling heat exchanger (14) side of the inside air suction opening (40) in the air conditioning case (21), and blows air toward the blowout openings (28, 29, 30). A first blower (50) to
The air conditioning case (21) is disposed closer to the heating heat exchanger (19, 71) than the inside air suction opening (40), and is directed to the blowout opening (28, 29, 30). A second blower (51) for blowing air,
The first blower (50) is capable of changing a blowing direction between a direction toward the blowout opening (28, 29, 30) and a reverse direction thereof,
During the cooling operation, the first blower (50) and the second blower (51) are operated with the blowing direction of the first blower (50) as the direction toward the blowout opening (28, 29, 30). Let
During the heat pump operation, the first blower (50) and the second blower (51) are operated by setting the blowing direction of the first blower (50) to the direction opposite to that during the cooling operation. The air flow from the inside air suction opening (40) is divided, passes through the cooling heat exchanger (14), flows from the outside air inlet (25) toward the outside of the vehicle compartment, and the heating heat. The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an air flow that passes through the exchanger (19, 71) and flows from the outlet opening (28, 29, 30) toward the vehicle interior is formed. . As the blowing means,
The inside of the air conditioning case (21) is disposed closer to the cooling heat exchanger (14) than the inside air suction opening (40), and is directed to the outlet opening (28, 29, 30). An air blower for cooling operation (22) capable of changing the air blowing direction with the opposite direction;
A heat pump operation blower (44) for blowing air from the inside air suction opening (40) toward the inside of the air conditioning case (21),
During the cooling operation, the heat pump operation blower (44) is stopped, and the cooling operation blower (22) is operated with the air blowing direction directed to the blowout opening (28, 29, 30),
During the heat pump operation, the cooling operation blower (22) is operated with the air blowing direction opposite to that during the cooling operation, and the heat pump operation blower (44) is operated to The air flow from the opening (40) is shunted, passes through the cooling heat exchanger (14) and flows from the outside air inlet (25) toward the outside of the vehicle compartment, and the heating heat exchanger ( The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an air flow passing through the blowout openings (28, 29, 30) and into the passenger compartment is formed. As the blowing means,
A cooling operation blower (22) that is arranged inside the air conditioning case (21) and blows air toward the blowout opening (28, 29, 30);
A heat pump operation blower (44) for blowing air from the inside air suction opening (40) toward the inside of the air conditioning case (21),
During the cooling operation, the heat pump operation blower (44) is stopped and the cooling operation blower (22) is operated,
During the heat pump operation, the cooling operation blower (22) is stopped, and the heat pump operation blower (44) is operated to divert the air flow from the inside air suction opening (40). The air flow from the outside air inlet (25) to the outside of the passenger compartment through the cooling heat exchanger (14), and the blowout opening (19, 71) through the heating heat exchanger (19, 71) The air conditioner for a vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an air flow from the vehicle 28, 29, 30) toward the vehicle interior is formed.

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