JP5040898B2 - Air conditioner for vehicles - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a vehicle air conditioner that heats cooling water of a prime mover with a heat pump.

  There exists a thing of patent document 1 as such a vehicle air conditioner. This includes a cooling heat exchanger housed in an air conditioning case, an outdoor heat exchanger disposed outside the passenger compartment, a water-refrigerant heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the cooling water and the refrigerant of the prime mover, and the refrigerant flow A cooling operation (cooling operation) in which air flowing toward the passenger compartment is cooled by a cooling heat exchanger, and a prime mover. The heat pump operation for heating the cooling water in the water-refrigerant heat exchanger is switched.

  Specifically, during the cooling operation, the refrigerant heat is dissipated by the outdoor heat exchanger and the refrigerant heat is absorbed by the cooling heat exchanger. During the heat pump operation, the refrigerant flow direction is changed by the four-way valve during the cooling operation. The refrigerant flow is changed to the opposite direction to the refrigerant flow in which the refrigerant is absorbed by the outdoor heat exchanger and the refrigerant is radiated by the water-refrigerant heat exchanger.

By the way, Patent Document 2 discloses a vehicle air conditioner that prevents a strange odor from being blown into the room. This is because, when the blower and the compressor are in the stop condition, the vehicle interior air sucked from the outlet is heated by the heater core by rotating the blower in the reverse direction, and the heated air is sent to the evaporator as the cooling heat exchanger. By blowing air and releasing the air after passing through the evaporator from the outside air suction port, the evaporator is dried before the odor is generated from the condensed water adhering to the evaporator.
JP-A-2005-306300 JP 2002-67668 A

  According to the vehicle air conditioner described in Patent Document 1, when the temperature of the prime mover is low, such as immediately after the start of operation of the prime mover, the cooling water of the prime mover is quickly warmed by heat pump operation, and the temperature of the prime mover is quickly reduced to energy. It is possible to make the temperature efficient.

  However, in this vehicle air conditioner, unlike the cooling operation, the cooling flow direction is cooled in order not to use the cooling heat exchanger as the heat absorber and to use the outdoor heat exchanger as the heat absorber. There is a problem that a four-way valve for changing in the direction opposite to that during operation is required, and the configuration of the refrigerant circuit is complicated.

  As a method for avoiding this problem, it is conceivable to use a cooling heat exchanger as a heat absorber in the heat pump operation as in the cooling operation. According to this, since the refrigerant flow direction during the heat pump operation can be made the same direction as during the cooling operation, it is not necessary to use a four-way valve, and complication of the configuration of the refrigerant circuit can be suppressed as compared with Patent Document 1.

  However, another problem arises when the heat exchanger for cooling is used as a heat absorber during heat pump operation. That is, in this case, if the air after passing through the cooling heat exchanger is supplied into the vehicle interior by operating the blower, the air after passing through the cooling heat exchanger is at a low temperature below the outside air temperature. Sexuality will be impaired.

  Therefore, when the cooling heat exchanger is used as the heat sink during the heat pump operation, the air blowing direction of the blower is reversed during the heat pump operation, and the air after passing through the cooling heat exchanger is taken into the outside air intake port as in Patent Document 2. May be released from

  However, as in Patent Document 2, in the configuration in which the air passes through the heater core before passing through the cooling heat exchanger, the cooling water heated by the water-refrigerant heat exchanger passes through the heater core. As heat is taken away by the heater core, ventilation resistance increases, the amount of air passing through the cooling heat exchanger decreases, and the amount of heat absorbed by the cooling heat exchanger decreases. For this reason, the objective of warming the cooling water of a motor | power_engine quickly and making the temperature of a motor | power_engine to an energy efficient temperature early cannot be achieved.

  In view of the above points, the present invention is a configuration in which the cooling water of a prime mover is heated by a heat pump using a heat exchanger for cooling in an air conditioning case as a heat absorber in order to warm the prime mover quickly, It aims at providing the air-conditioner for vehicles which does not impair property.

In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, in the cooling operation in which the air flowing toward the vehicle interior by the blower (22) is cooled by the cooling heat exchanger (14), the outdoor heat exchanger ( 12), the refrigerant discharged from the compressor (11) is radiated, the refrigerant is absorbed by the cooling heat exchanger (14), and the cooling water of the prime mover (3) is heated to water-refrigerant heat to warm the prime mover (3). At the time of heat pump operation which heats with an exchanger (15), the air-conditioner for vehicles which makes a refrigerant after discharging heat from a compressor (11) discharge with a water-refrigerant heat exchanger (15), and absorbs heat with a heat exchanger for cooling (14) A device,
The blower (22) can change the blowing direction between the direction toward the vehicle interior and the opposite direction, and during the heat pump operation, the blowing direction of the blower (22) is changed to the blowing direction during the cooling operation. By operating the blower (22) in the opposite direction, the vehicle interior air is sucked from the vehicle interior communication ports (28, 29, 30, 40), and all of the sucked air is exchanged with the cooling heat exchanger (14). Only the cooling heat exchanger (14) is allowed to pass through the heating heat exchanger (19), and the air that has passed through the cooling heat exchanger (14) is discharged from the outside air inlet (25) to the outside of the vehicle compartment. It is characterized by becoming.

  Thus, in the present invention, during the heat pump operation, the cooling heat exchanger (14) is used as a heat absorber, and the water-refrigerant heat exchanger (15) is used as a radiator, so that water-refrigerant heat exchange is performed. The cooling water of the prime mover (3) is heated by the vessel (15).

  In the present invention, during this heat pump operation, the air blow direction of the blower (22) is set to the opposite direction to that during the cooling operation, and the cold air after passing through the cooling heat exchanger (14) is converted into the outside air inlet (25). Therefore, it is possible to avoid impairing the comfort of the passenger compartment by supplying cold air to the passenger compartment.

  Moreover, in this invention, the air inhaled from the vehicle interior communication port (28, 29, 30, 40) does not pass through the heating heat exchanger (19) but passes only through the cooling heat exchanger (14). Thus, the cooling water can be efficiently heated as compared with the case of passing through the heat exchanger for heating (19). As a result, the cooling water of the prime mover can be warmed quickly, and the temperature of the prime mover can be brought to a temperature with good energy efficiency at an early stage.

  In the invention described in claim 1, for example, the configuration described in claim 2 can be adopted. That is, in the heat pump operation, the air in the vehicle interior is sucked from any of the plurality of outlet openings (28, 29, 30) with the position of the air mix door (23) set to the maximum cooling position during the cooling operation. Can be adopted.

  In this configuration, by setting the position of the air mix door (23) as the maximum cooling position during the cooling operation, only the cooling heat exchanger (14) is allowed to pass without passing air through the heating heat exchanger (19). Air can be passed through.

  Furthermore, in the invention described in claim 2, for example, the configuration described in claim 3 can be adopted. That is, during the heat pump operation, the vehicle is moved from the defroster opening (28) with the defroster opening (28) opened and the plurality of blowout openings (29, 30) except the defroster opening (28) closed. A configuration for sucking indoor air can be adopted.

  Here, when the air sucked from the air outlet in the passenger compartment passes through the occupant, the occupant feels a feeling of cold wind, but as in the present invention, the defroster opening that communicates with the defroster air outlet located farthest from the occupant By sucking only from the section, it is possible to make it difficult for the occupant to feel the cold wind.

  Further, in the invention described in claim 1, for example, the configuration described in claim 4 can be adopted. That is, the air conditioning case (21) includes a cooling opening (28, 29, 30) for blowing air into the vehicle interior during cooling operation, and a cooling heat exchanger (14) and heating heat as the vehicle interior communication port. An inside air suction opening (40) provided between the exchanger (19), the inside air suction opening (40) is closed during the cooling operation, and the outlet opening during the heat pump operation. In a state where all of (28, 29, 30) are closed, it is possible to adopt a configuration in which the vehicle interior air is sucked from the inside air suction opening (40).

  In this configuration, air in the passenger compartment is sucked from the opening (40) provided between the cooling heat exchanger (14) and the heating heat exchanger (19) in the air conditioning case. Air can be passed through the cooling heat exchanger (14) without passing through the heat exchanger (19).

  In addition, the code | symbol in the bracket | parenthesis of each means described in this column and the claim shows the correspondence with the specific means as described in embodiment mentioned later.

(First embodiment)
In FIG. 1, the whole structure of the vehicle air conditioner 1 in 1st Embodiment of this invention is shown. As shown in FIG. 1, the vehicle air conditioner 1 includes a refrigerant circuit 2 constituting a vapor compression refrigeration cycle (heat pump cycle) and a cooling water circuit 4 for cooling an engine 3 as a prime mover.

  In the refrigerant circuit 2, a compressor 11, an outdoor heat exchanger 12, a first expansion valve 13, and an evaporator 14 are sequentially connected in series, and water is connected between the compressor 11 and the outdoor heat exchanger 12. -The refrigerant | coolant heat exchanger 15 and the 2nd expansion valve 16 are connected in series in order. Further, the refrigerant circuit 2 includes a bypass passage 17 through which the refrigerant bypasses the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15 and the second expansion valve 16, and a first electromagnetic valve 18 as an opening / closing means for opening and closing the bypass passage 17. have.

  The refrigerant circuit 2 employs a chlorofluorocarbon refrigerant as the refrigerant, and constitutes a subcritical refrigeration cycle in which the high-pressure side refrigerant pressure does not exceed the critical pressure of the refrigerant. In addition, each function part 11-16 which comprises a refrigerating cycle is connected by refrigerant | coolant piping etc.

  The functional units 11 to 16 will be described. The compressor 11 compresses and discharges the refrigerant, and the outdoor heat exchanger 12 is a heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the refrigerant and the vehicle exterior air. The expansion valve 13 is a first decompression unit that decompresses and expands the refrigerant.

  The evaporator 14 is a cooling heat exchanger (cooling heat exchanger) that cools the air by absorbing and evaporating the liquid-phase refrigerant by heat exchange between the refrigerant and the air. The evaporator 14 is accommodated in an air conditioning case 21 of an air conditioning unit 20 disposed inside a vehicle instrument panel (instrument panel) (not shown) at the forefront of the vehicle interior.

  The water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15 has a cooling water passage 15a through which cooling water flows and a refrigerant passage 15b through which high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 11 flows, and heat-exchanges the cooling water and the refrigerant, It is a heat exchanger that heats the cooling water by radiating heat from the refrigerant to the cooling water.

  The second expansion valve 16 is a second decompression unit that decompresses and expands the refrigerant, and is used to use the outdoor heat exchanger 12 as a heat absorber during heat pump operation, as will be described later.

  On the other hand, the cooling water circuit 4 is connected to the engine 3, the heater core 19, and the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15, and is configured such that cooling water for cooling the engine 3 is circulated by a water pump (not shown). ing.

  The heater core 19 is a heating heat exchanger (heating heat exchanger) that heats the air by causing heat exchange between the cooling water heated by the engine and the air. The heater core 19 is accommodated in the air conditioning case 21 of the air conditioning unit 20.

  In the present embodiment, a control device (air conditioner ECU) (not shown) switches between opening and closing of the first electromagnetic valve 18 during automatic air conditioning, so that the operation mode of the refrigeration cycle is switched between the cooling operation and the heat pump operation. It has become.

  The cooling operation is an operation mode in which the air flowing toward the vehicle interior by the operation of the blower is intended to cool by the evaporator 14 and is performed during normal air conditioning for cooling, dehumidifying and heating the vehicle interior. Mode.

  During this cooling operation, the first electromagnetic valve 18 is opened, so that the compressor 11 → the bypass passage 17 → the outdoor heat exchanger 12 → the first expansion valve, as shown by the broken line arrow in FIG. A refrigeration cycle in which refrigerant circulates in the order of 13 → evaporator 14 → compressor 11 is configured.

  In other words, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 11 dissipates heat and condenses by exchanging heat with the outdoor air in the outdoor heat exchanger 12, and is decompressed and expanded by the first expansion valve 13. 14 absorbs heat from the air flowing toward the passenger compartment and evaporates. Thereby, the air passing through the evaporator 14 is cooled. The refrigerant that has absorbed heat by the evaporator 14 is sucked into the compressor 11 and compressed.

  On the other hand, the heat pump operation is an operation mode aimed at warming the engine 3 quickly by heating the cooling water with the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15. However, the heat pump operation of the present embodiment is not intended for vehicle interior heating.

  The operation mode is switched by the control device based on an input result from a water temperature sensor (not shown) that detects the cooling water temperature. For example, when the temperature of the cooling water is 60 ° C. or less, the heat pump operation is executed.

  During this heat pump operation, the first electromagnetic valve 18 is closed, and as indicated by the solid line arrow in FIG. 1, the compressor 11 → the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15 → the second expansion valve 16 → A refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant circulates in the order of the outdoor heat exchanger 12 → the first expansion valve 13 → the evaporator 14 → the compressor 11 is configured.

  That is, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 11 exchanges heat with the cooling water in the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15 to dissipate heat, thereby heating the cooling water. The refrigerant that has passed through the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15 is decompressed and expanded by the second expansion valve 16, and then absorbs heat from the vehicle exterior air by the outdoor heat exchanger 12. Further, the refrigerant that has passed through the outdoor heat exchanger 12 is decompressed and expanded by the first expansion valve 13, and then absorbs heat from the air flowing toward the vehicle interior by the evaporator 14 and evaporates. Thereby, the air passing through the evaporator 14 is cooled. The refrigerant that has absorbed heat by the evaporator 14 is sucked into the compressor 11 and compressed.

  Thus, in this embodiment, in the cooling operation, the outdoor heat exchanger 12 is used as a radiator and the evaporator 14 is used as a heat absorber, whereas in the heat pump operation, the outdoor heat exchanger 12 is used. The evaporator 14 is used as a heat absorber, and the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15 is used as a radiator.

  And in this embodiment, compared with the case where only the evaporator 14 is used as a heat absorber by using two of the outdoor heat exchanger 12 and the evaporator 14 as a heat absorber during the heat pump operation, The endothermic amount is increased.

  Next, the air conditioning unit 20 will be described. 2 and 3 are sectional views of the air conditioning unit 20. FIG. 2 shows a case where the operation mode of the refrigeration cycle is a cooling operation, and FIG. 3 shows a case where the operation mode of the refrigeration cycle is a heat pump operation. 2 and 3 is the vertical direction when the air conditioning unit 20 is mounted on the vehicle.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the air conditioning unit 20 includes an air conditioning case 21. Inside the air conditioning case 21, a blower 22 and an evaporator are sequentially arranged from the upstream side of the air flow (air conditioning wind flow) during the cooling operation. 14, an air mix door 23 and a heater core 19 are arranged.

  The air conditioning case 21 forms an air passage through which air flows toward the vehicle interior during cooling operation, and is made of resin. Although not distinguished in FIGS. 2 and 3, the air conditioning case 21 has a blower unit case portion that houses the blower 22 and an air conditioning main body case portion that houses the evaporator 14 and the heater core 19. In the air conditioning main body case, the evaporator 14, the air mix door 23, and the heater core 19 are arranged side by side in order from the front to the rear of the vehicle, for example, in a vehicle-mounted state.

  The air mix door 23 adjusts the amount of air passing through the evaporator 14 and the amount of air passing through the heater core 19 during the cooling operation, and is constituted by a plate door. In addition, you may comprise the air mix door 23 by other doors, such as a slide door.

  Although not distinguished in FIGS. 2 and 3, the air conditioning case 21 has an inside / outside air switching unit on the upstream side of the conditioned air flow from the evaporator 14 and the heater core 19. The inside air inlet 24 for sucking in the cabin air (inside air), the outside air inlet 25 for sucking the outside air (outside air), and the open / close doors 26, 27 for opening and closing both the inlets 24, 25 are provided. Is provided.

  The air-conditioning case 21 includes a plurality of blow-off openings 28, 29, and 30 on the downstream side of the air-conditioning air flow from the evaporator 14 and the heater core 19, and blow-out mode doors 31, 32, and 33 that selectively open and close them. have. The plurality of blow-out openings 28, 29, and 30 are openings for blowing conditioned air into the vehicle interior, and each communicates with each air outlet provided in the vehicle interior. The plurality of blowing openings are, for example, a defroster opening 28, a face opening 29, and a foot opening 30, and each is provided with a defroster door 31, a face door 32, and a foot door 33 as a blowing mode door. It has been.

  The blower 22 of the present embodiment can change the blowing direction between a forward direction (a direction from the inside air introduction port 24 or the outside air introduction port 25 toward the plurality of blowing openings 28, 29, and 30) and the opposite direction. For example, an axial fan capable of switching between forward rotation and reverse rotation is used.

  Then, during the cooling operation (air conditioning), a control device (not shown) operates the fan 22 in the normal rotation as shown in FIG. An air flow toward the room is created.

  At this time, the position of the open / close door 27 of the outside air inlet 25 and the position of the open / close door 26 of the inside air inlet 24 are set according to a desired air introduction mode by a control device (not shown). The positions 32 and 33 are positions corresponding to a desired blowing mode. For example, during maximum heating when the air introduction mode is the outside air introduction mode, the air introduced from the outside air inlet 25 passes through the heater core 19 after passing through the evaporator 14 as indicated by the arrow in FIG. Thus, the air-conditioning air at a desired temperature is blown out from the defroster opening 28 and the foot opening 30 into the vehicle interior.

  On the other hand, during the heat pump operation, as shown in FIG. 3, a control device (not shown) operates the blower 22 in the reverse rotation, thereby creating an air flow in the direction opposite to that during the cooling operation. At this time, the control device sets the open / close door 26 of the inside air inlet 24 to the closed position, sets the open / close door 27 of the outside air inlet 25 to the open position, and sets the air mix door 23 to the maximum cooling position during the cooling operation. The defroster door 31 is set to the open position, and the face door 32 and the foot door 33 are set to the closed position.

  As a result, as shown by the arrows in FIG. 3, the cabin air sucked into the air conditioning case 21 from the defroster opening 28 located on the vehicle rear side of both the blower 22 and the evaporator 14 passes through the evaporator 14. After being cooled, the air is discharged from the outside air inlet 25 to the outside of the vehicle. At this time, since the inside air is sucked from the defroster opening 28 which is one of the blowout openings, and the face door 32 and the foot door 33 are in the closed position, no air is blown into the vehicle interior.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, during the heat pump operation, the air blowing direction by the blower 22 is set as the opposite direction to the cooling operation, the inside air is sucked from the defroster opening 28, and all the sucked air is allowed to pass through the evaporator 14. Since the cool air after passing through the evaporator 14 is discharged from the outside air inlet 25 to the outside of the vehicle compartment, it is possible to avoid impairing the comfort in the vehicle compartment by supplying the cold air into the vehicle compartment.

  In the present embodiment, the air mix door 23 is set to the maximum cooling position during the heat pump operation. Therefore, the air sucked from the defroster opening 28 does not pass through the heater core 19 but passes only through the evaporator 14. .

  Here, unlike the present embodiment, when the air sucked from the defroster opening 28 passes through the heater core 19 and then passes through the evaporator 14, the heat of the cooling water heated by the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15 is taken away. Or the ventilation resistance increases, the passing air amount of the evaporator 14 decreases, and the heat absorption amount of the evaporator 14 decreases.

  On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the air sucked from the defroster opening 28 does not pass through the heater core 19, so that the cooling water can be heated more efficiently than when the air passes through the heater core 19. It can be warmed up quickly to increase engine efficiency.

  Further, when the passenger compartment air is sucked from the air outlet in the passenger compartment, wind is generated around the passenger and the passenger feels a cold wind. In the present embodiment, a plurality of outlet openings 28, 29, and 30 are provided. Among them, since the suction is performed only from the defroster opening 28 communicating with the defroster outlet farthest from the occupant, the occupant can hardly feel the cold wind.

  Moreover, the refrigerant circuit 2 of this embodiment is connected in series in order of the compressor 11, the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15, the 2nd expansion valve 16, the outdoor heat exchanger 12, the 1st expansion valve 13, and the evaporator 14. With a simple configuration, a water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15, a bypass passage 17 that bypasses the second expansion valve 16, and a first electromagnetic valve 18 that opens and closes the bypass passage 17 are provided with respect to the refrigerant circuit. is there. In both the cooling operation and the heat pump operation, the refrigerant flows in the order of the compressor 11 →... → the outdoor heat exchanger 12 → the first expansion valve 13 → the evaporator 14 → the compressor 11. Yes.

  Thus, in this embodiment, since the evaporator 14 is used as a heat absorber during the heat pump operation, the refrigerant flow direction of the refrigerant circuit 2 can be set to the same direction as during the cooling operation. As a result, according to this embodiment, the four-way valve for reversing the refrigerant flow described in Patent Document 1 is not necessary, and the circuit configuration can be simplified as compared with the refrigerant circuit described in Patent Document 1.

(Second Embodiment)
4 and 5 are sectional views of the air conditioning unit 20 in the present embodiment. FIG. 4 shows a case where the operation mode of the refrigeration cycle is a cooling operation, and FIG. 5 shows a case where the operation mode of the refrigeration cycle is a heat pump operation. 4 and 5, the same components as those in FIGS. 2 and 3 are denoted by the same reference numerals.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, in the present embodiment, the air-conditioning case 21 is provided with an inside air suction opening 40 for sucking air in the vehicle compartment during heat pump operation, and an open / close door 41 that opens and closes the inside air suction opening 40. And are provided.

  The inside air suction opening 40 is provided separately from the inside air inlet 24, the outside air inlet 25, and the plurality of outlet openings 28, 29, 30, and is disposed between the evaporator 14 and the heater core 19. Yes. Note that the space between the evaporator 14 and the heater core 19 is in the air flow direction during the cooling operation, and in the vehicle front-rear direction when the air conditioning unit 20 is mounted on the vehicle.

  During the cooling operation (air conditioning), the control device (not shown) causes the opening / closing door 41 of the inside air suction opening 40 to be in the closed position as shown in FIG. 4, and the blower 22 operates in the forward rotation. Thus, an air flow toward the passenger compartment is created in the air conditioning case 21. At this time, the position of the open / close door 27 of the outside air inlet 25 and the position of the open / close door 26 of the inside air inlet 24 are set according to a desired air introduction mode by a control device (not shown). The positions 32 and 33 are positions corresponding to a desired blowing mode.

  For example, at the time of maximum heating when the air introduction mode is the outside air introduction mode, the air introduced from the outside air inlet 25 passes through the heater core 19 after passing through the evaporator 14 as indicated by the arrow in FIG. Thus, the air-conditioning air at a desired temperature is blown out from the defroster opening 28 and the foot opening 30 into the vehicle interior.

  On the other hand, during the heat pump operation, as shown in FIG. 5, the door 41 of the inside air suction opening 40 and the open / close door 27 of the outside air inlet 25 are opened by a control device (not shown), and the blower 22 rotates in the reverse direction. The air flow in the direction opposite to that during cooling operation (air conditioning) is created. At this time, the open / close door 26 of the inside air inlet 24 is set to a closed position by a control device (not shown), the air mix door 23 is set to the maximum heating position during the cooling operation (air conditioning), the defroster door 31 and the face The door 32 and the foot door 33 are in the closed position.

  As a result, as shown by the arrows in FIG. 5, the vehicle interior air is sucked from the interior air suction opening 40, and all the sucked vehicle interior air is cooled after passing through the evaporator 14, and then introduced into the outside air. It is discharged from the mouth 25 to the outside of the vehicle.

  Thus, in the present embodiment, during the heat pump operation, from the inside air suction opening 40 provided between the evaporator 14 and the heater core 19 with the plurality of blowout openings 28, 29, 30 closed. Since the passenger compartment air is sucked in, the air can be passed through only the evaporator 14 without passing through the heater core 19.

  For this reason, according to this embodiment, unlike the first embodiment, there is no need to set the position of the air mix door 23 to the maximum cooling position, so the position of the air mix door 23 is set to the maximum heating position. Thus, by setting the position of the air mix door 23 to the maximum heating position in this way, it is possible to immediately shift to vehicle interior heating after the end of the heat pump operation.

  Further, according to the present embodiment, the interior air inside the vehicle instrument panel (instrument panel) is sucked from the inside air suction opening 40, and is separated from the space where the occupant exists and the vehicle instrument panel. Since the air in the space is sucked, the cool wind feeling felt by the passenger can be further suppressed as compared with the first embodiment in which the air in the space where the passenger exists is directly sucked from the defroster opening 28.

  Further, according to the present embodiment, air is sucked from the inside air suction opening 40 closer to the evaporator 14 than the defroster opening 28, so that the inside of the air conditioning case 21 is compared with the first embodiment. Since the distance of the flowing air can be shortened and the ventilation resistance can be reduced, the heat absorption amount of the evaporator 14 can be increased, and the cooling water can be warmed quickly.

(Third embodiment)
In FIG. 6, the whole structure of the vehicle air conditioner 1 in this embodiment is shown. In FIG. 6, the same components as those in FIG.

  In the present embodiment, the second expansion valve 16, the bypass passage 17, and the first electromagnetic valve 18 are omitted from the refrigerant circuit 2 shown in FIG. For this reason, the refrigerant circuit 2 of the present embodiment has a configuration in which the compressor 11, the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15, the outdoor heat exchanger 12, the first expansion valve 13, and the evaporator 14 are connected in series. Compared to the first embodiment, the configuration is simpler.

  During the cooling operation, as indicated by a broken line arrow in FIG. 6, the compressor 11 → the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15 → the outdoor heat exchanger 12 → the first expansion valve 13 → the evaporator 14 → the compressor 11. A refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant circulates in this order is configured.

  On the other hand, during the heat pump operation, as indicated by the solid line arrows in FIG. 6, the compressor 11 → the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15 → the outdoor heat exchanger 12 → the first expansion valve 13 → the evaporator 14 → the compressor 11. A refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant circulates in this order is configured. In the present embodiment, unlike the first embodiment, only the evaporator 14 of the outdoor heat exchanger 12 and the evaporator 14 is used as a heat absorber.

(Fourth embodiment)
In FIG. 7, the whole structure of the vehicle air conditioner 1 in this embodiment is shown. In FIG. 7, the same components as those in FIG.

  The refrigerant circuit 2 of the present embodiment is obtained by changing the connection relationship between the compressor 11 on the refrigerant discharge side of the compressor 11 and the first expansion valve 13 with respect to the refrigerant circuit 2 of FIG. Specifically, an outdoor heat exchanger 12 and a water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15 are connected in parallel between the compressor 11 and the first expansion valve 13. A second electromagnetic valve 51 that opens and closes a refrigerant passage that flows through the outdoor heat exchanger 12 and a third electromagnetic valve 52 that opens and closes a refrigerant passage that flows through the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 15 are provided.

  In the present embodiment, during the cooling operation, the second electromagnetic valve 51 is opened and the third electromagnetic valve 52 is closed, so that the compressor 11 → A refrigeration cycle in which the refrigerant circulates in the order of the outdoor heat exchanger 12 → the first expansion valve 13 → the evaporator 14 → the compressor 11 is configured.

  On the other hand, during the heat pump operation, the second solenoid valve 51 is closed and the third solenoid valve 52 is opened, so that the compressor 11 → water-refrigerant as shown by the solid arrow in FIG. A refrigeration cycle is formed in which the refrigerant circulates in the order of the heat exchanger 15 → the first expansion valve 13 → the evaporator 14 → the compressor 11.

(Other embodiments)
(1) In 1st Embodiment, although the position of the air blower 22 was made into the position of the upstream of the air flow at the time of cooling operation rather than the evaporator 14, the position between the evaporator 14 and the heater core 19, or the heater core 19 The position may be changed to a position on the downstream side.

  Similarly, in the second embodiment, the position of the blower 22 is set to a position upstream of the air flow during the cooling operation from the evaporator 14, but within the range from the inside air suction opening 40 to the outside air inlet 25. If so, it may be changed to another position.

  (2) In the first embodiment, during the heat pump operation, the air is sucked from only the defroster opening 28 out of the plurality of blowing openings 28, 29, 30. However, the air that has passed through the evaporator 14 is discharged outside the vehicle. From this point of view, the air may be sucked from any one or a plurality of the blowout openings 28, 29, and 30.

  (3) In each of the above-described embodiments, the position of the air mix door 23 is a position on the upstream side of the air flow during the cooling operation from the heater core 19, but may be a position on the downstream side of the heater core 19.

  (4) In each of the embodiments described above, the air conditioning case 21 has the blower unit case portion that houses the blower 22 and the air conditioning main body case portion that houses the evaporator 14 and the heater core 19. It is good also as a structure which accommodates the air blower 22, the evaporator 14, and the heater core 19 in the inside of a case.

  (5) In the above-described embodiments, the case where the prime mover is an engine has been described. However, the prime mover may be other than an engine such as a fuel cell, for example.

  (6) In each of the above-described embodiments, the chlorofluorocarbon refrigerant is used. However, another refrigerant may be used, or a refrigerant whose high pressure exceeds the critical pressure such as carbon dioxide (CO2) may be used.

  (7) The above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined within a combinable range.

1 is a diagram illustrating an overall configuration of a vehicle air conditioner 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is sectional drawing of the air conditioning unit 20 in FIG. 1 at the time of cooling operation. It is sectional drawing of the air conditioning unit 20 in FIG. 1 at the time of heat pump driving | operation. It is sectional drawing of the air conditioning unit 20 of 2nd Embodiment at the time of cooling operation. It is sectional drawing of the air conditioning unit 20 of 2nd Embodiment at the time of heat pump driving | operation. It is a figure which shows the whole structure of the vehicle air conditioner 1 in 3rd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the whole structure of the vehicle air conditioner 1 in 4th Embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

3 Engine 11 Compressor 12 Outdoor Heat Exchanger 14 Cooling Heat Exchanger 15 Water-Refrigerant Heat Exchanger 19 Heater Core 21 Air Conditioning Case 22 Blower 23 Air Mix Door 28 Defroster Opening 29 Face Opening 30 Foot Opening 40 For Air Suction Aperture

Claims (4)

A compressor (11) for compressing and discharging the refrigerant;
An outdoor heat exchanger (12) for exchanging heat between the refrigerant and outside air,
A heat exchanger for cooling (14) that cools the air by causing heat exchange between the refrigerant and the air;
A water-refrigerant heat exchanger (15) that heat-exchanges heat by cooling the refrigerant and the cooling water that cools the prime mover (3);
An air passage (21) for accommodating the cooling heat exchanger (14) and forming an air passage through which air flows toward the passenger compartment,
A blower (22) that is housed in the air conditioning case (21) and blows air toward the vehicle interior;
The air conditioning case (21) is accommodated on the downstream side of the air flow toward the vehicle compartment from the cooling heat exchanger (14), and the heat for cooling is obtained by heat exchange between the cooling water of the prime mover (3) and air. A heating heat exchanger (19) for heating the air that has passed through the exchanger (14),
In the cooling operation in which the air flowing toward the vehicle interior by the blower (22) is cooled by the cooling heat exchanger (14), the refrigerant discharged from the compressor (11) by the outdoor heat exchanger (12) Radiate heat, absorb the refrigerant in the cooling heat exchanger (14),
During the heat pump operation in which the cooling water of the prime mover (3) is heated by the water-refrigerant heat exchanger (15) in order to warm the prime mover (3), the compression by the water-refrigerant heat exchanger (15) is performed. A vehicle air conditioner that dissipates heat from the discharged refrigerant and absorbs heat by the cooling heat exchanger (14),
The blower (22) is capable of changing the blowing direction between the direction toward the passenger compartment and the opposite direction,
The air conditioning case (21) includes an outside air inlet (25) for sucking air outside the vehicle compartment during the cooling operation, and an opposite side of the outside air inlet (25) across the cooling heat exchanger (14). Vehicle interior communication ports (28, 29, 30, 40) communicating with the vehicle interior at
During the heat pump operation, by operating the air blower (22) with the air blowing direction of the air blower (22) opposite to the air blowing direction during the cooling operation, the vehicle interior communication ports (28, 29, 30) are operated. 40), the vehicle interior air is sucked in, and all of the sucked air is passed through only the cooling heat exchanger (14) out of the cooling heat exchanger (14) and the heating heat exchanger (19). The vehicle air conditioner is characterized in that air that has passed through the cooling heat exchanger (14) is discharged from the outside air inlet (25) to the outside of the passenger compartment. The air conditioning case (21) has a plurality of outlet openings (28, 29, 30) for blowing air into the vehicle compartment during the cooling operation as the vehicle interior communication port,
An air mix door that adjusts the amount of air that passes through the cooling heat exchanger (14) and the amount of air that passes through the heating heat exchanger (19) in the air conditioning case (21) during the cooling operation. (23) is provided,
During the heat pump operation, the air in the vehicle interior is discharged from any of the plurality of outlet openings (28, 29, 30) in a state where the position of the air mix door (23) is set to the maximum cooling position during the cooling operation. The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the vehicle air conditioner is sucked.   During the heat pump operation, the defroster opening (28) among the plurality of blowing openings is opened, and the plurality of blowing openings (29, 30) excluding the defroster opening (28) are closed. The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 2, wherein air in the passenger compartment is sucked from the defroster opening (28). The air conditioning case (21)
Blowout openings (28, 29, 30) for blowing air into the vehicle compartment during the cooling operation;
As the vehicle interior communication opening, it has an open air intake (40) provided between the cooling heat exchanger (14) and the heating heat exchanger (19),
During the cooling operation, the inside air suction opening (40) is in a closed state,
During the heat pump operation, vehicle interior air is sucked from the inside air suction opening (40) in a state where all of the blowout openings (28, 29, 30) are closed. The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 1.

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