JP2010112680A - Storage type hot water supply device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a storage type hot water supply device capable of sufficiently effectively utilizing collection of heat of solar light. <P>SOLUTION: A hot water supply control device includes calculating a water capacity for hot water supply to make a heat collection completion temperature STp of the water for hot water supply heated by heat collection estimated heat quantity K×SQ reaches a hot water supply available lower limit temperature, as a solar heat collection capacity SL (step 250), calculating a capacity of the difference between a capacity of a hot water storage tank and a solar heat collection capacity SL as a boiling-up capacity HPL (step 260), and operating a heat pump unit to store hot water of boiling-up capacity HPL from an upper part in the hot water storage tank (step 310). <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus including a hot water storage tank that stores therein hot water supply water boiled by a boiling heat source apparatus and hot water supply water collected by a solar heat source apparatus.

  As a prior art, there is a hot water storage type hot water supply device disclosed in Patent Document 1 below. This hot water storage type hot water supply device has a heating heat source device that heats up the hot water supply water in the lower part of the hot water storage tank and stores it in the hot water storage tank from the upper part, and a heat collection medium heated by receiving sunlight with a solar heat collector. And a solar heat source device for heating the hot water supply water in the hot water storage tank.

Then, the hot water supply water is boiled with the boiling heat source device, and the difference between the required amount of heat for the hot water supply of the day and the estimated heat collection amount on the day of heating the hot water supply water with the solar heat source device is stored in the hot water storage tank, and then The hot water supply water heated by the amount of heat collected by the solar heat source device is stored in the lower part of the hot water heated by the boiling heat source device.
JP 2006-153383 A

  However, in the above-described conventional hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus, the boiling heat source apparatus is operated in accordance with the difference between the necessary heat amount for hot water supply for one day and the estimated heat collection heat amount for heating the hot water supply water by the solar heat source apparatus. Therefore, there is a problem that solar heat collection may not be sufficiently effectively used.

  For example, when the capacity of the hot water collection by the solar heat source device after boiling hot water storage by the boiling heat source device is relatively large, the temperature of the hot water after solar heat collection is too low to be used for hot water supply. May occur. In addition, if the hot water storage capacity of the solar heat source device after boiling hot water storage is relatively small, if the hot water supply reaches the solar heat collection upper limit temperature, even if it receives sunlight, further heat collection There may be a problem that cannot be performed.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and it is possible to sufficiently effectively utilize solar heat collection by controlling not only the amount of boiling hot water stored by the boiling heat source device but also the boiling hot water storage capacity. An object of the present invention is to provide a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus capable of performing the above.

In order to achieve the above object, in the invention described in claim 1,
A hot water storage tank (21) for storing hot water supply water inside,
A boiling heat source device (22) for boiling hot water in the lower part of the hot water storage tank (21) and storing it in the hot water storage tank (21) from above;
A solar heat source device (10) that heats hot water in the hot water storage tank (21) with a heat collecting medium that receives sunlight and is heated by the solar heat collector (11);
Control means (25) for controlling the operation of the boiling heat source device (22) according to the difference between the required amount of heat for hot water supply of the day and the estimated amount of heat collected on the day when the hot water supply water is heated by the solar heat source device (10) And comprising
In the hot water storage tank (21), the hot water supply water heated by the amount of collected heat obtained by the solar heat source device (10) is stored below the hot water supply water previously boiled by the boiling heat source device (22). In hot water storage type hot water supply equipment,
The control means (25)
The capacity of the hot water supply water at which the heat collection completion temperature heated with the estimated amount of heat collection becomes a predetermined temperature based on the lower limit temperature at which hot water can be used is defined as the heat collection hot water storage capacity (SL) by the solar heat source device (10). The difference capacity between the capacity of the tank (21) and the heat collecting hot water storage capacity (SL) is defined as the boiling hot water storage capacity (HPL)
The boiling heat source device (22) is operated so as to store the boiling hot water storage capacity (HPL) from the upper part in the hot water storage tank (21).

  According to this, the heat collection hot water storage capacity (SL) is determined so that the heat collection completion temperature becomes a predetermined temperature based on the lower limit temperature usable for hot water supply, and the heat collection hot water storage capacity (SL) is subtracted from the hot water storage tank capacity. The capacity is determined as the boiling hot water storage capacity (HPL), and the boiling heat source device (22) can be operated to store the boiling hot water storage capacity (HPL) from the upper part in the hot water storage tank (21).

  That is, when the heat collecting hot water storage capacity (SL), which is the remaining capacity of the hot water storage tank when the boiling hot water storage capacity (HPL) is boiled by the boiling heat source device (22), is heated by the estimated heat collecting heat capacity, The heat collection completion temperature of (SL) hot water supply water can be set to a predetermined temperature based on a lower limit temperature that can be used for hot water supply.

  Therefore, the heat collection hot water storage capacity (SL) becomes so large that the temperature of the hot water supply water after the heat collection is too low to be used for hot water supply, or the hot water supply water reaches the solar heat collection upper limit temperature during the heat collection. There is no small capacity to reach. Thereby, solar heat collection can fully be utilized effectively.

  In the invention according to claim 2, the control means (25) calculates the heat collection hot water storage capacity (SL) at which the heat collection completion temperature is a predetermined temperature based on the lower limit temperature at which hot water can be used, and The capacity obtained by subtracting the heat collection hot water storage capacity (SL) from the capacity of the water is calculated as a boiling hot water storage capacity (HPL). According to this, the boiling hot water storage capacity (HPL) can be accurately calculated and determined.

  In the invention according to claim 3, the control means (25) is configured to collect the heat collection completion temperature based on the estimated heat collection heat amount and the average water supply temperature of the water supplied to the hot water storage tank (21) in the immediately preceding predetermined period. It is characterized by calculating. According to this, it is possible to accurately calculate the heat collection completion temperature necessary for calculating the boiling hot water storage capacity (HPL).

  In the invention according to claim 4, the control means (25) is the boiling temperature by the boiling heat source device (22) when the boiling hot water storage capacity (HPL) is stored from the upper part in the hot water storage tank (21). The required amount of heat for hot water supply, the estimated amount of heat collected, the amount of remaining hot water in the hot water storage tank (21) when starting boiling hot water storage, and the average water supply of the water supplied to the hot water storage tank (21) in the immediately preceding predetermined period The calculation is based on temperature.

  According to this, before the heat collection by the solar heat source device (10), the boiling by the boiling heat source device (22) is stored so as to accurately store the heat amount obtained by subtracting the estimated heat collection heat amount from the necessary heat amount for hot water supply of the day. The raised temperature can be determined.

  In the invention according to claim 5, the control means (25) is configured to collect heat from the correspondence relationship between the preset heat collection estimated heat quantity, the heat collection hot water storage capacity (SL) and the boiling hot water storage capacity (HPL). The boiling water storage capacity (HPL) is specified based on the estimated heat quantity. According to this, since it is not necessary to calculate the boiling hot water storage capacity (HPL) every time the boiling operation is performed by the boiling heat source device (22), the operation control can be easily performed.

  In the invention according to claim 6, the control means (25) sets the estimated heat collection heat amount set in advance, the average water supply temperature of the water supplied to the hot water storage tank (21) in the immediately preceding predetermined period, and the heat collection hot water storage. From the correspondence relationship between the capacity (SL) and the boiling hot water storage capacity (HPL), the boiling hot water storage capacity (HPL) is specified based on the estimated heat collection heat amount and the average feed water temperature.

  According to this, it is possible to accurately specify the boiling hot water storage capacity (HPL) based on the average water supply temperature in addition to the estimated heat collection heat amount.

  In the invention according to claim 7, the control means (25) calculates the heat collection estimated heat amount, the heat collection actual heat amount obtained by heating the hot water supply water by the solar heat source device (10) in the past, and the solar heat source device (10 ) Based on the weather prediction information on the day when the hot water supply water is heated. According to this, it is possible to accurately calculate the heat collection estimated heat amount by correcting the heat collection actual heat amount by the weather prediction information.

  Moreover, in invention of Claim 8, a boiling-up heat source apparatus (22) is a heat pump apparatus (22), It is characterized by the above-mentioned. When the heat pump device (22) is a boiling heat source device, the output per hour of the boiling heat source device is relatively small, and the hot water storage tank (21) is often set to a relatively large capacity. In a water heater equipped with a large-capacity hot water storage tank, boiling and collecting heat without taking into account the hot water storage capacity is likely to cause frequent occurrence of solar heat collection. large.

  In addition, the code | symbol in the parenthesis attached | subjected to each said means is an example which shows a corresponding relationship with the specific means as described in embodiment mentioned later.

  A plurality of modes for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In each embodiment, parts corresponding to the matters described in the preceding embodiment may be denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description may be omitted. In the case where only a part of the configuration is described in each embodiment, the other parts of the configuration are the same as those described previously. In addition to the combination of parts specifically described in each embodiment, the embodiments may be partially combined as long as the combination is not particularly troublesome.

(First embodiment)
Hereinafter, a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to a first embodiment to which the present invention is applied will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an overall configuration of a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus, and FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a control process of a temperature-controlled hot water supply control program 25a of the hot water supply control apparatus 25.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus of the present embodiment is a solar heat heating apparatus that is a solar heat source apparatus that heats hot water in a hot water storage tank 21 with a heat collection medium (for example, an antifreeze) heated by solar heat. 10 and a heat pump hot water supply device (heat pump hot water supply device) 20 for discharging hot water supplied by a heat pump unit (heat pump device) 22 which is a boiling heat source device having a heat pump cycle.

  The solar heating device 10 includes a solar heat collector (solar heat collector) 11 installed on the roof of a building, a heat exchanger 12 for exchanging heat between hot water in the hot water storage tank 21 and a heat collecting medium, and solar heat. A circulation fluid circuit 14 that forms a fluid circuit for circulating the heated heat collection medium from the solar heat collector 11 to the heat exchanger 12 and a heat collection control device 15 that is a heat collection control means are provided.

  The solar heat collector 11 has a fluid circuit that is heated by solar radiation inside, and is heated by circulating a heat collection medium sucked from the suction port 11a. In addition, a fluid temperature thermistor (not shown) for detecting the fluid temperature of the fluid circuit is provided, and temperature information of the heat collection medium of the solar heat collector 11 is output to the heat collection control device 15 described later.

  The heat exchanger 12 is a spiral tube disposed at a lower portion in the hot water storage tank 21 and is configured such that a heat collection medium circulates inside the tube. The circulation fluid circuit 14 is provided with a circulation pump 14 a that pumps the heat collection medium, and is electrically connected to the heat collection control device 15 and controlled.

  In addition, since hot water for hot water is stored in the hot water storage tank 21 in the order of high temperature hot water, medium temperature hot water, and low temperature hot water from the upper side to the lower side, that is, lower temperature hot water is stored downward. By disposing the heat exchanger 12 in the lower part of the hot water storage tank 21, low temperature hot water can be heated by the heat collecting medium.

  Further, in the vicinity of the inlet / outlet of the heat exchanger 12, fluid temperature sensors 12 a and 12 b for detecting the inlet / outlet fluid temperature (heat collecting medium temperature) flowing through the heat exchanger 12 and the heat collecting medium flowing through the heat exchanger 12 are installed. A flow rate counter 12c for detecting the flow rate, and the temperature information detected by the fluid temperature sensors 12a and 12b and the flow rate information detected by the flow rate counter 12c are electrically output to the heat collecting control device 15, respectively. It is connected. Here, the configuration including these fluid temperature sensors 12a and 12b and the flow rate counter 12 is a heat collection calorie measuring means.

  The heat collection control device 15 which is a heat collection control means is mainly composed of a microcomputer, and a preset heat collection control program 15a is stored in a built-in ROM (not shown). The circulation pump 14a is controlled based on temperature information from a fluid temperature thermistor (not shown) of the vessel 11, fluid temperature sensors 12a and 12b, flow rate information from the flow counter 12c, an operation signal from an operation switch (not shown), etc. Configured to control.

  The heat pump hot water supply device 20 includes a hot water storage tank 21 that stores hot water supply water therein, a heat pump cycle that circulates the hot water supply water in the hot water storage tank 21 and performs a heating operation, and hot water sucked from the lower portion of the hot water storage tank 21. A circulating water circuit 23 that forms a water circuit that circulates in the unit 22 and returns to the upper part of the hot water storage tank 21 and a hot water supply control device 25 that is a hot water supply control means are provided.

  The hot water storage tank 21 is a metal tank (for example, made of stainless steel) having excellent corrosion resistance, and a heat insulating material (not shown) is disposed on the outer peripheral portion, so that hot hot water can be kept warm for a long time. It is like that. The hot water storage tank 21 has a vertically long shape, and an introduction port 21a is provided on the bottom surface thereof, and a water supply pipe 13 for introducing tap water (city water) into the hot water storage tank 21 is connected to the introduction port 21a. .

  The water supply pipe 13 is provided with a pressure reducing check valve (not shown) that adjusts the water pressure of the introduced tap water to a predetermined pressure and prevents the backflow of hot water in the case of water interruption. Further, the water supply pipe 13 is provided with a water supply thermistor 13 a that is a temperature detecting means, and temperature information in the water supply pipe 13 is output to the hot water supply control device 25.

  On the other hand, a lead-out port 21b is provided at the uppermost part of the hot water storage tank 21, and the lead-out port 21b is for leading out the hot water for hot water stored in the upper portion of the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 21. A high temperature take-out pipe 26 (upper lead-out pipe) is connected.

  A discharge pipe provided with a relief valve (not shown) is connected in the middle of the path of the high temperature take-out pipe 26. When the pressure in the hot water storage tank 21 rises above a predetermined pressure, The hot water supply water is discharged to the outside so as not to damage the hot water storage tank 21 and the like.

  Further, the configuration denoted by reference numeral 27 shown in the figure is an intermediate temperature extraction pipe (intermediate portion) for extracting medium temperature hot water having a hot water temperature lower than that of high temperature hot water among hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 21. A lead-out pipe) and is connected to a substantially central portion of the hot water storage tank 21 in the vertical direction.

  Further, a configuration denoted by reference numeral 29 shown in the drawing is a high / intermediate temperature mixing valve provided at a downstream side joining portion of the high temperature take-out pipe 26 and the intermediate temperature take-out pipe 27, and circulates in the downstream hot water supply pipe 28. This is a temperature control valve that adjusts the hot water temperature of the hot water supply. The high / medium temperature mixing valve 29 adjusts the opening area ratio between the high temperature take-out pipe 26 side and the medium temperature take-out pipe 27 side so that the hot water for hot water taken out from the high temperature take-out pipe 26 and the medium temperature taken out from the intermediate temperature take-out pipe 27 The mixing ratio with hot water is adjusted.

  In this example, the high / medium temperature mixing valve 29 circulates the hot water supply water having a hot water temperature of about 5 ° C. higher than the set temperature operated by an operation panel (not shown) through the hot water supply pipe 28. The high / medium temperature mixing valve 29 is electrically connected to the hot water supply control device 25 and is feedback-controlled based on temperature information detected by a thermistor (not shown) provided in the hot water supply pipe 28.

  The hot water supply pipe 28 is a hot water supply pipe whose downstream end communicates with a hot water faucet (not shown) such as a kitchen or a bathroom. A hot water mixing valve 30, a hot water supply thermistor 28 a, and a flow rate counter 28 b are provided on the way to the use side terminal. Is provided.

  The hot water supply thermistor 28 a outputs temperature information in the hot water supply pipe 28, and the flow rate counter 28 b outputs flow information in the hot water supply pipe 28 to the hot water supply control device 25. The hot water mixing valve 30 is a temperature control valve that adjusts the temperature of hot water to be discharged from a hot water tap (not shown), and the temperature of the hot water mixing valve 29 is adjusted by adjusting the ratio of the respective opening areas. It is controlled to adjust the mixing ratio of the supplied hot water and tap water to the set temperature operated on the operation panel.

  The hot-water supply mixing valve 30 is electrically connected to the hot-water supply control device 25, and is feedback-controlled based on the hot-water temperature of the hot-water supply water detected by the hot-water supply thermistor 28b.

  A suction port 21 c for sucking tap water in the hot water storage tank 21 is provided in the vicinity of the introduction port 21 a on the bottom surface of the hot water storage tank 21, and hot water is discharged into the hot water storage tank 21 above the hot water storage tank 21. A discharge port 21d is provided. The suction port 21c and the discharge port 21d are connected by a circulating water circuit 23, and a part of the circulating water circuit 23 is disposed in a heat pump unit 22 that is a boiling heat source device.

  Further, a heat exchanger (not shown) is provided in a portion of the circulating water circuit 23 arranged in the heat pump unit 22, and the hot water in the hot water storage tank 21 sucked from the suction port 21c is exchanged with the high-temperature refrigerant. The water for hot water supply in the hot water storage tank 21 can be boiled by heating and returning it from the discharge port 21d into the hot water storage tank 21.

  In addition, the heat pump unit 22 of the present embodiment is a supercritical heat pump using, for example, carbon dioxide as a refrigerant, which includes refrigerant functional parts constituting a heat pump cycle such as a compressor, a radiator, a decompressor, and an evaporator (not shown). This supercritical heat pump refers to a heat pump cycle in which the refrigerant pressure on the high pressure side is equal to or higher than the critical pressure of the refrigerant, and may be ethylene, ethane, nitrogen oxide or the like as a refrigerant in addition to carbon dioxide. According to the supercritical heat pump using carbon dioxide as a refrigerant, hot water can be boiled at a relatively high temperature (for example, about 85 ° C. to 90 ° C.).

  The heat pump unit 22 is operated by a control signal from the hot water supply control device 25 and outputs an operating state to the hot water supply control device 25. Further, a hot water temperature sensor 21e for detecting the hot water temperature in the upper part of the hot water storage tank 21 is provided on the upper outer wall surface of the hot water storage tank 21, and temperature information of the hot water temperature derived from the outlet 21b is described later. The data is output to the control device 25.

  On the outer wall surface of the hot water storage tank 21, a plurality of water level thermistors 24 are arranged at substantially equal intervals in the vertical direction, and temperature information at each water level filled in the hot water storage tank 21 is output to the hot water supply control device 25. It is like that. As a result, based on the temperature information from the water level thermistor 24, it is possible to detect the temperature boundary position between the hot water supply water that has been boiled above the hot water storage tank 21 and the water that has not yet been boiled down inside the hot water storage tank 21. ing.

  The hot water supply control device 25 is mainly composed of a microcomputer, and a built-in ROM (not shown) is provided with a preset hot water supply control program. The hot water supply thermistor 13a, the hot water supply thermistor 28a, the hot water temperature sensor 21e. Based on temperature information from various thermistors (not shown) and operation signals from an operation panel (not shown), the actuators in the heat pump unit 22, the high / medium temperature mixing valve 29, the hot water mixing valve 30 and the like are controlled. ing.

  The hot water supply control device 25 is connected to the heat collection control device 15 described above by either wireless communication or wired communication, and is configured to receive heat collection information on the solar heating device 10 side.

  By the way, in the hot water supply control device 25 of the present embodiment, in addition to the hot water supply control program, a temperature-controlled hot water supply control program (boiling hot water storage control program) 25a for performing a boiling operation of hot water in the hot water storage tank 21 is provided. The heating operation is performed in a predetermined time period determined based on the power cost, specifically, in the late-night time period (for example, 11:00 pm to 7:00 of the next morning) when the power rate is relatively low.

  In this boiling operation, when the midnight time zone is reached, the heat pump unit 22 is operated based on the temperature information from each water level thermistor 24 and temperature sensor to heat the low temperature water in the lower part of the hot water storage tank 21 to a high temperature ( For example, it is stored as hot water for 85 ° C. hot water. Accordingly, at the end of the midnight time zone (for example, 7:00 am), the hot water storage amount corresponding to the necessary amount of heat for hot water supply used in a day is stored in the hot water storage tank 21. However, when it is used outside the midnight hours exceeding the preset amount of stored hot water, it is set so that the boiling operation is performed when the amount of stored hot water becomes less than the predetermined minimum amount of stored hot water.

  Next, the operation will be described based on the control processing of the temperature-controlled hot water supply control program 25a shown in FIG. 2 which is a main part of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, first, the hot water supply control device 25, which is a control means, determines whether or not a predetermined time has come (step 210). For example, when it is determined that the current time has reached 11:00 pm, the control process of the temperature-controlled hot water supply control program 25a is started.

  Then, the heat collection heat amount SQ is read from the temperature and water level information from each water level thermistor 24 and the heat collection information from the heat collection control device 15 (step 220). Here, the heat collection heat amount SQ indicates the amount of heat obtained by heating the hot water supply water in the hot water storage tank 21 with the heat collection medium collected by the solar heat collector 11, and the heat collection control device that controls the solar heat heating device 10. The heat collection heat quantity SQ obtained by the heat collection heat quantity calculation means provided in 15 is read.

  For example, when the temperature difference between the water temperature of the heat collection medium heated by solar heat and the hot water temperature in the vicinity of the heat exchanger 12 in the hot water storage tank 21 is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature, the circulation pump 14a is activated and the solar heat collector 11 is operated. The heat collection medium heated in step 1 is circulated to the heat exchanger 12. Thereby, the hot water supply water in the hot water storage tank 21 is heated. And if the temperature difference reaches below predetermined temperature, the circulation pump 14a will stop and the heating with a heat collecting medium will be stopped.

  At this time, the heat collection control device 15 collects the heating amount per unit time output from the heat exchanger 12 based on the temperature and flow rate information detected by the fluid temperature sensors 12a and 12b and the flow rate counter 12c. It is obtained and accumulated by the calorific value calculating means, and is learned and stored as the collected heat amount SQ per day.

  Then, the heat collection heat amount SQ per day is stored for the most recent predetermined period (for example, 10 days, or 1 week to 2 weeks), and when the heat collection heat amount SQ is read in step 220 The maximum value is obtained and read based on data for a predetermined period in the past. By obtaining the maximum value of the amount of heat collected during the most recent predetermined period, the amount of heat collected SQ during sunny weather with seasonal variations can be obtained relatively easily.

  When step 220 is executed, the weather prediction information is acquired by the weather prediction information acquisition means (not shown) via the Internet or FM multiplex communication, and the acquired weather prediction information for the next daytime daytime (daytime using hot water supply water) is read. (Step 230). Here, the weather prediction information is acquired from the outside through the communication means, but for example, an atmospheric pressure sensor is provided, and the weather prediction information is generated by itself according to a change in the pressure value obtained from the atmospheric pressure sensor. It may be.

  Then, a correction coefficient K for correcting the heat collection heat quantity SQ is calculated from the read weather prediction information (step 240). For example, the correction coefficient K = 1 is determined when the weather prediction information is clear, the correction coefficient K = 0.5 is determined when it is cloudy, and the correction coefficient K = 0 is determined when it is raining.

  Therefore, by multiplying the correction coefficient K calculated in step 240 by the heat collection heat amount SQ at the time of fine weather obtained in step 220, it is estimated that the heat collection estimated heat amount K · SQ can be collected in the daytime using the hot water supply water. Can be calculated.

  Thus, since the correction coefficient K corrects the heat collection heat amount SQ in a fine weather, in step 220, when the heat collection heat amount SQ is read, the heat collection heat amount per day over the most recent past predetermined period. May be divided by the correction coefficient K based on the weather performance of the day (except during rainy weather), and the average value thereof may be calculated as the heat collection heat quantity SQ during sunny weather. . According to this, although the calculation process is more complicated than when using the maximum heat collection heat amount per day for the most recent past predetermined period, the heat collection heat amount SQ in fine weather with seasonal variations can be obtained with high accuracy. Can do.

  When step 240 is executed, the solar heat collection capacity (heat collection hot water storage capacity) SL of the day, which is the capacity of hot water supplied by the heat collection medium of the solar heating device 10, is calculated (step 250). In step 250, in consideration of the heat collection temperature, specifically, the heat collection capacity SL is calculated from the following formula 1.

(Formula 1)
SL = K · SQ ÷ (STp-THWA)
Here, STp is a solar heat collection completion temperature, and a value at which STp becomes a lower limit value for use of hot water supply (for example, 30 ° C.) is adopted. That is, here, STp is the lower limit value of hot water supply usable temperature (30 ° C. in the above example). The heat collection completion temperature STp is not limited to the hot water supply possible temperature lower limit value, and may be a predetermined temperature determined from the hot water supply possible temperature lower limit value (for example, a predetermined temperature slightly higher than the lower limit value). In other words, STp used here is a predetermined temperature based on the hot water supply use lower limit temperature. Moreover, THWA is an average water supply temperature and uses the average value of the water supply temperature detected by the water supply thermistor 13a in the past predetermined period.

  The solar heat collecting capacity (heat collecting hot water storage capacity) SL by the solar heating device 10 calculated by the above mathematical formula 1 is a predetermined value based on the heat collecting completion temperature of hot water heated by the heat collecting estimated heat quantity K · SQ based on the hot water use lower limit temperature. It can be said that this is the capacity of hot water for water supply.

  The heat collection completion temperature STp changes with a change in the heat collection capacity, and the heat collection completion temperature STp is accurately calculated based on the heat collection estimated heat quantity K · SQ and the average water supply temperature THWA. This is synonymous with the accurate determination of the heat collection capacity SL at which the calculated heat collection completion temperature STp becomes the lower limit value of the hot water supply usable temperature (for example, 30 ° C.).

  When the solar heat collecting capacity SL is calculated in step 250, the heat pump boiling capacity (boiling hot water storage capacity) HPL is calculated from the following formula 2 (step 260).

(Formula 2)
HPL = Hot water storage tank capacity-SL
That is, the difference between the total capacity of the hot water storage tank 21 and the heat collection capacity SL is the boiling capacity HPL. Here, the HPL includes the capacity of the remaining hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 21 when step 220 is executed.

  When the boiling capacity HPL is calculated in step 260, the required amount of heat Q2 for hot water supply per day is obtained (step 270). The required amount of heat for hot water supply Q2 is to obtain the required amount of heat of hot water for use in the hot water supply to be used the next day. In this embodiment, the amount of heat of the hot water supplied from the hot water supply pipe 28 is adjusted. Based on the temperature and flow rate information detected by the hot water supply thermistor 13a, the hot water supply thermistor 28a, the flow rate counter 28b, etc., the hot water supply heat amount per unit time is obtained and accumulated, and the hot water supply control device 25 as the necessary heat amount Q2 for hot water supply per day is accumulated. Learn and remember at.

  Then, the necessary amount of heat Q2 for hot water supply per day is stored for at least the most recent predetermined period (for example, for 10 days, or for one week to two weeks), and in step 270, the necessary amount of heat Q2 for hot water supply is stored. When obtaining, the average value is obtained based on the data for the most recent predetermined period.

  Next, a residual heat quantity Q1 is obtained (step 280). This residual heat quantity Q1 is the stored hot water quantity of unused hot water at a predetermined time in step 210. For example, the heat quantity of hot water at a predetermined temperature (eg, about 60 ° C.) or higher is obtained. Obtained based on the temperature and water level information from each water level thermistor 24 acquired in step (1).

  After executing up to step 280, next, the required amount of heating heat Q is calculated (step 290). Specifically, the required amount of heating heat Q is calculated from Equation 3 below.

(Formula 3)
Q = Q2-Q1-K ・ SQ
That is, the necessary boiling heat quantity Q for securing the necessary heat quantity Q2 for hot water supply is calculated by taking into account the remaining hot water quantity Q1 and the estimated heat collection quantity K · SQ heated by the heat collection medium.

  When the necessary amount of heat Q for heating is calculated in step 290, the boiling temperature Tp by the heat pump unit 22 is calculated (step 300). Specifically, the boiling temperature Tp is calculated by the following mathematical formula 4.

(Formula 4)
Tp = Q ÷ HPL + THWA
That is, the heat pump boiling temperature Tp is a boiling temperature for obtaining hot water having a boiling capacity HPL by giving the required boiling heat amount Q to the water below the hot water storage tank 21 (water having an average water supply temperature THWA). I can say that.

  As is clear from Equations 3 and 4, the boiling temperature Tp by the heat pump unit 22 when the boiling hot water storage capacity HPL is stored from the upper part of the hot water storage tank 21 is expressed as the necessary amount of heat Q2 for hot water supply, the estimated heat collection amount K · It is calculated based on SQ, the amount of remaining hot water Q1 in the hot water storage tank 21 when boiling hot water storage is started, and the average water supply temperature THWA of water supplied to the hot water storage tank 21 in the immediately preceding predetermined period.

  Therefore, the boiling temperature Tp by the heat pump unit 22 is determined so that the amount of heat obtained by subtracting the estimated heat collection amount K · SQ from the necessary amount Q2 of hot water supply for the hot water supply per day can be accurately stored before collecting heat by the solar heating device 10. can do.

  When step 300 is completed, the heat pump unit 22 is driven to raise the boiling temperature so that the boiling is completed during the midnight time period (preferably, the boiling is completed immediately before the end time of the midnight time period). A boiling operation is performed so that hot water is stored from the upper part of the hot water storage tank 21 to the hot water storage capacity HPL at Tp (step 310). Here, since the required amount of heating heat Q can be made relatively small, energy saving can be achieved in the heating heat storage operation of the heat pump unit 22.

  Then, after the midnight time period ends, it becomes daytime, and the temperature of the heat collection medium received by the solar heat collector 11 and heated by solar heat is the hot water near the heat exchanger 12 in the hot water storage tank 21. When it becomes higher than the temperature by a predetermined temperature or more, the circulation pump 14 a is activated and the heat collection medium heated by the solar heat collector 11 is circulated to the heat exchanger 12. Thereby, the hot water supply water of the heat collection capacity SL below the hot water supply water boiled by the heat pump unit 22 in the hot water storage tank 21 is heated, and the temperature is raised to the lower limit temperature at which hot water supply can be used.

  In this embodiment, the control operation of the flow shown in FIG. 2 is performed by the hot water supply control device 25 that is a control means, but a part of the control step may be performed by the heat collection control device 15 side. . That is, the control means may be the heat collection control device 15 and the hot water supply control device 25.

  Further, the heat collection heat amount SQ is obtained on the heat collection control device 15 side, and the hot water supply control device 25 is configured to read the heat collection heat amount SQ, but this is not limiting, and the heat collection heat amount obtained on the heat collection control device 15 side. The detection values of the fluid temperature sensors 12a and 12b and the flow rate counter 12c, which are measuring means, are directly read by the hot water supply control device 25, and the heating amount per unit time is obtained and accumulated based on the read temperature and flow rate information. Alternatively, the heat collected heat amount SQ per day may be learned and stored. Then, the heat collection heat amount SQ per day may be stored for a predetermined period on the hot water supply control device 25 side, and the maximum value may be obtained from the data for the predetermined period.

  According to the above-described configuration and operation, the hot water supply control device 25 serving as the control means has a capacity of the hot water supply water at which the heat collection completion temperature STp of the hot water heated by the heat collection estimated heat quantity K · SQ becomes the hot water use lower limit temperature. Is calculated as the solar heat collecting capacity SL, the difference between the capacity of the hot water storage tank 21 and the solar heat collecting capacity SL is calculated as the boiling capacity HPL, and the heat pump so as to store the boiling capacity HPL from the upper part of the hot water storage tank 21 The unit 22 is operated.

  Therefore, when the solar heat collection capacity SL, which is the remaining capacity of the hot water storage tank when the heat pump unit 22 is heated to the boiling capacity HPL, is heated by the estimated heat collection amount K · SQ, the temperature of the hot water supply water of the solar heat collection hot water storage capacity SL Can be a lower limit temperature that can be used for hot water supply.

  Therefore, the solar heat collection capacity SL becomes so large that the temperature of the hot water supply water after the heat collection is too low to be used for hot water supply, or the hot water supply water reaches the solar heat collection upper limit temperature during the heat collection. There is no such a small capacity. Thereby, solar heat collection can fully be utilized effectively.

  The operation state in the model case is shown using FIG. 3 and FIG. Various conditions here are as follows: hot water storage tank capacity 460L, solar heat collection estimated heat amount 6000 kcal, required heat amount 1400 kcal for hot water supply, remaining hot water amount 0, water supply temperature 9 ° C., medium hot water hot water temperature lower limit 30 ° C., heat pump boiling temperature range 65 ˜90 ° C.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the heat collection completion temperature STp varies according to the heat collection hot water storage capacity SL, and the heat collection hot water storage capacity SL at which the heat collection completion temperature STp reaches the middle temperature hot water discharge temperature lower limit 30 ° C. is 290L. Therefore, the boiling hot water storage capacity HPL is 170 L, and the boiling temperature at which 170 L of 9 ° C. water is boiled by the heat pump unit and the heat pump boiling heat amount 8000 kcal is supplied to the hot water supply water is 56 ° C. However, since the lower limit of the boiling temperature of the heat pump unit 22 is 65 ° C., it is heated to an excess of 1500 kcal.

  In this model case, as shown in FIG. 3, the heat pump unit 22 is operated at midnight, and a heat amount of 9500 kcal is given to the hot water to boil it, and 170 L of hot water at 65 ° C. is stored from the upper part of the hot water storage tank 21. . In the daytime, the solar heating device 10 collects 6000 kcal to heat the hot water supply water, and the hot water supply water is collected and stored in the lower part of the heated hot water in the hot water storage tank 21. The hot water supply water is heated by the heat exchanger 21 and convects in the lower part of the boiling hot water storage water, and 290 L of hot water supply water is heated up to 30 ° C.

  Thereby, the hot water supply heat amount of 15500 kcal is stored in the hot water storage tank 21. Heat pump boiling heat amount at midnight is slightly surplus, but heat pump boiling surplus heat amount can be minimized while reaching the usable temperature of hot water after solar heat collection. It is not necessary to perform additional boiling operation of the unit 22 in the daytime.

  On the other hand, as in the comparative example shown in FIG. 5, when 8000 kcal was boiled at midnight and 90 L of hot water at 90 ° C. was stored in the upper part of the hot water storage tank, the heat collecting hot water storage capacity was 360 L, which was 6000 kcal. Even if the heat is collected, the temperature of the hot water supply only rises to 26 ° C. Since the heat collecting hot water cannot be used for hot water supply as it is, it is necessary to boil the 26 ° C. hot water up to 90 ° C. by 74 L. That is, 4700 kcal of boiling heat is added by the operation of the heat pump unit in the daytime.

  Thus, when the solar heat collection capacity is too large, the amount of heat for hot water supply falls, and the heat pump unit needs to be additionally operated in the daytime with poor operating efficiency (COP). The amount of heat will increase, and electricity usage will increase significantly due to daytime electricity usage.

  On the other hand, when the heat collecting hot water storage capacity is as small as 150 L as in the comparative example shown in FIG. 6, the heat collecting hot water temperature reaches 40 ° C., the upper limit of the heat collecting temperature when collecting 4650 kcal, Even if 6000 kcal heat can be collected if there is room in the hot water storage capacity, it can collect heat only up to 4650 kcal due to its small capacity.

  In this way, if the solar heat collection capacity is too small, the potential of solar heat collection cannot be utilized, the amount of heat that can be collected is lost, and an additional boiling operation of the heat pump unit is required to compensate for this. This will increase the price.

  In contrast to these comparative examples, according to the present embodiment, not only the amount of heated hot water stored by the heat pump unit but also the heated hot water storage capacity is controlled, so that solar heat collection can be used sufficiently effectively. It is.

  Moreover, since the estimated heat collection amount is calculated based on the actual heat collection amount collected in the hot water supply water by the solar heating device 10 in the most recent predetermined period and the weather forecast information of the day collected in the hot water supply water, It is possible to accurately calculate the estimated heat collection amount while correcting the actual heat amount by the weather prediction information and taking into account seasonal variations.

  Further, since the heat collection completion temperature is calculated based on the estimated heat collection heat amount and the average water supply temperature of the water supplied to the hot water storage tank 21 during the most recent predetermined period, it is necessary for calculating the boiling hot water storage capacity HPL. The heat collection completion temperature can be calculated accurately while taking into account seasonal variations.

  Further, the boiling temperature by the heat pump unit 22 when the boiling hot water storage capacity HPL is stored from the upper part of the hot water storage tank 21 is determined as the amount of heat required for hot water supply for one day, the estimated heat collection amount for the day when hot water is used, Since the calculation is based on the amount of remaining hot water in the hot water storage tank 21 at the start of hot water storage and the average water supply temperature of the water supplied to the hot water storage tank 21 in the immediately preceding predetermined period, the solar heating device 10 collects heat. Before performing, the boiling temperature by the heat pump unit 22 can be determined so that the heat quantity obtained by subtracting the heat collection estimated heat quantity from the necessary heat quantity for hot water supply of the day can be stored with high accuracy.

  In addition, the heat pump unit 22 is a boiling heat source device, and the heat pump has a relatively small output per hour, and the hot water storage tank 21 has to have a relatively large capacity in order to prevent hot water from running out. Therefore, in a hot water supply apparatus having a large-capacity hot water storage tank as in this embodiment, if boiling and heat collection are performed without considering the hot water storage capacity, solar heat collection may not be used effectively enough. Therefore, the effect of applying the present invention is extremely large.

  Moreover, the installation space can be reduced because it is not necessary to provide a separate tank for storing the heat collection medium heated by the solar heat collector 11.

  In addition, the solar heating device 10 includes heat collecting heat quantity measuring means for measuring the heat collecting heat quantity SQ output from the heat exchanger 12 to the hot water supply water by the fluid temperature sensors 12a and 12b and the flow rate counter 12c. The amount of heat collected can be easily calculated from the temperature, flow rate information, etc. of the heat collection medium circulating in the vessel 12.

  In the present embodiment, the average water supply temperature for the most recent predetermined period has been adopted in order to take into account seasonal fluctuations in the water supply temperature. However, the present invention is not limited to this as long as the information is related to the water supply temperature. You may use temperature etc.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.

  The second embodiment differs from the first embodiment described above in that the correspondence relationship between the heat collection estimated heat amount, the heat collection hot water storage capacity, and the boiling hot water storage capacity is set in advance in the control means. . In addition, about the part similar to 1st Embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the description is abbreviate | omitted.

  Although detailed description has been omitted in the first embodiment described above, as shown in FIG. 7, in this embodiment, for example, a plurality of (six in this example) water levels are provided in the hot water storage tank 21 having an overall capacity of 460 L, for example. A thermistor 24 is provided, and each detects temperature information at the illustrated position and outputs it to the hot water supply control device 25 (not shown in FIG. 7).

  In the hot water supply control device, as shown in FIG. 8, a combination of the heat collection estimated heat quantity K · SQ and the water supply temperature (for example, the average water supply temperature THWA), the heat collection hot water storage capacity SL, and the boiling hot water storage capacity HPL ( Specifically, a correspondence relationship with a combination with a water level thermistor for determining whether to stop boiling is stored and set in advance.

  In order to determine the amount of boiling by the heat pump unit 22 and stop the boiling operation, it is easiest to determine and stop the detected temperature rise of the water level thermistor (tank can body thermistor) 24.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 8, the combination of the heat collection capacity and the boiling capacity is determined from the position where the water level thermistor 24 is disposed, and is previously associated with the combination of the feed water temperature and the estimated heat collection heat quantity. For example, when the average water supply temperature THWA is 11 ° C. and the heat collection estimated heat quantity K · SQ is 5500 kcal, the heat collection capacity SL is 200 L, and the water level thermistor 24 that determines the boiling operation stop is set to the boiling capacity 260 L. The corresponding water level thermistor 24 from the top shown in FIG.

  In this embodiment, when determining the boiling hot water storage capacity, instead of calculating each time as in the first embodiment, the heat collection estimated heat quantity as shown in FIG. From the correspondence relationship between the average water supply temperature of the water supplied to the hot water storage tank 21 in the period, the heat collection hot water storage capacity SL, and the boiling hot water storage capacity HPL, the boiling hot water storage capacity HPL ( Specifically, a water level thermistor corresponding to the boiling hot water storage capacity is specified.

  Therefore, the boiling hot water storage capacity HPL can be accurately identified based on the average water supply temperature in addition to the estimated heat collection heat amount, and the control becomes very simple.

  In the present embodiment, the average water supply temperature for the most recent predetermined period has been adopted in order to take into account seasonal fluctuations in the water supply temperature, but it is not limited to this as long as it is related information on the water supply temperature. You may use outside temperature etc. In addition, when the seasonal fluctuation of the water supply temperature is slight, a correspondence relationship between the heat collection estimated heat amount and the heat collection hot water storage capacity SL and the boiling hot water storage capacity HPL is set in advance, and only the heat collection heat estimation Based on this, the boiling hot water storage capacity HPL (specifically, a water level thermistor corresponding to the boiling hot water storage capacity) may be specified.

(Other embodiments)
In each of the above embodiments, the heat pump unit 22 that is a boiling heat source device is a device having a supercritical heat pump cycle in which the refrigerant pressure on the high pressure side exceeds the critical pressure, but is not limited to this, and the high pressure side You may provide the heat pump cycle whose refrigerant pressure is below critical pressure. The boiling heat source device is not limited to a heat pump device, and may be a heat source device that boils hot water supply water with an electric heater or the like, for example.

It is a schematic diagram which shows the whole structure of the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus in 1st Embodiment to which this invention is applied. It is a flowchart which shows the boiling operation control operation of the hot water supply control apparatus 25 in 1st Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the operation example of the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus in 1st Embodiment. It is a graph explaining the operating condition of the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus in 1st Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the comparative operation example of a hot water storage type hot-water supply apparatus. It is a schematic diagram which shows the comparative operation example of a hot water storage type hot-water supply apparatus. It is a schematic diagram which shows the hot water storage tank 21 of the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus in 2nd Embodiment. It is a table | surface which shows the data preset by the hot water supply control apparatus in 2nd Embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

10 Solar heating device (solar heat source device)
11 Solar collector (solar collector)
12 heat exchanger 15 heat collection control device 20 heat pump hot water supply device 21 hot water storage tank 22 heat pump unit (heat pump device, boiling heat source device)
24 Water level thermistor 25 Hot water supply control device (control means)

Claims (8)

A hot water storage tank (21) for storing hot water supply water inside,
A boiling heat source device (22) for boiling hot water in the lower part of the hot water storage tank (21) and storing the hot water in the hot water storage tank (21) from above;
A solar heat source device (10) for heating hot water supply water in the hot water storage tank (21) by a heat collecting medium heated by receiving sunlight with a solar heat collector (11);
Control means for controlling the operation of the boiling heat source device (22) according to the difference between the required amount of heat for hot water supply of the day and the estimated amount of heat collected on the day when the hot water supply water is heated by the solar heat source device (10) ( 25)
In the hot water storage tank (21), the hot water supply water heated by the amount of collected heat obtained by the solar heat source device (10) is converted into the lower part of the hot water supply water previously boiled by the boiling heat source device (22). In the hot water storage type hot water supply device that stores hot water in
The control means (25)
The capacity of the hot water supply water at which the heat collection completion temperature of the hot water heated by the estimated heat collection amount becomes a predetermined temperature based on the lower limit temperature at which hot water can be used is defined as a heat collection hot water storage capacity (SL) by the solar heat source device (10). The capacity of the difference between the capacity of the hot water storage tank (21) and the heat collection hot water storage capacity (SL) is defined as the boiling hot water storage capacity (HPL).
The hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus characterized by operating the said boiling heat source apparatus (22) so that the said boiling hot water storage capacity | capacitance (HPL) may be stored from the upper part in the said hot water storage tank (21).   The control means (25) calculates the heat collection hot water storage capacity (SL) at which the heat collection completion temperature becomes the predetermined temperature, and subtracts the heat collection hot water storage capacity (SL) from the capacity of the hot water storage tank (21). The hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the capacity is calculated as the boiling hot water storage capacity (HPL).   The control means (25) calculates the heat collection completion temperature based on the estimated heat collection heat amount and an average water supply temperature of water supplied to the hot water storage tank (21) in a predetermined period immediately before. The hot water storage type hot water supply device according to claim 2.   The control means (25) determines the boiling temperature by the boiling heat source device (22) when the boiling hot water storage capacity (HPL) is stored from the upper part of the hot water storage tank (21), and the required amount of heat for hot water supply. Based on the estimated heat collection amount, the amount of remaining hot water in the hot water storage tank (21) when starting boiling hot water storage, and the average water supply temperature of water supplied to the hot water storage tank (21) in the immediately preceding predetermined period The hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus is calculated.   The control means (25) is based on the estimated heat collection heat amount based on the correspondence relationship between the heat collection estimated heat amount set in advance and the heat collection hot water storage capacity (SL) and the boiling hot water storage capacity (HPL). The hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a boiling hot water storage capacity (HPL) is specified.   The control means (25) is configured to set the estimated heat collection heat amount set in advance, an average water supply temperature of water supplied to the hot water storage tank (21) in the immediately preceding predetermined period, the heat collection hot water storage capacity (SL), and the boiling The hot water storage type according to claim 5, wherein the boiling hot water storage capacity (HPL) is specified based on the estimated heat collection amount and the average feed water temperature from a correspondence relationship with a raised hot water storage capacity (HPL). Hot water supply device.   In the control means (25), the estimated heat collection heat amount is obtained by the heat collection actual heat amount obtained by previously heating the hot water supply water by the solar heat source device (10) and the hot water supply water by the solar heat source device (10). The hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus is calculated on the basis of weather prediction information on the day.   The hot water storage type hot water supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the boiling heat source device (22) is a heat pump device (22).

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