JP2010097363A - Greenhouse gas exhaust status monitoring system - Google Patents

Greenhouse gas exhaust status monitoring system Download PDF

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JP2010097363A
JP2010097363A JP2008266834A JP2008266834A JP2010097363A JP 2010097363 A JP2010097363 A JP 2010097363A JP 2008266834 A JP2008266834 A JP 2008266834A JP 2008266834 A JP2008266834 A JP 2008266834A JP 2010097363 A JP2010097363 A JP 2010097363A
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greenhouse gas
greenhouse
emission
monitoring system
exhaust
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Toru Hirata
徹 平田
Tetsuo Sumita
哲夫 住田
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Sumitomo Heavy Industries Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02P90/84—Greenhouse gas [GHG] management systems

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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a greenhouse gas exhaust status monitoring system for a construction machine for accurately monitoring greenhouse gas which is exhausted in atmosphere by the construction machine. <P>SOLUTION: This greenhouse gas exhaust status monitoring system 100 for monitoring the exhaust status of greenhouse gas which is exhausted in atmosphere by a construction machine is provided with: an operation status determination means 11 for determining the operation status of the construction machine; a greenhouse gas concentration measurement means 21 mounted on the exhaust gas outlet of the construction machine for measuring the concentration of greenhouse gas; and an exhaust status recording means 12 for recording the operation status determined by the operating status determination means 11 and the greenhouse gas concentration measured by the greenhouse gas concentration measurement means 21 in association. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、建設機械が大気中に排出する温室効果ガスの排出状態を監視する温室効果ガス排出状態監視システムに関する。   The present invention relates to a greenhouse gas emission state monitoring system that monitors the emission state of greenhouse gases emitted from construction machines into the atmosphere.

従来、荷物を運搬する車両の走行距離をその車両の燃費で除し所定の係数を乗ずることで算出した温室効果ガスの排出量とその荷物の重量及び輸送距離とに基づいて荷主毎に按分した温室効果ガスの排出量を提示する排出量按分装置が知られている（例えば、特許文献１参照。）。   Conventionally, each vehicle has been apportioned based on the amount of greenhouse gas emissions calculated by dividing the mileage of the vehicle carrying the load by the fuel efficiency of the vehicle and multiplying by a predetermined factor, the weight of the load, and the transport distance. An emission apportioning device that presents greenhouse gas emissions is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

また、自動車の排気系における消音器と排気管との間に取付けられ、排気ガス中の二酸化炭素を吸収するための二酸化炭素吸収剤を収容するＣＯ２吸収部を備えた車両用二酸化炭素回収装置が知られている（例えば、特許文献２参照。）。
特開２００２−１９７１５５号公報 特開２００７−１７７６８４号公報 In addition, the vehicle carbon dioxide recovery device is provided between a silencer and an exhaust pipe in an automobile exhaust system, and includes a CO 2 absorber that stores a carbon dioxide absorbent for absorbing carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas. (For example, refer to Patent Document 2).
JP 2002-197155 A JP 2007-177684 A

しかしながら、特許文献１の排出量按分装置は、温室効果ガスの大気中への排出量が燃料使用量に比例することを前提としてその排出量を間接的に算出しているので、排気ガスの流量やＣＯ２吸収部の温度に応じてその吸収量が変化し温室効果ガスの大気中への排出量が燃料使用量に比例しない、特許文献２の車両用二酸化炭素回収装置のような装置が搭載された車両には適用することができない。 However, since the emission apportioning device of Patent Document 1 indirectly calculates the emission amount on the assumption that the emission amount of the greenhouse gas into the atmosphere is proportional to the amount of fuel used, the flow rate of the exhaust gas Equipped with a device such as the carbon dioxide recovery device for vehicles of Patent Document 2, in which the amount of absorption changes according to the temperature of the CO 2 absorption section and the amount of greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere is not proportional to the amount of fuel used It cannot be applied to a used vehicle.

また、特許文献２の車両用二酸化炭素回収装置は、ＣＯ２吸収部を通過する排気ガスの流量やＣＯ２吸収部の温度を一定の状態に維持することでＣＯ２の吸収能を最適化しようとするが、その回収装置を経た後に車両が実際に大気中に排出するＣＯ２の量を把握できないのであれば、その最適化が適切に為されていることを確認することができず、特に、建設機械のようにその排気状態が急激且つ頻繁に変化するものにおいてその確認が欠落することは、そのような回収装置を採用する上で大きな欠点となってしまう。 The vehicle for the carbon dioxide recovery apparatus of Patent Document 2, attempts to optimize the absorption capacity of CO 2 by maintaining the temperature of the flow rate and the CO 2 absorbing section of the exhaust gas passing through the CO 2 absorbing section in a constant state However, if the amount of CO 2 that the vehicle actually exhausts into the atmosphere after passing through the recovery device cannot be grasped, it cannot be confirmed that the optimization has been made properly, especially The lack of confirmation in a construction machine such as a construction machine whose exhaust state changes abruptly and frequently is a major drawback in adopting such a recovery device.

上述の点に鑑み、本発明は、建設機械が大気中に排出する温室効果ガスをより正確に監視する建設機械用温室効果ガス排出状態監視システムを提供することを目的とする。   In view of the above-mentioned points, an object of the present invention is to provide a greenhouse gas emission state monitoring system for construction machines that more accurately monitors greenhouse gases emitted from construction machines into the atmosphere.

上述の目的を達成するために、第一の発明に係る温室効果ガス排出状態監視システムは、建設機械が大気中に排出する温室効果ガスの排出状態を監視する温室効果ガス排出状態監視システムであって、前記建設機械の動作状態を判定する動作状態判定手段と、前記建設機械における排気ガス排出口に取り付けられた温室効果ガスの濃度を測定する温室効果ガス濃度測定手段と、前記動作状態判定手段が判定した動作状態と前記温室効果ガス濃度測定手段が測定した温室効果ガス濃度とを関連付けて記録する排出状態記録手段とを備えることを特徴とする。   In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the greenhouse gas emission state monitoring system according to the first invention is a greenhouse gas emission state monitoring system for monitoring the emission state of greenhouse gases emitted from construction machines into the atmosphere. Operating state determining means for determining the operating state of the construction machine, greenhouse gas concentration measuring means for measuring the concentration of greenhouse gas attached to an exhaust gas outlet in the construction machine, and the operating state determining means And an emission state recording means for recording the operation state determined by the above and the greenhouse gas concentration measured by the greenhouse gas concentration measuring means in association with each other.

また、第二の発明は、第一の発明に係る温室効果ガス排出状態監視システムであって、前記建設機械は、排気システム内に温室効果ガス吸収システムを備えることを特徴とする。   Moreover, 2nd invention is the greenhouse gas emission state monitoring system which concerns on 1st invention, Comprising: The said construction machine is equipped with a greenhouse gas absorption system in an exhaust system, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

また、第三の発明は、第二の発明に係る温室効果ガス排出状態監視システムであって、前記動作状態判定手段が判定した建設機械の動作状態に応じて、或いは、前記温室効果ガス濃度測定手段が測定した温室効果ガス濃度に応じて前記温室効果ガス吸収システムの吸収能を調整する温室効果ガス吸収能制御手段を備えることを特徴とする。   Further, the third invention is a greenhouse gas emission state monitoring system according to the second invention, wherein the greenhouse gas concentration measurement is performed according to the operation state of the construction machine determined by the operation state determination means. A greenhouse gas absorption capacity control means for adjusting the absorption capacity of the greenhouse gas absorption system according to the greenhouse gas concentration measured by the means is provided.

また、第四の発明は、第一乃至第三の何れかの発明に係る温室効果ガス排出状態監視システムであって、温室効果ガス濃度が閾値を上回った場合に警報を発する警報手段を備えることを特徴とする請求項１乃至３の何れか一項に記載の温室効果ガス排出状態監視システム。   The fourth invention is a greenhouse gas emission state monitoring system according to any one of the first to third inventions, comprising alarm means for issuing an alarm when the greenhouse gas concentration exceeds a threshold value. The greenhouse gas emission state monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

また、第五の発明は、第一乃至第四の何れかの発明に係る温室効果ガス排出状態監視システムであって、排気ガスの排出流量を測定する排気ガス排出流量測定手段を備え、前記排出状態記録手段は、前記動作状態判定手段が検出した動作状態と前記温室効果ガス濃度測定手段が測定した温室効果ガス濃度と前記排気ガス排出流量測定手段が測定した排気ガス排出流量とを関連付けて記録することを特徴とする。   A fifth invention is a greenhouse gas emission state monitoring system according to any one of the first to fourth inventions, comprising exhaust gas emission flow rate measuring means for measuring an exhaust gas emission flow rate, wherein the emission The state recording unit records the operation state detected by the operation state determination unit, the greenhouse gas concentration measured by the greenhouse gas concentration measurement unit, and the exhaust gas discharge flow rate measured by the exhaust gas discharge flow rate measurement unit in association with each other. It is characterized by doing.

また、第六の発明は、第五の発明に係る温室効果ガス排出状態監視システムであって、前記排気ガス排出流量測定手段が測定した排気ガス排出流量と前記温室効果ガス濃度測定手段が測定した温室効果ガス濃度とに基づいて温室効果ガスの排出量を算出する温室効果ガス排出量算出手段を備え、前記警報手段は、温室効果ガス排出量が閾値を上回った場合に警報を発することを特徴とする。   The sixth invention is a greenhouse gas emission state monitoring system according to the fifth invention, wherein the exhaust gas emission flow rate measured by the exhaust gas emission flow rate measurement means and the greenhouse gas concentration measurement means are measured. A greenhouse gas emission amount calculating means for calculating a greenhouse gas emission amount based on the greenhouse gas concentration is provided, wherein the alarm means issues an alarm when the greenhouse gas emission amount exceeds a threshold value. And

上述の手段により、本発明は、建設機械が大気中に排出する温室効果ガスをより正確に監視する建設機械用温室効果ガス排出状態監視システムを提供することができる。   By the above-described means, the present invention can provide a greenhouse gas emission state monitoring system for construction machines that more accurately monitors the greenhouse gases emitted by the construction machines into the atmosphere.

以下、本発明の実施の形態について説明する。   Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.

図１は、本発明に係る温室効果ガス排出状態監視システム１００の構成を概略的に示すブロック図であり、温室効果ガス排出状態監視システム１００は、制御部１０、操作レバー２０、温室効果ガス濃度センサ２１、排ガス流量センサ２２、燃料計２３、記憶装置３０、音声出力装置３１、表示装置３２、通信装置３３、及び温室効果ガス吸収システム３４を備え、ＣＡＮ(Controller Area Network)等の通信プロトコルを介して構成要素のそれぞれを接続している。   FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically showing a configuration of a greenhouse gas emission state monitoring system 100 according to the present invention. The greenhouse gas emission state monitoring system 100 includes a control unit 10, an operation lever 20, a greenhouse gas concentration. Sensor 21, exhaust gas flow sensor 22, fuel gauge 23, storage device 30, audio output device 31, display device 32, communication device 33, and greenhouse gas absorption system 34, and communication protocol such as CAN (Controller Area Network) Each of the components is connected via

制御部１０は、ＣＰＵ（Central Processing Unit）、ＲＡＭ(Random Access Memory)、ＲＯＭ（Read Only Memory）、ＮＶＲＡＭ（Non-Volatile Random Access Memory）等を備えた、建設機械に搭載されるコンピュータであって、例えば、後述の動作状態判定手段１１、排出状態記録手段１２、温室効果ガス吸収能制御手段１３、及び温室効果ガス排出量算出手段１４のそれぞれに対応するプログラムをＲＯＭに記憶しながら、操作レバー２０、温室効果ガス濃度センサ２１、排ガス流量センサ２２、及び燃料計２３からの入力を受け、各手段に対応する処理をＣＰＵに実行させ、記憶装置３０、音声出力装置３１、表示装置３２、通信装置３３、及び温室効果ガス吸収システム３４に処理結果を出力する。   The control unit 10 is a computer mounted on a construction machine, which includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a RAM (Random Access Memory), a ROM (Read Only Memory), an NVRAM (Non-Volatile Random Access Memory), and the like. For example, while storing programs corresponding to each of an operation state determination unit 11, an emission state recording unit 12, a greenhouse gas absorption capacity control unit 13, and a greenhouse gas emission calculation unit 14 described later in the ROM, the operation lever 20, receives inputs from the greenhouse gas concentration sensor 21, the exhaust gas flow rate sensor 22, and the fuel gauge 23, causes the CPU to execute processing corresponding to each means, and stores the storage device 30, the audio output device 31, the display device 32, and the communication The processing result is output to the device 33 and the greenhouse gas absorption system 34.

操作レバー２０は、建設機械を操作するための装置であり、例えば、ブーム、アーム、先端作業部（バケット、リフティングマグネット、グラップル、ニブラー等を含む。）、旋回機構、クローラ等のそれぞれに対応する油圧アクチュエータ又は電動アクチュエータを操作するための油圧信号又は電気信号を発生させるリモコンレバーであって、それぞれの操作量に関する情報を制御部１０に出力する。   The operation lever 20 is a device for operating the construction machine and corresponds to, for example, each of a boom, an arm, a tip working unit (including a bucket, a lifting magnet, a grapple, a nibler, etc.), a turning mechanism, a crawler, and the like. A remote control lever that generates a hydraulic signal or an electric signal for operating the hydraulic actuator or the electric actuator, and outputs information related to each operation amount to the control unit 10.

温室効果ガス濃度センサ２１は、建設機械が大気中に排出する温室効果ガス（二酸化炭素、メタン、亜酸化窒素、フロン等を含む。）の濃度を測定するためのセンサであり、例えば、その表面でＣＯ２吸収量に応じた電位差を生じさせる炭化アルカリ類（例えば、炭酸リチウムである。）を用いた固体電解質型ＣＯ２センサであって、排気ガス排出口に取り付けられ建設機械が大気中に排出するＣＯ２の濃度をリアルタイムで測定し、その測定結果を制御部１０に出力する。 The greenhouse gas concentration sensor 21 is a sensor for measuring the concentration of greenhouse gases (including carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and chlorofluorocarbon) discharged from the construction machine into the atmosphere. A solid electrolyte type CO 2 sensor using an alkali carbide (for example, lithium carbonate) that generates a potential difference according to the amount of CO 2 absorption, and the construction machine is attached to an exhaust gas discharge port in the atmosphere. The concentration of discharged CO 2 is measured in real time, and the measurement result is output to the control unit 10.

また、温室効果ガス濃度センサ２１は、好適には、エッチング等の手法により形成される、数ミリメートル程度のパッケージサイズを有するＭＥＭＳ（Micro Electro Mechanical System:微細電気機械システム）であり、その小さなサイズを利用して排気ガス排出口に複数設置されていてもよい。   The greenhouse gas concentration sensor 21 is preferably a MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical System) having a package size of about several millimeters, which is formed by a technique such as etching. A plurality of exhaust gas outlets may be used.

排ガス流量センサ２２は、排気ガス排出口から大気中に排出される排ガスの流量を測定するためのセンサであり、例えば、排ガスの流れの中に置かれた加熱物体の温度変化を利用する熱式流量計、ピトー管を用いた動圧式流量計、排出管路に挿入した絞りの前後の圧力差を利用した差圧式流量計、排ガスの流れの中に置かれた羽根車の回転速度を利用した羽根車式流量計、流体の流れの中に置かれた柱の後ろに発生する渦の発生周波数を利用する渦式流量計、又は、流体中に投射された超音波パルスの周波数差を利用する超音波式流量計等があり、建設機械が排出する排ガスの流量をリアルタイムで測定し、その測定結果を制御部１０に出力する。   The exhaust gas flow rate sensor 22 is a sensor for measuring the flow rate of exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust gas discharge port into the atmosphere. For example, a thermal type using a temperature change of a heated object placed in the flow of exhaust gas. A flow meter, a dynamic pressure flow meter using a Pitot tube, a differential pressure flow meter using the pressure difference before and after the throttle inserted in the discharge pipe, and the rotational speed of the impeller placed in the exhaust gas flow Impeller flow meter, vortex flow meter that uses the frequency of vortex generated behind a column placed in the fluid flow, or frequency difference of ultrasonic pulses projected into the fluid There is an ultrasonic flow meter or the like, and the flow rate of the exhaust gas discharged from the construction machine is measured in real time, and the measurement result is output to the control unit 10.

燃料計２３は、建設機械で使用される燃料の残量を測定するための装置であり、例えば、燃料タンク内に置かれたフロート式液面計を利用する装置であって、燃料残量をリアルタイムで測定し、その測定結果を制御部１０に出力する。   The fuel gauge 23 is an apparatus for measuring the remaining amount of fuel used in the construction machine. For example, the fuel gauge 23 is an apparatus using a float type liquid level gauge placed in a fuel tank, and the remaining fuel amount is measured. Measurement is performed in real time, and the measurement result is output to the control unit 10.

記憶装置３０は、各種情報を記憶するための装置であり、例えば、ハードディスク等の磁気記憶媒体やＤＶＤ等の光学記憶媒体であって、制御部１０が出力するＣＯ２濃度、排ガス流量、燃料残量等を所定間隔で記録するための温室効果ガス排気状態データベースを備える。 Storage device 30 is a device for storing various information, for example, an optical storage medium such as a magnetic storage medium or a DVD such as a hard disk, CO 2 concentration control unit 10 outputs, exhaust gas flow rate, the fuel remaining A greenhouse gas emission state database is provided for recording quantities and the like at predetermined intervals.

音声出力装置３１は、各種情報を音声出力するための装置であり、例えば、建設機械のキャビン内に設置されたスピーカやブザーであって、制御部１０が出力する制御信号に基づいて警報や音声メッセージを音声出力する。   The sound output device 31 is a device for outputting various information as a sound. For example, the sound output device 31 is a speaker or a buzzer installed in a cabin of a construction machine. The sound output device 31 is an alarm or sound based on a control signal output from the control unit 10. Output a message as a voice.

表示装置３２は、各種情報を表示するための装置であり、例えば、建設機械のキャビン内に設置された液晶ディスプレイ等であって、制御部１０が出力する制御信号に基づいて画像やテキストを表示させ、或いは、所定状態を表すためのＬＥＤやランプを点灯させる。   The display device 32 is a device for displaying various types of information. For example, the display device 32 is a liquid crystal display or the like installed in the cabin of a construction machine, and displays an image or text based on a control signal output from the control unit 10. Or, an LED or a lamp for indicating a predetermined state is turned on.

通信装置３３は、外部との通信を制御するための装置であり、例えば、制御部１０からの制御信号に応じ携帯電話周波数や特定小電力無線周波数を用いて温室効果ガス排気状態データベースに記録されたデータを外部のデータセンタに送信する。   The communication device 33 is a device for controlling communication with the outside. For example, the communication device 33 is recorded in the greenhouse gas emission state database using a mobile phone frequency or a specific low-power radio frequency according to a control signal from the control unit 10. Data is sent to an external data center.

また、通信装置３３は、所定間隔で自動的にそれらデータを送信するようにしてもよく、データセンタからの求め（情報要求信号）に応じてそれらデータを送信するようにしてもよい。   Further, the communication device 33 may automatically transmit the data at predetermined intervals, or may transmit the data in response to a request from the data center (information request signal).

温室効果ガス吸収システム３４は、温室効果ガスが排ガス排出口から大気中に排気される前にその温室効果ガスを回収するためのシステムであり、例えば、二酸化炭素を所定の吸蔵温度で吸蔵し、且つ、所定の放出温度で放出する二酸化炭素吸収剤を収容する二酸化炭素吸収部と、エンジン冷却水等を用いてその二酸化炭素吸収部内の温度を制御する温度制御部と、コンプレッサやバイパス管等を用いて二酸化炭素吸収部内の圧力を制御する圧力制御部とを備えたシステムであって、二酸化炭素吸収部内の温度及び圧力に応じてその吸収能が変化し、制御部１０が出力する制御信号に基づいて温度制御部及び圧力制御部により二酸化炭素吸収部内の温度及び圧力を制御しながら二酸化炭素をできるだけ多く二酸化炭素吸収剤に吸収させるようにする。   The greenhouse gas absorption system 34 is a system for collecting the greenhouse gas before the greenhouse gas is exhausted into the atmosphere from the exhaust gas discharge port. For example, the greenhouse gas absorption system 34 stores carbon dioxide at a predetermined storage temperature, And a carbon dioxide absorber that contains a carbon dioxide absorbent that is released at a predetermined release temperature, a temperature controller that controls the temperature inside the carbon dioxide absorber using engine cooling water, a compressor, a bypass pipe, and the like. And a pressure control unit that controls the pressure in the carbon dioxide absorption unit, the absorption capacity changes according to the temperature and pressure in the carbon dioxide absorption unit, and the control signal output by the control unit 10 Based on the temperature controller and the pressure controller, the carbon dioxide absorber absorbs as much carbon dioxide as possible while controlling the temperature and pressure in the carbon dioxide absorber. To.

次に、制御部１０が有する各種手段について説明する。   Next, various units included in the control unit 10 will be described.

動作状態判定手段１１は、建設機械の動作状態を判定するための手段であり、例えば、各種操作レバー２０の出力に基づいて、建設機械が掘削作業を行っているか、床堀作業を行っているか、或いは、解体作業を行っているか等を判定する。   The operation state determination means 11 is a means for determining the operation state of the construction machine. For example, whether the construction machine is performing excavation work or floor excavation work based on the output of the various operation levers 20. Alternatively, it is determined whether a dismantling operation is being performed.

排出状態記録手段１２は、動作状態判定手段１１が判定した動作状態と、温室効果ガス濃度センサ２１、排ガス流量センサ２２、及び燃料計２３が出力するデータとを関連付けて温室効果ガス排気状態データベースに記録する手段である。   The emission state recording unit 12 associates the operation state determined by the operation state determination unit 11 with the data output from the greenhouse gas concentration sensor 21, the exhaust gas flow rate sensor 22, and the fuel gauge 23 in the greenhouse gas exhaust state database. It is a means of recording.

温室効果ガス吸収能制御手段１３は、温室効果ガス吸収システム３４による温室効果ガスの吸収能を制御するための手段であり、例えば、動作状態判定手段１１の判定結果に応じて二酸化炭素吸収部内の温度及び圧力を変化させ、それぞれの動作状態に適した二酸化炭素吸収能となるよう温室効果ガス吸収システム３４をフィードフォワード制御する。なお、それぞれの動作状態に適した二酸化炭素吸収部内の温度及び圧力の値は、予めＲＯＭやＮＶＲＡＭに登録されているものとする。   The greenhouse gas absorption capacity control means 13 is a means for controlling the absorption capacity of the greenhouse gas by the greenhouse gas absorption system 34. For example, according to the determination result of the operation state determination means 11, the inside of the carbon dioxide absorption section The temperature and pressure are changed, and the greenhouse gas absorption system 34 is feedforward controlled so as to obtain a carbon dioxide absorption capacity suitable for each operation state. It is assumed that the temperature and pressure values in the carbon dioxide absorber suitable for each operating state are registered in advance in the ROM or NVRAM.

また、温室効果ガス吸収能制御手段１３は、温室効果ガス濃度センサ２１及び排ガス流量センサ２２の出力に基づいて算出される所定時間におけるＣＯ２の平均濃度、若しくは、総ＣＯ２排出量に応じて、又は、所定時間における平均エンジン回転数、若しくは、燃料消費量に応じて二酸化炭素吸収部内の温度及び圧力を変化させ、温室効果ガス吸収システム３４の二酸化炭素吸収能をフィードバック制御してもよい。 Further, the greenhouse gas absorption capacity control means 13 corresponds to the average concentration of CO 2 or the total CO 2 emission amount for a predetermined time calculated based on the outputs of the greenhouse gas concentration sensor 21 and the exhaust gas flow rate sensor 22. Alternatively, the carbon dioxide absorption capacity of the greenhouse gas absorption system 34 may be feedback-controlled by changing the temperature and pressure in the carbon dioxide absorption section in accordance with the average engine speed for a predetermined time or the fuel consumption.

温室効果ガス排出量算出手段１４は、温室効果ガスの排出量を算出するための手段であり、例えば、温室効果ガス濃度センサ２１、排ガス流量センサ２２及び燃料計２３の出力に基づいて、所定時間（例えば、１時間である。）当たりのＣＯ２排出量や所定燃料消費量当たりのＣＯ２排出量等（以下、「各種ＣＯ２排出量」とする。）を算出する。 The greenhouse gas emission calculation means 14 is a means for calculating the emission amount of the greenhouse gas. For example, based on the outputs of the greenhouse gas concentration sensor 21, the exhaust gas flow rate sensor 22, and the fuel gauge 23, the greenhouse gas emission calculation means 14 is a predetermined time. (for example, 1 hour.) CO 2 emissions or the like per CO 2 emissions and a predetermined fuel consumption per (hereinafter. to "various CO 2 emissions") is calculated.

また、温室効果ガス排出量算出手段１４は、動作状態判定手段１１が判定した建設機械の動作状態毎に、各種ＣＯ２排出量を算出するようにしてもよい。 Further, the greenhouse gas emission amount calculation means 14 may calculate various CO 2 emission amounts for each operation state of the construction machine determined by the operation state determination means 11.

また、温室効果ガス排出量算出手段１４は、算出した各種ＣＯ２排出量が閾値を上回った場合に音声出力装置３２や表示装置３３に制御信号を出力し、ＣＯ２排出量が異常である旨を示す警報やＣＯ２排出量を抑制するための対策等を伝えるガイダンス（音声メッセージ）を音声出力させたり、ＣＯ２排出量が異常である旨を示す画像やＣＯ２排出量を抑制するための対策等を伝えるガイダンス（テキストメッセージ）を表示させたりしてもよい。建設機械の操作者に省エネモード運転を促すためである。 Further, the greenhouse gas emission calculating means 14 outputs a control signal to the audio output device 32 and the display device 33 when the calculated various CO 2 emission amounts exceed the threshold value, and the CO 2 emission amount is abnormal. A warning (voice message) that conveys warnings and measures for suppressing CO 2 emissions, etc., and an image that indicates that the CO 2 emissions are abnormal or for suppressing CO 2 emissions Guidance (text message) that conveys countermeasures may be displayed. This is to encourage the operator of the construction machine to operate in energy saving mode.

更に、温室効果ガス排出量算出手段１４は、算出した各種ＣＯ２排出量が閾値を上回った場合に通信装置３３に制御信号を出力して、各種ＣＯ２排出量が異常である旨をデータセンタに送信させるようにしてもよい。関係者（工事施行現場管理事務所、工事施工主事務所、建設機械レンタル業者事務所、建設機械メーカーコールセンタ等を含む。）に対して建設機械の異常状態を迅速に通知するためである。なお、制御部１０は、算出した各種ＣＯ２排出量が閾値以下の場合であっても、通信装置３３を介して建設機械の各種ＣＯ２排出量を定期的に関係者に通知するようにしてもよい。 Further, the greenhouse gas emission calculating means 14 outputs a control signal to the communication device 33 when the calculated various CO 2 emission amounts exceed the threshold value, and indicates that the various CO 2 emission amounts are abnormal. You may make it transmit to. This is to promptly notify the related parties (including the construction execution site management office, construction work main office, construction machine rental company office, construction machine manufacturer call center, etc.) of the abnormal state of the construction machine. In addition, even if the calculated various CO 2 emission amounts are equal to or less than the threshold value, the control unit 10 periodically notifies the related parties of the various CO 2 emission amounts of the construction machine via the communication device 33. Also good.

また、制御部１０は、温室効果ガス濃度センサ２１の出力に基づいて排ガス中のＣＯ２濃度を監視し、ＣＯ２濃度が閾値を上回った場合に警報を出力させたりテキストメッセージを表示させたりするようにしてもよい。 Further, the control unit 10 monitors the CO 2 concentration in the exhaust gas based on the output of the greenhouse gas concentration sensor 21 and outputs an alarm or displays a text message when the CO 2 concentration exceeds the threshold value. You may do it.

次に、図２を参照しながら、温室効果ガス排出状態監視システム１００が大気中に排出される温室効果ガスを監視する処理（以下、「温室効果ガス排出状態監視処理」とする。）について説明する。なお、図２は、温室効果ガス排出状態監視処理の流れを示すフローチャートであり、制御部１０は、この処理を所定間隔で繰り返し実行するものとする。   Next, with reference to FIG. 2, a process (hereinafter referred to as “a greenhouse gas emission state monitoring process”) in which the greenhouse gas emission state monitoring system 100 monitors the greenhouse gas discharged into the atmosphere will be described. To do. FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the flow of the greenhouse gas emission state monitoring process, and the control unit 10 repeatedly executes this process at predetermined intervals.

最初に、制御部１０は、動作状態判定手段１１により、過去の所定時間（例えば、５分間である。）にわたる操作レバー２０の出力履歴に基づいて現在の建設機械の動作状態を判定する（ステップＳ１）。動作状態判定手段１１は、例えば、過去の所定時間において所定回数以上の掘削操作（ブームの降下操作、アーム及びバケットの下げ操作、ブームの上昇操作、並びに、アーム及びバケットの上げ操作から成る一連の操作で構成される。）が検出された場合に、掘削作業が行われていると判定する。   First, the control unit 10 determines the current operation state of the construction machine based on the output history of the operation lever 20 over a predetermined time (for example, 5 minutes) by the operation state determination unit 11 (step). S1). The operation state determination means 11 is, for example, a series of excavation operations (boom lowering operation, arm and bucket lowering operation, boom raising operation, and arm and bucket raising operation over a predetermined number of times in the past predetermined time. It is determined that excavation work is being performed.

その後、制御部１０は、排出状態記録手段１２により、動作状態判定手段１１の判定結果と、温室効果ガス濃度センサ２１、排ガス流量センサ２２、及び燃料計２３の出力とを関連付けて記憶装置３０にある温室効果ガス排気状態データベースに記録する（ステップＳ２）。   Thereafter, the control unit 10 associates the determination result of the operation state determination unit 11 with the outputs of the greenhouse gas concentration sensor 21, the exhaust gas flow rate sensor 22, and the fuel gauge 23 in the storage device 30 by the emission state recording unit 12. Record in a certain greenhouse gas emission state database (step S2).

その後、制御部１０は、温室効果ガス排出量算出手段１４により、温室効果ガス排気状態データベースを参照して、動作状態判定手段１１が判定した建設機械における現在継続中の動作状態での所定時間（例えば、５分間である。）当たりのＣＯ２排出量を算出し（ステップＳ３）、算出した値と閾値Ｔ１とを比較する（ステップＳ４）。 After that, the control unit 10 refers to the greenhouse gas emission state database by the greenhouse gas emission calculation means 14 for a predetermined time (in the currently continued operation state of the construction machine determined by the operation state determination means 11) ( For example, it is 5 minutes.) The amount of CO 2 emission per unit is calculated (step S3), and the calculated value is compared with the threshold value T1 (step S4).

所定時間当たりのＣＯ２排出量が閾値Ｔ１を上回った場合（ステップＳ４のＹＥＳ）、制御部１０は、音声出力装置３１に制御信号を出力してＣＯ２排出量が高い旨の警報を出力させ、且つ、表示装置３２に制御信号を出力してＣＯ２排出量を抑制するための措置を提示するテキストメッセージを表示させる（ステップＳ５）。建設機械の操作者に省エネモード運転を促すためである。 When the CO 2 emission amount per predetermined time exceeds the threshold value T1 (YES in step S4), the control unit 10 outputs a control signal to the sound output device 31 to output an alarm that the CO 2 emission amount is high. And the control apparatus outputs a control signal to the display device 32 to display a text message presenting a measure for suppressing the CO 2 emission amount (step S5). This is to encourage the operator of the construction machine to operate in energy saving mode.

一方、所定時間当たりのＣＯ２排出量が閾値Ｔ１を下回っている場合（ステップＳ４のＮＯ）、制御部１０は、音声出力装置３１及び表示装置３２に制御信号を出力することなく、ステップＳ６に進む。ＣＯ２排出量が適正レベルで維持されているからである。 On the other hand, when the CO 2 emission amount per predetermined time is below the threshold value T1 (NO in step S4), the control unit 10 does not output a control signal to the audio output device 31 and the display device 32, and proceeds to step S6. move on. This is because the CO 2 emission amount is maintained at an appropriate level.

その後、制御部１０は、温室効果ガス排出量算出手段１４により、温室効果ガス排気状態データベースを参照して、所定時間（例えば、１時間である。）の総ＣＯ２排出量を算出し（ステップＳ６）、算出した値と閾値Ｔ２とを比較する（ステップＳ７）。 Thereafter, the control unit 10 calculates the total CO 2 emission amount for a predetermined time (for example, 1 hour) with reference to the greenhouse gas emission state database by the greenhouse gas emission amount calculation means 14 (step 1). S6) The calculated value is compared with the threshold value T2 (step S7).

総ＣＯ２排出量が閾値Ｔ２を上回った場合（ステップＳ６のＹＥＳ）、制御部１０は、通信装置３３に制御信号を出力して外部の関係者にその旨を通知する（ステップＳ７）。関係者が適切な対応（例えば、建設機械の操作者に電話等で直接連絡し、省エネモード運転を促すことを含む。）を取ることができるようにするためである。 When the total CO 2 emission amount exceeds the threshold value T2 (YES in step S6), the control unit 10 outputs a control signal to the communication device 33 to notify the external parties (step S7). This is because the related parties can take appropriate measures (including, for example, directly contacting the operator of the construction machine by telephone etc. and prompting the energy saving mode operation).

一方、総ＣＯ２排出量が閾値Ｔ２を下回っている場合（ステップＳ６のＮＯ）、制御部１０は、通信装置３３に制御信号を出力することなく、ステップＳ８に進む。ＣＯ２排出量が適正レベルで維持されているからである。 On the other hand, when the total CO 2 emission amount is below the threshold value T2 (NO in step S6), the control unit 10 proceeds to step S8 without outputting a control signal to the communication device 33. This is because the CO 2 emission amount is maintained at an appropriate level.

その後、制御部１０は、動作状態判定手段１１により動作状態が変化したことを検知した場合には、温室効果ガス吸収能制御手段１３により、温室効果ガス吸収システム３４における温度制御部及び圧力制御部に制御信号を出力し、二酸化炭素吸収部内の温度及び圧力を現在の動作状態に適した所定の状態に移行させるようにフィードフォワード制御を実行する（ステップＳ８）。   Thereafter, when the control unit 10 detects that the operation state has been changed by the operation state determination unit 11, the temperature control unit and the pressure control unit in the greenhouse gas absorption system 34 are controlled by the greenhouse gas absorption capacity control unit 13. A control signal is output to feed-forward control so as to shift the temperature and pressure in the carbon dioxide absorber to a predetermined state suitable for the current operating state (step S8).

なお、制御部１０は、動作状態判定手段１１により動作状態が変化していないことを検知した場合には、温室効果ガス吸収能制御手段１３により、温室効果ガス吸収システム３４における温度制御部及び圧力制御部に制御信号を出力し、温室効果ガス濃度センサ２１及び排ガス流量センサ２２の出力に応じて二酸化炭素吸収部内の温度及び圧力をフィードバック制御するようにしてもよい。   In addition, when the control part 10 detects that the operation state has not changed by the operation state determination means 11, the temperature control part and the pressure in the greenhouse gas absorption system 34 are detected by the greenhouse gas absorption capacity control means 13. A control signal may be output to the control unit, and the temperature and pressure in the carbon dioxide absorption unit may be feedback controlled according to the outputs of the greenhouse gas concentration sensor 21 and the exhaust gas flow rate sensor 22.

以上の構成により、温室効果ガス排出状態監視システム１００は、建設機械が大気中に排出する温室効果ガスをより正確に監視しながらＣＯ２濃度やＣＯ２排出量が閾値を上回った場合に警報等を出力させるので、実際に大気中に排出される温室効果ガスの排出量に基づいて建設機械の操作者に省エネモード運転を意識的に実行させることができる。 With the above-described configuration, the greenhouse gas emission state monitoring system 100 provides an alarm when the CO 2 concentration or the CO 2 emission amount exceeds a threshold while more accurately monitoring the greenhouse gas emitted from the construction machine into the atmosphere. Therefore, the operator of the construction machine can consciously execute the energy saving mode operation based on the amount of greenhouse gas actually discharged into the atmosphere.

また、温室効果ガス排出状態監視システム１００は、建設機械の動作状態と関連付けて温室効果ガスの排出状態を記録するので、温室効果ガス吸収システム３４の詳細な評価、その特性の詳細な解析等を可能且つ容易にする。   The greenhouse gas emission state monitoring system 100 records the greenhouse gas emission state in association with the operating state of the construction machine, so that detailed evaluation of the greenhouse gas absorption system 34, detailed analysis of its characteristics, etc. are performed. Possible and easy.

例えば、建設機械の各種動作状態に応じた温室効果ガス吸収システム３４における二酸化炭素吸収部内の最適な温度及び圧力の値（ＲＯＭ又はＮＶＲＡＭに登録されている。）は、これらの評価又は解析に基づいて調整される。   For example, the optimum temperature and pressure values (registered in ROM or NVRAM) in the carbon dioxide absorption part in the greenhouse gas absorption system 34 according to various operating states of the construction machine are based on these evaluations or analysis. Adjusted.

以上、本発明の実施の形態について詳述したが、本発明は特定の実施形態に限定されるものではなく、特許請求の範囲に記載された本発明の要旨の範囲内において、種々の変形及び変更が可能である。   Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiment, and various modifications and changes are within the scope of the gist of the present invention described in the claims. It can be changed.

例えば、上述の実施例において、記憶装置３０は、個々の建設機械に搭載されているが、個々の建設機械に搭載される代わりにデータセンタに設置され、複数の建設機械から通信装置３３を介して送信されるデータを一括管理するようにしてもよい。   For example, in the above-described embodiment, the storage device 30 is mounted on each construction machine, but instead of being mounted on each construction machine, the storage device 30 is installed in the data center, and a plurality of construction machines are connected via the communication device 33. The data to be transmitted may be managed collectively.

この構成により、温室効果ガス排出状態監視システム１００は、複数の建設機械に搭載される温室効果ガス吸収システム３４の詳細な評価、その特性の詳細な解析等をより容易にすることができる。   With this configuration, the greenhouse gas emission monitoring system 100 can facilitate detailed evaluation, detailed analysis of the characteristics, and the like of the greenhouse gas absorption system 34 mounted on a plurality of construction machines.

本発明に係る温室効果ガス排出状態監視システムの構成を概略的に示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows roughly the structure of the greenhouse gas emission state monitoring system which concerns on this invention. 温室効果ガス排出状態監視処理の流れを示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows the flow of a greenhouse gas discharge | emission state monitoring process.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１０・・・制御部 １１・・・動作状態判定手段 １２・・・排出状態記録手段 １３・・・温室効果ガス吸収能制御手段 １４・・・温室効果ガス排出量算出手段 ２０・・・操作レバー ２１・・・温室効果ガス濃度センサ ２２・・・排ガス流量センサ ２３・・・燃料計 ３０・・・記憶装置 ３１・・・音声出力装置 ３２・・・表示装置 ３３・・・通信装置 ３４・・・温室効果ガス吸収システム １００・・・温室効果ガス排出状態監視システム   DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Control part 11 ... Operating state determination means 12 ... Emission state recording means 13 ... Greenhouse gas absorption capacity control means 14 ... Greenhouse gas emission calculation means 20 ... Operation lever 21 ... Greenhouse gas concentration sensor 22 ... Exhaust gas flow sensor 23 ... Fuel meter 30 ... Storage device 31 ... Audio output device 32 ... Display device 33 ... Communication device 34 ...・ Greenhouse gas absorption system 100 ... Greenhouse gas emission status monitoring system

Claims (6)

建設機械が大気中に排出する温室効果ガスの排出状態を監視する温室効果ガス排出状態監視システムであって、
前記建設機械の動作状態を判定する動作状態判定手段と、
前記建設機械における排気ガス排出口に取り付けられた温室効果ガスの濃度を測定する温室効果ガス濃度測定手段と、
前記動作状態判定手段が判定した動作状態と前記温室効果ガス濃度測定手段が測定した温室効果ガス濃度とを関連付けて記録する排出状態記録手段と、
を備える温室効果ガス排出状態監視システム。 A greenhouse gas emission state monitoring system for monitoring the emission state of greenhouse gases emitted by construction machinery into the atmosphere,
An operation state determination means for determining an operation state of the construction machine;
Greenhouse gas concentration measuring means for measuring the concentration of greenhouse gas attached to an exhaust gas outlet in the construction machine;
An emission state recording unit that records the operation state determined by the operation state determination unit in association with the greenhouse gas concentration measured by the greenhouse gas concentration measurement unit;
A greenhouse gas emission monitoring system. 前記建設機械は、排気システム内に温室効果ガス吸収システムを備えることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の温室効果ガス排出状態監視システム。   The greenhouse gas emission state monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the construction machine includes a greenhouse gas absorption system in an exhaust system. 前記動作状態判定手段が判定した建設機械の動作状態に応じて、或いは、前記温室効果ガス濃度測定手段が測定した温室効果ガス濃度に応じて前記温室効果ガス吸収システムの吸収能を調整する温室効果ガス吸収能制御手段を備えることを特徴とする請求項２に記載の温室効果ガス排出状態監視システム。   The greenhouse effect that adjusts the absorption capacity of the greenhouse gas absorption system according to the operation state of the construction machine determined by the operation state determination unit or according to the greenhouse gas concentration measured by the greenhouse gas concentration measurement unit The greenhouse gas emission state monitoring system according to claim 2, further comprising gas absorption capacity control means. 温室効果ガス濃度が閾値を上回った場合に警報を発する警報手段を備えることを特徴とする請求項１乃至３の何れか一項に記載の温室効果ガス排出状態監視システム。   The greenhouse gas emission state monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising alarm means for issuing an alarm when the greenhouse gas concentration exceeds a threshold value. 排気ガスの排出流量を測定する排気ガス排出流量測定手段を備え、
前記排出状態記録手段は、前記動作状態判定手段が判定した動作状態と前記温室効果ガス濃度測定手段が測定した温室効果ガス濃度と前記排気ガス排出流量測定手段が測定した排気ガス排出流量とを関連付けて記録する、
ことを特徴とする請求項１乃至４の何れか一項に記載の温室効果ガス排出状態監視システム。 Equipped with exhaust gas exhaust flow rate measuring means for measuring exhaust gas exhaust flow rate,
The emission state recording unit associates the operation state determined by the operation state determination unit, the greenhouse gas concentration measured by the greenhouse gas concentration measurement unit, and the exhaust gas discharge flow rate measured by the exhaust gas discharge flow rate measurement unit. Record,
The greenhouse gas emission state monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein 前記排気ガス排出流量測定手段が測定した排気ガス排出流量と前記温室効果ガス濃度測定手段が測定した温室効果ガス濃度とに基づいて温室効果ガスの排出量を算出する温室効果ガス排出量算出手段を備え、
前記警報手段は、温室効果ガス排出量が閾値を上回った場合に警報を発する、
ことを特徴とする請求項５に記載の温室効果ガス排出状態監視システム。 A greenhouse gas emission calculating means for calculating a greenhouse gas emission based on the exhaust gas emission flow measured by the exhaust gas emission flow measuring means and the greenhouse gas concentration measured by the greenhouse gas concentration measuring means; Prepared,
The alarm means issues an alarm when the greenhouse gas emission exceeds a threshold value,
The greenhouse gas emission state monitoring system according to claim 5.
JP2008266834A 2008-10-15 2008-10-15 Greenhouse gas exhaust status monitoring system Pending JP2010097363A (en)

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