JP2010084100A - Apparatus for producing fuel gas from chicken dropping - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus for producing a fuel gas of chicken droppings as dispersion-type biomass waste, which apparatus is adapted so that the fuel gas can be produced by a continuous operation while keeping high apparatus sealability, preventing detonation and continuously feeding chicken droppings and so that thermal and electric energy can be obtained while achieving the absorption and recovery of treatment cost. <P>SOLUTION: There are provided an apparatus for producing fuel gas from chicken droppings, which fuel gas production apparatus comprising a chicken dropping feeder and a gasifier, wherein the chicken dropping continuous feeder comprises a detector, a chicken dropping feed conveyor (4), a feed part (51), and an introduction part (52), and the gasifier comprises a detector, a gasifier body (7), an air nozzle (33), a cutout rotor (34), and a cutout screw conveyor (8), and a method using the same. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to a chicken manure fuel gas production apparatus that converts energy by gasifying chicken excrement, which is one of livestock excreta, produces flammable gas and supplies it to gasification power generation equipment.

Poultry manure, which is livestock excrement, can be freely treated as waste by the “Law Concerning Promotion of Promotion of Adequate Management and Use of Livestock Excretion” (the so-called Livestock Excretion Act), which was enforced in November 1999. As a result, the poultry producers became obliged to properly manage and utilize chicken manure, and at the same time, they were required to comply with or review the management standards of the chicken manure processing and storage facility. Until now, most of chicken manure has been treated by a method of composting by incineration or fermentation regardless of in-house treatment or consignment treatment. However, this compost is not only from chicken dung, but also from pig dung and cow dung, and it seems that there is an oversupply (problem 1). In addition, the treatment as incineration or fertilizer is in a situation where it is difficult to absorb or recover the treatment cost as a dispersed biomass waste (problem 2).

In addition to this, chicken manure contains a large amount of harmful gases with strong odors such as ammonia in its components (problem 3), and the burden and cost of the treatment has been a problem (problem) Point 4). At the same time, another problem that chicken dung has become an infection medium for chicken flu has also occurred (problem 5). For this reason, solutions using steam turbine power generation facilities have also been proposed.

However, such a steam turbine type power generation facility has a tendency that the heat loss increases due to the characteristics of the waste heat boiler and the steam turbine in the case of a small scale, the efficiency is remarkably reduced, and the construction cost becomes enormous. In spawning poultry farms, steam turbine power generation facilities are difficult to spread (problem 6). In addition, there are cases of short-term operation on woody materials that are easy to gasify in power generation facilities equipped with gasification technology, but long-term continuous gasification power generation operation with chicken manure that is difficult to gasify due to high moisture and ash content. As for the results of, there are no cases (problem 7). Many of these problems are due to the thin and wide nature of the biomass itself (low energy density), and the processing equipment configuration that is expected to be demanded by businesses that produce biomass is small and distributed. Construction is craving (problem 8). At the same time, biomass waste should be prevented at all times (problem 9) because the prevention of its occurrence itself is a potential problem.

Conventionally known biomass gasification methods include Patent Document 1 (2004-292768), Patent Document 2 (JP-A-2003-49177), Patent Document 3 (JP-A-2005-140346), and the like. ing. According to Patent Document 1, it is possible to provide a device that continuously and stably generates gas using biomass fuel (sawdust etc.). In Patent Document 1, gasification can be performed relatively quickly with a small-scale facility. However, it is not suitable for gasification of biomass wastes with high water content such as chicken manure.

Patent Document 2 proposes a biomass gasification method and apparatus capable of efficiently producing effective synthesis gas with a small-scale apparatus. However, depending on Patent Document 2, there is a problem that the amount of generated gas varies, and stable energy supply cannot be performed, so that continuous operation is difficult.
According to Patent Document 3, there is proposed a continuous combustion type small-scale furnace that does not have the obligation of a structural standard such as a dust collector.
However, in Patent Document 3, it cannot be said that the means for preventing deflagration in the furnace is sufficient. Therefore, there are problems such as difficulty in continuous operation.

(JP-A-2004-292768) (JP-A-2003-49177) (JP-A-2005-140346)

The problem to be solved by the present invention is to solve the various problems as listed above (Problem No. 1) to (Problem No. 9). That is, the combustible gas obtained from the dry sizing process that dehydrates the water of chicken manure with a small calorific value and high ash and moisture, and the pyrolysis gasification process can be recovered continuously and efficiently. Provided is a fuel gas production apparatus (Problem 1), particularly a fuel gas production apparatus (Problem 2) with high sealing performance. In other words, the applicant of the present invention converts biomass waste, which is organic solids such as chicken manure, which has a high water content and ash content, into continuous and efficient drying, fuel gasification, and pyrolysis gasification. Gas that has been collected in the form of combustible gas, purified to fuel gas, supplied to the generator, and recovered as electric energy, and a small-scale distributed gasification power generator and gas recovered in the form of combustible gas We propose a device that makes effective use of the thermal energy obtained from the combustion of this in this system.

Problem 1 is a fuel gas production apparatus including a chicken manure continuous supply device and a gasification furnace. The chicken manure continuous supply device includes a chicken manure supply conveyor 4, a supply unit 51, and a charging unit 52, and a gasification furnace. The problem is solved by providing the gasification furnace main body 7, the air nozzle 33, the cutting rotor 34, and the cutting screw conveyor 8.
Problem 2 is solved by providing a fuel gas production apparatus with particularly high sealing performance and a gasification furnace with high sealing performance.

The invention according to claim 1 provides an apparatus for solving Problem 1 or Problem 2. That is, in the fuel gas production apparatus comprising the chicken manure continuous supply device and the gasification furnace, the chicken manure continuous supply device comprises the chicken manure supply conveyor 4, the supply unit 51, and the input unit 52, and the gasification furnace comprises: A chicken manure fuel gas production apparatus comprising a gasification furnace main body 7, an air nozzle 33, a cutting rotor 34, and a cutting screw conveyor 8. The chicken manure is gasified from the chicken manure supply conveyor 4 through the first, second and third chambers to the gasification furnace from the charging screw conveyor 6.

The invention according to claim 2 provides an apparatus for solving Problem 1 or Problem 2. That is, the chicken manure supply conveyor 4 is provided so as to be interlocked with the first chamber 24 and the first detection device 27, and the second detection device 28 is provided so as to be interlocked with the second damper 32, and the first The detection device 27 and the second detection device 28 are chicken dung fuel gas production devices provided to operate independently of each other.
The opening and closing of the first damper 31 is interlocked with the first detection device 27, the start or stop of the charging screw conveyor 6 is interlocked with the second detection device 28, and the opening and closing of the second damper 32 is controlled with the third chamber 26. The chicken dung fuel gas production device according to claim 1, wherein the amount of chicken dung is increased or decreased, or the second level detection device 28 detects the level of the chicken dung.

The invention according to claim 3 provides an apparatus for more specifically solving Problem 1 or Problem 2. That is, the chicken manure supply conveyor 4 is provided so as to be interlocked with the first chamber 24 and the first detection device 27, and the second detection device 28 is provided so as to be interlocked with the first detection device 27, and The chicken dung fuel gas production apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first detection device 27 and the second detection device 28 are provided so as to operate independently of each other.

The invention according to claim 4 provides an apparatus for more specifically solving Problem 1 or Problem 2. That is,
The opening and closing of the first damper 31 is interlocked with the first detecting device 27, and the start or stop of the charging screw conveyor is interlocked with the second detecting device 28, and the opening and closing of the second damper 32 is controlled within the second chamber 25. The chicken manure fuel gas production apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein sensing is performed in conjunction with an increase or decrease in the amount of chicken manure or a height level.

The invention according to claim 5 provides an apparatus for solving the problem 1 or the problem 2 more specifically. That is, a plurality of air nozzles 33 are provided inside the gasification furnace 7 provided with an inlet, a gas outlet, and an ash outlet, and a plurality of cutouts provided below the air nozzles 33 in the gasification furnace. It is a chicken manure fuel gas manufacturing apparatus of Claim 1 which has the gasification furnace 7 provided with the rotor 34 and the cutting screw conveyor 8 provided in the gasification furnace bottom part.

The invention according to claim 6 provides an apparatus for more specifically solving Problem 1 or Problem 2. That is,
The entire air nozzle 33 is formed in a vertical cylindrical shape, and a plurality of blowing holes 33A are provided in the upper portion of the air nozzle, and the top of the air nozzle is formed in an inverted conical shape having an inclination angle of approximately 60 °. It is a chicken manure fuel gas manufacturing apparatus of Claim 1 or 5.

The invention according to claim 7 provides an apparatus for solving the problem 1 or the problem 2 more specifically. That is, a plurality of cutting rotors 34 each including a rotation axis 34A and a plurality of rotation plate-like bodies 34C attached to a shaft peripheral portion 34B surrounding the rotation axis 34A are provided, and the plurality of rotations are provided. The plate-like body 34C is attached in the gasification furnace (predetermined position) so as to be in close contact with each other in a row, and the ash is accumulated from the chicken manure layer when the ash is accumulated due to the closed state of the adjacent plural cutting rotors 34 being closed. 6. The chicken manure fuel gas production apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the ash is dropped and accommodated in the ash hopper 35 at the bottom of the gasification furnace 7 at the time of ash cutting by opening the cutting rotor 34 while receiving and storing up to the layer. is there.

The invention according to claims 8 and 9 provides an apparatus for more specifically solving the problem 1 or the problem 2. That is, the cut ash can be discharged continuously and smoothly, and the sealing performance at the lower part of the gasification path can be maintained.

The apparatus according to claim 1 of the present invention includes a dry sizing process and a pyrolysis gasification process for dewatering chicken dung water having a small calorific value and a large amount of ash (or moisture) of the fuel of problems 1 and 2 It is suitable for providing a fuel gas production apparatus capable of continuously and efficiently recovering the combustible gas obtained from the above process. That is, the chicken poultry continuous supply device is composed of three independent chambers to improve the confidentiality of the dampers, and as a result, the poultry manure passing through the chamber reaches the gasification furnace with high sealing performance, thereby preventing deflagration in the gasification furnace. It has become possible. As a result of providing the cutting rotor and the cutting screw conveyor separately in the gasification furnace itself, the confidentiality within the gasification furnace, that is, the effect of preventing deflagration due to the inflow of air from the downstream side, could be achieved.

The apparatus according to the second aspect of the present invention is effective in solving the problems 1 and 2 in addition to the effect of the second aspect. In particular, the amount of poultry manure in each chamber, that is, the remaining amount, is managed and controlled by linking the detecting device and the damper for each damper, thereby enabling the supply of chicken manure with a high sealing property.

The apparatus according to claim 3 of the present invention is effective in solving problems 1 and 2 in addition to the effect of claim 2. In other words, the first detection device controls the amount of chicken manure supplied by the chicken manure supply conveyor in conjunction with the chicken manure supply conveyor, and in addition to or separately from this, the input screw conveyor is operated or stopped in conjunction with the second detection device. As a result, the device with high sealing performance was obtained.

The apparatus according to claim 4 of the present invention is effective in solving the problems 1 and 2.

The apparatus according to claim 5 of the present invention is effective in solving Problem 1 and Problem 2 in addition to the effect of Claim 2. That is, a mixture of high-temperature steam and air is supplied by an air nozzle provided in the gasification furnace, and chicken manure is burned.
As well as accumulating the ash layer accumulated by the specific gravity after combustion on the cut-out rotor in a sealed state, there is an effect of opening and closing the cut-out rotor in conjunction with the ash layer by the detection device. The ash layer dropped and accumulated in the ash hopper by opening the cutting rotor is carried out while being cooled by the cutting screw conveyor. In the gasification furnace, an effect in the form of a gasification furnace having a double sealing property due to the cutting rotor and the cutting screw conveyor can be obtained.

The device according to the sixth aspect of the present invention is effective in solving the problems 1 and 2 in addition to the effect of the second aspect. That is, the air nozzle has an acute angle (60 degrees) at the tip, and neither the chicken manure nor the ash layer after combustion accumulates. Due to the uniform arrangement of the air nozzles in the gasification furnace, the chicken manure introduced into the gasification furnace is burned evenly and the gas is stably supplied.

The device according to the seventh aspect of the present invention is effective in solving the problems 1 and 2 in addition to the effect of the second aspect. That is, a cutout rotor ash layer and a plurality of plate-like rotary bodies provided on the rotary shaft form a closed combustion chamber in the upper part of the gasification furnace, and the plate-like rotary body is rotated or opened and closed. The ash layer can be easily dropped from the upper part to the lower part of the gasifier. In other words, the cutting rotor has a very effective function that simplifies the structure and enables (1) formation of a closed chamber and (2) equal drop of the ash layer.
Since the chicken manure gasification power generation system of the present invention is configured as described above, the installation area is small in a compact form by a fixed bed type gasification furnace and a reformer of the same type, and it is relatively expensive. Can be installed low.
By treating the condensed components obtained from the reformed gas with a pyrolysis evaporator, conventional water treatment facilities and redundant industrial waste treatment become unnecessary, reducing running costs and providing a gas engine generator It can also be used as an emergency power source during a power outage. Furthermore, the residual ash of chicken manure has a high calcium content and can be reused as a fertilizer and a spill. In addition, treatment with a combustion zone of 900-1000 ° C in a gasifier can prevent chicken influenza. Therefore, a sterilization effect can be obtained. Therefore, the present invention has extremely high practical value as a conventional method for gasification of chicken manure that has solved these various problems and a small-scale power generation equipment for the method.
As a result, wastewater treatment facilities are no longer necessary, and continuous operation is possible. As a result, stable electric energy can be obtained even if the fuel gas heating value fluctuates. There is an advantage that the operation of the apparatus can be continued.

In addition to the effect of claim 1, the apparatus according to claims 8 and 9 of the present invention enables continuous ashing of ash generated after fuel gasification of chicken manure. Enable efficient driving.

  The best mode of the present invention will be described in detail in the following embodiments with reference to the drawings.

The fuel gas production apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 1 is a system flow diagram according to one embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, the chicken manure 1 reaches the chicken manure continuous supply device 50 and the gasification furnace 7 through the chicken manure dryer 2, the rectifier 3, and the chicken manure supply conveyor 4. For convenience, the generic term from the chicken manure supply conveyor to the gasifier is referred to as a fuel gas production apparatus. The existing equipment is used for drying the chicken droppings fed to the chicken dropping continuous supply device. For example, according to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-303409 and Special Table 2002-537765. In principle, the dung of chicken manure is applied by supplying warm air from the poultry house and heat energy recovered by the system of the present invention.

(Chicken manure continuous supply device)
FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the fuel gas production apparatus 50. The chicken manure is supplied to the chicken manure continuous supply device 50 starting from the chicken manure supply conveyor 4. The chicken manure continuous supply device 50 reaches the input portion 52 via the chicken manure supply conveyor 4 and the supply portion 51 composed of two-stage chambers (first and second chambers). Next, in the charging section 52, the gasification furnace 7 is charged from the third chamber 26 through the charging screw conveyor 8.

(Device structure)
The chicken manure supplied from the chicken manure supply conveyor 4 is supplied from the supply unit 51 of the chicken manure continuous supply device 50 through the input unit 52 and then into the gasification furnace 7. When the continuous operation is started, the gasification furnace 7 is filled with the high-temperature combustible gas generated by the gasification operation accompanying the conversion of chicken manure into fuel, and as it is, the gasification furnace 7 detonates in the gasification furnace 7 due to the mixing of external air. Probability is high. Therefore, in order to avoid the mixing of external air into the gasification furnace, it is necessary to continuously supply a quantity of chicken manure while ensuring sufficient sealing performance and preventing deflagration. Therefore, the high-sealing chicken dung continuous supply device according to the present invention has a supply unit 51 that ensures sealing performance and continuously supplies fuel gas in a constant amount, and an input unit 52 that inputs a certain amount of chicken manure into the gasification furnace. Is provided. The supply unit 51 is configured in a double manner by a two-stage damper method, and is set so that adjacent dampers are not opened simultaneously by interlocking the chicken dung amount detection device and the damper, and always outside the gasifier. The structure can be cut off from the atmosphere.
The input unit 52 downstream of the supply unit 51 uses a screw system, and the screw filled with chicken manure also plays a role of ensuring sealing performance. Moreover, it is also possible to put into the gasification furnace by a pusher (air cylinder) method instead of the screw method.

(Operation of chicken manure continuous supply device 50 in FIGS. 2 and 3)
When the loading screw conveyor 6 is operated and the chicken manure is introduced into the gasification furnace 7, the interlocking second detecting device 28 detects a decrease in the level of the chicken manure, and the second damper 32 opens to replenish the chicken manure. After that, the second damper 32
It is closed by timer control for several seconds.
(2) When the second damper 32 is closed, the first damper 31 interlocked with the second damper 32 is opened, and the chicken manure in the first chamber 24 is dropped and replenished to the second chamber 25.
The chicken dung is dehydrated and dried, and when the damper opens, it quickly falls to the lower part, so the first damper 31 is appropriately timer controlled. For example, the timer is controlled so that it closes after 1-2 seconds after opening.
(3) When the 1st detection apparatus 27 detects the fall of a chicken dung level, the chicken dung supply conveyor 4 which interlock | cooperates will act | operate, and a chicken dung will be replenished. Further, when the level of the first detection device 27 reaches the set level, the chicken manure supply conveyor 4 stops.
The first damper 3 1 and the second damper 32 are set so as not to open simultaneously. That is, when one of the first damper 31 and the second damper 32 is opened, the other damper is closed. Sealing performance (airtightness) between the chambers is maintained by the automatic opening / closing mechanism between the dampers as described above. For this purpose, at least two or more chambers are required. Desirably at least three chambers are required.

(Continuous ash removal device)
The continuous ash removal apparatus is composed of a cutting rotor, an ash hopper, and a cutting screw conveyor 8, and has the following functions.
In FIG.
(1) Cool the heat from the high-temperature ash generated by gasification combustion of chicken manure to around 600 ° C.
(2) The ash deposited on the ash layer (before cutting) while the shape of the dry layer, carbonization layer, gasification layer, combustion layer, and ash layer (before cutting) is maintained from above the cutting rotor 34 Is dropped onto an ash hopper provided at the bottom of the gasifier.
(3) The ash temperature when being cut out from the ash hopper and carried outside through the screw conveyor 8 is cooled to around 60 ° C.

In order to achieve the function (1), it is configured as follows.
The temperature of the combustion layer during gasification is about 1000 ° C, and the temperature of ash generated as a result of gasification combustion is also about 1000 ° C. In order to use normal carbon steel for the equipment, the height of the ash layer is set so that the temperature of the ash layer is radiated and cooled to 600 ° C.

In order to achieve the function (2), it is configured as follows.
For continuous and stable gasification in the gasification furnace, as shown in FIG. 4, the upper part of the rotor 34 is the top of the dry layer, dry distillation layer, gasification layer, combustion layer, ash layer (before cutting) The ash deposited on the ash layer (before cutting) while maintaining the shape (that is, the upper and lower stacking relationship of each layer) is dropped below the rotor 34 and the above-mentioned layers are maintained while maintaining the upper and lower stacking relationship of each layer. This is done by settling.
In FIG. 4, if the ash that settles is cut out in the horizontal direction from the state where the cutting rotor is missing (zundo state), and the ash is extracted only by the screw conveyor 8, the ash concentrates on the screw outlet. Only the side ash settles. In other words, the ash on the exit side of the cut-out rotor in the gasification furnace does not move, so that the uniform settlement of each ash layer tends to be hindered. In such ash extraction, the shape of each layer collapses and the temperature distribution in the gasification furnace (particularly the combustion layer) cannot be maintained, so the gasification performance is impaired.

In order to allow the layers to settle while maintaining the upper and lower layer stacking relationship, as shown in FIG.
(1) A cutting rotor 34 is provided.
(2) An ash hopper 35 was provided at the lowermost part of the gasifier, and the ash layer (at the time of ash accumulation) above the cut-out rotor 34 and the ash dropped and carried out to the ash hopper were separated.
(3) The cutting screw conveyor 8 is provided separately from the cutting rotor 34.

As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the cutting rotor 34 has a plate-like rotating body attached to the rotating shaft at every angle of 60 °, and is installed at the lower part of the gasifier as shown in FIG. Further, as shown in FIG. 10, they are evenly arranged on the entire lower surface of the gasifier.
A state when the cutting rotor 34 is closed is shown in FIG. The chicken manure becomes gas and ash by combustion, and the ash is cut out and accumulated on the upper part of the rotor 34 sequentially from above.
When the chicken manure is burned for a certain period of time, the cut-out rotor 34 rotates at a certain angle (for example, 60 degrees) according to the time difference formula setting to drop the ash onto the ash hopper.
By rotating the cutting rotor, the ash can be scraped downward without disturbing the stacking relationship of each layer (ash layer, combustion layer, chicken manure layer), so that continuous and stable gasification is possible.
As described above, FIG. 13 shows the ash accumulation state diagram (when the cutting rotor is closed), and FIG. 14 shows the ash cutting state diagram (when the cutting rotor is open).

In order to achieve the function (3), the configuration is as follows.
The cutting screw conveyor 8 has a double-pipe structure (not shown) so that water for ash cooling can be passed through the inner pipe. Moreover, the screw is attached to the outer side of the double tube structure. When the ash is carried out of the gasification furnace, water is passed through the cutting screw conveyor 8 so that the unburned material does not ignite, and the ash is carried out after being sufficiently cooled down to about 60 ° C. A thermometer is attached to the ash outlet of the cutting screw conveyor 8, and when the outlet set temperature is exceeded, the screw stops and the ash temperature in the screw is designed to operate after waiting to reach the set temperature. .

(Operation during gasifier operation)
The operation in the gasifier during gasification will be described with reference to FIG.
As shown in FIG. 4, when the gasification furnace enters a steady operation, the poultry manure is sequentially divided into a dry layer, a carbonization layer, a gasification layer, a combustion layer, and an ash layer as shown in FIG. The temperature of each layer is 200 to 300 ° C for the dry layer, 300 to 500 ° C for the dry distillation layer, 500 to 800 ° C for the gasification layer, and 800 to 1000 ° C for the combustion layer in order from the top of the gasification furnace. The ash layer is about 600 ° C. The gasification reaction is continued by the air and water vapor supplied from the air nozzle.
The combustion layer is an oxidation zone of chicken dung, and the following reaction occurs.
[Chemical 1]
The following reactions occur in the oxidation zone.

(1) H ₂ + 1-1 / 2 O ₂ → H ₂ O
(2) C + O ₂ → CO ₂
(3) H ₂ + 1 / 2O ₂ → H ₂ O
(4) C + 1 / 2O ₂ → CO
Moreover, the gasification layer on the upper part is a reduction zone, and the following reaction occurs.

(5) C + H ₂ O → CO + H ₂
(6) N2 + 3H2 → 2NH ₃

Similarly, the following reaction occurs in the dry distillation layer.
(8) C _n H _m → CH ₄ + C ₂ H ₆ + ···· C _x H _y

(Operation at startup)
The operation at start-up of the gasifier is as follows.
First, ash is filled to the upper end of the air nozzle from an opening provided in the vicinity of the upper end of the air nozzle in the body of the gasification furnace. On top of this, fuel charcoal is charged in the vicinity of the burner 7D provided on the side wall of the body of the gasifier. For example, the burner may be provided at a height of about 300 mm above the upper end of the air nozzle. Wood chips may be spread instead of fuel charcoal. The cooling water is circulated through the cutting screw conveyor 8 for cooling to complete the preparation for the gasifier start-up. Immediately before the start-up of the gasifier, the reformer 9 and the burner 7D provided in the pyrolysis evaporator are ignited and heated up to a predetermined temperature, and in a standby state. To. After confirming the above operation, the burner of the gasification furnace is ignited and a mixture of air and water vapor is supplied from the air nozzle to promote redness of the fuel coal.
After confirming that the supplied fuel charcoal is sufficiently red hot with a thermometer provided in the combustion layer, the input screw conveyor 6 is operated to input chicken manure into the gasifier.
Check that the thermometer attached to the combustion layer in the gasification furnace has risen to a constant temperature and that it has reached a steady state.

(During steady operation of gasification)
The chicken manure is burned by the water vapor and air continuously supplied from the air nozzle 33 to become fuel gas and ash. When chicken dung is gasified into ash, its volume becomes about 1/10. As a result of gasification, when the level of chicken manure falls and becomes below the set level by the third detection device 29 interlocked with the making screw conveyor 6, the making screw conveyor 6 is operated and the chicken manure is put into the gasification furnace 7.
When the third detection device 29 detects the set level, the loading screw conveyor 6 stops.

(Configuration of gasifier)
The gasification furnace consists of a gasification furnace body 7 lined with a refractory material, an air nozzle 33 for supplying air and water vapor for combustion gasification of chicken manure, and ash generated as a result of continuous and stable combustion gasification of chicken manure Is continuously constituted by a continuous ash removing device (cutting rotor 34, ash hopper 35, cutting screw conveyor 8).

The gasification furnace main body 7 is lined with a refractory material for combustion gasification at a temperature of about 1000 ° C. In addition, in order to make it easy to cut out and carry out the ash generated as a result of combustion gasification, the ash layer does not have a refractory lining, and is radiated and cooled to the outside through the gasification furnace wall. Designed to be ° C.

As shown in FIGS. 6, 7, and 8, a total of 25 air nozzles 33 are cut out at the lower part of the gasification furnace and are arranged in the gasification furnace cross section at the upper part of the rotor.
As shown in FIG. 9, each air nozzle is composed of a pipe having a diameter of 42 mm, for example, and the top of the tip is welded with a conical lid at an angle of 60 °, so that ash does not accumulate on the tip, Designed so that the layer falls smoothly down.
Further, blowing holes are provided in four directions at an angle of 90 ° 65 to 70 mm below the top end of each air nozzle, and steam and air are supplied in a mixed state (at a high temperature) from the opening (hole). The temperature of the supplied air / water vapor mixed gas is about 180 to 210 ° C. on average.

(Operation of gasifier)
Next, the relationship between combustion (oxidation) and gasification (reduction) is as follows.
Combustion of the combustion layer is continued by air and water vapor continuously supplied from the air nozzle.
The oxygen supplied from the gasifier air nozzle consumes oxygen in the combustion layer, so the upper part of the combustion layer is mainly composed of carbon dioxide and nitrogen, which have a low oxygen concentration (1-2%), and nitrogen. Move to. At this time, the carbide (char) or soot that has been gasified is completely burned and ashed (oxidation reaction).
In the gasification layer, which is the upper layer of the combustion gas that has reached a high temperature in the combustion layer, the poultry manure is further thermally decomposed to start gasification (reduction reaction). At this time, the temperature of the combustion gas decreases due to the consumption of heat by pyrolysis.
The layer immediately above the gasification layer (dry distillation layer) is further thermally decomposed by the combustion gas that has passed through the gasification layer, and volatile components (tar content, etc.) are volatilized. (Reduction reaction) Here, heat is consumed, and the combustion gas temperature further decreases.
Finally, the chicken manure supplied from the upper part of the gasification furnace is dried by the combustion gas which has been deprived of heat and lowered to a certain temperature (200 to 300 ° C.). By this charging, chicken manure is burned (oxidized), gasified (reduced), becomes a dry distillation layer, and a dry layer is formed on it.

The pyrolysis gas obtained in the fixed bed gasification furnace of the present invention is composed of combustible gas components (including hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, non-combustible nitrogen and carbon dioxide), tar content (heavy oil content) It consists of char (unburned carbon particles, inorganic particles), but the above-mentioned pyrolysis temperature in the present invention is set to a higher temperature and lower air ratio than the conventional pyrolysis temperature, so gasification is promoted. There is an advantage that a relatively large amount of combustible matter is obtained.

A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 shows a state where the cutting rotor 34 and the ash hopper 35 provided at the lower part of the gasification furnace are observed from the lateral direction. The ash dropped on the ash hopper 35 due to the opening of the cutting rotor 34 is transferred to the ash storage container 38 by the unloading screw conveyor 37 by the action of the cutting screw conveyor cooled with cooling water as shown in FIG. Is done.

A third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. According to FIG. 6, the arrangement | positioning state of the air nozzle 33 in the gasification furnace of this invention is shown with a cross-sectional top view. That is, since the individual air nozzles 33 are arranged at an approximately equal distance from each other, combustion of the mixture of high-temperature air and water vapor into the chicken manure layer from the blowout holes 33A for the chicken manure filling the gasification furnace is performed. Performed smoothly.

FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view as seen from the AA direction in FIG. Similarly, FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view seen from the BB direction in FIG. The number and arrangement of the blowout holes 33A are not limited to those shown in FIGS.
FIG. 9 is a conceptual diagram showing a structure including the shape of the tip of the air nozzle 33 in the gasification furnace of the present invention. The head of the air nozzle 33 is configured at an acute angle of 60 degrees so that the ash falls smoothly in the gasification furnace. The air nozzle 33 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and the blowing holes 33A are provided at equal intervals on the outer wall of the air nozzle 33, thereby efficiently disposing the air nozzle in the gasifier and heat propagation.

FIGS. 10-14 demonstrates the structure of the cutting-out rotor 34, an installation state, and opening and closing. FIG. 10 is a layout view of the cutting rotor (during ash accumulation) in the gasification furnace of the present invention as viewed from above. The description of FIG. 10 is a diagram in a state similar to that of FIG.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the cutting rotor rotation shaft. The plate-like rotating body 34C of the cutting rotor, which is arranged in contact with each other at the same height in a horizontal row in the gasification furnace, is attached to a shaft peripheral portion 34B provided on the rotating shaft center 34A.

FIG. 12 is a perspective view of the cutout rotor 34 in FIG. 10 as seen from the longitudinal direction, and the cutout rotor 34 is rotatable.

FIG. 13 is a rotor closing diagram showing a state of the cutting rotor 34 shown in FIG. 10 when the ash is cut out in the gasification furnace (when the rotor is closed).

FIG. 14 is a state diagram when the cutting rotor 34 is opened. In this state, the ash passes through the gap of the cutting rotor 34 and falls into the ash hopper 35, that is, the ash receiving chamber 7B. By closing the cutting rotor 34, more specifically, the plate-like rotating body of the cutting rotor, the gasification furnace 7 has a combustion gasification chamber 7A and an ash hopper 35, that is, an ash receiving chamber 7B.
Divided into two. That is, as a whole, the cutting rotor 34 performs two types of functions: (1) bisecting the furnace and (2) ash retention and ash dropping.

As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, the amount of heat generated by the fuel is small, and moisture and ash are also efficiently produced from the combustible gas obtained from the process of dry sizing treatment and pyrolysis gasification treatment for dehydrating the moisture. An apparatus for producing poultry manure fuel gas that can be recovered automatically is provided. Furthermore, it aims at supplying refined gas to a generator as fuel gas. Eventually, biomass resources will be utilized through the effective use of livestock waste, and will be used in related industries.

1 is a system flow diagram according to one embodiment of the present invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the relationship between the supply part of the fuel gas manufacturing apparatus shown in FIG. 1 of this invention, an injection | throwing-in part, and a gasification furnace. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the whole structure of the fuel gas manufacturing apparatus shown in FIG. 2 of this invention. FIG. 4 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing an internal structure of the gasification furnace shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 according to the present invention. It is the state figure which shows the state which looked at the ash hopper part of the gasification furnace lower part shown in FIG. 4 of this invention from the horizontal direction, and the attachment state of a carrying-out screw. It is a cross-sectional top view which shows the arrangement | positioning state of the air nozzle in the gasification furnace of this invention. It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view seen from the AA direction in FIG. It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view seen from the BB direction in FIG. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the structure including the front-end | tip part of the air nozzle in the gasification furnace of this invention. It is the layout which looked at the cutting rotor (at the time of ash accumulation | storage) in the gasification furnace of this invention from the upper direction. It is sectional drawing in the gasification furnace of the cutting rotor rotating shaft in FIG. It is a longitudinal direction perspective view of the cutting-out rotor in FIG. It is a cut-out rotor closed state figure which shows the state at the time of ash accumulation | storage in the gasification furnace of the cut-out rotor in FIG. It is a rotor open state figure which shows the state at the time of ash cutting-out (at the time of a rotor closing) in the gasification furnace of the cutting-out rotor in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1 Chicken manure 2 Chicken manure dryer 3 Granulator
4 Chicken dung supply conveyor 5 Chicken dung receiving port 50 Chicken dung continuous supply device 51 Supply unit 52 Input unit 6 Input screw conveyor 7 Gasification furnace 7A Gasification chamber 7B Ash receiving chamber 7C Chicken dung ash removal device 7D Burner 8 Cutting screw conveyor 9 Reforming furnace 10 High-temperature gas filter 11 Reformed gas cooler 12 Wet scrubber 13 Reformed gas condenser 14 Activated carbon adsorption tower 15 Blower 16 Combustion gas engine 17 Generator 18 BDF
19 Pyrolysis Evaporator 20 Reformed Air Preheater 21 Exhaust Gas Cooler 22 Exhaust Gas Filter 23 Exhaust Gas 24 25 26 Chamber 27 28 29 30 Detector 31 32 Damper 33 Air Nozzle
33A Blowout hole 34 Cutting rotor 34A Rotating shaft center 34B Shaft peripheral portion 34C Plate-shaped rotating body 34D Rotating shaft 35 Ash hopper 36 Ash outlet 37 Residue storage container 38 Ash storage container U Drying layer V Dry distillation layer X Combustion layer W Gas Chemical layer Y Ash layer (before cutting)
Z ash layer (after cutting)

Claims (9)

In the poultry manure fuel gas production device consisting of the poultry manure continuous supply device and the gasifier,
The chicken manure continuous supply device includes a chicken manure supply conveyor 4, a supply unit 51, and a charging unit 52, and the gasification furnace includes a gasification furnace body 7, an air nozzle 33, a cutting rotor 34, and a cutting screw conveyor 8. An apparatus for producing chicken manure fuel gas, comprising:     The supply unit 51 includes a first chamber 24 including a first damper 31 and a first detection device 27, and a second chamber 25 connected to the first chamber 24 and including a second damper 32. The chicken manure fuel gas production apparatus according to claim 1, comprising a third chamber 26 connected to the second chamber 25 and provided with a second detection device 28, and a loading screw conveyor 6.     The chicken manure supply conveyor 4 is provided so as to be interlocked with the first chamber 24 and the first detection device 27, and the second detection device 28 is provided so as to be interlocked with the first detection device 27, and The chicken dung fuel gas production apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first detection device 27 and the second detection device 28 are provided so as to operate independently of each other.     The opening and closing of the first damper 31 is interlocked with the first detection device 27, and the start or stop of the charging screw conveyor 8 is interlocked with the second detection device 28, and the opening and closing of the second damper 32 is controlled with the second chamber 25. The apparatus for producing chicken manure fuel gas according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein sensing is performed in conjunction with an increase or decrease in the amount of chicken manure or the height level.     A plurality of air nozzles 33 are provided inside the gasification furnace 7 having an inlet, a gas outlet, and an ash outlet, and a plurality of cutting rotors 34 provided below the air nozzles 33 in the gasification furnace. The chicken manure fuel gas manufacturing apparatus of Claim 1 which has the gasification furnace 7 provided with the cutting screw conveyor 8 provided in the gasification furnace bottom part.     The entire air nozzle 33 is formed in a vertical cylindrical shape, and a plurality of blowing holes 33A are provided in the upper portion of the air nozzle, and the top of the air nozzle is formed in an inverted conical shape having an inclination angle of approximately 60 °. The chicken manure fuel gas production apparatus according to claim 1 or 5. A plurality of cutting rotors 34 each including a rotation axis 34A and a plurality of rotation plate-like bodies 34C attached to a shaft peripheral portion 34B surrounding the rotation axis 34A are provided. The body 34C is mounted in the gasification furnace so as to be in close contact with each other in a horizontal manner, and the plurality of adjacent cutting rotors 34 receive and accommodate from the dry layer to the ash layer during ash accumulation and cut out. The ash is dropped and accommodated in the ash hopper 35 at the bottom of the gasification furnace 7 when the ash is cut out by opening the rotor 34.
Or the chicken manure fuel gas manufacturing apparatus of 5. The apparatus for producing poultry manure fuel gas according to claim 1, comprising a cutting rotor, an ash hopper 35, and a cutting screw conveyor 8. 2. The chicken manure fuel gas production apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the gasification furnace includes a cutting rotor 34, an ash hopper 35, and a cutting screw conveyor 8 at a lower portion thereof.

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