JP2010065012A - New compound, method for producing the same and new polymer obtained by using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a new polymer having high dissolvability, excellent in processability and suitable as an electroconductive material or electrochromic material, and a new compound which is a raw material of the same. <P>SOLUTION: This polymer has a structural unit expressed by general formula (3) [wherein, R<SP>1</SP>to R<SP>6</SP>are each independently H or 1-20C hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent; and (n) is an integer of ≥2]. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a novel compound having a thiophene skeleton, a method for producing the same, and a novel polymer obtained using the same.

  Since a polymer obtained by polymerizing a compound having a five-membered ring structure containing a heteroatom such as pyrrole, thiophene, aniline or a compound having an aromatic ring structure is suitable as a conductive material, research has been actively conducted in recent years. Yes. In general, the conductivity of these polymers can be controlled freely by changing the amount of doping, so use in various electrodes, various sensors, primary batteries, secondary batteries, solid electrolytic capacitors, antistatic agents, etc. Has been. In addition, it is known that a π-conjugated polymer having redox activity is essentially electrochromic and can be used as an electrochromic material because different color states can be switched electrochemically or chemically. It has been.

  Among them, poly (3,4-alkylenedioxythiophene) derivatives are known to have high conductivity and excellent coloring efficiency and high-speed switching ability. 4-Alkylenedioxythiophene) derivatives have been reported (Non-patent Document 1). However, the solubility of the resulting poly (3,4-alkylenedioxythiophene) derivative is not so high and operations such as film formation are difficult, and improvements have been desired.

L. Groenendaal et al., Electrochemistry of Poly (3,4-alkylenedioxythiophene) Derivatives, Advanced Materials 2003, Vol. 15, No. 11, p.855-879

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and provides a novel polymer suitable as a conductive material or an electrochromic material, and a novel compound as a raw material thereof, while having high solubility and excellent workability. It is for the purpose.

The above problem is solved by providing 3- (4-alkoxy-thiophen-3-yl) -propan-1-ol represented by the following general formula (1).
[Wherein R ¹ , R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ and R ⁶ are each independently a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, R ⁷ is a C 1-10 alkyl group which may have a substituent. ]

Moreover, the said subject is also solved by providing the 3, 4- dihydro-2H-thieno [3,4-b] pyran shown by following General formula (2).
[Wherein R ¹ , R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ and R ⁶ are each independently a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent. ]

Furthermore, the said subject is solved also by providing the polymer which has a structural unit shown by following General formula (3).
[Wherein R ¹ , R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ and R ⁶ are each independently a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, n is an integer of 2 or more. ]

Moreover, the said subject is solved also by providing the polymer which has a structural unit shown by following General formula (4).
[Wherein R ¹ , R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ and R ⁶ are each independently a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, p + q = 1, 0 <p <1, 0 <q <1, and Y ⁻ is an anion. ]

  In this case, an electrochromic material comprising a polymer having a structural unit represented by the general formula (3) or a polymer having a structural unit represented by the general formula (4) is a preferred embodiment, and the general formula (4) A conductive material comprising a polymer having a structural unit represented by is also a preferred embodiment.

Moreover, the said subject is the following general formula (1):
[Wherein R ¹ , R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ and R ⁶ are each independently a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, R ⁷ is a C 1-10 alkyl group which may have a substituent. ]
The following general formula (2): 3- (4-alkoxy-thiophen-3-yl) -propan-1-ol represented by the following formula:
[Wherein R ¹ , R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ and R ⁶ have the same meanings as described above. ]
It is solved by providing a method for producing 3,4-dihydro-2H-thieno [3,4-b] pyran represented by:

Moreover, the said subject is the following general formula (5):
[Wherein, R ⁷ represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, and X represents a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or an iodine atom. ]
And a compound represented by the following formula (6):
[Wherein R ¹ , R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ and R ⁶ are each independently a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent. ]
The following general formula (1) is reacted with an oxetane derivative represented by:
[Wherein, R ¹ , R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ , R ⁶ and R ⁷ have the same meanings as described above. ]
It is also solved by providing a method for producing 3- (4-alkoxy-thiophen-3-yl) -propan-1-ol represented by

  According to the present invention, a novel compound and a novel polymer obtained by using the novel compound can be provided. The polymer thus obtained is suitable as a conductive material or an electrochromic material because it has high solubility and excellent workability, and has good conductivity and excellent electrochromism.

  According to the present invention, 3- (4-alkoxy-thiophen-3-yl) -propan-1-ol represented by the general formula (1), 3,4-dihydro-2H- represented by the general formula (2) Thieno [3,4-b] pyran, and a polymer represented by the general formula (3) and a polymer represented by the general formula (4) obtained by using this can be provided. These compounds are all novel compounds. Details will be described below.

[Wherein R ¹ , R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ and R ⁶ are each independently a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, R ⁷ is a C 1-10 alkyl group which may have a substituent. ]

[Wherein R ¹ , R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ and R ⁶ are each independently a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent. ]

[Wherein R ¹ , R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ and R ⁶ are each independently a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, n is an integer of 2 or more. ]

[Wherein R ¹ , R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ and R ⁶ are each independently a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, p + q = 1, 0 <p <1, 0 <q <1, and Y ⁻ is an anion. ]

In the general formulas (1), (2), (3) and (4), R ¹ , R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ and R ⁶ each independently have a hydrogen atom or a substituent. R ⁷ is an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and Y ⁻ is an anion.

  The hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent may have, for example, an alkyl group which may have a substituent, an alkenyl group which may have a substituent, or a substituent. Examples thereof include a good aryl group and an optionally substituted cycloalkyl group.

The alkyl group which may have a substituent may be linear or branched. Examples of the alkyl group include methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, sec-butyl group, tert-butyl group, n-pentyl group, isopentyl group, neopentyl group, A tert-pentyl group, n-hexyl group, isohexyl group, 2-ethylhexyl group, n-heptyl group, n-octyl group, n-nonyl group, n-decyl group and the like can be mentioned. Among these, in consideration of the reaction rate when the intramolecular cyclization reaction in Step 2 described below is taken into consideration, it is preferable that at least one of R ¹ or R ² is a hydrogen atom, and both R ¹ and R ² are hydrogen atoms. More preferably. That is, 3- (4-alkoxy-thiophen-3-yl) -propan-1-ol represented by the general formula (1) is preferably a primary alcohol or a secondary alcohol, More preferably.

R ⁷ is an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, and those having 1 to 10 carbon atoms among those mentioned above can be used. In view of the reaction rate when the intramolecular cyclization reaction in Step 2 described below is taken into consideration, R ⁷ is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, specifically, A methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, and an n-butyl group are preferable.

  The alkenyl group which may have a substituent may be linear or branched. Examples of the alkenyl group include a vinyl group, an allyl group, a methylvinyl group, a propenyl group, a butenyl group, a pentenyl group, a hexenyl group, a cyclopropenyl group, a cyclobutenyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, and a cyclohexenyl group.

  Examples of the aryl group that may have a substituent include a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthryl group, and a phenanthryl group.

  Examples of the cycloalkyl group which may have a substituent include a cyclopropyl group, a cyclobutyl group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptanyl group, a cyclooctanyl group, a cyclononanyl group, a cyclodecanyl group, a cycloundecanyl group, and a cyclohexane group. A dodecanyl group etc. are mentioned.

Y < ^- > is an anion and functions as a dopant. Specific examples of Y ⁻ include halogenated anions of Group 5B elements such as PF ₆ ⁻ , SbF ₆ ⁻ and AsF ₆ ⁻ , halogenated anions of Group 3B elements such as BF ₄ ⁻ , I ⁻ (I ₃ ⁻ ), Halogen anions such as Br ⁻ and Cl ⁻ , halogen acid anions such as ClO ₄ ⁻ , metal halide anions such as AlCl ₄ ⁻ , FeCl ₄ ⁻ and SnCl ₅ ⁻ , nitrate anions represented by NO ₃ ⁻ , SO ₄ ²⁻ Sulfuric acid anions, p-toluenesulfonic acid anions, naphthalenesulfonic acid anions, organic sulfonic acid anions such as CH ₃ SO ₃ ⁻ and CF ₃ SO ₃ ^— , and carboxylic acids such as CF ₃ COO ⁻ and C ₆ H ₅ COO ⁻ Examples thereof include a modified polymer having an anion and the above-mentioned anionic species in the main chain or side chain. These anions may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Further, the method for adding an anion is not particularly limited. For example, a desired anion may be appropriately added after polymerization, or when an anion derived from an oxidizing agent to be used is used as it is when polymerized by chemical oxidative polymerization. Can do. Moreover, when making it superpose | polymerize by electrolytic polymerization, the anion derived from electrolyte can be used as it is.

  In the present invention, as a method for obtaining 3- (4-alkoxy-thiophen-3-yl) -propan-1-ol represented by the general formula (1), the step 1 represented by the following chemical reaction formula (I) is used. Thus, the method of synthesizing from the compound represented by the general formula (5) is preferable.

[Wherein R ¹ , R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ , R ⁶ and R ⁷ have the same meanings as in the general formulas (1) to (4), and X represents a chlorine atom, bromine An atom or an iodine atom. ]

  Step 1 represented by the chemical reaction formula (I) is a step of reacting the compound represented by the general formula (5) with an organolithium compound and then reacting the oxetane derivative represented by the following general formula (6). .

[Wherein, R ¹ , R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ and R ⁶ have the same meanings as in the general formulas (1) to (4). ]

As a preferred embodiment of the above step 1, for example, an organolithium compound is dropped in the presence of a solvent in an inert gas atmosphere such as nitrogen or argon, and then boron trifluoride etherate (BF ₃ ) is added as necessary. was added -et 2 _O), etc., then it includes a method of reacting an oxetane derivative.

  The reaction in step 1 is preferably performed in the presence of a solvent. Examples of such solvents include saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons such as pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, nonane, decane, and cyclohexane; aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, propylbenzene, xylene, and ethyltoluene; dimethyl ether, Examples include ethyl methyl ether, diethyl ether, dipropyl ether, butyl methyl ether, t-butyl methyl ether, dibutyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane and the like. Among these, ether is preferably used, and specifically, diethyl ether or tetrahydrofuran is preferably used. A solvent may be used independently and may use 2 or more types together. The amount of the solvent used is preferably 1 to 100 parts by mass and more preferably 1 to 50 parts by mass with respect to 1 part by mass of the compound represented by the general formula (5).

  Examples of the organic lithium compound used in Step 1 include alkyllithium compounds such as methyllithium, n-butyllithium, sec-butyllithium, and tert-butyllithium; aryllithium compounds such as phenyllithium; alkenyl such as vinyllithium. Lithium compounds; lithium amide compounds such as lithium diisopropylamide and lithium bistrimethylsilylamide are used. Among these, it is preferable to use an alkyl lithium compound. It does not specifically limit about the usage-amount of an organolithium compound, It is preferable that it is 0.5-5 mol with respect to 1 mol of compounds shown by General formula (5). When the usage-amount of an organolithium compound exceeds 5 mol, there exists a possibility of promoting a side reaction or decomposition | disassembly of a product, and it is more preferable that it is 2 mol or less.

  In the said process 1, it does not specifically limit about the reaction temperature at the time of making the compound and organolithium compound which are shown by General formula (5) react, It is preferable that it is the range of -100-100 degreeC. When reaction temperature is less than -100 degreeC, there exists a possibility that reaction rate may become very slow, and it is more preferable that it is -80 degreeC or more. On the other hand, when reaction temperature exceeds 100 degreeC, there exists a possibility of accelerating | stimulating decomposition | disassembly of a product, It is more preferable that it is 50 degrees C or less, and it is still more preferable that it is 0 degrees C or less. The reaction time is preferably 1 minute to 20 hours, and more preferably 0.5 to 5 hours. The reaction pressure is preferably 0 to 3 MPa (gauge pressure).

  In Step 1 represented by the chemical reaction formula (I), the oxetane derivative represented by the following general formula (6) is reacted with the compound represented by the general formula (5) and the organolithium compound as described above. This is a reaction step.

[Wherein, R ¹ , R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ and R ⁶ have the same meanings as in the general formulas (1) to (4). ]

As R ¹ , R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ and R ⁶ in the oxetane derivative represented by the general formula (6), the same ones as described above can be used. Among them, in consideration of the reaction speed in the reaction intramolecular cyclization in the step 2 described later, it is preferable that at least one of R ¹ or R ² is a hydrogen atom, both R ¹ and R ² are hydrogen atoms It is more preferable.

  In the said process 1, the usage-amount of an oxetane derivative is not specifically limited, It is preferable to use in 0.5-5 mol with respect to 1 mol of compounds shown by General formula (5). When the amount of the oxetane derivative used is less than 0.5 mol, the reaction does not proceed sufficiently, so that the compound represented by the general formula (5) as a raw material is separated from the compound represented by the general formula (1) as a product. Purification may be complicated, and the amount is more preferably 0.7 mol or more. On the other hand, when the amount of the oxetane derivative used exceeds 5 mol, the separation and purification between the surplus oxetane derivative and the compound represented by the general formula (1) may be complicated, and the amount is 3 mol or less. Is more preferable, and it is still more preferable that it is 1.5 mol or less.

  In the above step 1, the reaction temperature at the time of reacting with the oxetane derivative is not particularly limited, and a reaction temperature similar to the reaction temperature at the time of reacting the compound represented by the general formula (5) with the organolithium compound is preferable. Adopted. That is, the reaction temperature is preferably in the range of −100 to 100 ° C. When reaction temperature is less than -100 degreeC, there exists a possibility that reaction rate may become very slow, and it is more preferable that it is -80 degreeC or more. On the other hand, when reaction temperature exceeds 100 degreeC, there exists a possibility of accelerating | stimulating decomposition | disassembly of a product, It is more preferable that it is 50 degrees C or less, and it is still more preferable that it is 0 degrees C or less. The reaction time is preferably 0.5 to 30 hours. The reaction pressure is preferably 0 to 3 MPa (gauge pressure).

Moreover, in the said process 1, in order to advance reaction smoothly, you may add an additive. The additive is preferably added after the oxetane derivative is added. Examples of such additives include boron trifluoride etherate (BF ₃ -Et ₂ O), aluminum triisopropoxide (Al (O-iPr) ₃ ), and among them, boron trifluoride etherate is preferable. The amount used is preferably 0.1 to 10 mol per 1 mol of the oxetane derivative. When the usage-amount of boron trifluoride etherate is less than 0.1 mol, there exists a possibility that the effect which advances reaction smoothly may not be acquired, and it is more preferable that it is 0.5 mol or more. When the amount of boron trifluoride etherate used exceeds 10 mol, decomposition of the product may be accelerated, and the amount is preferably 5 mol or less, and more preferably 2 mol or less.

  In the present invention, the solvent can be distilled off from the reaction mixture obtained in the above step 1, and the resulting residue can be used in step 2 as it is. Furthermore, high-purity 3- (4-alkoxy-thiophen-3-yl) -propan-1-ol was obtained by recrystallization or column chromatography as necessary. It can also be used in step 2.

  Subsequently, using 3- (4-alkoxy-thiophen-3-yl) -propan-1-ol represented by the general formula (1) obtained in the above step 1 as a starting compound, the following chemical reaction formula (II) As shown in Step 2, the intramolecular cyclization reaction is performed in the presence of an acid to obtain 3,4-dihydro-2H-thieno [3,4-b] pyran represented by the general formula (2).

[Wherein R ¹ , R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ , R ⁶ and R ⁷ have the same meanings as those in the general formulas (1) to (4). ]

  As a preferred embodiment of the above step 2, for example, 3- (4-alkoxy-thiophen-3-yl) -propane-1-under an inert gas atmosphere such as nitrogen or argon in the presence of a solvent and an acid. The method of making oar react is mentioned.

  The reaction in step 2 is preferably performed in the presence of a solvent. Examples of such solvents include saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons such as pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, nonane, decane, and cyclohexane; aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, propylbenzene, xylene, and ethyltoluene; Ethers such as tetrahydrofuran, diisopropyl ether, dioxane, dimethoxyethane, dibutyl ether; nitriles such as acetonitrile, propionitrile, benzonitrile; methylene chloride, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, 1,2-dichloroethane, 1,1-dichloroethane, trichloroethane And chlorobenzene. Among these, aromatic hydrocarbons are preferably used, and specifically, toluene and xylene are preferably used. A solvent may be used independently and may use 2 or more types together. It is preferable that the usage-amount of this solvent is the range of 1-100 mass parts with respect to 1 mass part of compounds (1).

  The acid used in the step 2 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, polyphosphoric acid, sodium hydrogen sulfate, potassium hydrogen sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium hydrogen sulfite, potassium hydrogen sulfite, and phosphotungsten. Acids, inorganic acids such as phosphomolybdic acid, silicotungstic acid, silicomolybdic acid or salts thereof; sulfonic acids such as methanesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid; acetic acid, propionic acid, benzoic acid, terephthalic acid, etc. A solid acid such as silica, alumina, silica-alumina, titania, silica-titania, niobium oxide; an acidic ion exchange resin such as a sulfonic acid ion exchange resin or a carboxylic acid ion exchange resin. Among these, in view of reaction temperature, operability, economics of the catalyst, etc., at least one selected from the group consisting of inorganic acids or salts thereof and sulfonic acids is preferably used. At least one selected from the group consisting of potassium hydrogen sulfate, sodium hydrogen sulfate and p-toluenesulfonic acid is more preferably used. The amount of the acid used is preferably 0.001 to 100 mol% with respect to 3- (4-alkoxy-thiophen-3-yl) -propan-1-ol represented by the general formula (1). Considering the efficiency of the reaction, it is more preferably 0.1 to 50 mol%.

  In the above step 2, the reaction temperature for the intramolecular cyclization reaction is not particularly limited and is preferably 0 to 150 ° C. When reaction temperature is less than 0 degreeC, there exists a possibility that reaction rate may become very slow, and it is more preferable that it is 20 degreeC or more. On the other hand, when reaction temperature exceeds 150 degreeC, there exists a possibility of promoting decomposition | disassembly of a product, and it is more preferable that it is 120 degrees C or less. The reaction time is usually 1 to 30 hours, and the reaction pressure is usually 0 to 3 MPa (gauge pressure).

  The solvent can be distilled off from the reaction mixture obtained in the above step 2, and the obtained residue can be used for the polymerization reaction as it is. Furthermore, high-purity 3,4-dihydro-2H-thieno [3,4-b] pyran represented by the general formula (2) can be obtained by recrystallization or column chromatography as necessary. .

  Subsequently, from 3,4-dihydro-2H-thieno [3,4-b] pyran represented by the general formula (2) obtained by the above step 2, the step 3 represented by the following chemical reaction formula (III) Thus, a polymer represented by the general formula (4) is obtained.

[Wherein R ¹ , R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ , R ⁶ and R ⁷ have the same meanings as in the general formulas (1) to (4), and p + q = 1, 0 <p <1, 0 <q <1, and Y ⁻ is an anion. ]

Step 3 is a step of obtaining a polymer represented by the general formula (4) from the monomer compound represented by the general formula (2) by a polymerization reaction. The polymer represented by the general formula (4) represents a doped state, and thus has conductivity. Further, Y ⁻ which is an anion functions as a dopant. On the other hand, the dedope neutral polymer obtained in step 4 described later functions as an insulator. Here, the doped state in the present invention refers to a state in which the main chain of the polymer is positively charged, and the undoped state refers to a state in which the charge of the main chain of the polymer is neutral. Say. Further, the polymer represented by the general formula (4) and the polymer represented by the general formula (3) obtained in the step 4 described later show a head-to-tail type bonded state. The polymer obtained by the invention is not limited to this, and may include a tail-to-tail type or head-to-head type bond. The present inventors have confirmed that the bonding state of the polymer obtained by ¹ H-NMR measurement is random.

Although it does not specifically limit as a polymerization reaction of the said process 3, A suitable polymerization reaction is chemical oxidative polymerization or electrolytic polymerization. As chemical oxidative polymerization, a method in which a polymer is obtained by dehydrogenation from a monomer compound using an oxidizing agent is suitably employed. At this time, Y ⁻ which is an anion derived from the oxidizing agent functions as a dopant. As Y ⁻ , those mentioned above are preferably used.

Although it does not specifically limit as an oxidizing agent used by chemical oxidative polymerization, It is preferable that it is a transition metal salt. Examples of the transition metal salt include ferric chloride (FeCl ₃ ), ferric sulfate (Fe ₂ (SO ₄ ) ₃ ), alkoxybenzene sulfonate iron having 1 to 16 carbon atoms, and alkylbenzene having 1 to 16 carbon atoms. Iron sulfonate, iron naphthalene sulfonate, iron phenol sulfonate, iron disulfoisophthalate dialkyl ester, iron alkyl sulfonate, iron naphthalene sulfonate, iron alkoxy naphthalene sulfonate, iron tetralin sulfonate, tetralin sulfone having 1 to 12 carbon atoms Ferric salts such as ferric acid, and cerium (IV) salts, copper (II) salts, manganese (VII) salts, ruthenium (III) salts instead of the iron (III) salts of these compounds, etc. Can be used. Among these, iron (III) salts are preferably used.

  In the above step 3, when polymerizing by electrolytic polymerization, an electrolytic solution in which a monomer as a polymerization raw material is dissolved is prepared, and an anodized polymer is obtained by applying a voltage between the electrodes through the electrolytic solution. The method obtained on the anode is preferably employed. Examples of the solvent used in the electrolytic solution include nitromethane, acetonitrile, propylene carbonate, nitrobenzene, cyanobenzene, o-dichlorobenzene, dimethyl sulfoxide, and γ-butyrolactone. The supporting electrolyte used in the electrolytic solution is a cation such as lithium ion, potassium ion, sodium ion or other alkali metal ions or quaternary ammonium ion, perchlorate ion, boron tetrafluoride ion, phosphorus hexafluoride ion, halogen atom ion, It is preferable to add a supporting salt made of a combination of anions such as arsenic hexafluoride ion, antimony hexafluoride ion, sulfate ion and hydrogen sulfate ion. As the electrolytic solution, an ionic liquid such as an alkyl imidazolium salt or an alkyl pyridinium salt can also be used. Platinum, gold, nickel, ITO or the like can be used as the electrode material.

  The polymer represented by the general formula (4) obtained by the above step 3 is further reduced by using an alkaline solution such as ammonia or hydrazine as in the step 4 represented by the following chemical reaction formula (IV). A dedope polymer represented by the following general formula (3) can also be obtained.

[Wherein R ¹ , R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ , R ⁶ and R ⁷ have the same meanings as in the general formulas (1) to (4), and p + q = 1, 0 <p <1, 0 <q <1, Y ⁻ is an anion, and n is an integer of 2 or more. ]

  Here, the number average molecular weight (Mn) of the polymer represented by the general formula (4) and the general formula (3) is usually 250 to 1,000,000, and the weight average molecular weight (Mw) is Usually, it is 250-1,000,000.

  Since the novel polymer of the present invention represented by the above general formula (4) and the above general formula (3) has high planarity, it has characteristics such as high self-assembly and precise layer structure. Both have high solubility in a solvent, and particularly have high solubility and excellent workability compared to poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT). Therefore, for example, suitable for conductive materials, electrochromic materials, photoelectric conversion materials, electroluminescence materials, nonlinear optical materials, field effect transistor materials, RF-ID materials, memory materials, sensor materials, conductive print pastes, inkjet paints, etc. Among them, it is more preferably used as a conductive material or an electrochromic material.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples.

Example 1
[Synthesis of 3- (4-alkoxy-thiophen-3-yl) -propan-1-ol represented by the formula (1a)]
To a 50 ml three-necked flask equipped with a thermometer and a dropping funnel, 580 mg (3.09 mmol) of 3-bromo-4-methoxythiophene and 20 ml of tetrahydrofuran were added, and the inside of the system was purged with nitrogen and cooled to -78 ° C. did. To this reaction mixture, 2 ml (3.2 mmol) of a 1.6M hexane solution of n-butyllithium was added so as to keep the internal temperature at −70 ° C. or lower, and then stirred at −78 ° C. for 45 minutes. Next, 196 mg (3.37 mmol) of oxetane was added, and then a solution obtained by diluting 460 mg (3.24 mmol) of boron trifluoride etherate (BF ₃ -Et ₂ O) complex with 10 ml of tetrahydrofuran was added dropwise. After completion of dropping, the mixture was further stirred at −78 ° C. for 6 hours. After completion of the reaction, 10 ml of saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate was added, the organic layer and the aqueous layer were separated, and the aqueous layer was extracted three times with 10 ml of ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a crude product. The crude product was purified by silica gel column chromatography to give 399 mg (2.32 mmol, isolated yield 75) of 3- (4-methoxy-thiophen-3-yl) -propan-1-ol having the following physical properties. %). The chemical reaction formula is shown below.

The NMR data of 3- (4-alkoxy-thiophen-3-yl) -propan-1-ol represented by the formula (1a) was as follows.
¹ H-NMR (270 MHz, CDCl 3, TMS) δ: 6.87 (d, 1H, J = 3.1 Hz), 6.20 (d, 1H, J = 3.3 Hz), 3.82 (s, 3H ), 3.63 (t, 2H, J = 6.3 Hz), 2.60 (t, 2H, J = 7.3 Hz), 2.16 (s, 1H), 1.85 (pentet, 2H, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.80 (s, 1H);
¹³ C-NMR (67.8 MHz, CDCl 3, TMS) δ: 156.42, 132.59, 119.92, 96.04, 61.86, 57.21, 32.12, 23.33

(Example 2)
[Synthesis of 3,4-dihydro-2H-thieno [3,4-b] pyran represented by the formula (2a)]
In a three-necked flask having an internal volume of 50 ml equipped with a thermometer and a dropping funnel, 212 mg (1.23 mmol) of 3- (4-methoxy-thiophen-3-yl) -propan-1-ol represented by the formula (1a) and toluene 20 ml was added. Next, 30 mg of sodium hydrogen sulfate was added, and the system was purged with nitrogen, followed by heating and stirring at 100 ° C. for 5 hours. After completion of the reaction, 10 ml of water was added. The organic layer and the aqueous layer were separated, and the aqueous layer was extracted with 10 ml of diethyl ether. The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a crude product. By purifying the crude product by silica gel column chromatography, 124 mg (0.88 mmol, 3,4-dihydro-2H-thieno [3,4-b] pyran represented by the formula (2a) having the following physical properties was obtained. An isolated yield of 72% was obtained. The chemical reaction formula is shown below.

The NMR data of 3,4-dihydro-2H-thieno [3,4-b] pyran represented by the formula (2a) was as follows.
¹ H-NMR (270 MHz, CDCl ₃ , TMS) δ: 6.82 (d, 1H, J = 3.5 Hz), 6.29 (d, 1H, J = 3.5 Hz), 4.14 (t, 2H, J = 5.3 Hz), 2.75 (t, 2H, J = 6.2 Hz), 1.93 (m, 2H)
¹³ C-NMR (67.8 MHz, CDCl ₃ , TMS) δ: 152.23, 125.96, 99.18, 67.44, 23.06, 22.41

(Example 3)
[Synthesis of polymer represented by formula (4a) and polymer represented by formula (3a) (chemical oxidation polymerization)]
In a three-necked flask with an internal volume of 50 ml equipped with a thermometer, 130 mg (0.93 mmol) of 3,4-dihydro-2H-thieno [3,4-b] pyran represented by the formula (2a), 10 ml of chloroform and iron trichloride 1.05 g (6.47 mmol) of (FeCl ₃ ) was added and stirred at room temperature for 24 hours. After completion of the reaction, the reaction mixture was transferred to a large amount of methanol, the produced precipitate was filtered off, and the filtered product was further washed with methanol to obtain a polymer represented by the following formula (4a). The polymer represented by the formula (4a) is reduced with hydrazine monohydrate to obtain 80 mg of a dark red powdery product (isolated yield) represented by the following formula (3a). : 62%). The number average molecular weight (Mn) of the obtained polymer represented by the following formula (3a) was 810, and the weight average molecular weight (Mw) was 2450. The chemical reaction formula is shown below, and the ¹ H-NMR chart is shown in FIG.

Example 4
[Synthesis of polymer represented by formula (4b) (electrolytic polymerization)]
0.1M perchlorine was placed in an electrolytic cell with an ITO film-coated glass plate (surface resistance: 10Ω / □) as the anode, platinum wire as the cathode, and silver / silver perchlorate (0.1M acetonitrile solution) as the reference electrode. 10 mL of lithium acid / acetonitrile solution was added, and 14 mg (0.1 mmol) of 3,4-dihydro-2H-thieno [3,4-b] pyran was dissolved to perform nitrogen substitution. A potentiostat / galvanostat HAB-151 manufactured by Hokuto Denko Co., Ltd. was connected to each electrode of this electrolytic cell. When a voltage was applied at a constant potential of 0.9 V in the potentiostat mode and electrolytic polymerization was performed, a film-like black polymer represented by the following formula (4b) was formed on the anode. The chemical reaction formula is shown below. The formed film was washed with dehydrated acetonitrile and then dried, and the conductivity was measured by a four-terminal method. As a result, it was 130 S / cm. From this result, it was found that the polymer of the present invention represented by the formula (4b) is an excellent conductive material. The film formed at this time was subjected to cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurement, and the UV-visible absorption spectrum was measured while changing the applied voltage in a 0.1M lithium perchlorate / acetonitrile solution without monomer. In the doped state, a new absorption peak appeared on the long wavelength side, and a change from red to dark blue was confirmed even with the naked eye. The results of CV measurement and UV-visible absorption spectrum measurement are shown in FIGS. From this result, it was found that the polymer of the present invention represented by the formula (4b) is an excellent electrochromic material.

2 is a ¹ H-NMR chart of a polymer represented by formula (3a) obtained in Example 3. FIG. 4 is a cyclic voltammogram of the polymer represented by the formula (4b) obtained in Example 4. FIG. 4 is an ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum of the polymer represented by the formula (4b) obtained in Example 4.

Claims (8)

3- (4-alkoxy-thiophen-3-yl) -propan-1-ol represented by the following general formula (1).
[Wherein R ¹ , R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ and R ⁶ are each independently a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, R ⁷ is a C 1-10 alkyl group which may have a substituent. ] 3,4-dihydro-2H-thieno [3,4-b] pyran represented by the following general formula (2).
[Wherein R ¹ , R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ and R ⁶ are each independently a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent. ] The polymer which has a structural unit shown by following General formula (3).
[Wherein R ¹ , R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ and R ⁶ are each independently a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, n is an integer of 2 or more. ] The polymer which has a structural unit shown by following General formula (4).
[Wherein R ¹ , R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ and R ⁶ are each independently a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, p + q = 1, 0 <p <1, 0 <q <1, and Y ⁻ is an anion. ]   An electrochromic material comprising the polymer according to claim 3 or 4.   A conductive material comprising the polymer according to claim 4. The following general formula (1):
[Wherein R ¹ , R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ and R ⁶ are each independently a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, R ⁷ is a C 1-10 alkyl group which may have a substituent. ]
The following general formula (2): 3- (4-alkoxy-thiophen-3-yl) -propan-1-ol represented by the following formula:
[Wherein R ¹ , R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ and R ⁶ have the same meanings as described above. ]
The manufacturing method of 3,4-dihydro-2H-thieno [3,4-b] pyran shown by these. The following general formula (5):
[Wherein, R ⁷ represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, and X represents a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or an iodine atom. ]
And a compound represented by the following formula (6):
[Wherein R ¹ , R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ and R ⁶ are each independently a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent. ]
The following general formula (1) is reacted with an oxetane derivative represented by:
[Wherein, R ¹ , R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ , R ⁶ and R ⁷ have the same meanings as described above. ]
The manufacturing method of 3- (4-alkoxy-thiophen-3-yl) -propan-1-ol shown by these.