JP2010055400A - Leather shape data generation apparatus, leather shape data generation method and leather shape data generation program - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To generate leather shape data representing the grain of a leather surface which enables the production of a synthetic leather representing a texture desired by a user therefrom. <P>SOLUTION: A leather shape data generation apparatus includes: an input means used for inputting leather surface feature parameters including at least either shape parameters indicating the shape of pores on a leather surface or arrangement parameters for controlling the arrangement of the pores, and texture parameters indicating the texture of the leather surface; and a leather shape data generation means for generating leather shape data representing the grain of the leather surface according to the input leather surface feature parameters. Specifically, the leather shape data generation means generates a pore shape according to the shape parameters and arrangement parameters included in the leather surface feature parameters on a virtual leather surface on the leather shape data to be generated, and shapes the virtual leather surface with the pore shape formed in accordance with the texture indicated by the texture parameters. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a technical field of a leather shape data generation device, a leather shape data generation method, and a leather shape data generation program for generating data used for forming an uneven shape on the surface of a synthetic leather or the like when it is manufactured. .

  The fine uneven shape (leather wrinkle shape) formed on the leather surface produces a natural texture, so synthetic leather and other materials with such uneven shapes are used in automobile interior materials and handbags. It is used as a material for surface decoration of various industrial products such as materials. CG (Computer Graphics) images have been used as image images that are the basis for forming irregularities on the surface of leather on such materials. In this CG image production, the fine irregularities on the surface of leather are reproduced. Is required.

  Conventionally, leather shape generation methods in CG image production are roughly classified into two methods.

  First, the first method is a method in which a pattern of natural leather is photographed and the image is regarded as a leather shape and reproduced. Specifically, after extracting a part of the photo, joining the extracted images side by side, generating a large leather pattern image, and applying seamless processing to make the joints of the image inconspicuous, texture images and By pasting the bump mapping image and the displacement image in a three-dimensional shape, the texture of the leather is simulated.

  However, in the first method described above, since the illumination environment at the time of taking a picture is different from the illumination environment in a virtual three-dimensional space at the time of image production by CG, the leather represented by the created texture image or the like The texture of the leather may be different from the texture of the leather that was filmed. In the first method, the extracted leather images are stitched together to generate a large leather image. At this time, the uneven surface pattern of the photographed leather surface appears repeatedly, and the leather surface It could not be said that the shape of was naturally expressed.

  Furthermore, the pattern represented by the uneven shape on the leather surface varies depending on the type and age of the animal, the part of the leather, etc., but it may be difficult to obtain the natural leather of the pattern that the producer needs. there were.

  On the other hand, the second method is a completely procedural procedure that generates a fine rugged shape of leather using only an algorithm, converts it into an image, and pastes it into a three-dimensional shape to simulate the texture and texture of the leather in a pseudo manner. This is a This method is proposed in Patent Document 1, for example.

In Patent Document 1, after inputting parameters relating to pores, the position of each pore is determined at random, or a temporary position is determined at a predetermined interval and then moved by a random amount, and then the leather region is determined. It is disclosed to determine which pore each pixel belongs to, and determine the depth of each pixel based on the relative position and parameters in the pore to generate the three-dimensional leather shape data.
JP 2001-192975 A

  By the way, natural leather has a unique texture depending on its type. In synthetic leather, the shape of pores and the like cannot be substituted for texture expression, but it is desirable that texture can be expressed independently. This is because if the texture cannot be expressed, the surface of the synthetic leather that is finally produced may be unnaturally glossy, and the design value such as high-quality feeling will be reduced.

  However, although the method described in Patent Document 1 can express pores having a shape desired by the producer, the texture of the leather surface itself cannot be expressed as desired by the producer.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and when a synthetic leather is generated from leather shape data, which is data representing the uneven shape of the leather surface, a synthetic leather that expresses the texture desired by the user. It is an object of the present invention to provide a leather shape data generation device, a leather shape data generation method, and a leather shape data generation program that can generate leather shape data that can generate a shape.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention described in claim 1 is a leather surface characteristic parameter that is a parameter indicating the characteristic of the leather surface, and a shape parameter indicating the shape of the pore appearing on the leather surface and the pores. Input means used to input a leather surface feature parameter including at least one of placement parameters for controlling placement and a texture parameter indicating the texture of the leather surface; and the inputted leather surface feature Leather shape data generating means for generating leather shape data representing the uneven shape of the leather surface based on parameters, and the leather shape data generating means is a virtual on the leather shape data to be generated. Based on the shape parameter and the placement parameter included in the leather surface characteristic parameter, A pore forming means for generating a pore shape; and a texture forming means for forming a shape corresponding to the texture indicated by the texture parameter on the virtual leather surface on which the pore shape is formed. And

  According to the present invention, the texture parameter indicating the texture of the leather surface is input, the shape according to the input texture parameter is formed on the virtual leather surface, and the leather shape data of the leather surface representing this shape Therefore, it is possible to generate leather shape data that can generate synthetic leather expressing the texture desired by the user.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the leather shape data generating device according to the first aspect, the texture parameter includes a range parameter indicating a range expressing the texture in a depth direction of the leather viewed from the surface. The texture forming means forms a shape corresponding to the texture indicated by the texture parameter in the range in the depth direction.

  According to the present invention, since the shape corresponding to the texture parameter is formed within the range indicated by the range parameter in the depth direction of the leather, it is possible to express different textures within and outside the range specified by the user. .

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the leather shape data generating device according to the first or second aspect, the texture parameter includes a parameter for generating predetermined noise, and the texture forming means includes the texture forming means, A noise shape corresponding to the texture parameter is added to the virtual leather surface shape in which the pore shape is formed.

  According to the present invention, since the texture is expressed by adding the shape of the noise generated based on the input parameters to the shape of the virtual leather surface, the texture can be expressed naturally. .

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the leather shape data generating device according to any one of the first to third aspects, the image is used for designating image data representing an image with two-dimensionally arranged pixel values. An array element corresponding to a position where the pores are arranged among the array elements of the designated image data, the data designation input means, and a specific parameter that is at least one of the parameters included in the leather surface characteristic parameter Parameter setting means for setting for each of the pores based on the pixel value of the skin, wherein the leather shape data generating means inputs the specific parameter among the leather surface characteristic parameters using the input means. In place of the parameter to be used, the set parameter for each pore is used for generation of the leather shape data. To.

  According to the present invention, for each pore, a specific parameter is set based on a pixel value at a position on the two-dimensional array of image data corresponding to the position at which the pore is arranged on the virtual leather surface. Since the leather shape data is generated based on the set specific parameters, the pattern represented by the image data can be expressed by the unevenness formed on the surface of the synthetic leather.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the leather shape data generation device according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, when the leather surface characteristic parameter includes the arrangement parameter, the arrangement parameter is the pores. A first region parameter indicating a range of a first region including a position where the first region is disposed; and a second region parameter indicating a range of a second region surrounding the first region; Each of the pores so that the position of the pores does not enter the first region for the other pores and the second region for at least one of the other pores. The position is determined.

  According to this invention, the shape of the other pores is not formed in the first region that is relatively close to the pores including the position of each pore, and the shape of the other pores is formed in the second region outside the pores. Therefore, the leather shape data in which the pore shape is formed in a more natural arrangement can be generated.

  A sixth aspect of the present invention is the leather shape data generating device according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, wherein an input screen for inputting the leather surface characteristic parameter using the input means is displayed. And screen display means for displaying a display screen of the uneven shape of the leather surface represented by the leather shape data generated by the leather shape data generating means, and the generated uneven shape of the leather surface is displayed on the screen. A storage instruction input means used to instruct to save the leather shape data, and a storage control means for storing the leather shape data in the storage means when instructed to save the leather shape data; Is further provided.

  According to this invention, the leather surface feature parameters are input through the displayed input screen, and the uneven shape of the leather surface represented by the leather shape data generated based on the input leather surface feature parameters is displayed on the display screen, When it is instructed to save the displayed leather shape data, the leather shape data is stored in the storage means, so that the user can produce desired leather shape data while viewing the screen.

  The invention according to claim 7 is the leather shape data generation device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein at least one of the leather surface characteristic parameters has a minimum value and a maximum value as parameter values. And the leather shape data generating means, for the parameters to which the minimum value and the maximum value among the leather surface characteristic parameters are input, from the minimum value to the maximum value for each pore. A parameter is randomly generated within the range, and the generated parameter is used for generation of the leather shape data.

  According to this invention, for at least one parameter, a parameter is randomly generated for each pore within the range of the input minimum value and maximum value, and the leather shape data is based on the parameter generated for each pore. Therefore, a more natural uneven shape can be expressed.

  The invention according to claim 8 is the leather shape data generating device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein each piece of leather shape data includes the element at a position corresponding to the element on the leather surface. It is characterized in that it is data expressed by a two-dimensional array indicating the altitude of the surface.

  According to this invention, leather shape data can be easily generated.

  The invention according to claim 9 is a leather surface characteristic parameter which is a parameter indicating the characteristic of the leather surface, and a shape parameter indicating the shape of the pores appearing on the leather surface and an arrangement parameter for controlling the arrangement of the pores. Based on the leather surface feature parameter input using the input means used to input the leather surface feature parameter including at least one of the above and a texture parameter indicating the texture of the leather surface A leather shape data generating step for generating leather shape data representing surface irregularities, wherein the leather shape data generating step includes the leather surface characteristics on the virtual leather surface on the leather shape data to be generated. Generating the shape of the pores based on the shape parameter and the placement parameter included in the parameter, The virtual leather surface shape of the holes are formed, and forming a shape corresponding to texture the texture parameter indicates.

  The invention according to claim 10 is a leather surface characteristic parameter which is a parameter indicating the characteristic of the leather surface, and a shape parameter indicating the shape of the pores appearing on the leather surface and an arrangement parameter for controlling the arrangement of the pores. A computer included in a leather shape data generation apparatus, comprising: input means used to input a leather surface characteristic parameter including at least one of the following: and a texture parameter indicating the texture of the leather surface. The computer as the leather shape data generating means should be generated by functioning as leather shape data generating means for generating leather shape data representing the uneven shape of the leather surface based on the leather surface characteristic parameters. The leather surface characteristic parameter is added to the virtual leather surface on the leather shape data. The pore forming means for generating the pore shape based on the included shape parameter and the arrangement parameter, and the virtual leather surface on which the pore shape is formed according to the texture indicated by the texture parameter. It is characterized by functioning as texture forming means for forming a shape.

  According to the present invention, the texture parameter indicating the texture of the leather surface is input, the shape according to the input texture parameter is formed on the virtual leather surface, and the leather shape data of the leather surface representing this shape Therefore, it is possible to generate leather shape data that can generate synthetic leather expressing the texture desired by the user.

  Hereinafter, the best embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In addition, embodiment described below is embodiment at the time of applying this invention with respect to the leather shape data generation apparatus.

[1. Synthetic leather manufacturing process]
First, a process until synthetic leather is manufactured is demonstrated using FIG.

  FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a flow until synthetic leather is manufactured in the present embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the producer first generates leather shape data using the leather shape generation device 1 according to the present embodiment (step S1). Here, the producer inputs to the leather shape generation device 1 a parameter group (an example of a leather surface characteristic parameter) indicating the characteristics of the leather surface of the synthetic leather to be manufactured. The leather shape generation device 1 generates leather shape data based on the input parameters.

  The format of the leather shape data is a so-called height field. Specifically, in a three-dimensional coordinate system that represents the uneven shape of the leather surface, the surface parallel to the leather surface before expressing the pores and texture is the XY plane, and the height of the concave shape of the pores and the uneven shape of the texture The direction of expression (the leather depth direction) is defined as the Z-axis. Then, the two-dimensional array of height fields is applied to the XY coordinates, and in each array, the altitude of the leather surface in the Z-axis direction at the position of the leather surface indicated by the corresponding XY coordinates is expressed in 256 levels from 0 to 255, for example. . Here, for example, the lowest altitude is the origin on the Z axis, and the left corner of the leather surface when the leather surface is viewed from the Z axis direction is the origin on the X axis and the Y axis. When 0 is represented by a black pixel, 255 is represented by a white pixel, and 1 to 254 is represented by a gray pixel corresponding to each value, the uneven shape of the leather surface can be represented as a two-dimensional gray scale image. it can. In this embodiment, leather shape data is generated as grayscale image data.

  When the leather shape data is generated, the creator engraves the emboss roll using, for example, a digital engraving machine based on the leather shape data (step S2). The digital engraving machine engraves each corresponding position on the embossing roll surface at a depth corresponding to the altitude set at each position on the XY plane indicated by the leather shape data. Here, the lower the altitude, the deeper the surface of the embossing roll is dug down.

  Next, the producer uses a sculpted embossing roll and an embossing machine to generate a pattern for transferring the uneven shape of the leather surface to the synthetic resin (step S3). The embossing machine applies heat and pressure to a predetermined process release paper by an embossing roll, and embosses the process release paper. This embossed process release paper becomes the pattern paper.

  Next, the producer uses the process release paper with embossing to produce synthetic leather (step S4). Here, the resin composition for synthetic leather is applied to the surface of the process release paper that has been embossed, the base fabric is bonded to this, the resin layer is dried and solidified, and then the process release Peel the paper to obtain synthetic leather.

[2. Overview of leather shape data generator and function]
Next, the configuration and outline function of the leather shape data generation device according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration example of the leather shape data generation device 1 according to the present embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the leather shape data generation device 1 according to the present embodiment includes a control unit 10 including a central processing unit (CPU), a read only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), and various programs. (For example, a leather shape data generation program) and a storage unit 20 (for example, a hard disk drive) as an example of a storage unit for storing data and the like. The control unit 10 includes an external input device 2 (for example, a keyboard, a mouse, etc.) and a display device 3 (for example, a CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) display) as an example of an input unit, an image data selection input unit, and a storage instruction input unit. , Liquid crystal display, etc.). As the leather shape data generation device 1, for example, a personal computer can be applied.

  The control unit 10 includes a leather shape generation unit 11 as an example of leather shape data generation means, parameter setting means, screen display means, and storage control means on the functional block.

  The CPU reads and executes various programs stored in the ROM and the storage unit 20 so that the control unit 10 controls each unit of the leather shape data generation device 1 and executes the leather shape data generation program. The leather shape generation unit 11 functions as leather shape data generation means, parameter setting means, screen display means, storage control means, and the like.

  The leather shape generation unit 11 generates leather shape data based on a parameter group input by the user. The detailed processing content of the leather shape generation unit 11 will be described later.

  A leather shape database 21 is constructed in the storage unit 20, and the leather shape data generated by the leather shape generation unit 11 is registered in the leather shape database 21.

  Various programs may be acquired from a server device or the like via a network, or may be recorded on a recording medium such as a CD-ROM and read via a disk drive or the like. good.

[3. Generation process of leather shape data]
Next, the leather shape data generation process in step S1 shown in FIG. 1 will be described using.

  FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a workflow for generating leather shape data according to the present embodiment.

  When the user operates the external input device 2 to start the leather shape data generation program, the leather shape generation unit 11 of the leather shape data generation device 1 causes the display device 3 to display a parameter setting / design confirmation screen described later. .

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3, the user operates the external input device 2 to input parameters as necessary (step S11).

  Next, the leather shape generation unit 11 temporarily generates leather shape data based on the input parameters by executing a leather shape generation process described later, and stores the data in a RAM or the like (step S21).

  Next, the leather shape generation unit 11 displays a grayscale image of the temporarily generated leather shape data on the screen, and the user confirms the design of the uneven shape on the leather surface displayed on the screen as the grayscale image (step S13). ).

  The user who has confirmed the design determines whether or not to use the temporarily generated leather shape data (step S14). At this time, if the user determines not to use the temporarily generated leather shape data (step S14: NO), the user proceeds to step S11 and re-enters the parameters.

  On the other hand, when it is determined that the temporarily generated leather shape data is adopted (step S14: YES), the user operates the external input device 2 to save the temporarily generated leather shape data.

  If the leather shape generation unit 11 determines that an instruction to store the temporarily generated leather shape data is given, the leather shape data is registered in the leather shape database (step S15). Generation of the leather shape data is completed by registration in the leather shape database.

[4. Parameter]
Next, a parameter group that can be input by the user in the present embodiment will be described.

  The parameter group is roughly divided into pore shape parameters (an example of shape parameters), uneven texture parameters (an example of texture parameters), and pore position parameters (an example of arrangement parameters).

[4.1 Capillary shape parameters]
First, the pore shape parameters will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIGS. 4A and 4B are diagrams illustrating examples of pore shapes generated when the user does not change the pore shape parameters with the initial values. 5 and 6 are diagrams showing examples of the shape of the pores generated when each parameter included in the pore shape parameter is changed from the initial value.

  In FIG. 4A, FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, the shape of the pore when the pore is viewed from the vertical direction of the leather surface is shown as a gray scale image. In these figures, the black portion is the deepest (lowest altitude) and the white portion is the shallowest (highest altitude). Moreover, FIG.4 (b) is sectional drawing of a pore.

  As shown in FIG. 4 (a), the pores in the initial state have a perfect circle shape when viewed from the leather surface. Moreover, as shown in FIG.4 (b), the side surface of a pore is connected at right angles with the leather surface. Alternatively, the side surface of the pore is connected to the bottom surface at a right angle.

  The pore shape parameter is a parameter that determines the shape of the pore. By changing the pore shape parameter from the initial value, the pore shape shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B is changed.

  The pore shape parameters include parameters of “overall”, “contour”, “depth”, and “rotation” as major items. “Whole” is a parameter that determines the size of pores on the leather surface, and has parameters of “width” and “height” as small items.

  “Width” is a parameter indicating the length of pores in the horizontal direction of the paper. In parameter change example 1 shown in FIG. 5, the shape of the pores when “width” is set larger than the initial value is shown.

  “Height” is a parameter indicating the length of pores in the vertical direction of the paper. In the parameter change example 2 shown in FIG. 5, the shape of the pores when the “height” is larger than the initial value is shown.

  “Contour” is a parameter that determines the shape of the pore contour on the leather surface. As sub-items, “High Noise Period”, “High Noise Amplitude”, “Medium Noise Period”, “Medium Noise Amplitude” and “Noise” Parameter.

  “High noise period” and “high noise amplitude” are parameters for making the contour of the pores into a sine curve as high noise.

  The “high noise period” is a parameter indicating the period of the sine curve (the number of creases that can be formed on the pore outline). The initial value of the “high noise period” is 10, and the larger the value, the shorter the period (the number of folds increases). The “high noise amplitude” is a parameter indicating the amplitude of the sine curve. The parameter change example 3 shown in FIG. 5 shows the shape of the pores when the “high noise period” is 10 and an appropriate value is set for the “high noise amplitude”.

  The “medium noise period” and “medium noise amplitude” are parameters for making the outline of the pores into a sine curve shape as medium noise.

  The “medium noise period” and the “medium noise amplitude” are parameters having the same positions as the “high noise period” and the “high noise amplitude”, respectively. In the parameter change example 4 shown in FIG. 5, the “medium noise period” is set to 3 and the “medium noise amplitude” is set to a value larger than the value set to “high noise amplitude” in the parameter change example 3. The shape of is shown.

  By appropriately setting “high noise period”, “high noise amplitude”, “medium noise period”, and “medium noise amplitude”, it is possible to create a complex contour combining high noise and medium noise.

  “Noise” is a parameter for generating noise that is radially added to the contour of the pore from the center position of the pore, and noise corresponding to the set value is added. In parameter change example 5 shown in FIG. 5, the shape of the pores when an appropriate value is set for “noise” is shown.

  “Depth” is a parameter that determines the shape and the like of the side and bottom surfaces of the pores, and as small items, “roundness”, “bottom depth”, “start point depth”, “end point depth”, It has parameters of “edge depth” and “edge depth 2”.

  “Roundness” is a parameter for rounding the connection portion between the side surface of the pore and the leather surface and the connection portion between the side surface and the bottom surface of the pore, and the roundness of the connection portion increases as this value increases. In parameter change example 6 shown in FIG. 6, the shape of the pores when an appropriate value is set for “roundness” is shown.

  The “bottom depth” is a parameter indicating the depth of the bottom surface of the pore. The larger the value, the shallower the bottom surface depth. In the parameter change example 7 shown in FIG. 6, the shape of the pores when the “bottom depth” is made larger than the initial value is shown.

  “Depth of start point” is a parameter indicating the depth of the start point when the lowest part of the bottom surface of the pores in the vertical direction of the paper is the start point. As this value increases, the depth of the start point becomes shallower. The parameter change example 8 shown in FIG. 6 shows the shape of the pores when the “bottom depth” is 0 (initial value) and the “start point depth” is maximized. In this case, the bottom surface of the pore gradually becomes deeper from the lowermost part to the uppermost part.

  The “end point depth” is a parameter indicating the depth of the end point when the uppermost portion of the bottom surface of the pore in the vertical direction of the paper surface is set as the end point. As this value increases, the end point depth decreases. In the parameter change example 9 shown in FIG. 6, the shape of the pores when “bottom depth” is 0 (initial value) and “end point depth” is maximized is shown. In this case, the bottom surface of the pore gradually becomes deeper from the top to the bottom.

  “Edge depth” is a parameter indicating the smoothness of the left and right ends of the side surface of the pore. The larger the value, the smoother the connection between the side surfaces of the left and right end portions and the leather surface and the bottom surface of the pore. . The parameter change example 10 shown in FIG. 6 shows the shape of the pores when an appropriate value is set for the “edge depth”.

  “Edge depth 2” is a parameter indicating the smoothness of the portion of the side surface of the pore that is shifted downward from the left and right end portions by a predetermined angle, and the larger the value, the more the side surface of the portion and the leather. The surface and the bottom surface of the pores are gently connected. The parameter change example 11 shown in FIG. 6 shows the shape of the pores when an appropriate value is set for “edge depth 2”.

  “Rotation” is a parameter for rotating the pores, and has “angle” as a small item.

  “Angle” is a parameter indicating an angle when the pores are rotated counterclockwise around the pore stop position. In the parameter change example 12 shown in FIG. 6, the shape of the pores is shown when “radius” is set to 1 radian and the “height” is set larger than the initial value.

[4.2 Concavity and convexity texture parameters]
Next, the uneven texture parameter will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of the leather surface and pore shape generated when roughness is applied. FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the uneven texture parameter.

  The uneven texture parameter is a parameter that determines the texture of the leather surface on which pores are formed. By setting an appropriate value for the uneven texture parameter, for example, as shown in FIG. 7 (a), the surface of the pore portion is roughly roughened, or as shown in FIG. The surface of the leather except the surface can be roughened, or the entire surface of the leather can be roughened.

  FIGS. 7A and 7B show the shape of the pores when viewed from the vertical direction of the leather surface as a black and white image for convenience. In these drawings, the central black circle portion indicates the pore. And in Fig.7 (a), the speckled pattern which has appeared in the pore part represents the roughness of the surface. Moreover, in FIG.7 (b), the spot pattern which appears around the pore represents the roughness of the surface.

  This surface roughness is given by adding three-dimensional Perlin noise as an example of predetermined noise to the leather surface.

  The uneven texture parameter has parameters of “concave part” and “convex part” as major items.

  The “concave portion” is a parameter indicating the texture of a relatively deep portion of the leather surface, and has parameters of “fineness of noise”, “degree of application of noise”, and “depth of noise” as small items.

  “Fineness of noise” corresponds to the Persistence parameter in Perlin noise. As this value is increased, the noise period is shortened, and the unevenness of noise formed on the leather surface becomes finer. On the other hand, the smaller this value is, the larger the period of the noise becomes. As a result, the unevenness of the noise formed on the leather surface becomes rough (slowly), and when this value is set to 0, the noise becomes the roughest. .

  “Noise applicability” (an example of a range parameter) is a parameter indicating how much noise generated by the Perlin noise generation algorithm is applied to the leather surface. When this parameter is set to 1, the generated noise is completely applied. On the other hand, when this parameter is set to 0, the generated noise is not applied at all, and the leather surface is not rough at all.

  The “noise depth” is a parameter indicating how much noise is added from the deepest part of the leather.

  “Protrusions” is a parameter that indicates the texture of the relatively shallow part of the leather surface. Like “recesses”, the sub-items are “noise fineness”, “noise applicability”, and “noise depth”. Parameter.

  The “noise fineness” and “noise applicability” in the “convex portion” are the same parameters as the “noise fineness” and “noise applicability” in the “concave portion”.

  On the other hand, the “noise depth” (an example of a range parameter) in the “convex portion” is a parameter indicating how much noise is added from the shallowest part of the leather.

  These parameters will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. FIG. 8 (a) is a cross-sectional view of leather with pores formed when no noise is added. In FIG. 8A, X is the leather surface including the pores, with the deepest part having an altitude of 0 and the shallowest part having an altitude of 255.

  On the other hand, for example, when 200 is set in the “depth of noise” of the “concave portion”, as shown in FIG. 8 (b), only on the leather surface in the range of altitude from 0 to 200, Noise is added. If 255 is set in the “depth of noise” of the “recess”, noise is added to the entire range from 0 to 255 in altitude.

  Note that the altitude at the deepest part of the pores is lower than 0 by the amount of noise added, but it is necessary to express the altitude of the leather surface within the range of 0 to 255. The height of the leather surface is normalized. Therefore, the depth of the pore to which noise is added is slightly shallower than the depth of the pore before addition of noise.

  Also, for example, if 100 is set in the “noise depth” of the “convex portion”, as shown in FIG. Added. If 0 is set in the “depth of noise” of the “convex portion”, noise is added to the entire range from 0 to 255 in altitude.

  Since the “noise depth” is designated in this way, a portion where noise is added and a portion where noise is not added are created, so that different textures can be expressed depending on the depth of the leather.

  For example, “noise depth” of the “concave portion” is set appropriately, so that fine noise is added at a portion deeper than a certain depth where the pore shape is formed. On the other hand, each parameter of “convex part” is set so that noise is not added, or the values of “fineness of noise” and “applicability of noise” are compared with those of “recessed part”. Make it small enough. Leather shape data is generated with such parameters, and synthetic leather is manufactured using the leather shape data.

  Then, since the bottom portion of the pores of the synthetic leather has a fine uneven shape due to noise, the light incident on the portion appears to be visually dark due to irregular reflection. On the other hand, a fine uneven shape due to noise cannot be formed in a portion where pores are not formed, or even if it is possible, a light uneven shape is formed, so that light incident on the portion is reflected in a state of regular reflection or close to regular reflection. So it looks visually bright. Due to the visual difference between the part of the pores and the part that is not, there is an effect that the pores look deeper than they actually are (become more three-dimensional).

  Further, when, for example, 0.5 is set in the “degree of noise application” of the “convex portion”, as shown in FIG. 8D, the noise amplitude a2 becomes the noise amplitude shown in FIG. It becomes half (50%) of a1.

  In FIG. 8B, the noise cycle indicated by reference numeral f <b> 1 depends on the “noise fineness” of the “concave part”. Further, in FIGS. 8C and 8D, the noise cycle indicated by reference numeral f2 depends on the “fineness of noise” of the “convex portion”.

  It should be noted that each parameter of the “concave portion” and each parameter of the “convex portion” can be set at the same time, and these can be reflected simultaneously on the texture (noise) of the leather surface. Also, without setting the uneven texture parameter to “concave part” and “convex part”, set the boundary depth parameter, and the part deeper than this boundary (corresponding to the concave part) and shallower than this boundary depth A “noise fineness” and a “noise applicability” may be input to each portion (corresponding to a convex portion).

[4.3 Pore position parameters]
Next, the pore position parameters will be described with reference to FIGS.

  9 and 10 are diagrams illustrating an example of how the positions of the pores are determined.

  The pore position parameter is a parameter for controlling the arrangement of the pores. By setting the pore position parameter, it is possible to determine the interval between the pores, and determine the directionality of the arrangement of the pores.

  In the present embodiment, the leather shape generation unit 11 is configured to arrange the pores while setting the exclusive region and the arrangeable region as needed when arranging the pores.

  The exclusive region (an example of the first region) is a region including the center position of the arranged pores, and is a region where the center points of other pores cannot be arranged. FIG. 9A is a diagram showing the exclusive region E1 when the pore position K1 is determined in the two-dimensional world coordinate system on the leather surface where the pores are arranged. In FIG. 9A, a region represented by a white ellipse is an exclusive region E1 at the pore position K1.

  The arrangement possible area (an example of the second area) is an area surrounding the exclusive area, and is an area where the center point of another pore can be arranged. FIG. 9B is a diagram showing the arrangementable region R1 when the pore position K1 and the exclusive region E1 shown in FIG. 9A are mapped to the local coordinate system centered on K1. In FIG. 9B, K1 'corresponds to K1, and E1' corresponds to E1. Further, in the same figure, a black oval band-like region surrounding the exclusive region E1 'is the arrangementable region R1 at the pore position K1. Further, the area e outside the arrangementable area R1 is also an exclusive area.

  Here, pores can be arranged in the arrangeable region R1, but pores cannot be arranged in the exclusive regions E1 'and e. FIG. 9B shows that the next pore is arranged at the position of K2 ′ in the arrangementable region R1. Moreover, in the same figure, it is shown that a pore cannot be arrange | positioned in the position shown by x mark.

  In order to define the range of the exclusive area and the arrangementable area, the pore position parameters include parameters of “area width”, “area height”, and “scattering” as small items.

  The “area width” is a parameter indicating the length of the exclusive area in the horizontal direction of the drawing.

  The “area height” is a parameter indicating the length of the exclusive area in the vertical direction of the drawing.

  When the exclusive region is an elliptical region, the “region width” and “region height” are the lengths of the horizontal axis and the vertical axis (short axis and long axis or long axis and short axis) of the ellipse.

  “Dispersion” is a parameter indicating the width of the arrangementable area. In FIG. 9B, the distance V from the boundary line of the arrangementable area R1 to the exclusive area E1 'to the boundary line to the exclusive area e corresponds to "scattering". That is, the value of “region width” + “scattering” × 2 is the length from the left end to the right end of the arrangementable region R1, and the value of “region height” + “scattering” × 2 Is the length from the upper end to the lower end of the arrangeable region R1. The pores are randomly arranged within the range of the arrangeable region. However, the larger the “scattering” value, the longer the width of the arrangeable region, and thus the more scattered the positions where the pores are arranged.

  Here, the reason why the shape of the arrangementable area is an oval (including a case of a perfect circle) is that the pores appearing on the leather of animals or the like that exist in nature are arranged in this way. . In other words, when the positional relationship between the pores is statistically examined, other pores are concentrated on the circumference of the ellipse centered on the pores. And the space | interval of a pore is determined by the magnitude | size of this ellipse, and the directionality of the arrangement | sequence of a pore is determined by the ratio of the length of the ellipse's short axis and long axis. The shapes of the exclusive region and the arrangeable region are not limited to ellipses, and various other shapes may be applied.

  The method for determining the position of the pores will be further described with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10.

  The leather shape generation unit 11 sets a two-dimensional drawing area (hereinafter referred to as “pore arrangement area”) defined in the world coordinate system of the leather surface on the RAM, and as shown in FIG. The position K1 of the first pore is set as a predetermined position (for example, the center position) in the pore arrangement region, and the pore point is drawn at this position K1. Further, the leather shape generation unit 11 assumes that the value of the “region width” is W1 and the value of the “region height” is H1, the length W1 of the horizontal axis about the position K1 of the pore, The elliptical area having the axis length H1 is painted in white, and this is defined as an exclusive area E1.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 9B, the leather shape generation unit 11 corresponds to the center of the drawing area defined in the local coordinate system (hereinafter referred to as “local arrangement area”) with the position K1 of the pore. As K1 ′, the exclusive area E1 is copied to the local coordinate system to generate the exclusive area E1 ′. Further, the leather shape generation unit 11 takes an elliptical area having a horizontal axis length W1 + V × 2 and a vertical axis length H1 + V × 2 around the K1 ′ of the local arrangement area, except in the exclusive area E1 ′. This is filled with black, and this is set as a dispositionable region R1. Next, the leather shape generation unit 11 randomly generates a point within the range of the local arrangement area, and if this point is outside the arrangement possible area R1, that is, within the exclusive area E1 ′ or e, the arrangement is possible. A point is generated until it enters the region R1.

  Then, when the generated point enters the placeable region R1, the leather shape generation unit 11 sets the point as a pore position K2 ′, and corresponds to the pore position K2 ′ as shown in FIG. 9C. A point of K2 to be generated is generated in the pore arrangement region. At this time, the leather shape generation unit 11 matches the positional relationship between K1 and K2 with the positional relationship between K1 'and K2'. Furthermore, the leather shape generation part 11 preserve | saves the coordinate of K2 in a pore arrangement | positioning area | region. Next, the leather shape generation unit 11 generates an exclusive region E2 around the pore position K2 in the pore arrangement region. Here, in FIG. 9C, the lengths of the horizontal and vertical axes of the exclusive areas E1 and E2 are different. Although details will be described later, it is possible to set a minimum value and a maximum value for the parameters of “region width” and “region height”, respectively, and the leather shape generation unit 11 actually sets the position of each pore. This is because the lengths of the horizontal axis and the vertical axis of the exclusive area are randomly determined within the range between the minimum value and the maximum value.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 9D, the leather shape generation unit 11 copies the exclusive area E2 to the local arrangement area to generate the exclusive area E2 '. Here, the arrangement of the pores as the exclusive region is also prohibited for the portion of the arrangementable region R1 that overlaps the exclusive region E2 '. Therefore, the leather shape generation unit 11 determines the position K3 ′ of the third pore as in the case of K2 ′, but within the range of the arrangeable region R1 excluding the portion filled with the exclusive region E2 ′. The position K3 ′ of the pore is determined.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 10A, the leather shape generation unit 11 generates the point K3 corresponding to K3 ′ in the pore arrangement region and draws the exclusive region E3 as in the case of K2 ′. . Similarly, when the leather shape generation unit 11 generates the pore positions K4 to K6 and generates the exclusive regions E4 to E6 as shown in FIG. 10B, the arrangementable region R1 in the local arrangement region is , All of them are filled with the exclusive regions E2 ′ to E6 ′, so there is no room for the pores to be disposed around the pore position K1 ′. In this case, the leather shape generation unit 11 newly sets a local arrangement area for the position of another pore.

  FIG. 10C shows a case where a local arrangement region centered on K6 'corresponding to the pore position K6 is set. Here, the leather shape generation unit 11 copies the exclusive area E6 at the position K6 of the pores to the local arrangement area, and also copies the exclusive areas E1, E2, and E4 around the local arrangement area to exclude them. Regions E1 ′, E2 ′, E4 ′, E6 ′, etc. are generated. Next, the leather shape generation unit 11 sets the arrangement possible region R6 centered on the pore position K6 ′ to the local arrangement region except for the portions filled with the exclusive regions E1 ′, E2 ′, E4 ′, and E6 ′. draw. Then, the leather shape generation unit 11 randomly generates a pore position K7 ′ within the drawn arrangement possible region R6, and sets the corresponding K7 as the pore arrangement as shown in FIG. 10 (d). Generate in the area.

  In this way, the leather shape generation unit 11 prevents the positions of the pores from entering the exclusive regions of all the other pores, and at least one of the other pores in the placeable region. Decide to enter. And the leather shape production | generation part 11 performs the same process about the position of all the pores, and ends the determination of the position of a pore when it becomes impossible to produce | generate the position of a new pore. Then, the control part 10 produces | generates the shape of a pore by making the coordinate of the preserve | saved pore into a center position.

[4.4 Specification of Parameter Control Image Data for Parameter]
For specific parameters, parameters for generating the shape of each pore can be controlled based on pixel information of image data designated by the user. This will be described below with reference to FIG. Hereinafter, such an image is referred to as “parameter control image data”.

  FIG. 11A is an example of parameter control image data designated for a specific parameter, and FIG. 11B is generated when the parameter control image data shown in FIG. 11A is designated. In this figure, black ellipses indicate pores.

  First, the user prepares parameter control image data corresponding to a pattern to be expressed on the surface of the leather to be manufactured. For example, FIG. 11A is grayscale parameter control image data, and the letter “A” is drawn in gray on a black background (in FIG. 11, it is shown in white for convenience). .

  When the parameter control image data is designated as an “angle” of the leather shape parameter as an example, in the leather shape data shown in FIG. 11B, the pores in the range corresponding to the ground portion of the parameter control image data are displayed. The shape is an ellipse whose major axis direction coincides with the vertical direction of the paper, but the pores in the range corresponding to the character part of the parameter control image data are in a state where the major axis of the ellipse is rotated by a predetermined angle. Generated. When synthetic leather is manufactured using the leather shape data, the letter “A” appears as a pattern on the surface.

  This is based on the ratio of the horizontal pixel number of the leather shape data and the horizontal pixel number of the parameter control image data to the X coordinate of the position of the pores that the leather shape generation unit 11 should arrange on the leather shape data. Then, the X coordinate of the parameter control image data is converted, and the Y coordinate of the position of the pore is converted to the Y coordinate of the parameter control image data based on the ratio, and is converted in the parameter control image data. A parameter corresponding to the value of the pixel on the XY coordinates is set. For example, in the parameter control image data, the pixel color is expressed in black when the pixel value is 0, white when it is 255, and gray according to the value when it is 1 to 254. Suppose that When the pixel value is 0, the “angle” is set to 0 °, when the pixel value is 255, the “angle” is set to 360 °, and when the pixel value is 1 to 254, Definition information such as setting an angle corresponding to the value to “angle” is incorporated in the leather shape data generation program in advance, or is defined by a user operation or the like.

  And since the pixel value of the ground part of the image data for parameter control is 0, the leather shape generation part 11 produces | generates without rotating about the pore of the position corresponding to a ground part, and is image for parameter control. If the pixel value of the character portion of the data is, for example, 32, the pores at the position corresponding to the character portion are generated by rotating about 45 ° counterclockwise. At this time, the value input by the user is not used as the “angle” parameter.

  As the image data for parameter control, not only grayscale image data but also any image data in which pixel information is represented in a two-dimensional array may be applied. For example, 24-bit image data having 8-bit information for each of R (Red), G (Green), and B (Blue) can be specified. For example, as definition information, the value of R is the x component of the rotation vector of the pores, the value of G is the y component of the rotation vector of the pores, the values of R and G are 0, and the value of B is 1 or more Is defined as a predetermined angle value regardless of the magnitude of the value. Then, the ground portion of the parameter control image data is painted in blue, and the pattern portion in the parameter control image data is expressed with a red and green gradation. Then, in the leather shape data, the angles of the pores at the position corresponding to the ground portion are all the same predetermined angle, and the angles of the pores at the position corresponding to the pattern portion are the R component and G component of the corresponding pixel. A pore inclined in the direction of the vector consisting of the values of is generated. When synthetic leather is manufactured using the leather shape data thus generated, a complicated pattern appears on the surface.

  Parameters that can designate parameter control image data are not limited to “angle”. For example, if the image data for parameter control is designated in the “high noise amplitude” of the pore shape parameter, a pattern can be expressed on the surface of the synthetic leather by the difference in the shape of the pore outline. Also, for example, if the image data for parameter control is specified in the “degree of noise application” of the “convex part” of the uneven texture parameter, depending on the visual difference between the part where the noise appears well and the part where the noise does not appear, Patterns can be expressed on the surface of synthetic leather. At this time, the “noise applicability” parameter of the “convex portion” determined for each pore is reflected in the texture only in the vicinity of the pore.

  In addition, for example, if parameter control image data is designated for the “region width” and “region height” of the pore position parameters, a pattern can be expressed on the surface of the synthetic leather by the difference in the gap between the pores. In this way, parameter control image data can be specified for a plurality of parameters.

  The parameter for designating parameter control image data may be a predetermined parameter, or the parameter for designating parameter control image data itself may be changed by a user operation.

  In addition, when the leather shape data is generated by designating the parameter control image data, the size of the parameter control image data does not need to match the size of the leather shape data. In this case, after the parameter control image data and the leather shape data are aligned at predetermined coordinates, the parameter control image data is designated as a specific parameter only for the portion where the leather shape data overlaps the parameter control image data. For the part where the leather shape data does not overlap with the parameter control image data, the parameter value input by the user may be used.

[5. Configuration of parameter setting / design confirmation screen]
Next, the configuration of the parameter setting / design confirmation screen as an example of the input screen and the display screen will be described with reference to FIGS.

  12 and 13 are diagrams showing display examples of the parameter setting / design confirmation screen according to the present embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 12, the parameter setting / design confirmation screen includes a leather shape confirmation area 110, pore shape confirmation areas 121 and 122, an image resolution setting area 130, a pore shape parameter setting area 140, a pore position parameter setting area 150, an arrangement It consists of buttons 160 and the like.

  Further, the screen shown in FIG. 12 can be switched to the screen shown in FIG. 13 by a user switching operation. In FIG. 13, an uneven portion texture parameter setting area 170 is displayed instead of the pore shape parameter setting area 140.

  The image resolution setting area 130 is an area for inputting the size of the leather shape data, the actual size of the synthetic leather to be generated, and the like. Specifically, in the image resolution setting area 130, the number of vertical and horizontal pixels as the gray scale image of the leather shape data, the actual size of the leather in the vertical and horizontal directions, resolution (number of pixels per inch), and the like can be input. It can be done. Since the actual size = the number of pixels / resolution, if any two of the number of pixels, the actual size, and the resolution are determined, the remaining one is automatically determined.

  The pore shape parameter setting area 140 is a parameter for inputting a pore shape parameter. In this area, the user changes the parameter by directly inputting the parameter or moving the slider.

  In the pore shape parameter setting area 140 shown in FIG. 13, two values can be input for each parameter. One of each parameter is a minimum value and the other is a maximum value. That is, the user can set a minimum value and a maximum value for each parameter. When the pore shape is generated, the parameters used for the actual pore generation are randomly determined for each pore within the range between the minimum value and the maximum value. By doing so, a certain amount of variation occurs in the shape of the pores, so that the shape of the leather surface can be expressed more naturally. Here, when the same value is input to the minimum value and the maximum value, the parameters used for actual pore generation are substantially fixed values. In addition, in the pore shape parameter setting area 140 shown in FIG. 13, the minimum value and the maximum value can be input for all the small items, but it may be limited to some small items. The same applies to the uneven portion texture parameter setting area 170 and the pore position parameter setting area 150.

  The uneven texture parameter setting area 170 is a parameter for inputting uneven texture parameters. The user can input the minimum value and the maximum value for each parameter also in this area.

  In the pore shape confirmation areas 121 and 122, images representing the pore shape and the texture of the leather surface according to the parameters input by the user in the pore shape parameter setting area 140 and the uneven portion texture parameter setting area 170 are displayed. Here, the pore shape confirmation area 121 displays the shape of the pores generated with the minimum values of the pore shape parameter and the uneven texture parameter, and the pore shape confirmation area 122 displays the pore shape parameter and the uneven texture parameter. The shape of the pores generated at the maximum value of each parameter is displayed. The user can grasp the shape of the pores formed on the leather surface of the leather shape data and the texture of the leather surface to some extent by confirming the display contents of the pore shape confirmation areas 121 and 122.

  The pore position parameter setting area 150 is an area for inputting a pore position parameter. In the pore position parameter setting area 150 shown in FIG. 12, only one value can be input for each parameter. This is because when the position of the pores is actually determined, the position of the pores is randomly determined within the range of the above-described arrangement possible region, so that the minimum value and the maximum value are set like other parameters. This is because even if it cannot be set, it does not become visually unnatural. However, the pore position parameter setting area 150 may be configured so that a minimum value and a maximum value can be input for each parameter of the pore position parameter.

  In the leather shape confirmation area 110, a grayscale image of the temporarily generated leather shape data is displayed. In the leather shape confirmation area 110 shown in FIG. 12, a plurality of white dots are displayed. This point indicates the position where the pores should be placed. Each time the user inputs or changes the pore position parameter in the pore position parameter setting area 150, the leather shape generation unit 11 determines the position of each pore according to the pore position parameter at that time, and the leather shape. The result is displayed in the confirmation area 110.

  When the user selects the placement button 160, the leather shape confirmation area 110 displays an image of leather shape data in which the pore shape is generated for each pore position, as shown in FIG.

  Although not shown, by displaying a predetermined menu by a user operation, the user can select image data to be designated as a specific parameter from image data stored in the storage unit 20. . The user can save the leather shape data displayed in the leather shape confirmation area 110 by displaying another predetermined menu.

[6. Operation of leather shape data generation device in leather shape generation processing]
Next, operation | movement of the leather shape data generation apparatus 1 in the leather shape generation process shown in step S2 of FIG. 3 is demonstrated using FIG.

  FIG. 14 is a flowchart illustrating a processing example in the leather shape generation unit 11 of the leather shape data generation device 1 according to the present embodiment. Note that the operation described below is an operation when the minimum value and the maximum value can be input for all the parameters of the pore shape parameter, the uneven texture parameter, and the pore position parameter. In the description of the parameter setting / design confirmation screen, the process of determining the position of each pore and the process of generating the pore shape for that position were performed at different timings. In the operation | movement demonstrated, the operation | movement at the time of making it perform simultaneously is demonstrated for convenience.

  When the user displays the parameter setting / design confirmation screen by executing the leather shape data generation program, inputs each parameter, and selects the placement button 160, the leather shape generation processing is started.

  First, when the leather shape generation unit 11 acquires each input parameter (step S101), the pore arrangement region and the leather shape drawing region corresponding to the number of vertical and horizontal pixels input by the user are set on the RAM. . Here, the leather shape drawing region is a region where a grayscale image of pore shape data which is a virtual leather surface is drawn.

  Next, the leather shape generation unit 11 generates the position K of the first pore at the center position of the pore arrangement region, and adds this position K (coordinates thereof) to the stack S (step S102). The stack S is data having a LIFO (Last In First Out) structure.

  Next, the leather shape generation unit 11 determines whether or not the stack S is empty (step S103). At this time, when the stack S is not empty (step S103: NO), the leather shape generation unit 11 takes out one position K of the pores from the stack S (step S104).

  Next, the leather shape generation unit 11 sets 0 to the parameter number I. The parameter number indicates a unique number assigned to each small item of the pore shape parameter, the uneven texture parameter, and the pore position parameter.

  Next, the leather shape generation unit 11 determines whether or not the parameter number I is smaller than the parameter number n (step S106). The number of parameters is the number of all small items of the pore shape parameter, the uneven texture parameter, and the pore position parameter. At this time, if the parameter number I is smaller than the parameter number n (step S106: YES), the leather shape generation unit 11 determines whether or not parameter control image data is specified for the I-th parameter ( Step S107).

  At this time, if the parameter control image data is not designated in the I-th parameter (step S107: NO), the leather shape generation unit 11 determines the minimum and maximum values of the I-th parameter input by the user. A random value is generated within the range, and the random value is set in the parameter P [I] (step S108). The leather shape production | generation part 11 will transfer to step S110, after complete | finishing this process.

  On the other hand, when the parameter control image data is designated as the I-th parameter (step S107: YES), the leather shape generation unit 11 determines the position K of the pores on the designated parameter control image data. The information on the pixel at the same position is referred to, the parameter value is determined based on the information on the pixel and the definition information, and the parameter value is set in the parameter P [I] (step S109). The leather shape production | generation part 11 will transfer to step S110, after complete | finishing this process.

  When finishing the setting of the parameter P [I], the leather shape generation unit 11 adds 1 to the parameter number I (step S110), and proceeds to step S106.

  If the parameter number I is not smaller than the parameter number n in step S106 (step S106: NO), the leather shape generation unit 11 generates a pore shape (step S111). That is, since all the parameters from the parameters P [0] to P [n-1] are set, the leather shape generation unit 11 generates the shape of the pores based on these parameters. Specifically, the leather shape generation unit 11 sets a local drawing area (hereinafter referred to as “local drawing area”) for drawing the shape of the pores on the RAM, and sets the local drawing area on the RAM. In addition, with the center of the region as the center of the pore, the shape of the pore corresponding to the set pore shape parameter is generated as a gray scale image.

  Next, the leather shape generation unit 11 forms a texture in and around the generated pore shape (step S112). Specifically, the leather shape generation unit 11 generates noise based on the uneven texture parameter, and adds the generated noise to the pixel value on the local drawing region where the pore shape is generated. Further, the leather shape generation unit 11 normalizes pixel values as necessary.

  When forming the texture, the leather shape generation unit 11 copies the pore shape and texture information generated on the local drawing area to the leather shape drawing area. At this time, the position of the copy destination is centered on the position of the pore position K. Since the number of vertical and horizontal pixels in the local drawing area is determined in advance, the texture information (noise) copied to the leather shape drawing area is also limited to the range of the number of pixels.

  After generating one pore in this way, the leather shape generation unit 11 determines whether a new pore can be generated around the position K of the pore (step S113). Specifically, the leather shape generation unit 11 determines whether or not the placeable area for the position K of the pores is crushed by the exclusive area for the other pores. At this time, if a new pore can be generated around the pore position K, the leather shape generation unit 11 newly generates a pore position K in the pore arrangement region, and this position K is stored in the stack S. It adds (step S114). The leather shape production | generation part 11 will transfer to step S113, after complete | finishing this process.

  On the other hand, when a new pore cannot be generated around the position K of the pore (step S113: NO), the leather shape generation unit 11 proceeds to step S103.

  When the leather shape generation unit 11 determines in step S103 that the stack S is empty (step S103: YES), the leather shape generation process ends. Information set in the leather shape drawing area at this time is the temporarily generated leather shape data.

  The specific processing content for determining the position of each pore in steps S102 to S104, S113, and S114 has been described in section 4.3.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the leather shape data generation device 1 includes the external input device 2 that is used to input the pore shape parameter, the uneven texture parameter, and the pore position parameter, and includes a leather shape generation unit. 11 generates a pore shape based on the pore shape parameter, generates a concavo-convex shape expressing the texture indicated by the concavo-convex texture parameter, and represents a leather drawing region indicating a virtual leather surface region based on the pore position parameter The leather shape data is generated by determining the position of each pore on the top and adding the uneven shape that expresses the shape and texture of the generated pore to the determined position, so that the texture desired by the user is expressed. It is possible to generate leather shape data that can generate a synthetic leather.

  In addition, the uneven texture parameter includes “noise depth” as a small item, and the leather shape generation unit 11 generates an uneven shape that expresses texture from a depth indicated by “noise depth” to a deep portion or a shallow portion. Since it is generated, different textures can be expressed in a deeper part and a shallower part than the depth specified by the user.

  Further, the uneven texture parameter includes “noise fineness” and “noise applicability” for generating perlin noise, and the leather shape generation unit 11 includes “noise fineness” and “noise fineness” in the leather drawing region. Since the shape of the three-dimensional noise corresponding to the value of “degree of noise application” is added, the texture can be expressed naturally.

  Further, the parameter control image data can be specified, and the leather shape generation unit 11 can specify the position of the XY coordinates of the parameter control image data corresponding to the XY coordinates of the positions where the pores are arranged for a specific parameter. Since it is set for each pore based on the pixel value and the leather shape data is generated using the parameters set for each pore, the pores or texture that can be created on the surface of the synthetic leather with the pattern expressed by the parameter control image data It can be expressed by unevenness. That is, it is possible to manufacture synthetic leather in which desired characters, marks, designs, etc. appear visually with pores or textured irregularities.

  In addition, the pore position parameter includes an “area width” and an “area height” parameter indicating the range of the exclusive area including the position where the pores are arranged, and a “scatter” parameter indicating the range of the arrangeable area. And the leather shape generation unit 11 prevents the position of the pores from entering the exclusive region for all the other pores and enters the positionable region for at least one of the other pores. Since the position is determined, it is possible to generate leather shape data in which the pore shape is formed in a more natural arrangement pattern and in an arrangement pattern desired by the user.

  The leather shape generation unit 11 is a screen for inputting pore shape parameters, uneven texture parameters, and pore position parameters, and displays a grayscale image of leather shape data temporarily generated based on the input parameters. When the parameter setting / design confirmation screen for confirmation is displayed on the display device 3 and it is designated using the external input device 2 to store the displayed leather shape data, the leather shape data is converted to the leather shape. Since it is registered in the database 21, the user can interactively create the desired leather shape data while looking at the screen.

  In addition, the minimum value and the maximum value can be input for at least some of the parameters, and the leather shape generation unit 11 determines the minimum value and the maximum value from the minimum value for each pore. Since parameters are randomly generated within the range up to the maximum value and leather shape data is generated based on the generated parameters, a more natural uneven shape can be expressed within the range desired by the user.

  Further, since the leather shape data is expressed by a height field indicating the height of the surface at a position corresponding to the element on the leather surface, the leather shape data can be easily generated.

  In this embodiment, the user can input both the pore shape parameter and the pore position parameter. However, only one of them may be input. In this case, the parameter that is not input may be a fixed value, for example, or the leather shape generation unit 11 may randomly set the pores within a predetermined range. In addition, the data such as the gray scale image representing the shape of the pores is stored in advance without using the parameters, and the leather shape generation unit 11 copies this data to the leather shape drawing area so that the leather shape data is copied. May be generated.

  Further, in this embodiment, every time the pore shape is formed one by one, the texture of the generated pore shape and the surrounding texture are formed. After forming in the shape drawing area, the texture may be formed in the entire leather shape drawing area.

  Further, the parameters of the large item and the small item included in the pore shape parameter, the uneven texture parameter, and the pore position parameter are not limited to those described in the present embodiment, and all those described in the present embodiment. Is not essential.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the leather shape data is expressed by a height field (grayscale image data as an example), but the method of expressing the leather shape data is not limited to this.

In one Embodiment, it is a flowchart which shows the flow until synthetic leather is manufactured. It is a figure showing an example of outline composition of leather shape data generation device 1 concerning one embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the workflow of the production | generation of the leather shape data which concerns on one Embodiment. It is a figure showing an example of the shape of the pore generated when the user does not change the pore shape parameter as the initial value, (a) is a view when the pore is viewed from the vertical direction of the leather surface, (B) is sectional drawing. It is a figure which shows the example of the shape of the pore produced | generated when each parameter contained in a pore shape parameter is changed from the initial value. It is a figure which shows the example of the shape of the pore produced | generated when each parameter contained in a pore shape parameter is changed from the initial value. It is a figure which shows the example of the leather surface produced | generated in the case of giving a rough surface, and the shape of a pore, (a) is a case where the rough part was endured in a pore part, (b) is a rough surface around a pore. It is a case of enduring. (A) thru | or (d) is a figure for demonstrating an uneven | corrugated texture parameter. (A) thru | or (d) are figures which show an example of a mode that the position of a pore is determined. (A) thru | or (d) are figures which show an example of a mode that the position of a pore is determined. (A) is an example of parameter control image data designated for a specific parameter, and (b) is leather shape data generated when the parameter control image data shown in (a) is designated. This is a screen display example. It is a figure which shows the example of a display of the parameter setting and design confirmation screen which concerns on one Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the example of a display of the parameter setting and design confirmation screen which concerns on one Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the process example in the leather shape production | generation part 11 of the leather shape data production | generation apparatus 1 which concerns on one Embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Leather shape data generation apparatus 2 External input device 3 Display apparatus 10 Control part 11 Leather shape generation part 20 Memory | storage part 21 Leather shape database

Claims (10)

A leather surface characteristic parameter, which is a parameter indicating a characteristic of the leather surface, and a shape parameter indicating a shape of a pore appearing on the leather surface and an arrangement parameter for controlling the arrangement of the pore; and the leather An input means used to input a leather surface feature parameter including a texture parameter indicating the texture of the surface;
Based on the input leather surface characteristic parameters, leather shape data generating means for generating leather shape data representing the uneven shape of the leather surface;
With
The leather shape data generating means
On the virtual leather surface on the leather shape data to be generated, a pore forming means for generating the pore shape based on the shape parameter and the arrangement parameter included in the leather surface characteristic parameter;
Texture forming means for forming a shape corresponding to the texture indicated by the texture parameter on the virtual leather surface on which the pore shape is formed;
A leather shape data generating device comprising: In the leather shape data generation device according to claim 1,
The texture parameter includes a range parameter indicating a range expressing the texture in the depth direction of the leather viewed from the surface,
The leather texture data generation device characterized in that the texture forming means forms a shape corresponding to the texture indicated by the texture parameter within the range in the depth direction. In the leather shape data generation device according to claim 1 or 2,
The texture parameter includes a parameter for generating predetermined noise,
The leather texture data generating device, wherein the texture forming means adds a noise shape corresponding to the texture parameter to the virtual leather surface shape on which the pore shape is formed. In the leather shape data generation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
Image data designation input means used for designating image data representing an image with two-dimensionally arranged pixel values;
A specific parameter that is at least one of the parameters included in the leather surface characteristic parameter is determined based on a pixel value of an array element corresponding to a position where the pore is disposed in the array element of the specified image data. Parameter setting means for setting for each pore;
Further comprising
The leather shape data generation means, for the specific parameter among the leather surface characteristic parameters, replaces the parameter input using the input means with the parameter set for each pore in the leather shape data. A leather shape data generation device characterized by being used for generation. In the leather shape data generation device according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
When the leather surface feature parameter includes the placement parameter,
The arrangement parameter includes a first area parameter indicating a range of a first area including a position where the pores are arranged, and a second area parameter indicating a range of a second area surrounding the first area. Including
The pore forming means may prevent the position of the pore from entering the first region for the other pores and the second region for at least one of the other pores. The leather shape data generating apparatus characterized by determining the position of each pore. In the leather shape data generation device according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
An input screen for inputting the leather surface characteristic parameter using the input means is displayed, and a display screen of the uneven shape on the leather surface represented by the leather shape data generated by the leather shape data generating means is displayed. Screen display means for
A storage instruction input means used for instructing to store the leather shape data generated and displayed on the screen of the uneven shape of the leather surface;
Storage control means for storing the leather shape data in the storage means when instructed to save the leather shape data;
The leather shape data generation device further comprising: In the leather shape data generation device according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
At least one of the leather surface characteristic parameters can be input as a parameter value a minimum value and a maximum value,
The leather shape data generation means is a parameter for which the minimum value and the maximum value are input among the leather surface characteristic parameters, and is randomly set within the range from the minimum value to the maximum value for each pore. And using the generated parameters for generating the leather shape data. In the leather shape data generation device according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
The leather shape data generating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the leather shape data is data expressed in a two-dimensional array in which each element indicates a height of the surface at a position corresponding to the element on the leather surface. A leather surface characteristic parameter, which is a parameter indicating a characteristic of the leather surface, and a shape parameter indicating a shape of a pore appearing on the leather surface and an arrangement parameter for controlling the arrangement of the pore; and the leather A leather shape representing the uneven shape of the leather surface based on the leather surface feature parameter input using the input means used to input the leather surface feature parameter including the texture parameter indicating the texture of the surface With a leather shape data generation process that generates data,
The leather shape data generation step includes:
On the virtual leather surface on the leather shape data to be generated, the shape of the pores is generated based on the shape parameter and the arrangement parameter included in the leather surface characteristic parameter,
A leather shape data generation method, wherein a shape corresponding to a texture indicated by the texture parameter is formed on the virtual leather surface where the pore shape is formed. A leather surface characteristic parameter, which is a parameter indicating a characteristic of the leather surface, and a shape parameter indicating a shape of a pore appearing on the leather surface and an arrangement parameter for controlling the arrangement of the pore; and the leather A computer included in a leather shape data generation device, comprising: a texture parameter indicating a texture of a surface; and an input means used to input a leather surface feature parameter.
Based on the input leather surface feature parameters, function as leather shape data generation means for generating leather shape data representing the uneven shape of the leather surface,
The computer as the leather shape data generating means,
On the virtual leather surface on the leather shape data to be generated, pore forming means for generating the pore shape based on the shape parameter and the arrangement parameter included in the leather surface characteristic parameter; and
Texture forming means for forming a shape corresponding to the texture indicated by the texture parameter on the virtual leather surface on which the pore shape is formed,
A leather shape data generation program characterized by functioning as