JP2010054134A - Absorption chiller and heater - Google Patents

Abstract

[PROBLEMS] Conventionally, when installing a large absorption chiller / heater, the divided chiller / heater is assembled by welding at the installation site, so there is a risk of fire due to sparks during welding, and the large-scale required for welding. There were problems such as requiring equipment and securing skilled welding engineers.
A shell, and a regenerator, a condenser, an evaporator, and an absorber housed in the shell are configured to be divided into a plurality of parts in a longitudinal direction, and the device is individually enclosed on a split end surface of the shell. Or a plurality of elastic seal members that surround all devices by combination surroundings, a liquid reservoir elastic seal member between the liquid reservoirs of the evaporator and the absorber, and a flange in which a fixing means is formed at an outer extension thereof And one flange and the other flange facing each other at the split end face are fixed by a fixing means so as to be split.
[Selection] Figure 2

Description

  This is a technology related to the structure of an absorption chiller / heater.

Conventionally, a large absorption chiller / heater that cannot be accommodated in an elevator is installed using a crane or the like before the building that houses the absorption chiller / heater is completed. When the absorption chiller / heater was renewed due to aging, etc., the building walls and floor were broken and carried in, but the absorption chiller / heater was replaced by an elevator etc. for the purpose of eliminating the inconvenience. There has been known a technique of dividing into blocks of a size that can be accommodated and carrying them to the installation site, and then welding and assembling the blocks (see Patent Document 1).
JP 2001-124438 A

In the prior art as shown in Patent Document 1, since welding is performed at the time of assembly at the installation site, there is a risk of fire due to sparks at the time of welding, and a large amount of equipment is required, and further high Since airtightness is required, there are problems such as securing skilled engineers.
Further, when the packing and the flange joint are used in place of the welding, there is a problem in terms of airtight reliability.
Further, there has been a problem that the refrigerant liquid and the absorbing solution that absorbs the refrigerant respectively staying in the liquid reservoirs of the evaporator and the absorber flow into the mutual liquid pools and deteriorate the performance.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and provides an absorption chiller / heater that can be easily assembled without performing welding and has high sealing performance when assembled at the installation site. For the purpose.
It is another object of the present invention to provide an absorption chiller / heater that does not deteriorate the performance of the evaporator and the absorber.

A regenerator, a condenser, an evaporator, an absorber, a heat exchanger, a solution pump, a refrigerant pump, a pipe connecting each of the predetermined apparatuses, a refrigerant circulating through the predetermined apparatus through the pipe, and an absorbing solution that absorbs the refrigerant, and In an absorption chiller / heater equipped with a shell for storing the regenerator, condenser, evaporator, absorber, etc.,
The shell and the regenerator, condenser, evaporator, and absorber housed in the shell are configured to be capable of being divided into a plurality of parts in the longitudinal direction. A plurality of elastic seal members surrounding all the devices, and a liquid reservoir elastic seal member between the liquid reservoirs of the evaporator and the absorber, and a flange having a fixing means formed on the outer extension thereof. The one flange and the other flange which are provided and are opposed to each other at the division end face are fixed by the fixing means so as to be divided.

  As described above, the shell and the regenerator, condenser, evaporator, and absorber accommodated in the shell are configured to be divided into a plurality of parts in the longitudinal direction, and when the shell is installed, the shell is divided, Since the divided shell is not used for welding when it is brought into the installation site and assembled, there is no risk of fire, and there is an effect that it can be easily assembled without requiring large-scale equipment and skilled technicians. Play.

Further, when a combination of a seal by a single go of a device and a seal by a combined go is used, double sealing is performed with a small number of elastic seal members, that is, each device is surrounded by an inner elastic seal member and is enclosed. The number of grooves for accommodating the elastic seal member is smaller than the case where each device is further surrounded by an outer elastic seal member to make a double seal, and the groove processing becomes easy and the sealing performance is improved because of the double seal. There is a higher effect.
Furthermore, the performance of the absorbing solution that absorbs the refrigerant liquid and the refrigerant is prevented by preventing the refrigerant liquid and the absorbing solution that absorbs the refrigerant that have accumulated in each of the liquid reservoir portions of the evaporator and the absorber from flowing into each other. It has the effect of preventing deterioration.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6 by taking a double-effect absorption refrigerator as an example.
1 is a front view of the first embodiment, FIG. 2 is a divided view taken along line II in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is taken along line II in FIG. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a double-effect absorption refrigerator. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a double-effect absorption refrigerator.

First, the structure of a double effect absorption refrigerator will be described with reference to FIG.
The double-effect absorption refrigerator includes a high temperature regenerator 2 having a boiler 1, a low temperature regenerator 3, a condenser 4, an evaporator 5, an eliminator 6, an absorber 7, a refrigerant pump 8, a solution pump 9, a heat exchanger 10, It is comprised by the pipe line which connects each said apparatus.

Next, the operation of each device will be described.
The high-temperature regenerator 2 heats an absorption solution (lithium bromide aqueous solution) that absorbs the refrigerant in the high-temperature regenerator 2 with the combustion heat of the boiler 1 to generate refrigerant vapor such as water contained in the absorption solution. An absorbent solution with a low content (hereinafter referred to as “concentrated absorbent solution”) is produced.
The low-temperature regenerator 3 has a heating tube group 3A, and the refrigerant solution containing the refrigerant in the low-temperature regenerator 3 is heated by the refrigerant vapor from the high-temperature regenerator 2 flowing into the heating tube group 3A. To produce a concentrated absorbent solution.

The condenser 4 has a cooling water pipe group 4A, and the refrigerant vapor generated in the low temperature regenerator 3 and flowing into the condenser 4 is cooled and liquefied by cooling water passing through the cooling water pipe group 4A.
The evaporator 5 has a cold water pipe group 5A and a distribution header 5B. The refrigerant liquid liquefied by the condenser 4 is distributed from the distribution header 5B to the cold water pipe group 5A to evaporate the refrigerant liquid. Cools by removing the latent heat of vaporization from the cold water that passes.

The absorber 7 distributes the concentrated absorbent solution generated in the high temperature regenerator 2 and the low temperature regenerator 3 from the distribution header 7B to the cooling water pipe group 7A, evaporates in the evaporator 5 and absorbs the absorption via the eliminator 6. The refrigerant vapor flowing into the vessel 7 is absorbed by the concentrated absorbent solution, and an absorbent solution with an increased refrigerant content (hereinafter referred to as “dilute absorbent solution”) is generated.
The refrigerant pump 8 circulates the refrigerant solution through the distribution header 5B in order to distribute the refrigerant solution accumulated in the bottom liquid reservoir of the evaporator 8 to the cold water tube group 5A.

The solution pump 9 is a low-temperature regenerator 3, a high-temperature regenerator 2, a distribution header for distributing the refrigerant-containing absorption solution accumulated in the bottom reservoir of the absorber 7 to the cooling water pipe group 7 </ b> A of the absorber 7. Circulate 7B.
The heat exchanger 10 includes a dilute absorbent solution having a low temperature sent to the low temperature regenerator 3 and the high temperature regenerator 2 by the solution pump 9 and a concentrated absorbent solution having a high temperature returning from the low temperature regenerator 3 and the high temperature regenerator 2 to the absorber 7. Exchange heat with.

Next, a first embodiment will be described based on FIGS. 1 to 3.
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 11 denotes a shell of the present invention, and the shell 11 is formed to be split into two in the longitudinal direction on the opposed surfaces of the flange 11A and the flange 11B. The container 4, the evaporator 5, and the absorber 7 are accommodated.

The storage example will be described with reference to FIG.
The shell 11 has a substantially quadrangular cross section. The inside of the shell 11 is divided into an upper region and a lower region. The upper region contains the low-temperature regenerator 3 and the condenser 4, and the lower region contains the lower region. The evaporator 5 and the absorber 7 are accommodated horizontally.
Further, an upper inner groove that surrounds the combination of the low-temperature regenerator 3 and the condenser 4 is provided on any one of the opposing end faces (here, the end face provided with the flange 11B) of the split end face of the shell 1. 12, a lower inner groove 12 surrounding the combination of the evaporator 5 and the absorber 7, and an outer groove 14 surrounding both the upper inner groove 12 and the lower inner groove 13 outside the upper inner groove 12 and the lower inner groove 13. In the upper inner groove 12, the lower inner groove 13, and the outer groove 14, inner elastic sealing members 16 and 17 made of metal or rubber such as copper, brass, and aluminum which are softer and more elastic than the flange 11B. The outer elastic seal member 18 is attached.
The “combination go” referred to here means that a plurality of devices are collectively put together.

Further, at the boundary between the evaporator 5 and the absorber 7, a vertical groove 19 standing upright from the lower inner groove 13 is generally higher of the liquid reservoir of the evaporator 15 or the liquid reservoir of the absorber 7. The linear liquid reservoir elastic seal member 20 is inserted into the longitudinal groove 19.
Note that, at the contact point between the liquid reservoir elastic seal member 20 and the elastic seal member 17 of the lower inner groove 13, both may be bonded by an adhesive or bonded as required.

  Further, fixing bolt holes 15 for joining the flanges 11A and 11B to form the shell 11 are formed on the flange 11A and the flange 11B at a predetermined interval, and both the bolt holes 15 of the flange 11A and the flange 11B are connected to the bolt holes 15 of the flange 11A and the flange 11B. Bolts that penetrate the flanges 11A and 11B are inserted, and the flanges 11A and 11B are separably fixed by the bolts and nuts.

  According to the above embodiment, when the shell 11 containing the low-temperature regenerator 3, the condenser 4, the evaporator 5, and the absorber 7 is divided and brought into the installation site and assembled, the flange surface provided with the elastic seal member Are fixed with bolts and nuts so that they can be fixed easily, and unlike welding, there is an effect that there is no danger of a fire due to sparks and large-scale equipment is unnecessary.

Further, since the elastic seal member is a double seal that is doubly arranged with the inner elastic seal members 16 and 17 and the outer elastic seal member 18, the low-temperature regenerator 3, the condenser 4, the evaporator 5, and the absorption Since the isolation performance between the vessel 7 and the atmosphere is increased, the airtight reliability, which is a problem in Patent Document 1, is not impaired.
Further, since the liquid reservoir elastic seal member 20 is provided at the boundary between the evaporator 5 and the absorber 7, the evaporator 5 can prevent the refrigerant liquid and the absorbing solution containing the refrigerant from flowing into each other. And the performance deterioration of the absorber 7 can be prevented.

Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
As shown in FIG. 4, the difference from the first embodiment is that the upper region and the lower region of the shell 11 are removed by removing the outer groove 14 and the outer elastic seal member 18 that surround the upper region and the lower region. This is a single seal in which only the inner elastic sealing members 16 and 17 surrounding the region and the liquid reservoir elastic sealing member 20 are mounted.
Accordingly, although the sealing performance is inferior to that of the double seal in the first embodiment, the number of grooves for storing the seal member is small, and there is no need to insert the seal member. Makes it easy to process

Next, a third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
The third embodiment is obtained by modifying the shape of the linear liquid reservoir elastic seal member 20 provided at the boundary between the evaporator 5 and the absorber 7 in the second embodiment.
That is, the shape of the liquid seal groove 21 into which the seal member is inserted starts from the height of the liquid reservoir in the side of the evaporator 5, and passes through the bottom of the evaporator 5 to form the evaporator 5 and the absorber 7. In the boundary portion of the boundary portion, an inverted U-shape that reverses at the height of the higher liquid reservoir in the boundary portion is formed, and subsequently on the side portion of the absorber 7 via the bottom portion of the absorber 7. It is a shape whose end point is the height of the liquid reservoir.

Therefore, the shape of the liquid reservoir elastic seal member inserted into the liquid seal groove 21 is also a shape that matches the seal groove 21.
Then, the liquid pool elastic seal member is double-sealed up to the boundary between the evaporator 5 and the absorber 7 and the side of the evaporator 5 and the absorber 7, that is, the boundary is The inverted U-shape forms a double seal, and the side and bottom portions are double-sealed by the outer elastic seal member 18.
Therefore, since the mutual flow of the refrigerant liquid and the absorbing solution that has absorbed the refrigerant at the divided end surface portion can be prevented more effectively, performance deterioration of the evaporator 5 and the absorber 7 can be prevented.

In addition to the above embodiment, an elastic seal member that surrounds the low-temperature regenerator 3, the condenser 4, the evaporator 5, and the absorber 7 is used as an inner elastic seal member, and the difference between the pressure of each device and the atmospheric pressure is increased or decreased. Accordingly, it is possible to provide an outer elastic seal member that surrounds the combination in an appropriate combination, or an elastic seal member that surrounds the combination of devices having similar pressures may be further surrounded by the outer elastic seal member. Since only the portion that further increases the reliability is sealed twice, the effect that the seal member can be used efficiently is exhibited.

Further, as another embodiment, the following may be adopted.
In the first, second, and third embodiments, an elastic O-ring is used as the seal member. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a square ring or a flat plate ring having different cross-sectional shapes may be used.
In the third embodiment, a seal member corresponding to the outer elastic seal member 18 in the first embodiment may be further added.

Shell front view of an embodiment of the present invention It is the division | segmentation figure of 1st Embodiment isolate | separated by the II line | wire of FIG. FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. This is a second embodiment. It is a third embodiment. It is a schematic block diagram of a well-known double effect absorption refrigerator.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Boiler 2 High temperature regenerator 3 Low temperature regenerator 3A Heating pipe group 4 Condenser 4A Cooling water pipe group 5 Evaporator 5A Cold water pipe group 5B Distribution header 6 Eliminator 7 Absorber 7A Cooling water pipe group 7B Distribution header 8 Refrigerant pump 9 Solution pump 10 Heat exchanger 11 Shell 11A Flange 11B Flange 12 Upper inner groove 13 Lower inner groove 14 Outer groove 15 Bolt hole 16 Inner elastic seal member 17 Inner elastic seal member 18 Outer elastic seal member 19 Vertical groove 20 Liquid pool elastic seal member 21 Liquid seal groove

Claims (3)

A regenerator, a condenser, an evaporator, an absorber, a heat exchanger, a solution pump, a refrigerant pump, a pipe connecting each of the predetermined apparatuses, a refrigerant circulating through the predetermined apparatus through the pipe, and an absorbing solution that absorbs the refrigerant, and In an absorption chiller / heater equipped with a shell for storing the regenerator, condenser, evaporator, absorber, etc.,
The shell and the regenerator, condenser, evaporator, and absorber housed in the shell are configured to be capable of being divided into a plurality of parts in the longitudinal direction. A plurality of elastic seal members surrounding all the devices, and a liquid reservoir elastic seal member between the liquid reservoirs of the evaporator and the absorber, and a flange having a fixing means formed on the outer extension thereof. An absorption chiller-heater provided and fixed so that one flange and the other flange facing each other at the split end face can be split by the fixing means.   2. The absorption type according to claim 1, wherein the liquid reservoir elastic seal member has a linear shape extending upward from an elastic seal member surrounding the combination of the evaporator and the absorber at a boundary between the evaporator and the absorber. Cold and hot water machine.   The absorption chiller / heater according to claim 1, wherein the liquid pool elastic seal member is formed in an inverted U shape at a boundary between the evaporator and the absorber.

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