JP2010014384A - Cooling and heating device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cooling and heating device improved in energy efficiency even if the cooling of storage parts is stopped and only heating is performed. <P>SOLUTION: The cooling and heating device has a refrigerant flow passage for outside air heat absorption for making a refrigerant discharged from a compressor 41 release heat in radiators 36a, 36b of storage parts 30a, 30b to be heated and absorb heat in an external heat exchanger 42. Thus, even if the cooling of the storage parts 30a, 30b, 30c is stopped and only heating is performed, thermal energy absorbed from outside air by the external heat exchanger 42 can be used for the thermal energy of the storage parts 30a, 30b to be heated, to improve energy efficiency compared with the case of heating the storage parts 30a, 30b only by electric heaters 38a, 38b. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a cooling and heating device having a plurality of storage units and cooling or heating each storage unit.

Conventionally, this type of cooling and heating apparatus includes a plurality of storage units for storing articles, a first heat exchanger provided in each storage unit, a second heat exchanger and a compressor provided outside the storage unit. And the refrigerant discharged from the compressor radiates heat in some of the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger, and radiates heat in some of the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger. A heat pump operation that heats the storage section provided with some heat exchangers and cools the storage section provided with other heat exchangers by absorbing heat in the other first heat exchanger. Is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
JP 2002-130896 A

  In the conventional cooling and heating device, the compressor is stopped when all of the storage units to be cooled reach a predetermined temperature, and heat cannot be released from the first heat exchanger in the storage unit to be heated. The storage portion is heated by an auxiliary electric heater. Heating the storage section using an electric heater is less energy efficient than heating the storage section using a heat pump operation of the refrigerant circuit. For example, in an installation condition where the cooling load is small and the heating load is large, such as in winter, the electric heater The energization time of the battery becomes long, and the power consumption may increase significantly.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a cooling and heating apparatus capable of improving energy efficiency even when cooling of a storage unit is stopped and only heating is performed.

  To achieve the above object, the present invention includes a plurality of storage units for storing articles, a first heat exchanger provided in each storage unit, a second heat exchanger and a compressor provided outside the storage unit. An external air endothermic refrigerant flow path that radiates the refrigerant discharged from the compressor in the first heat exchanger of the storage unit to be heated and absorbs heat in the second heat exchanger. I have.

  As a result, heat can be absorbed from the outside air in the second heat exchanger, so that the heat energy absorbed from the outside air is heated in the second heat exchanger even when the cooling of the storage unit is stopped and only heating is performed. It is used as thermal energy for the storage part.

  According to the present invention, even when the cooling of the storage unit is stopped and only heating is performed, the heat energy absorbed from the outside air in the second heat exchanger can be used as the heat energy of the storage unit, Energy efficiency can be improved.

  1 to 9 show a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view of a vending machine, FIG. 2 is a front sectional view of the vending machine, and FIG. 3 is a side sectional view of the vending machine. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of a vending machine showing a refrigerant circuit, FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a control system, FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram of the vending machine showing a case where all storage units are cooled, and FIG. Schematic configuration diagram of a vending machine showing a case where the first storage unit is heated and the second storage unit and the third storage unit are cooled, and FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram of the vending machine showing a case where only the storage unit is heated. FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing the operation of the control unit regarding the refrigerant channel switching operation.

  The vending machine as the cooling and heating device includes a vending machine body 10 having an open front surface and an outer door 20 that opens and closes the front surface of the vending machine body 10.

  The vending machine main body 10 is divided into an upper part and a lower part, so that a product storage unit 30 is provided in the upper part and a machine room 40 is provided in the lower part.

  The outer door 20 includes a sample display unit 21 for storing and displaying product samples of products for sale, a product selection switch 22, a coin slot 23, a bill slot 24, a return lever 25, a coin return slot 26, and a product outlet. 27 is provided on the front surface. The outer door 20 is rotatably supported at one end in the left-right direction on one end in the left-right direction of the vending machine body 10.

  The product storage unit 30 is formed with a heat insulating material 31 on the upper surface side, the back surface side, the bottom surface side, and the left and right side surfaces, and the front surface side of the product storage unit 30 is opened and closed by a heat insulating inner door 32. . The product storage unit 30 is divided into left and right by a heat insulating partition plate 33, and a first storage unit 30a, a second storage unit 30b, and a third storage unit 30c are provided. Each of the first storage unit 30a, the second storage unit 30b, and the third storage unit 30c is provided with a plurality of product storage columns 34 that store products stacked one above the other and that can carry out products one by one from the lower end side. ing.

  The first storage unit 30a heats the first evaporator 35a as a first heat exchanger for cooling the product stored in the first storage unit 30a, and the product stored in the first storage unit 30a. A first heat radiator 36a as a first heat exchanger for the first air blower 37a for circulating air that exchanges heat with the refrigerant flowing through the first evaporator 35a or the first heat radiator 36a, and the first heat radiation. A first electric heater 38a is provided to make up for the amount of heat that is insufficient when the product is heated by the vessel 36a.

  The second storage unit 30b heats the second evaporator 35b as a first heat exchanger for cooling the product stored in the second storage unit 30b, and the product stored in the second storage unit 30b. A second heat radiator 36b as a first heat exchanger, a second blower 37b for circulating air that exchanges heat with the refrigerant flowing through the second evaporator 35b or the second heat radiator 36b, and a second heat radiation. A second electric heater 38b is provided to supplement the amount of heat that is insufficient when the product is heated by the vessel 36b.

  The third storage unit 30c includes a third evaporator 35c as a heat exchanger for cooling the product stored in the third storage unit 30c, a first evaporator 35a, a second evaporator 35b, and a third evaporation. A fourth evaporator 35d for further absorbing heat from the refrigerant flowing out of the vessel 35c, and a third blower 37c for circulating air that exchanges heat with the refrigerant flowing through the third evaporator 35c and the fourth evaporator 35d. Is provided. The fourth evaporator 35d is disposed upstream of the third evaporator 35c in the air flow direction.

  In the present embodiment, the first storage unit 30a and the second storage unit 30b can be switched between cooling and heating, and the third storage unit 30c is dedicated to cooling.

  The machine room 40 is provided with an intake port and an exhaust port so that outside air can flow inside. In the machine room 40, a compressor 41 for compressing the refrigerant, an external heat exchanger 42 as a second heat exchanger that radiates or absorbs heat with respect to the air flowing through the machine room 40, and the machine room 40 A first machine room blower 43 and a second machine room blower 44 are provided for circulating external air therein.

  The compressor 41 is composed of a two-stage compressor having a low-stage compression section 41a and a high-stage compression section 41b. The sucked refrigerant is compressed by the low-stage compression section 41a and compressed by the low-stage compression section 41a. The refrigerant is further compressed and discharged in the higher stage compression section 41b. Since the two-stage compressor compresses the refrigerant in two stages, it can cope with a high operating pressure and a high differential pressure, and is applied to a refrigerant circuit using, for example, carbon dioxide as a refrigerant.

  The first machine room blower 43 and the second machine room blower 44 are each driven by an electric motor, and circulate air that exchanges heat with the refrigerant that flows through the external heat exchanger 42. Yes.

  Further, a refrigerant circuit 50 as shown in FIG. 4 is configured in the product storage unit 30 and the machine room 40, and carbon dioxide, which is a natural refrigerant and is in a supercritical state on the high pressure side, is used as the refrigerant. The refrigerant circuit 50 includes a first evaporator 35a, a second evaporator 35b, a third evaporator 35c, a fourth evaporator 35d, a first radiator 36a, a second radiator 36b, a compressor 41, and a fourth evaporator 35d. The first internal heat exchanger 51 for exchanging heat between the refrigerant flowing out from the refrigerant and the refrigerant flowing out from the external heat exchanger 42, the refrigerant flowing out of the first internal heat exchanger 51 and sucked into the compressor 41 and the first A first internal heat exchanger 52 for exchanging heat with the refrigerant flowing out of the first radiator 36a and the second radiator 36b, first to fifth expansion valves 53a, 53b, 53c, 53d, 53e as decompression means, The first to eighth electromagnetic valves 54a, 54b, 54c, 54d, 54e, 54f, 54g, and 54h as opening / closing valves for opening and closing the refrigerant flow path are connected by a copper tube or a stainless tube.

  The refrigerant discharge side of the compressor 41 is connected in parallel to the refrigerant inflow side of each of the first radiator 36a and the second radiator 36b, and the flow path on the refrigerant inflow side of the first radiator 36a and the second radiator 36b. Are provided with a first electromagnetic valve 54a and a second electromagnetic valve 54b, respectively. The refrigerant outflow sides of the first radiator 36a and the second radiator 36b are connected in parallel to the high pressure refrigerant inflow side of the second internal heat exchanger 52, and the high pressure refrigerant outflow side of the second internal heat exchanger 52 is externally connected. The refrigerant is connected to the refrigerant inflow side of the heat exchanger 42. A first expansion valve 53a and a third electromagnetic valve 54c are connected in parallel to the flow path on the refrigerant inflow side of the external heat exchanger 42. The refrigerant discharge side of the compressor 41 is connected to the flow path between the first expansion valve 53a and the third electromagnetic valve 54c and the external heat exchanger 42 via the fourth electromagnetic valve 54d. The refrigerant outflow side of the external heat exchanger 42 is connected to the high pressure refrigerant inflow side of the first internal heat exchanger 51, and the high pressure refrigerant outflow side of the first internal heat exchanger 51 is the first evaporator 35a and the second evaporation. The refrigerant 35b and the third evaporator 35c are connected in parallel to the refrigerant inflow side. A second expansion valve 53b, a third expansion valve 53c, and a fourth expansion valve 53d are provided in the flow paths on the refrigerant inflow side of the first evaporator 35a, the second evaporator 35b, and the third evaporator 35c, respectively. A fifth electromagnetic valve 54e, a sixth electromagnetic valve 54f, and a seventh electromagnetic valve 54g are provided in the flow paths upstream of the second expansion valve 53b, the third expansion valve 53c, and the fourth expansion valve 53d, respectively. A fifth expansion valve 53e is provided in the flow path between the high-pressure refrigerant outflow side of the first internal heat exchanger 51 and the fifth solenoid valve 54e, the sixth solenoid valve 54f, and the seventh solenoid valve 54g. Yes. The refrigerant outflow sides of the first evaporator 35a, the second evaporator 35b, and the third evaporator 35c are connected in parallel to the refrigerant inflow side of the fourth evaporator 35d, and the refrigerant outflow side of the fourth evaporator 35d is The first internal heat exchanger 51 is connected to the low-pressure refrigerant inflow side. The low-pressure refrigerant outflow side of the first internal heat exchanger 51 is connected to the low-pressure refrigerant inflow side of the second internal heat exchanger 52, and the low-pressure refrigerant outflow side of the second internal heat exchanger 52 is the refrigerant suction of the compressor 41. Connected to the side. In addition, in the flow path between the low-pressure refrigerant outflow side of the first internal heat exchanger 51 and the low-pressure refrigerant inflow side of the second internal heat exchanger 52, the refrigerant outflow side of the external heat exchanger 42 and the first internal heat A flow path between the exchanger 51 and the high-pressure refrigerant inflow side is connected by a bypass flow path, and an eighth electromagnetic valve 54h is provided in the bypass flow path.

  The vending machine also includes a control unit 60 for controlling the temperatures of the first storage unit 30a, the second storage unit 30b, and the third storage unit 30c.

  The control unit 60 is configured by a microcomputer, and the memory stores programs for controlling the temperatures of the first storage unit 30a, the second storage unit 30b, and the third storage unit 30c. In addition, as shown in FIG. 5, the control unit 60 includes a first blower 37a, a second blower 37b, a third blower 37c, a first electric heater 38a, a second electric heater 38b, a compressor 41, and a first machine chamber. Air blower 43, second machine room blower 44, first to eighth electromagnetic valves 54a, 54b, 54c, 54d, 54e, 54f, 54g, 54h, and the temperatures in the storage units 30a, 30b, 30c are detected. For this purpose, first to third temperature sensors 61a, 61b, 61c as storage unit temperature sensors are connected. The controller 60 receives the detection signals of the first to third temperature sensors 61a, 61b, 61c, and outputs the output signal corresponding to the detection signals of the first to third temperature sensors 61a, 61b, 61c to the first blower 37a, Second blower 37b, third blower 37c, first electric heater 38a, second electric heater 38b, compressor 41, first machine room blower 43, second machine room blower 44, first to eighth electromagnetic valves 54a , 54b, 54c, 54d, 54e, 54f, 54g, and 54h.

  In the vending machine configured as described above, when all of the first storage unit 30a, the second storage unit 30b, and the third storage unit 30c are cooled, the first electromagnetic valve 54a, the second electromagnetic valve 54b, the third electromagnetic valve The valve 54c and the eighth electromagnetic valve 54h are closed, the fourth electromagnetic valve 54d, the fifth electromagnetic valve 54e, the sixth electromagnetic valve 54f and the seventh electromagnetic valve 54g are opened, and the refrigerant circuit 50 is set as a cooling dedicated refrigerant flow path. Then, the first blower 37a, the second blower 37b, the third blower 37c, the compressor 41, the first machine room blower 43, and the second machine room blower 44 are operated. As a result, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 41 sequentially passes through the fourth electromagnetic valve 54d, the external heat exchanger 42, the high pressure side of the first internal heat exchanger 51, and the fifth expansion valve 53e as shown in FIG. It circulates and branches, and flows into the flow path provided with the fifth electromagnetic valve 54e, the sixth electromagnetic valve 54f, and the seventh electromagnetic valve 54g. The refrigerant flowing through the flow path provided with the fifth electromagnetic valve 54e flows through the second expansion valve 53b and the first evaporator 35a and flows into the fourth evaporator 35d, and the sixth electromagnetic valve 54f is provided. The refrigerant flowing through the flow path flows through the third expansion valve 53c and the second evaporator 35b and flows into the fourth evaporator 35d, and the refrigerant flowing through the flow path provided with the seventh electromagnetic valve 54g is It flows through the fourth expansion valve 53d and the third evaporator 35c and flows into the fourth evaporator 35d. The refrigerant flowing out of the fourth evaporator 35d is sucked into the compressor 41 through the low pressure side of the first internal heat exchanger 51 and the low pressure side of the second internal heat exchanger 52.

  When the first storage unit 30a is heated and the second storage unit 30b and the third storage unit 30c are cooled, the second electromagnetic valve 54b, the fourth electromagnetic valve 54d, the fifth electromagnetic valve 54e, and the eighth electromagnetic valve 54h. And the first solenoid valve 54a, the third solenoid valve 54c, the sixth solenoid valve 54f and the seventh solenoid valve 54g are opened to set the refrigerant circuit 50 to the cooling and heating refrigerant flow path, and the first blower 37a, The second blower 37b, the third blower 37c, the compressor 41, the first machine room blower 43, and the second machine room blower 44 are operated. Thereby, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 41 is, as shown in FIG. 7, the first electromagnetic valve 54a, the first radiator 36a, the high pressure side of the second internal heat exchanger 52, the third electromagnetic valve 54c, the external The heat exchanger 42, the high pressure side of the first internal heat exchanger 51, and the fifth expansion valve 53e are sequentially circulated and branched to flow into the flow path provided with the sixth electromagnetic valve 54f and the seventh electromagnetic valve 54g. The refrigerant flowing through the flow path provided with the sixth electromagnetic valve 54f flows through the third expansion valve 53c and the second evaporator 35b and flows into the fourth evaporator 35d, and the seventh electromagnetic valve 54g is provided. The refrigerant flowing through the flow path flows through the fourth expansion valve 53d and the third evaporator 35c and flows into the fourth evaporator 35d. The refrigerant flowing out of the fourth evaporator 35d is sucked into the compressor 41 through the low pressure side of the first internal heat exchanger 51 and the low pressure side of the second internal heat exchanger 52. Here, the refrigerant flowing out from the high pressure refrigerant outflow side of the second internal heat exchanger 52 is the refrigerant flow path on the first expansion valve 53a side due to the difference in flow resistance between the first expansion valve 53a and the third electromagnetic valve 54c. Without passing through the refrigerant flow path on the third electromagnetic valve 54c side.

  When the second storage unit 30b is heated and the first storage unit 30a and the third storage unit 30c are cooled, the first electromagnetic valve 54a, the fourth electromagnetic valve 54d, the sixth electromagnetic valve 54f, and the eighth electromagnetic valve 54h. And the second solenoid valve 54b, the third solenoid valve 54c, the fifth solenoid valve 54e and the seventh solenoid valve 54g are opened to set the refrigerant circuit 50 to the cooling and heating refrigerant flow path, and the first blower 37a, The second blower 37b, the third blower 37c, the compressor 41, the first machine room blower 43, and the second machine room blower 44 are operated.

  Further, when the first storage unit 30a and the second storage unit 30b are heated and the third storage unit 30c is cooled, the fourth electromagnetic valve 54d, the fifth electromagnetic valve 54e, the sixth electromagnetic valve 54f, and the eighth electromagnetic valve 54h. And the first solenoid valve 54a, the second solenoid valve 54b, the third solenoid valve 54c and the seventh solenoid valve 54g are opened to set the refrigerant circuit 50 to the cooling and heating refrigerant flow path, and the first blower 37a, The second blower 37b, the third blower 37c, the compressor 41, the first machine room blower 43, and the second machine room blower 44 are operated.

  As described above, during the heat pump operation that heats the first storage unit 30a and cools the second storage unit 30b and the third storage unit 30c, the temperature control of the second storage unit 30b and the third storage unit 30c to be cooled is performed. These are performed by opening and closing the corresponding sixth solenoid valve 54f and seventh solenoid valve 54g. Further, the temperature control of the first storage section 30a to be heated is performed by opening and closing the first electromagnetic valve 54a, energizing the first electric heaters 38a and 38b, and stopping the energization. The operation of the compressor 41 is stopped when the first storage part 30a to be heated becomes equal to or higher than the set temperature and the second storage part 30b and the third storage part 30c to be cooled become lower than the set temperature. When the compressor 41 is stopped, the pressure in the refrigerant circuit 50 is opened by opening the sixth electromagnetic valve 54f and the seventh electromagnetic valve 54g located upstream of the second evaporator 35b and the third evaporator 35c that absorb heat. Homogenize.

  In addition, during the heat pump operation that heats the first storage unit 30a and cools the second storage unit 30b and the third storage unit 30c, the temperature of the second storage unit 30b and the third storage unit 30c to be cooled is higher than a predetermined temperature. When the temperature of the first storage portion 30a to be heated becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature, the first electromagnetic valve 54a is closed, the fourth electromagnetic valve 54d is opened, and the refrigerant circuit 50 is set as a cooling-only refrigerant flow path.

  In addition, during the heat pump operation that heats the first storage unit 30a and cools the second storage unit 30b and the third storage unit 30c, the first storage unit 30a to be heated is lower than a predetermined temperature, and the second storage unit 30b and the second storage unit 30b When the three storage portions 30c are below the predetermined temperature, the third solenoid valve 54c, the sixth solenoid valve 54f, and the seventh solenoid valve 54g are closed, the eighth solenoid valve 54h is opened, and the refrigerant circuit 50 is opened to the outside air. Set to endothermic refrigerant flow path. Thereby, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 41 is, as shown in FIG. 8, the first electromagnetic valve 54a, the first radiator 36a, the high pressure side of the second internal heat exchanger 52, the first expansion valve 53a, the external The heat exchanger 42, the eighth electromagnetic valve 54h, and the second internal heat exchanger 52 are sequentially passed through the low pressure side and sucked into the compressor 41. Therefore, the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 50 dissipates heat in the first radiator 36a corresponding to the first storage portion 30a to be heated, and absorbs heat in the external heat exchanger 42. Further, when the amount of heat radiation in the first radiator 36a of the first storage unit 30a is insufficient, the amount of heat is compensated by energizing the corresponding first electric heater 38a.

  Further, the operation of the control unit 60 when only the heating of the first storage unit 30a is started when the compressor 41 is stopped will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

  The compressor 41 is stopped (step S1), the detected temperatures T of the temperature sensors 61b and 61c of the second storage unit 30b and the third storage unit 30c to be cooled are equal to or lower than the set temperature Tc (step S2), and the first heats up. When the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 61a of the storage unit 30a is lower than the set temperature Th (step S3), the refrigerant circuit 50 is set to the cooling dedicated refrigerant channel or the cooling heating refrigerant channel (step S4). Operation is performed (step S5). When a predetermined time has elapsed from the start of the operation of the compressor 41 (step S6), the refrigerant circuit 50 is set to the outside air endothermic refrigerant flow path (step S7).

  As described above, according to the vending machine of the present embodiment, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 41 is radiated in the radiators 36a and 36b of the storage units 30a and 30b to be heated, and the outside air is absorbed in the external heat exchanger 42. Since the refrigerant flow path for heat absorption is provided, the storage units 30a, 30a, 30b, 30c for heating the heat energy absorbed from the outside air in the external heat exchanger 42 even when the cooling of the storage units 30a, 30b, 30c is stopped and only heating is performed. It can be used as thermal energy of 30b, and energy efficiency can be improved as compared with the case where the storage portions 30a and 30b are heated only by the electric heaters 38a and 38b.

  Also, the first to eighth electromagnetic valves 54a, 54b, 54c, 54d, 54e, 54f, 54g, 54h and the first expansion valve 53a and the cooling dedicated refrigerant channel, the cooling heating refrigerant channel, and the outside air endothermic refrigerant channel. Therefore, the refrigerant flow path can be switched without using expensive equipment such as a four-way valve, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

  In addition, when switching from the cooling-only refrigerant flow path or the cooling / heating refrigerant flow path to the outside air endothermic refrigerant flow path, the refrigerant flowing out of the external heat exchanger 42 is not circulated through the first internal heat exchanger 51. 2 Since the refrigerant flows into the flow path of the refrigerant sucked into the compressor 41 of the internal heat exchanger 52, the storage section 30a that heats the refrigerant flowing out of the external heat exchanger 42 in the external air heat absorption refrigerant flow path, Heat can be exchanged with the refrigerant flowing out of the radiators 36a and 36b of 30b, and energy efficiency can be improved even in the operation of heating only the storage portions 30a and 30b.

  Further, a bypass flow path that connects the refrigerant outflow side of the external heat exchanger 42 to the flow path of the refrigerant sucked into the compressor 41 of the second internal heat exchanger 52 without passing through the first internal heat exchanger 51. And the eighth electromagnetic valve 54h provided in the bypass flow path so that the flow path of the refrigerant flowing out of the external heat exchanger 42 is switched to the first internal heat exchanger 51 or the second internal heat exchanger 52. Therefore, the flow path of the refrigerant flowing out of the external heat exchanger 42 can be switched with a simple structure, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

  In addition, since the refrigerant circuit 50 is set to the cooling-only refrigerant flow path or the cooling-heating refrigerant flow path, the operation of the compressor 41 is started, and after a predetermined time has elapsed, the refrigerant circuit 50 is switched to the outside air endothermic refrigerant flow path. The heat released by the refrigerant in the external heat exchanger 42 in the state set to the cooling dedicated refrigerant flow path or the cooling heating refrigerant flow path is set in the external heat absorption refrigerant flow path, and the refrigerant in the external heat exchanger 42 is set. It can absorb, and it becomes possible to heat the storage parts 30a and 30b to be heated in a short time.

  In the above-described embodiment, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 41 is used as the outside air heat absorption refrigerant flow path, the radiators 36a and 36b of the storage units 30a and 30b, the second internal heat exchanger 52, and the first expansion valve. 53a, the external heat exchanger 42, the second internal heat exchanger 52, and the compressor 41 are sequentially circulated. However, as shown in FIG. The radiators 36a and 36b, the second internal heat exchanger 52, the first expansion valve 53a, the external heat exchanger 42, the first internal heat exchanger 51, and the fourth of the storage units 30a and 30b that heat the refrigerant discharged from The expansion valve 53e, the second to fourth expansion valves 53b, 53c, 53d, the evaporators 35a, 35b, 35c of the storage portions 30a, 30b, 30c to be cooled, the fourth evaporator 35d, the first internal heat exchanger 51, the first 2 Internal heat exchanger 52, compressor It may be caused to sequentially and cyclically to 1. In this case, while the external heat exchanger 42 absorbs heat from the refrigerant, it is possible to cool some of the storage units 30a, 30b, 30c and simultaneously heat the other storage units 30a, 30b.

  In the above embodiment, the expansion valves 53a, 53b, 53c, 53d, and 53e are used. Even if a capillary tube is used instead of the expansion valve, the same effect as in the above embodiment can be obtained. Is possible.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, the 1st expansion valve 53a is provided in the flow path of the refrigerant | coolant inflow side of the external heat exchanger 42, and the refrigerant | coolant inflow side of the 1st evaporator 35a, the 2nd evaporator 35b, and the 3rd evaporator 35c is provided. A second expansion valve 53b, a third expansion valve 53c, and a fourth expansion valve 53d are provided in the flow path, respectively, and the high-pressure refrigerant outflow side of the first internal heat exchanger 51, the fifth electromagnetic valve 54e, the sixth electromagnetic valve 54f, and the 7 is shown in which the fifth expansion valve 53e is provided in the flow path to the electromagnetic valve 54g, but the first expansion valve 53a is provided in the flow path on the refrigerant inflow side of the external heat exchanger 42 and the second to second Only the fourth expansion valve 53b, 53c, 53d may be provided, or the first expansion valve 53a and the fifth electromagnetic valve 54e are provided in the flow path on the refrigerant inflow side of the external heat exchanger 42. Also good.

  FIG. 11 shows a second embodiment of the present invention and is a schematic configuration diagram of a vending machine showing a refrigerant circuit. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and shown to the component similar to the said embodiment.

  In this vending machine, the external heat exchanger 42 is provided as a flow path different from the heat dissipation flow path 42a and the heat dissipation flow path 42a for dissipating the refrigerant that has passed through the high pressure side of the second internal heat exchanger 52. A heat absorption passage 42b for absorbing heat of the refrigerant that has passed through the high pressure side of the second internal heat exchanger 52;

  In the refrigerant circuit 50, the high-pressure refrigerant outflow side of the second internal heat exchanger 52 is connected to the refrigerant inflow side of the heat radiation channel 42a of the external heat exchanger 42 via the third electromagnetic valve 54c, and the refrigerant in the heat radiation channel 42a. The high pressure refrigerant inflow side of the first internal heat exchanger 51 is connected to the outflow side, and the high pressure refrigerant outflow side of the second internal heat exchanger 52 is connected to the refrigerant inflow side of the heat absorption passage 42b via the first expansion valve 53a. The low-pressure refrigerant inflow side of the second internal heat exchanger 52 is connected to the refrigerant outflow side of the heat absorption passage 42b.

  In the vending machine configured as described above, the third solenoid valve 54c is opened when the cooling dedicated cooling medium flow path and the cooling heating refrigerant flow path are set. Thereby, the refrigerant flowing out of the radiators 36a and 36b of the storage portions 30a and 30b to be heated and passing through the second internal heat exchanger 52 is caused by the difference in flow resistance between the third electromagnetic valve 54c and the first expansion valve 53a. The heat is radiated through the heat radiation passage 42a of the external heat exchanger 42.

  Moreover, when setting to the outside air heat absorption refrigerant flow path, the third electromagnetic valve 54c is closed. As a result, the refrigerant flowing out of the radiators 36a and 36b of the storage units 30a and 30b to be heated and passing through the second internal heat exchanger 52 is decompressed by the first expansion valve 53a and is absorbed by the external heat exchanger 42. It circulates through the path 42b and absorbs heat.

  Thus, according to the vending machine of the present embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the external heat exchanger 42 can be used even when only the heating is performed by stopping the cooling of the storage units 30a, 30b, and 30c. The heat energy absorbed from the outside air can be used as the heat energy of the storage portions 30a and 30b, and the energy efficiency can be improved as compared with the case where the storage portions 30a and 30b are heated only by the electric heaters 38a and 38b. It becomes possible to plan.

  In addition, the external heat exchanger 42 is provided with a heat dissipation channel 42a for radiating the refrigerant and a heat absorption channel 42b for absorbing the refrigerant, and the external heat exchanger 42 is connected to the refrigerant inflow side of the heat dissipation channel 42a. 2 connecting the high-pressure refrigerant outflow side of the internal heat exchanger 52 via the third solenoid valve 54c, connecting the high-pressure refrigerant inflow side of the first internal heat exchanger 51 to the refrigerant outflow side of the heat radiation passage 42a, The high pressure refrigerant outflow side of the second internal heat exchanger 52 is connected to the refrigerant inflow side of the heat absorption flow path 42b via the first expansion valve 53a, and the second internal heat exchanger 52 of the heat absorption flow path 42b is connected to the refrigerant outflow side of the heat absorption flow path 42b. By connecting the low-pressure refrigerant inflow side, the flow path of the refrigerant flowing out of the external heat exchanger 42 is switched to the first internal heat exchanger 51 or the second internal heat exchanger 52. Flow from the external heat exchanger 42 by opening and closing 54c To be able to switch the flow path of the refrigerant, it is possible to reduce the manufacturing cost.

1 is an overall perspective view of a vending machine showing a first embodiment of the present invention. Front sectional view of vending machine Side view of vending machine Schematic configuration diagram of vending machine showing refrigerant circuit Block diagram showing the control system Schematic diagram of vending machine showing the case where all the storage parts are cooled Schematic configuration diagram of a vending machine showing a case where the first storage unit is heated and the second storage unit and the third storage unit are cooled. Schematic block diagram of vending machine showing the case where only the storage part is heated The flowchart which shows operation | movement of the control part regarding switching operation | movement of a refrigerant flow path. Schematic configuration diagram of a vending machine showing other refrigerant passages for endothermic heat absorption The schematic block diagram of the vending machine which shows the refrigerant circuit which shows 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

  30 ... Product storage unit, 30a ... First storage unit, 30b ... Second storage unit, 30c ... Third storage unit, 35a ... First evaporator, 35b ... Second evaporator, 35c ... Third evaporator, 36a ... 1st radiator, 36b ... 2nd radiator, 41 ... compressor, 42 ... external heat exchanger, 42a ... heat radiation channel, 42b ... heat absorption channel, 50 ... refrigerant circuit, 51 ... first internal heat exchanger, 52 ... 2nd internal heat exchanger, 53a ... 1st expansion valve, 54a-h ... 1st-8th solenoid valve, 60 ... control part.

Claims (9)

A cooling and heating apparatus comprising a plurality of storage units for storing articles, a first heat exchanger provided in each storage unit, a second heat exchanger provided outside the storage unit, and a refrigerant circuit having a compressor. ,
A cooling and heating apparatus, comprising: an external air endothermic refrigerant flow path that radiates the refrigerant discharged from the compressor in the first heat exchanger of the storage section to be heated and absorbs heat in the second heat exchanger. A cooling-only refrigerant flow path that radiates the refrigerant discharged from the compressor in the second heat exchanger and absorbs heat in the first heat exchanger of the storage unit for cooling;
It comprises an on-off valve for opening and closing the refrigerant flow path and a pressure reducing means for reducing the pressure of the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant flow path, and comprises a switching means for switching between a cooling dedicated refrigerant circuit and an external air endothermic refrigerant flow path. The cooling heating apparatus according to claim 1. A refrigerant flow channel for cooling and heating that discharges the refrigerant discharged from the compressor in the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger of the storage unit to be heated and absorbs heat in the first heat exchanger of the storage unit to be cooled;
A switching means for switching between a cooling and heating refrigerant channel and an outside air endothermic refrigerant channel, comprising: an on-off valve that opens and closes the refrigerant channel; and a decompression unit that decompresses the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant channel. The cooling heating apparatus according to claim 1. A cooling-only refrigerant flow path that radiates the refrigerant discharged from the compressor in the second heat exchanger and absorbs heat in the first heat exchanger of the storage unit for cooling;
A refrigerant flow channel for cooling and heating that discharges the refrigerant discharged from the compressor in the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger of the storage unit to be heated and absorbs heat in the first heat exchanger of the storage unit to be cooled;
A switching means for switching between an on-off valve that opens and closes the refrigerant flow path and a pressure reducing means that depressurizes the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant flow path, and that switches between a cooling dedicated refrigerant flow path, a cooling heating refrigerant flow path, and an outside air endothermic refrigerant flow path; The cooling and heating device according to claim 1, comprising: In the cooling dedicated circuit and the cooling / heating refrigerant flow path, the refrigerant flows from the second heat exchanger toward the first heat exchanger of the storage unit to be cooled, and flows out from the first heat exchanger of the storage unit to be cooled. A first internal heat exchanger for exchanging heat with the refrigerant;
A second internal heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the refrigerant flowing out of the first heat exchanger of the storage section to be heated and the refrigerant sucked into the compressor in the cooling and heating refrigerant flow path;
When switching from the cooling-only refrigerant channel or the cooling / heating refrigerant channel to the outside heat absorption refrigerant channel, the refrigerant flowing out of the second heat exchanger is allowed to flow through the second internal heat without passing through the first internal heat exchanger. The cooling and heating device according to claim 4, further comprising switching means for flowing through a flow path of the refrigerant sucked into the compressor of the exchanger. Bypass flow path for connecting the switching means to the refrigerant flow path of the second heat exchanger without passing through the first internal heat exchanger, to the flow path of the refrigerant sucked into the compressor of the second internal heat exchanger And an on-off valve for opening and closing the bypass flow path. A heat radiation path for radiating the refrigerant that has flowed out of the first heat exchanger of the storage unit to be heated and passed through the second internal heat exchanger to the second heat exchanger, and the first heat exchanger of the storage unit to be heated An endothermic flow path that absorbs heat from the refrigerant that has flowed out of the refrigerant and passed through the second internal heat exchanger,
The switching means is connected to the refrigerant flow path that flows out from the first heat exchanger of the storage section that heats the refrigerant inflow side of the heat release flow path of the second heat exchanger and passes through the second internal heat exchanger via an on-off valve. And connecting the refrigerant flow path flowing toward the first heat exchanger of the first internal heat exchanger to the refrigerant outflow side of the heat dissipation flow path and heating the refrigerant inflow side of the heat absorption flow path The refrigerant flow path that has flowed out of the first heat exchanger and passed through the second internal heat exchanger is connected via a decompression means, and is connected to the refrigerant outflow side of the heat absorption flow path to the compressor of the second internal heat exchanger. The cooling and heating apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the cooling and heating apparatus is configured by connecting to a flow path of a refrigerant to be sucked. The cooling and heating apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein carbon dioxide is used as the refrigerant. 5. The control device according to claim 4, further comprising control means for starting operation of the compressor in a state set to the cooling dedicated refrigerant flow path or the cooling heating refrigerant flow path and switching to an outside air heat absorption refrigerant circuit after a predetermined time has elapsed. The cooling heating apparatus of any one of thru | or 8.

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