JP2010000428A - Microreactor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a microreactor in which a mixing time is shortened. <P>SOLUTION: The microreactor 1 in which two or more kinds of fluids are introduced into a minute flow passage and mixed there with one another, is provided with: mixing flow passages 36, 41, 44 extending to the axial direction; first supply flow passages 33A, 34A, 33B, 34B, 39 which are arranged apart from one another in the circumferential direction and are used for supplying a first fluid; second supply flow passages 35A, 35B, 40 which are arranged apart from one another in the circumferential direction and are used for supplying a second fluid; first introduction flow passages 37, 42 for introducing the first fluid supplied through the first supply flow passages into the mixing flow passages; and second introduction flow passages 38, 43 for introducing the second fluid supplied through the second supply flow passages into the mixing flow passages. The first introduction flow passages 37, 42 and the second introduction flow passages 38, 43 are arranged in multiple stages in the axial direction and arranged alternately in the circumferential direction in each stage. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a microreactor used for chemical synthesis, chemical analysis, or the like, and more particularly to a microreactor that introduces and mixes a plurality of types of fluids in a fine channel.

  In recent years, a microreactor (reactor) that has a microchannel having a cross-sectional dimension of several μm to several hundred μm and introduces and mixes (contacts) plural types of fluids in this microchannel to cause a chemical reaction. ) Is attracting attention. In this microreactor, since the cross-sectional dimension of the flow path is small, the mixing time is shortened. In particular, the effect of increasing the reaction yield can be expected in a sequential reaction system.

For example, mixing of fluids under laminar flow conditions is mainly due to molecular diffusion, and the mixing time t _m [s] is expressed by the following formula (1). In formula (1), W is a diffusion distance [m], and D is a molecular diffusion coefficient [m ² / s].

  As shown by the above formula (1), the mixing time is proportional to the square of the diffusion distance (in other words, the center-to-center distance between a plurality of types of fluids that come into contact). Therefore, for example, in a microreactor having a Y-shaped or T-shaped merged flow path, if the cross-sectional dimension of the flow path is reduced, the diffusion distance is reduced and the mixing time can be shortened. However, if the cross-sectional dimension of the flow path is reduced, the linear flow rate is increased and the pressure loss is increased, so that it is difficult to increase the flow rate.

  Therefore, the width of the mixing channel is divided into the first introduction channel (branch inflow hole) for introducing the first type fluid and the second introduction channel (branch inflow hole and channel) for introducing the second type fluid. There has been proposed a microreactor that is alternately arranged in a direction and connected to a mixing channel and formed so that the width dimension of the mixing channel gradually decreases in the flow direction (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In the mixing flow path of this microreactor, the first type fluid and the second type fluid are combined in a multi-layered manner and contracted, so that the diffusion distance can be reduced and the mixing time can be shortened. It has become.

JP-A-2005-180320

  However, the above prior art has room for improvement as follows. That is, in the microreactor, the first introduction channel and the second introduction channel are alternately arranged in the width direction of the mixing channel and connected to the mixing channel. The number of introduction channels is increased. For this reason, in the region immediately after merging, the flow path width dimension is large and the diffusion distance is large, so there is room for improvement in terms of shortening the mixing time.

  The objective of this invention is providing the reactor which can aim at shortening of mixing time.

  (1) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a microreactor in which a plurality of types of fluids are introduced and mixed in a fine channel, and a mixing channel extending in one direction, A plurality of first supply channels that supply the first type fluid, and a plurality of first supply channels that are separated from each other in the circumferential direction around the mixing channel; From each of the plurality of first supply channels so that the first type fluid and the second type fluid merge for the first time in the mixing channel for a plurality of second supply channels for supplying seed fluid. A plurality of first introduction flow paths for introducing the supplied first type fluid into the mixing flow path, and a second type fluid supplied from each of the plurality of second supply flow paths to the mixing flow path. A plurality of second introduction channels to be introduced, the plurality of first introduction channels and the plurality of second Iriryu path, as well as arranged in a plurality of stages in the flow direction of the mixing channel, arranged alternately in the circumferential direction around the mixing flow path in each stage.

  As described above, in the present invention, the plurality of first introduction flow paths and the plurality of second introduction flow paths are arranged in a plurality of stages in the flow direction of the mixing flow path, and each stage has a circle centered on the mixing flow path. Alternatingly arranged in the circumferential direction. Thus, unlike the prior art described in Patent Document 1, the first type fluid and the second type fluid can be combined in a multilayer shape without increasing the cross-sectional dimension of the mixing flow path. The diffusion distance can also be reduced in the region immediately after. Therefore, the mixing time can be shortened.

  (2) In the above (1), preferably, the plurality of first introduction flow paths and the plurality of second introduction flow paths are alternately arranged in the flow direction of the mixing flow path.

  (3) In the above (1) or (2), preferably, the flow in the mixing channel is configured to be turbulent.

  (4) In any one of the above (1) to (3), preferably, the plurality of first supply channels, the plurality of second supply channels, and the mixing channel are partially configured. And at least two merging channel members in which through holes constituting the plurality of first introduction channels and the plurality of second introduction channels are formed in each stage, the plurality of first supply channels, the plurality of A plurality of through-holes partially forming the second supply flow channel and the mixing flow channel, and the plurality of first introduction flow channels and the plurality of second introduction flow channel walls At least one partition wall member, and the merging channel member and the partition member are alternately stacked.

  With the configuration of such a microreactor, the number of stages of the introduction flow path can be easily changed, and a desired production amount of the reaction fluid can be easily handled. In addition, the joining flow path member and the like can be shared in a plurality of stages, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

  According to the present invention, the mixing time can be shortened.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a microreactor system to which an embodiment of the microreactor of the present invention is applied.

  In FIG. 1, a microreactor system includes a microreactor 1 that introduces and mixes a first type fluid and a second type fluid in a fine channel having a channel cross-sectional dimension of several μm to several hundred μm, and the microreactor 1. A first supply system 2 for supplying the first type fluid, a second supply system 3 for supplying the second type fluid to the microreactor 1, and a discharge system for discharging the mixed fluid (reaction fluid) mixed in the microreactor 1. 4 is provided.

  The first supply system 2 includes a tank 5 that stores the first type fluid, and a liquid feed pump 8 that supplies the first type fluid stored in the tank 5 to the microreactor 1 via the pipe 6 and the joint 7. have. The second supply system 3 includes a tank 9 that stores the second type fluid, and a liquid feed pump 12 that supplies the second type fluid stored in the tank 9 to the microreactor 1 via the pipe 10 and the joint 11. have. The discharge system 4 is for discharging the mixed fluid (reaction fluid) mixed in the microreactor 1 through the joint 13 and the piping 14 and has a tank 15 for storing the discharged reaction fluid. .

  A preheating section 16 for heating or cooling the first type fluid is provided in the middle of the pipe 6 of the first supply system 2, and the second type fluid is provided in the middle of the pipe 10 of the second supply system 3. The preheating part 17 which heats or cools is provided. A staying portion 18 for adjusting the reaction time of the mixed fluid is provided in the middle of the piping 14 of the discharge system 4. The microreactor 1, the preheating units 16, 17, the staying unit 18, and the like are installed in the constant temperature water tank 19, and the heating / cooling source 20 is controlled by the temperature controller 21 to be adjusted to a predetermined temperature. It has become so.

  In such a microreactor system, various chemical reactions can be performed by appropriately selecting the type and concentration of the fluid. The temperature of the constant temperature water tank 19 and the flow rates of the liquid feed pumps 8 and 12 are set according to the selected reaction system.

  FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the microreactor 1, and FIG. 3 is an axial sectional view taken along section III-III in FIG. 4 to 8 are plan views illustrating the structures of the first buffer member, the second buffer member, the first-stage merging flow path member, the second-stage merging flow path member, and the mixing flow path member, respectively. In FIG. 3, the solid arrow indicates the flow of the first type fluid, the dotted arrow indicates the flow of the second type fluid, and the white arrow indicates the flow of the mixed fluid (reaction fluid). Yes. 3 to 8, illustration of bolt insertion holes and the like is omitted for the sake of convenience.

  2-8, the substantially cylindrical microreactor 1 includes a first buffer member 22, a second buffer member 23, a first stage merging channel member 24, a second stage merging channel member 25, and a mixing channel member. 26 is laminated in the axial direction (vertical direction in FIGS. 2 and 3). Bolt insertion holes (not shown) are formed at corresponding positions of the members 22 to 26, and bolts 27 are inserted into the bolt insertion holes of the members 22 to 26 so that the members 22 to 26 are fastened to each other. It has become. In addition, O-rings 28A to 28G are provided on the upper surfaces of the members 22 to 25 in order to prevent fluid leakage from the gaps between the members 22 to 26.

  The first buffer member 22 includes a first buffer chamber 29 formed so as to open on the upper surface, and a first buffer supply port 30 formed so as to communicate with the first buffer chamber 29 and open on the lower surface. Have. The first type fluid from the first supply system 2 is supplied to the first buffer chamber 29 via the first buffer supply port 30 to be temporarily stored. An annular groove located on the outer peripheral side with respect to the opening of the first buffer chamber 29 is formed on the upper surface of the first buffer member 22, and an O-ring 28 </ b> A is inserted into this annular groove.

  The second buffer member 23 includes a second buffer chamber 31 formed so as to open on the upper surface, and a second buffer supply port 32 formed so as to communicate with the second buffer chamber 31 and open on the side surface. Have. The second type fluid from the second supply system 3 is supplied to the second buffer chamber 31 via the second buffer supply port 32 and is temporarily stored. Further, the second buffer chamber 31 of the second buffer member 23 has a smaller diameter than the first buffer chamber 29 of the first buffer member 22. And in the outer peripheral side region (in other words, the region located on the outer peripheral side with respect to the buffer chamber 32) of the second buffer member 23, the second buffer member 23 is disposed apart from each other in the circumferential direction (in other words, the distance from the center). For example, eight first supply holes 33A and 33B penetrating in the axial direction so as to communicate with the first buffer chamber 29 of the first buffer member 22 (where 33A and 33B are Are referred to as being alternately arranged in the circumferential direction). An annular groove located on the outer peripheral side with respect to the opening of the second buffer chamber 31 is formed on the upper surface of the second buffer member 23, and an O-ring 28B is inserted into the annular groove. Further, on the upper surface of the second buffer member 23, there are formed eight annular grooves positioned on the outer peripheral side with respect to the respective openings of the first supply holes 33A and 33B, and an O-ring 28C is inserted into these annular grooves. ing.

  The first-stage merging flow path member 24 is disposed at substantially the same cross-sectional position as the first supply holes 33A and 33B of the second buffer member 23, and penetrates in the axial direction so as to communicate with the first supply holes 33A and 33B, respectively. The first supply holes 34A, 34B (herein, the first supply hole 34A communicates with the first supply hole 33A, and the first supply hole 34B communicates with the first supply hole 33B), and these The second buffer member 23 is disposed on the inner side of the first supply holes 34A and 34B and spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction (in other words, at a position where the distance from the center is substantially equal). 2 Eight second supply holes 35A and 35B penetrating in the axial direction so as to communicate with the buffer chamber 31 (here, 35A and 35B are referred to as being alternately arranged in the circumferential direction), and at the center of the upper surface Formed mixing And a 36. Then, on the upper surface of the first-stage merging flow path member 24, each of the four first supply holes 34A and the four second supply holes 35A are communicated with each of the four first supply holes 34A and the mixing groove 36. And four second introduction grooves 38 that allow the mixing groove 36 to communicate with each other. Further, four annular grooves located on the outer peripheral side with respect to the respective openings of the first supply holes 34B are formed on the upper surface of the first-stage merging flow path member 24, and an O-ring 28D is formed in these annular grooves. Has been inserted. Further, four annular grooves located on the outer peripheral side with respect to the respective openings of the second supply holes 35B are formed on the upper surface of the first-stage merging flow path member 24, and an O-ring 28E is formed in these annular grooves. Has been inserted. Further, an annular groove located on the outer peripheral side with respect to the first introduction groove 37, the second introduction groove 38, and the like is formed on the upper surface of the first stage joining flow path member 24, and an O-ring 28F is formed in the annular groove. Has been inserted.

  The second-stage merging flow path member 25 is disposed at substantially the same cross-sectional position as the first supply hole 34B of the first-stage merging flow path member 24, and penetrates in the axial direction so as to communicate with the first supply holes 34B, respectively. The four first supply holes 39 and the second supply through holes 35B of the first stage merging flow path member 24 are arranged at substantially the same cross-sectional position, and penetrate in the axial direction so as to communicate with the second supply through holes 35B, respectively. The four second supply holes 40 and the mixing hole 41 that is located in the center and penetrates in the axial direction so as to communicate with the mixing groove 36 of the first-stage merging flow path member 24 are provided. Then, on the upper surface of the second-stage merging flow path member 25, four first introduction grooves 42 for communicating each of the first supply holes 39 and the mixing holes 41, each of the second supply holes 40, and the mixing holes 41 are provided. And four second introduction grooves 43 are formed. At this time, the communication position of the first introduction groove 42 in the mixing hole 41 overlaps the communication position of the second introduction groove 38 in the mixing groove 36 described above. The communication position of the second introduction groove 43 in the mixing hole 41 overlaps the communication position of the first introduction groove 37 in the mixing groove 36 described above. Further, an annular groove located on the outer peripheral side with respect to the first introduction groove 42, the second introduction groove 43, and the like is formed on the upper surface of the second stage merging flow path member 25, and an O-ring 28G is formed in the annular groove. Is to be inserted.

  The mixing channel member 26 has a mixing hole 44 that is located in the center and penetrates in the axial direction so as to communicate with the mixing hole 41 of the second-stage merging channel member 25.

  In addition, what is necessary is just to use metals, such as stainless steel, glass, a silicon | silicone, or resin for the material of the members 22-26, for example according to the kind of fluid. Moreover, the fine flow paths of the members 22 to 26 are formed by, for example, machining such as an end mill, electric discharge machining, etching, or molding.

  In the microreactor 1 configured as described above, the mixing groove 36, the mixing hole 41, and the mixing hole 44 constitute a mixing channel extending in the axial direction. The first introduction groove 37 constitutes a first-stage first introduction flow channel for introducing the first type fluid into the mixing flow channel, and the first supply holes 33 </ b> A and 34 </ b> A are supplied to the first buffer chamber 29. A first supply flow path for supplying the first type fluid thus formed to the first introduction flow path of the first stage is configured. The first introduction groove 42 constitutes a second-stage first introduction flow channel for introducing the first type fluid into the mixing flow channel, and the first supply holes 33B, 34B, and 39 are formed in the first buffer chamber 29. A first supply channel is configured to supply the first type fluid supplied to the second stage to the first introduction channel.

  The second introduction groove 38 constitutes a first-stage second introduction flow channel for introducing the second type fluid into the mixing flow channel, and the supply hole 35 </ b> A is the second second supplied to the second buffer chamber 31. A second supply flow path is configured to supply the seed fluid to the second introduction flow path of the first stage. The second introduction groove 43 constitutes a second-stage second introduction flow channel for introducing the second type fluid into the mixing flow channel, and the supply holes 35 </ b> B and 40 are supplied to the second buffer chamber 31. A second supply channel that supplies the second type fluid to the second introduction channel of the second stage is configured.

  The first introduction flow path 37 and the second introduction flow path 38 in the first stage are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction, and are introduced from the first introduction flow path 37 and the second introduction flow path 38 into the mixing flow path. Further, as shown in FIG. 9, the first type fluid and the second type fluid merge in a circumferential direction in the mixing channel so as to be multilayered (in this embodiment, eight layers). Further, the first introduction flow path 42 and the second introduction flow path 43 in the second stage are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction, and are introduced from the first introduction flow path 42 and the second introduction flow path 43 into the mixing flow path. As shown in FIG. 10, the first type fluid and the second type fluid merge so as to be multilayered in the circumferential direction in the outer peripheral region in the mixing channel (eight layers in this embodiment). To do. At this time, in the axial direction, the first-stage second introduction flow path 38 and the second-stage first introduction flow path 37 and the second-stage second introduction flow path 43 overlap with the second-stage first introduction flow path 43. Since the introduction flow paths 42 are arranged so as to overlap, the first type fluid and the second type fluid introduced into the mixing flow path merge so as to alternate in the radial direction.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, unlike the prior art described in Patent Document 1, the first type fluid and the second type fluid are joined in a multilayered form without increasing the cross-sectional dimension of the mixing channel. be able to. Therefore, the diffusion distance can be reduced even in the region immediately after the merging, and the mixing time can be shortened. In particular, in a sequential reaction system, the reaction yield can be increased.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the flows in the first supply channel, the second supply channel, the first introduction channel, and the second introduction channel described above are in a laminar flow condition (Reynolds number is less than 2300). In addition, the flow passage cross-sectional dimensions and the supply flow rates of the first type fluid and the second type fluid are set so that the flow in the mixing flow channel becomes a turbulent flow condition (Reynolds number is 2300 or more). Yes. Thereby, the pressure loss in the first supply channel, the second supply channel, the first introduction channel, and the second introduction channel introduction channel can be reduced. Moreover, the mixing performance in the mixing channel can be enhanced. That is, when the flow in the mixing channel is turbulent, the molecular diffusion coefficient included in the above formula (1) representing the mixing time is replaced with a larger turbulent diffusion coefficient. Therefore, the mixing time can be shortened as compared with the case where the flow in the mixing channel is a laminar flow condition.

The effect of this embodiment described above will be described using numerical analysis. First, as a comparative example, a microreactor provided with one stage of the first introduction channel and the second introduction channel was analyzed. FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing an analysis system of a microreactor according to a comparative example. In FIG. 11, black arrows indicate the flow of the first type fluid, white arrows indicate the flow of the second type fluid, and dotted arrows indicate the flow of the mixed fluid. In this analysis system, the first introduction flow path 45 and the second introduction flow path 46 are arranged in one stage in the flow direction of the mixing flow path 47 and are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction centering on the mixing flow path 47. is doing. The first introduction channel 45 and the second introduction channel 46 have a channel cross section of a square of 250 μm × 250 μm and a channel length of 13 mm. The mixing channel 47 has a circular cross section with a diameter of 1 mm and a channel length of 80 mm. The physical properties of the first type fluid and the second type fluid are the same, the density is 10 ³ kg / m ³ , and the viscosity is 10 ⁻³ Pa · s. And the substance A used as a tracer was mixed with the first type fluid at a concentration of 1 kmol / m ³ , and the molecular diffusion coefficient of the substance A was set to 10 ⁻⁹ m ² / s.

  For example, when the flow velocity at the inlet in the first introduction flow path 45 and the second introduction flow path 46 is set to 1.81 m / s, the Reynolds number in the first introduction flow path 45 and the second introduction flow path 46 is 452. Thus, the laminar flow condition is obtained, and the Reynolds number in the mixing channel 47 becomes 1150, which is the laminar flow condition. On the other hand, for example, when the flow velocity at the inlet of the first introduction channel 45 and the second introduction channel 46 is set to 3.61 m / s, the Reynolds number in the first introduction channel 45 and the second introduction channel 46 is 903. Thus, the laminar flow condition is obtained, and the Reynolds number in the mixing channel 47 is 2300, which is the turbulent flow condition. Thus, when the flow in the mixing channel 47 was set to the laminar flow condition or the turbulent flow condition and the numerical analysis was performed, an analysis result as shown in FIG. 13 was obtained.

FIG. 13 shows a state where the concentration unevenness of the fluid decreases in the flow direction of the mixing channel 47, that is, as the residence time elapses. The density unevenness is defined by the following formula (2). In the formula (2), Cav is the average concentration [kmol / m ³ ] of the substance A in the channel cross section, C is the local concentration [kmol / m ³ ] of the substance A in the channel cross section, and u is the channel cross section. The local flow velocity [m / s]. Further, the integration symbol in the equation (2) means that the integration is performed with respect to the channel cross section.

  In FIG. 13, the residence time is 0 and the density unevenness is 1 immediately after the first type fluid and the second type fluid merge. When the residence time elapses (in other words, in the flow direction of the mixing flow path 47), when the first type fluid and the second type fluid are completely mixed, the concentration becomes uniform and the concentration unevenness is zero. It becomes. As shown in FIG. 13, the rate of change in density unevenness (the slope of the curve) is larger and the mixing time is shortened when the turbulent flow condition is used than when the flow in the mixing channel 47 is set to the laminar flow condition. I understand that I can do it.

Next, a microreactor provided with two stages of the first introduction channel and the second introduction channel was analyzed as one corresponding to the above embodiment. FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing an analysis system of a microreactor corresponding to the one embodiment. In FIG. 12, the black arrow indicates the flow of the first type fluid, the white arrow indicates the flow of the second type fluid, and the dotted arrow indicates the flow of the mixed fluid. In this analysis system, the first introduction flow path 45 and the second introduction flow path 46 are arranged in two stages in the flow direction of the mixing flow path 47, and in the circumferential direction around the mixing flow path 47 in each stage. Alternatingly arranged, and further arranged alternately in the flow direction of the mixing channel 47. As in the comparative example, the first introduction channel 45 and the second introduction channel 46 have a channel cross section of a square of 250 μm × 250 μm and a channel length of 13 mm. Further, the mixing channel 47 has a channel cross section of a circle having a diameter of 1 mm and a channel length of 80 mm, as in the comparative example. The physical properties of the first type fluid and the second type fluid are the same, the density is 10 ³ kg / m ³ , and the viscosity is 10 ⁻³ Pa · s. And the substance A used as a tracer was mixed with the first type fluid at a concentration of 1 kmol / m ³ , and the molecular diffusion coefficient of the substance A was set to 10 ⁻⁹ m ² / s.

  For example, when the flow velocity at the inlet in the first introduction flow path 45 and the second introduction flow path 46 is set to 1.81 m / s, the Reynolds number in the first introduction flow path 45 and the second introduction flow path 46 is 452. Thus, the laminar flow condition is obtained, and the Reynolds number in the mixing channel 47 is 2300, which is the turbulent flow condition. Thus, when the flow in the mixing channel 47 was set to the turbulent flow condition and the numerical analysis was performed, the analysis result as shown in FIG. 13 was obtained. As shown in FIG. 13, compared with the case where the first introduction flow path 45 and the second introduction flow path 46 are provided in one stage, the change rate of density unevenness is greater in the case where two stages are provided, and the mixing time is shortened. I understand that I can do it.

  In the above-described embodiment, the case where the members 22 to 26 are fastened to each other via the bolts 27 and the O-rings 28A to 28G are provided in order to prevent fluid leakage from the gaps between the members 22 to 26 is an example. However, this is not a limitation. That is, instead of the O-ring, for example, a sealing material may be sandwiched between the members 22 to 26. Further, without providing an O-ring or a sealing material, for example, the contact surfaces of the members 22 to 26 may be mirror-finished to improve the adhesion. In these cases as well, the bolts 27 can be removed and the members 22 to 26 can be disassembled in the same manner as in the above embodiment, so that the flow path can be easily inspected and cleaned. On the other hand, for example, if inspection or cleaning of the flow path is unnecessary, the members 22 to 26 may be bonded to each other by a method such as adhesive, laser bonding, diffusion bonding, or welding.

  Moreover, in the said one Embodiment, the 1st introduction flow path and the 2nd introduction flow path are arrange | positioned in 2 steps | paragraphs, and the structure which has arrange | positioned 4 each of the 1st introduction flow path and the 2nd introduction flow passages in each stage is an example However, this is not a limitation. That is, for example, the first introduction channel and the second introduction channel may be arranged in three or more stages. For example, if there are at least two first introduction channels and two second introduction channels in each stage, the number may be any number. In these cases, the same effect as described above can be obtained.

  Next, another embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the microreactor according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 15 is an axial sectional view taken along a section XV-XV in FIG. 16 to 22 show the structures of the first buffer member, the second buffer member, the first partition member, the front joining channel member, the second partition member, the rear joining channel member, and the mixing channel member, respectively. FIG. In FIG. 15, the solid arrow indicates the flow of the first type fluid, the dotted arrow indicates the flow of the second type fluid, and the white arrow indicates the flow of the mixed fluid (reaction fluid). Yes. Moreover, in FIGS. 15-22, illustration of a bolt insertion hole etc. is abbreviate | omitted for convenience.

  In the present embodiment, the substantially cylindrical microreactor 1 </ b> A includes a first buffer member 48, a second buffer member 49, a first partition member 50, a front joining channel member 51, a second partition member 52, and a rear joining channel member 53. The mixing flow path member 54 is laminated in the axial direction (vertical direction in FIGS. 14 and 15). In addition, the 1st partition member 50, the front | former stage joining flow path member 51, the 2nd partition wall member 52, and the back | latter stage joining flow path member 53 are thin plate members. Further, bolt insertion holes (not shown) are formed at corresponding positions of the members 48 to 54, and bolts 55 are inserted into the bolt insertion holes of these members 48 to 54 to fasten the members 48 to 54 to each other. It is supposed to be. Further, in order to prevent fluid leakage from the gaps between the members 48 to 54, the contact surfaces of the members 48 to 54 are mirror-finished to improve the adhesion.

  The first buffer member 48 includes a first buffer chamber 56 formed so as to open on the upper surface, and a first buffer supply port 57 formed so as to communicate with the first buffer chamber 56 and open on the lower surface. Have. The first type fluid from the first supply system 2 is supplied to the first buffer chamber 56 via the first buffer supply port 57 to be temporarily stored.

  The second buffer member 49 includes a second buffer chamber 58 formed so as to open on the upper surface, and a second buffer supply port 59 formed so as to communicate with the second buffer chamber 58 and open on the side surface. Have. The second type fluid from the second supply system 3 is supplied to the second buffer chamber 58 via the second buffer supply port 59 and is temporarily stored. Further, the second buffer chamber 58 of the second buffer member 49 has a smaller diameter than the first buffer chamber 56 of the first buffer member 48. And in the outer peripheral side area (in other words, the area located on the outer peripheral side with respect to the second buffer chamber 58) of the second buffer member 49, the second buffer members 49 are spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction (in other words, from the central part). For example, four first supply holes 60 penetrating in the axial direction so as to communicate with the first buffer chamber 56 of the first buffer member 48 are formed.

  The first partition member 50 has four first supply holes (through holes) 61 formed at substantially the same cross-sectional position as the first supply holes 60 of the second buffer member 49, and is positioned inside these first supply holes 61. And four second supply holes (through holes) 62 that are formed apart from each other in the circumferential direction (in other words, formed at positions where the distances from the center are substantially equal).

  A through-hole is formed in the front-stage merging flow path member 51, and the through-holes include four first supply holes 63 formed in substantially the same cross-sectional position as the first supply holes 61 of the first partition wall member 50, Each of the four second supply holes 64 formed at substantially the same cross-sectional position as the second supply hole 62 of the one partition wall member 50, the mixing hole 65 formed at the center, and the four first supply holes 63 and the mixing hole 65 The four first introduction holes 66 that communicate with each other, and the four second introduction holes 67 that communicate with each of the four second supply holes 64 and the mixing hole 65 are configured.

  The second partition member 52 includes four first supply holes (through holes) 68 formed at substantially the same cross-sectional position as the first supply hole 63 of the front-stage merge channel member 51, and the second partition member 52 of the front-stage merge channel member 51. Four second supply holes (through holes) 69 formed at substantially the same cross-sectional position as the supply holes 64, and mixing holes formed at substantially the same cross-sectional position (center part) as the mixing hole 65 of the upstream merging flow path member 51. (Through hole) 70.

  Through-holes are formed in the post-joining flow path member 53, and the through-holes are formed by four first supply holes 71 formed in substantially the same cross-sectional position as the first supply holes 68 of the second partition member 52, the first Four second supply holes 72 formed at substantially the same cross-sectional position as the second supply holes 69 of the two partition members 52, and mixing formed at substantially the same cross-sectional position (center portion) as the mixing holes 70 of the second partition member 52. Four first introduction holes 74 for communicating each of the holes 73, four first supply holes 71 and the mixing hole 73, and four second for communicating each of the four second supply holes 72 and the mixing hole 73. An introduction hole 75 is formed. In addition, the front | former stage joining flow path member 51 and the back | latter stage joining flow path member 53 are common members, and respond | correspond by turning upside down. At this time, the communication position of the first introduction hole 74 in the mixing hole 73 overlaps the communication position of the second introduction hole 67 in the mixing hole 65 described above. The communication position of the second introduction hole 75 in the mixing hole 73 overlaps the communication position of the first introduction groove 66 in the mixing hole 65 described above.

  The mixing channel member 54 has a mixing hole 76 that is located in the center and penetrates in the axial direction so as to communicate with the mixing hole 73 of the rear joining channel member 53.

  Note that the materials of the members 48 to 54 may be, for example, a metal such as stainless steel, glass, silicon, or a resin, depending on the type of fluid. Moreover, the fine flow paths of the members 22 to 26 are formed by, for example, machining such as an end mill, electric discharge machining, etching, or molding.

  In the microreactor 1 </ b> A configured as described above, the mixing holes 65, 70, 73, and 76 constitute a mixing channel extending in the axial direction. The first introduction hole 66 constitutes a first-stage first introduction flow path for introducing the first type fluid into the mixing flow path, and the first introduction hole 74 allows the first type fluid to be mixed with the mixing flow path. The first supply passages 61, 63, 68, 71 constitute the first-stage fluid that is supplied to the first buffer chamber 56. A first supply channel that supplies the first introduction channel of the stage is configured. The second introduction hole 67 constitutes a first-stage second introduction flow channel for introducing the second type fluid into the mixing flow channel, and the second introduction hole 75 serves to mix the second type fluid into the mixing flow channel. The second supply passages 62, 64, 69, and 72 constitute the second-stage second introduction flow channel to be introduced into the second buffer chamber 58. A second supply channel that supplies the second introduction channel of the stage is configured.

  The first introduction channel 66 and the second introduction channel 67 in the first stage are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction, and are introduced into the mixing channel from the first introduction channel 66 and the second introduction channel 67. In addition, the first type fluid and the second type fluid merge together in the circumferential direction in the mixing flow path so as to be multilayered (in this embodiment, eight layers). Further, the first introduction flow path 74 and the second introduction flow path 75 in the second stage are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction, and are introduced from the first introduction flow path 74 and the second introduction flow path 75 into the mixing flow path. In addition, the first type fluid and the second type fluid join together so as to form a multilayer shape (eight layers in the present embodiment) in the circumferential direction in the outer peripheral side region in the mixing channel. At this time, in the axial direction, the first-stage second introduction flow path 67 and the second-stage first introduction flow path 66 and the second-stage second introduction flow path 75 overlap with each other. Since the introduction flow paths 74 are arranged so as to overlap, the first type fluid and the second type fluid introduced into the mixing flow path merge so as to alternate in the radial direction.

  As described above, also in this embodiment, the first type fluid and the second type fluid can be combined in a multilayered manner without increasing the cross-sectional dimension of the mixing flow channel, as in the above-described one embodiment. Therefore, the diffusion distance can be reduced even in the region immediately after the merging, and the mixing time can be shortened. In particular, in a sequential reaction system, the reaction yield can be increased.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the flows in the first supply channel, the second supply channel, the first introduction channel, and the second introduction channel described above are in a laminar flow condition (Reynolds number is less than 2300). In addition, the flow passage cross-sectional dimensions and the supply flow rates of the first type fluid and the second type fluid are set so that the flow in the mixing flow channel becomes a turbulent flow condition (Reynolds number is 2300 or more). Yes. Thereby, the pressure loss in the first supply channel, the second supply channel, the first introduction channel, and the second introduction channel can be reduced. Moreover, the mixing performance in the mixing channel can be enhanced.

  In the present embodiment, the number of stages of the introduction flow path can be easily changed in accordance with the desired production amount of the reaction fluid. More specifically, for example, when the first introduction flow path and the second introduction flow path have four stages, the first buffer member 48, the second buffer member 49, the first partition wall member 50, and the previous joining flow path member 51 are provided. The second partition member 52, the rear joining channel member 53, the second partition member 52, the front joining channel member 51, the second partition member 52, the rear joining channel member 51, and the mixing channel member 54 are arranged in that order. It may be configured by stacking. Further, the front-stage merging flow path member 51 and the rear-stage merging flow path member 53 are common members, and can be used according to the number of stages. Moreover, the common 2nd partition member 52 which comprises the partition of an introduction flow path can be used according to the increase in the number of steps. Therefore, the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

  In the above-described other embodiments, the members 48 to 54 are fastened to each other via the bolts 55, and the contact surfaces of the members 48 to 54 are mirror-finished to prevent fluid leakage, thereby improving the adhesion. Although the case has been described as an example, the present invention is not limited to this. That is, for example, an O-ring or a sealing material may be provided. Further, for example, if it is not necessary to check or clean the flow path, the members 48 to 54 may be bonded to each other.

It is the schematic showing the structure of the microreactor system to which one Embodiment of the microreactor of this invention was applied. It is a perspective view showing the structure of one Embodiment of the microreactor of this invention. FIG. 3 is an axial sectional view taken along section III-III in FIG. 2. It is a top view showing the structure of the 1st buffer member which comprises one Embodiment of the microreactor of this invention. It is a top view showing the structure of the 2nd buffer member which comprises one Embodiment of the microreactor of this invention. It is a top view showing the structure of the 1st stage confluence | merging flow path member which comprises one Embodiment of the microreactor of this invention. It is a top view showing the structure of the 2nd stage confluence | merging flow path member which comprises one Embodiment of the microreactor of this invention. It is a top view showing the structure of the mixing channel member which comprises one Embodiment of the microreactor of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the mixing flow path showing the fluid distribution immediately after the 1st type fluid and the 2nd type fluid were introduced from the 1st introduction flow path and the 2nd introduction flow path of the 1st stage. It is sectional drawing of the mixing flow path showing the fluid distribution immediately after the 1st type fluid and the 2nd type fluid were introduced from the 1st introduction flow path and the 2nd introduction flow path of the 2nd stage. It is a perspective view showing the analysis system of the microreactor which provided the 1st introduction flow path and the 2nd introduction flow path as one stage as a comparative example. It is a perspective view showing the analysis system of the micro reactor which provided the 1st introduction channel and the 2nd introduction channel as two steps as what is equivalent to one embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure showing the analysis result of the mixing performance of a microreactor. It is a perspective view showing the structure of other embodiment of the microreactor of this invention. FIG. 15 is an axial sectional view taken along a section XV-XV in FIG. 14. It is a top view showing the structure of the 1st buffer member which comprises other embodiment of the micro reactor of this invention. It is a top view showing the structure of the 2nd buffer member which comprises other embodiment of the micro reactor of this invention. It is a top view showing the structure of the 1st partition member which comprises other embodiment of the microreactor of this invention. It is a top view showing the structure of the pre-stage confluence | merging flow path member which comprises other embodiment of the microreactor of this invention. It is a top view showing the structure of the 2nd partition member which comprises other embodiment of the micro reactor of this invention. It is a top view showing the structure of the back | latter stage confluence | merging flow path member which comprises other embodiment of the microreactor of this invention. It is a top view showing the structure of the mixing channel member which comprises one Embodiment of the microreactor of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1 Microreactor 1A Microreactor 33A, 33B First supply hole (first supply flow path)
34A, 34B first supply hole (first supply flow path)
35A, 35B second supply hole (second supply flow path)
36 Mixing groove (mixing channel)
37 First introduction groove (first introduction flow path)
38 Second introduction groove (second introduction flow path)
39 1st supply hole (1st supply flow path)
40 Second supply hole (second supply flow path)
41 Mixing hole (mixing channel)
42 1st introduction groove (1st introduction flow path)
43 Second introduction groove (second introduction flow path)
44 Mixing hole (mixing channel)
50 First partition member 51 Pre-merging channel member 52 Second partition member 53 Submerging channel member 60 First supply hole (first supply channel)
61 1st supply hole (1st supply flow path)
62 2nd supply hole (2nd supply flow path)
63 1st supply hole (1st supply flow path)
64 2nd supply hole (2nd supply flow path)
65 Mixing hole (mixing channel)
66 First introduction hole (first introduction flow path)
67 Second introduction hole (first introduction flow path)
68 1st supply hole (1st supply flow path)
69 2nd supply hole (2nd supply flow path)
70 Mixing hole (mixing channel)
71 1st supply hole (1st supply flow path)
72 2nd supply hole (2nd supply flow path)
73 Mixing hole (mixing channel)
74 First introduction hole (first introduction flow path)
75 Second introduction hole (first introduction flow path)
76 Mixing hole (mixing channel)

Claims (4)

In a microreactor that introduces and mixes multiple types of fluids in a fine channel,
A mixing channel extending in one direction;
A plurality of first supply channels that are formed apart from each other in the circumferential direction around the mixing channel, and that supply a first type of fluid;
A plurality of second supply channels that are formed apart from each other in a circumferential direction around the mixing channel, and that supply a second type of fluid;
The first type fluid supplied from each of the plurality of first supply channels is introduced into the mixing channel so that the first type fluid and the second type fluid merge for the first time in the mixing channel. A plurality of first introduction flow paths, and a plurality of second introduction flow paths for introducing the second type fluid supplied from each of the plurality of second supply flow paths into the mixing flow path,
The plurality of first introduction flow paths and the plurality of second introduction flow paths are arranged in a plurality of stages in the flow direction of the mixing flow path, and alternate in a circumferential direction centering on the mixing flow path in each stage. A microreactor characterized by being arranged in   2. The microreactor according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of first introduction flow paths and the plurality of second introduction flow paths are alternately arranged in the flow direction of the mixing flow path.   3. The microreactor according to claim 1, wherein the flow in the mixing channel is turbulent.   The microreactor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the plurality of first supply channels, the plurality of second supply channels, and the mixing channel are partially configured and the plurality of channels in each stage. At least two merging channel members in which through holes constituting the first introduction channel and the plurality of second introduction channels are formed, the plurality of first supply channels, and the plurality of second supply channels And a plurality of through-holes partially forming each of the mixing flow paths, and at least one of the plurality of first introduction flow paths and the plurality of second introduction flow paths constituting the flow path walls A microreactor comprising a partition member, wherein the merging channel member and the partition member are alternately stacked.

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