JP2009543874A - チアゾリジノン誘導体 - Google Patents
チアゾリジノン誘導体 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2009543874A JP2009543874A JP2009520840A JP2009520840A JP2009543874A JP 2009543874 A JP2009543874 A JP 2009543874A JP 2009520840 A JP2009520840 A JP 2009520840A JP 2009520840 A JP2009520840 A JP 2009520840A JP 2009543874 A JP2009543874 A JP 2009543874A
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、本明細書に記載される式で表される化合物、それらの許容される塩、溶媒和物、水和物および多形体に関する。本発明の化合物は、疾患、特に白血病の治療に有用である。また、本発明は、本発明の化合物を含む組成物、対象における疾患、障害、またはその症状を治療する方法におけるこのような組成物の使用を提供する。
本出願を支持する研究は、助成NIH R01CA90446で保健福祉省(Department of Health and Human Services)長官によって代表されるアメリカ合衆国によって提供される資金によって部分的に行われた。政府は、本発明において一定の権利を有し得る。
ある種の2,4−二置換チアジアゾリジノン(TDZD)化合物は、グリコーゲン合成キナーゼ3β、即ち、GSK−3の酵素阻害剤として有用であることが報告されている。例えば、特許文献1、特許文献2を参照されたい。グリコーゲン合成キナーゼ−3(GSK−3)は、それぞれが別々の遺伝子によってコードされるα−およびβ−アイソフォームから構成されるセリン/スレオニンタンパク質キナーゼである(非特許文献1;非特許文献2)。スレオニン/セリンキナーゼグリコーゲン合成キナーゼ−3(GSK−3)は、種々の受容体に連結したシグナル経路において極めて重要な役割を果たしている(非特許文献3)。これらの経路内での調節異常は、いくつかの広まっているヒトの障害、例えばII型糖尿病(非特許文献4)、アルツハイマー病(非特許文献5)、CNS障害、例えば躁うつ病および神経変性疾患、ならびに慢性炎症性障害(非特許文献6)の発症における重要な事象であると考えられている。
本発明は、式I:
Aは、−−C(R1)2−−、−−O−−または−−NR1−−であり;Eは、−−NR1−−または−−CR1R2−−であり、置換基R2は、−−−がEとGと間の第2結合である場合には存在せず;Gは、−−S−−、−−NR1−−または−−CR1R2−−であり、置換基R2は、−−−がEとGと間の第2結合である場合には存在せず;−−−は、EおよびGの性質が許す場合には、EとGとの間の第2結合であってもよく、場合により、EがGと一緒になって縮合アリール基を形成し;R1およびR2は、各々、独立して、水素、アルキル、シクロアルキル、ハロアルキル、アリール、−−(Z)n−アリール、ヘテロアリール、−−OR3、−−C(O)R3、−−C(O)OR3、−−(Z)n−−C(O)OR3および−−S(O)t−−から選択され、または指示されたとき、R2は、EがGと一緒になって縮合アリール基を形成するようなものであり得;Zは、独立して、−−C(R3)(R4)−−、−−C(O)−−、−−O−−、−−C(=NR3)−−、−−S(O)t−−およびN(R3)−−から選択され;nは、0、1または2であり;tは、0、1または2であり;R3およびR4は、各々、独立して、水素、アルキル、アリールおよび複素環から選択され;XおよびYは、各々、独立して、=O、=S、=N(R3)および=C(R1)(R2)である]
で表される化合物もしくはその塩;またはそのプロドラッグもしくはそのプロドラッグの塩;またはその水和物、溶媒和物もしくは多形体に関連した新しい治療法に関する。
本発明は、式I:
Aは、−−C(R1)2−−、−−O−−または−−NR1−−であり;Eは、−−NR1−−または−−CR1R2−−であり、置換基R2は、−−−がEとGと間の第2結合である場合には存在せず;Gは、−−S−−、−−NR1−−または−−CR1R2−−であり、置換基R2は、−−−がEとGと間の第2結合である場合には存在せず;−−−は、EおよびGの性質が許す場合にはEとGとの間の第2結合であってもよく、場合によりEがGと一緒になって縮合アリール基を形成し;R1およびR2は、各々、独立して、水素、アルキル、シクロアルキル、ハロアルキル、アリール、−−(Z)n−アリール、ヘテロアリール、−−OR3、−−C(O)R3、−−C(O)OR3、−−(Z)n−−C(O)OR3および−−S(O)t−−から選択され、または指示されたとき、R2は、EがGと一緒になって縮合アリール基を形成するようなものであり得;Zは、独立して、−−C(R3)(R4)−−、−−C(O)−−、−−O−−、−−C(=NR3)−−、−−S(O)t−−および(NR3)−−から選択され;nは、0、1または2であり;tは、0、1または2であり;R3およびR4は、各々、独立して、水素、アルキル、アリールおよび複素環から選択され;XおよびYは、各々、独立して、=O、=S、=N(R3)および=C(R1)(R2)である]
で表される単離された化合物もしくはその塩;またはそのプロドラッグもしくはそのプロドラッグの塩;またはその水和物、溶媒和物もしくは多形体を提供する。
R1およびR2は、各々、独立して、水素、アルキル、シクロアルキル、ハロアルキル、アリール、−−(Z)n−アリール、ヘテロアリール、−−OR3、−−C(O)R3、−−C(O)OR3、−−(Z)n−−C(O)OR3および−−S(O)t−−から選択され、または指示されるとき、R2は、EがGと一緒になって縮合アリール基を形成するようなものであり得;Zは、独立して、−−C(R3)(R4)−−、−−C(O)−−、−−O−−、−−C(=NR3)−−、−−S(O)t−−およびN(R3)−−から選択され;nは、0、1または2であり;tは、0、1または2であり;R3およびR4は、各々、独立して、水素、アルキル、アリールおよび複素環から選択され;XおよびYは、各々、独立して、=O、=S、=N(R3)および=C(R1)(R2)から選択される]
で表される化合物もしくはその塩;またはそのプロドラッグもしくはそのプロドラッグの塩;またはその水和物、溶媒和物、もしくは多形体である。
一態様では、本発明は、対象(例えば、ヒト、動物)における障害またはその症状を治療または予防する方法を提供し、該方法には、本明細書に記載される式のいずれかで表される有効量の化合物を、好ましくは医薬として許容される担体をさらに含む組成物の一部として、該対象に投与することが含まれる。好ましくは、この方法は、白血病細胞、白血病幹細胞、または関連する血液障害に関わる1以上の疾患または障害を患っているかまたはそれに感受性のある対象を治療するために用いられる。
A.AML細胞、bcCML細胞、CLL、正常な骨髄(BM)、および臍帯血(CB)は、インフォームドコンセントを受けたボランティア提供者、または国立疾病研究互助組織(National Disease Research Interchange:NDRI)から得られた。これらの細胞を単離し、[1]に示されるように処理した。要約すると、試料をフィコール−パック(Ficoll−Paque)(ファルマシア バイオテク(Pharmacia Biotech、ニューヨーク州ピスカタウェイ(Piscataway,NY))密度勾配分離に供して、単核細胞を分離した。分析した試料中のCD34の割合は、20%〜80%の範囲であった。新鮮な細胞または解凍された細胞を血清不含培地(SFM)[2]中で薬物添加前の1時間培養された。全ての薬物処理は、3点測定で行われた。TDZD−8(カルビオケム(Calbiochem))をDMSO中で再構成し、リン酸緩衝生理食塩水(PBS)で連続的に希釈した。生存細胞の総数は、[3]に記載されるように、フローサイトメトリーアポトーシスアッセイを用いて測定された。要約すると、処置の18時間後、標本を抗CD34−PE(ベクトン ディッキンソン(Becton Dickison)、カリフォルニア州サンノゼ(San Jose,CA))を用いて20分間標識した。次に、細胞を冷PBS中で洗浄し、200μlのアネキシン−Vバッファー中に懸濁した。アネキシン−V−フルオレセインイソチオシアネート(FITC)および7−アミノアクチノマイシン(7−AAD;モレキュラー プローブス(Molecular Probes)、オレゴン州ユージン(Eugene,OR))を添加し、試料を室温で15分間インキュベートし、次に、ベクトン ディッキンソンLSRIIフロサイトメーターを用いて分析した。回収された事象の総数は100,000であった。生存細胞の割合は、(ゲート未制御の)全細胞上、およびCD34+集団について設定されたゲート上のアネキシンVneg/7−AADneg細胞として規定された。
AML、正常細胞または他の標本は、20マイクロモーラーのTDZD−8の有無により18時間、上述されるSFM中で培養された。次に、3ユニット/mlのエリスロポエチンおよび50ng/mlのG−CSF(R&Dシステムズ、メネソタ州ミネアポリス(Minneapolis,MN))を補足したメトカルト(Methocult)(商標)GF H4534(IMDMに含まれる1%メチルセルロース、30%FBS、1%BSA、10−4M 2−メルカプトエタノール、2mM L−グルタミン、50ng/ml rh幹細胞因子、10ng/ml rhGM−CSF、10ng/ml rhIL−3−ステムセル テクノロジーズ(Stem Cell Technologies)、ブリティッシュコロンビア州バンクーバー(Vancouver,B.C.))に細胞を50,000細胞/mlで播種した。培養10〜14日後にコロニーを記録した。
NOD/SCID(NOD.CB17−prdkdc scid/J)マウス(ジャクソンラボラトリーズ(Jackson Laboratories),メイン州バーハーバー(Bar Harbor,ME))は、移植前の当日に、ラッドソース(RadSource)(商標)X線照射器を用いて270radで亜致死的に照射された。アッセイされる細胞(AMLまたは正常な臍帯血−CB)は、0.5%FBSを含む最終体積が0.2mlであるPBSに含ませて、尾静脈を介して(5百万〜1千万個の細胞)注入された。6〜8週後、動物を屠殺し、BMを単離した。ヒト細胞移植を分析するために、BM細胞を抗Fc受容体抗体である2.4G2および25%ヒト血清でブロックし、抗ヒトCD45、CD33またはCD19抗体(BD、カリフォルニア州サンノゼ)で標識し、ベクトン ディッキンソンLSRIIフロサイトメーターを用いて分析した。
水平軸に示された時間点後、細胞をPBSで洗浄し、過剰のTDZD−8を取り除き、全体で24時間、予め温めたSFMに再度播種したことを除いて、実施例1に記載されるものと同じ手法を用いた。
水平軸に示された時間点後、細胞をPBSで洗浄し、過剰のTDZD−8を取り除き、メトカルト(商標)GF H4534に50,000細胞/mlで播種したことを除いて、実施例2に記載されるのと同じ手法を用いた。
AML細胞は、20マイクロモーラーのTDZD−8を用いて、所定の時間点について、実施例1に記載されるように培養された。次に、細胞をPBSで洗浄し、アネキシンV−アロフィコシアニン(APC)および生体染色色素:Yo−Pro−1(0.1uM)、ヘキスト33342(2.5ug/ml)、およびヨウ化プロピジウム(0.5ug/ml)(モレキュラー プローブス)を用いて染色し、膜透過性を評価した。
実施例1に記載されるように、培養物を構築し、分析した;しかしながら、TDZD−8の添加前の1時間、n−アセチルシステイン(シグマ(Sigma))またはz−バッド(vad)(カルビオケム)のいずれかを用いて、細胞を予めインキュベートした。
AMLおよび正常細胞は、20マイクロモーラーのTDZD−8の有無により所定時間(水平軸)、上述されるSFMで培養された。細胞内のチオールレベルは、50μMのモノブロモビナン(モレキュラー プローブス)を用いた標識後、フローサイトメトリーによって評価された。
TDZD−8は、白血病特異的な細胞死を誘導する。初期の試験は、異なる種類の原発性ヒト白血病(AML、急性転化CML、CLLおよびALL)、並びに正常な造血細胞に対するTDZD−8の効果を試験するために行われた。図9は、20μMのTDZD−8で24時間処理された原発性ヒト標本に対する未処理の対照と比較した生存率の割合を示す。白血病の全ての形態は、TDZD−8によって強力に弱められ、AML(n=37)に対しては15%、CLL(n=12)に対しては7.2%、ALL(n=6)に対しては12.4%、bcCML(n=6)に対しては21.6%の平均生存率であった。対照的に、正常標本の細胞生存率は、79.5%(n=13)であった。さらに、正常標本に対する毒性の欠如は、各組織タイプを個別に分析すると、CB、BMおよびMPBによって有意に相違しなかった(図14)。このようにして、TDZD−8の細胞毒性は白血病標本に対して有意に(p<0.001)特異的であった。白血病細胞に対する幅広い有効性が与えられたので、本発明者らは、NCI−60パネルに対してスクリーニングするために、TDZD−8を甘受することによって、様々な種類の腫瘍細胞について活性の程度をさらに決定した36。興味深いことに、TDZD−8活性は、血液悪性腫瘍由来の細胞株に特異的であり、この場合、50%の増殖阻害(GI50)を達成するための平均濃度は、8.3μMであった(表1)。全ての他の腫瘍株は、最大100μMの濃度で増殖阻害を示さなかった。同時に、これらのデータは、TDZD−8が白血病および関連疾患に対して高い細胞毒性であるが、この化合物は、正常な造血細胞および他の非造血組織由来の腫瘍を実質的に害さないことを指示している。
Claims (22)
- 対象における白血病を治療する方法であって、式(I):
Aは、−−C(R1)2−−、−−O−−または−−NR1−−であり;Eは、−−NR1−−または−−CR1R2−−であり、置換基R2は、−−−がEとGと間の第2結合である場合には存在せず;Gは、−−S−−、−−NR1−−または−−CR1R2−−であり、置換基R2は、−−−がEとGと間の第2結合である場合には存在せず;−−−は、EおよびGの性質が許す場合には、EとGとの間の第2結合であってもよく、EはGと一緒になって必要に応じて縮合アリール基を形成し;R1およびR2は、各々、独立して、水素、アルキル、シクロアルキル、ハロアルキル、アリール、−−(Z)n−アリール、ヘテロアリール、−−OR3、−−C(O)R3、−−C(O)OR3、−−(Z)n−−C(O)OR3および−−S(O)t−−から選択され、または指示されたとき、R2は、EがGと一緒になって縮合アリール基を形成するようなものであり得;Zは、独立して、−−C(R3)(R4)−−、−−C(O)−−、−−O−−、−−C(=NR3)−−、−−S(O)t−−およびN(R3)−−から選択され;nは、0、1または2であり;tは、0、1または2であり;R3およびR4は、各々、独立して、水素、アルキル、アリールおよび複素環から選択され;XおよびYは、各々、独立して、=O、=S、=N(R3)および=C(R1)(R2)である]
で表される化合物もしくはその塩;またはそのプロドラッグもしくはそのプロドラッグの塩;またはその水和物、溶媒和物もしくは多形体を該対象に投与することを含む、方法。 - 白血病腫瘍細胞の細胞死を引き起こすことができる請求項1に記載の式(I)で表される化合物を対象に投与することを含む、対象における白血病を治療する方法。
- 稀な白血病幹細胞亜集団の細胞死を引き起こすことができる請求項1に記載の式(I)で表される化合物を対象に投与することを含む、対象における白血病を治療する方法。
- 請求項1に記載の式(I)で表される化合物を対象に投与することによって、対象において白血病幹細胞の細胞死を引き起こすことを含む、対象における白血病を治療する方法。
- 細胞膜を透過し、酸化ストレスを誘導することができる請求項1に記載の式(I)で表される化合物を対象に投与することを含む、対象における白血病を治療する方法。
- 白血病細胞および白血病幹細胞の両方の細胞死を引き起こすことができる請求項1に記載の式(I)で表される化合物を対象に投与することを含む、対象における白血病を治療する方法。
- 請求項1に記載の式(I)で表される化合物を対象に投与することを含む、対象における血液疾患を治療する方法。
- 請求項1に記載の式(I)で表される化合物および追加の治療薬を対象に投与することを含む、対象における白血病を治療する方法。
- 急性骨髄性白血病(AML)、急性転化白血病(CML、リンパ性型障害および骨髄性型障害の両方)、急性リンパ性白血病(ALL)、または慢性リンパ性白血病(CLL)である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 対象における障害を治療する方法であって、該障害が、癌細胞増殖;リンパ腫、多発性骨髄腫、白血病細胞増殖;増殖性疾患;血液癌;血液悪性腫瘍、または急性骨髄性白血病(AML)、急性転化白血病(CML、リンパ性型障害および骨髄性型障害の両方)、急性リンパ性白血病(ALL)、もしくは慢性リンパ性白血病(CLL)のような障害であり、該方法は、請求項1に記載の式(I)で表される化合物を投与することを含む、方法。
- Aが−−NR1−−であり、Eが−−NR1−−である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- Gが−−S−−であり、Aが−−NR1−−であり、Eが−−NR1−−である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- XおよびYがOである、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記化合物が、4−ベンジル−2−メチル−1,2,4−チアジアゾリジン−3,5−ジオン(TDZD−8)である、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 白血病の治療または予防に使用するための薬剤を製造するための請求項1に記載の式(I)で表される化合物の使用。
- 請求項1に記載の式(I)で表される化合物および医薬として許容される担体を含む、対象における白血病の治療または予防に使用するための組成物。
- 請求項1に記載の式Iで表される化合物、もしくは医薬として許容されるその塩;またはそのプロドラッグ、もしくは医薬として許容されるそのプロドラッグの塩;またはその水和物、溶媒和物、もしくは多形体;および許容される担体;および第2の治療薬を含む組成物の別々の剤形を含む製品であって、該剤形の両方が一つの容器内にある、製品。
- 対象における白血病を治療する方法であって、式(II):
各R1およびR2は、各々、独立して、水素、アルキル、シクロアルキル、ハロアルキル、アリール、−−(Z)n−アリール、ヘテロアリール、−−OR3、−−C(O)R3、−−C(O)OR3、−−(Z)n−−C(O)OR3および−−S(O)t−−から選択され、または指示されたとき、R2は、EがGと一緒になって縮合アリール基を形成するようなものであり得;Zは、独立して、−−C(R3)(R4)−−、−−C(O)−−、−−O−−、−−C(=NR3)−−、−−S(O)t−−およびN(R3)−−から選択され;nは、0、1または2であり;tは、0、1または2であり;R3およびR4は、各々、独立して、水素、アルキル、アリールおよび複素環から選択され;XおよびYは、各々、独立して、=O、=S、=N(R3)および=C(R1)(R2)から選択される]
で表される化合物、もしくはその塩;またはそのプロドラッグ、もしくはそのプロドラッグの塩;またはその水和物、溶媒和物、もしくは多形体を該対象に投与することを含む、方法。 - 各R1が、独立して、アルキルまたはアリールアルキルである、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 1つのR1が、独立して、アルキルであり、他のR1が、独立して、アリールアルキルである、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 請求項1に記載の式(I)で表される化合物を対象に投与することを含む、キナーゼを介した疾患または障害を治療する方法。
- 前記キナーゼが、AKT1(PKBアルファ)、CHEK1(CHK1)、DYRK3、FLT3、GSK3B、KDR(VEGFR2)、MAP4K4(HGK)、MAPK14(p38アルファ)、MAPKAPK2、MET(cMet)、PHKG2、PIM1、PRKCA(PKCアルファ)、PRKCB1(PKCベータ1)、PRKCB2(PKCベータ2)、PRKCD(PKCデルタ)、PRKCE(PKCイプシロン)、PRKG(PKCガンマ)、PRKCH(PKCエータ)、PRKCI(PKCイオタ)、PRKCN(PKD3)、PRKCQ(PKCシータ)、PRKCZ(PKCゼータ)、PRKCD1(PKCミュー)、ROCK1、RPS6KA3(RSK2)、STK6(オーロラA)、またはSYKである、請求項21に記載の方法。
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JP2017523141A (ja) * | 2014-06-12 | 2017-08-17 | シーダーズ−サイナイ メディカル センター | がん治療のための組成物及び方法 |
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US20090117090A1 (en) * | 2007-11-01 | 2009-05-07 | Ottawa Heart Institute Research Corporation | Inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta in arterial repair and stent re-endothelialization |
WO2011151359A1 (en) * | 2010-06-02 | 2011-12-08 | Noscira, S.A. | Combined treatment with a cholinesterase inhibitor and a thiadiazolidinedione derivative |
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