JP2009529102A - Spinning device for manufacturing split fiber - Google Patents

Abstract

A spinning apparatus for producing fine threads by splicing, which comprises a plurality of protruding spinneret jets disposed in a spinneret jet portion and having spinning orifices from which the spinning dopes exit as monofils and having a plurality of acceleration jets, in particular Laval jets, whose cross section reduces, only to widen downstream of the smallest cross section, which are assigned to the spinning orifices is proposed to be provided with means for feeding gas streams which surround the monofils and are accelerated by the acceleration jets. The acceleration jet, in an at least partially plate-shaped gas jet portion, is constructed as a funnel-shaped depression into which the spinneret jet reaches to form gas flow channels. Means for relative displacement of the gas jet part and of the spinneret jet part relative to one another are provided such that the flow cross section of the gas flow channels is alterable and/or the position of the smallest cross section of the acceleration jets is adjustable in relation to the spinning orifices.

Description

The present invention relates to a fine yarn spinning device using split fiber according to the preamble of the main claim.

Fine yarns of less than 1 micrometer (μm) break up the yarn-forming fluid stream as a melt, solution or generally liquid, which is subsequently solidified as described in DE 199 29 709 and DE 100 65 859. Can be manufactured. This yarn forming mechanism is a special implementation in which the spinning material is recovered from the spinning nozzle by a take-up device or, in the case of the spunbond method, by an accompanying air stream that exerts a force on them to form the yarn. The so-called meltblown method of the example is fundamentally different from all spinning methods that have become known to date, where the yarn drawing air appears immediately next to the spinning nozzle opening heated to approximately the spinning material temperature. As a result, the yarn speed reaches the winding speed or is less than the speed of the air flow or gas flow for drawing the yarn. This is true for average yarn diameters, but there is a new “heresy” in the meltblown process where throughput and maximum recoverable speeds, that is, diameters that are narrower than the maximum air speed, can be found and are also called nanobars The method is not yet in a state where the goal is managed in a managed manner. Here, the following effects are used by a new mechanism just described from the principle based on fluid dynamics. See L. Gerking's papers in Volume 54 (2004) 261-262 and Volume 56 (2006) 57-59, International Chemical Fibers. That is, when a melt or generally a fluid thread or film is impacted by an external shear stress, its internal effect is that pressure builds up if the velocity of the liquid jet's skin is faster than its internal velocity. At the same time, this pressure will accumulate more and more as the acceleration that can be reached after emerging from the spinning opening. That is, when pressure energy is used to overcome friction on the pipe wall, it is a reversal of the flow in the pipe or pipe (Hagen Poiseuille), whereas in the case of a new spinning method It can be said that energy is transmitted by shear stress acting on the yarn from the outside. The yarn tries to offset this by increasing the internal pressure. Otherwise, it can result in the yarn solidifying after only the hull is cooled by the gas flow surrounding the yarn.

However, basically in the case of a polymer or polymer solution having a low thermal conductivity, first, the viscosity increases and only the outer skin is formed, and a hydrodynamic action can act on the inside of the yarn. The result is that it is comparable to the burst of the pipe at the longitudinal seam in the case of the surprisingly continuous yarn in terms of the contingency nature of the split fiber and the narrow distribution width at the yarn diameter. It is a burst with regularity and reproducibility. The number of individual yarns produced by this method ranges from one liquid jet to several hundreds in the production of particularly thin yarns having a fluctuation range of less than 1 μm.

In its industrial application, the nanoval method is carried out with a plurality of rows of nozzles, i.e. a series of spinning orifices, arranged above the gap. Gas, which is generally air, is not subject to special conditions after gas generation in the fan or compressor (energy requirements are essentially low compared to the meltblown process), and the gas is Although it is suddenly widened, it basically flows on both sides of the nozzle row at a constant acceleration toward the narrowest cross section of the gap having the structure of a Laval nozzle. In addition, each individual round nozzle has a shape surrounded by an annular gap that is constantly narrowed toward the narrowest cross section.

The shear force acting on the yarn in all directions due to the gas flow of the symmetric rotating body has been shown to reduce the average diameter of the nearly continuous yarn produced by splitting, which is the addition of air This is because the yarns collide more uniformly regardless of the presence or absence of heating. Also, the cooling that causes the burst effect with hydrodynamic forces to interact is more evenly distributed around the yarn than occurs in the case of a mere lateral collision in a nozzle row with a linear Laval nozzle configuration. Less air consumption. In the case of a nozzle row, a portion of the air in the middle space from thread to thread is used less.

Other than that, even finer threads, such as those that can only be produced by electrospinning, but with very low throughput and high pressure are required due to high space and safety costs. The factor that influences the manufacturing of this is the throughput per opening of the spinning nozzle, regardless of whether the opening for the spinning material is round or slotted. The gas velocity at the narrowest cross-section of the Laval nozzle can be sonic and can reach even supersonic in the subsequent widened section. Therefore, the sound becomes faster than the sound speed. However, if a running surface of a thread material that is still deformable is provided, only a special shape change operation can be performed using shear stress. Therefore, the throughput is basically low in the case of manufacturing an ultrafine yarn having a fluctuation range of less than 1 μm. This means that more spinning nozzles across the entire width are used for a given total throughput when producing a non-woven fabric by the Nanobar method for thinner threads. The same applies to the production of textile yarns.
DE 199 29 709 DE 100 65 859 DE 19 65 054 L. Gerking "International Chemical Fiber" 54 (2004) 261-262 and 56 (2006) 57-59 L. Gerking, “Changes in polymer filament properties and spinning line”, Chemical Fiber / Weaving Industry Association, 43/95 (1993), pages 874/875

The basic object of the present invention is to produce a device for producing fine yarns that is small in size, simple in structure, and intended to enable a good start-up up to spinning.

This object is achieved by the present invention characterized by the features of the main claim associated with the features of the introduction.

Advantageous developments and improvements are possible as a result of the features indicated in the dependent claims.

As a result of the apparatus for producing yarns having a plurality of spinning nozzles and at least one spinning nozzle part provided with at least one partially plate-like gas nozzle part with at least one gas supply chamber, at least partly a plate The gas nozzle part has a plurality of funnel-shaped recesses as an accelerating nozzle that is engaged with a spinning nozzle, particularly a spinning nozzle of a Laval nozzle and a set of accelerating nozzles, with a gas flow line of a symmetric rotating body. The apparatus can be made compactly in a number of sets adjacent to each other, and the gas nozzle portion and the spinning nozzle portion have different gas flow lines formed between the gas nozzle portion and the spinning nozzle of the spinning nozzle portion. Since they can move relative to each other, the height of the spinning opening There is adjustable in particular to the narrowest cross section of the acceleration nozzles Laval nozzle. As a result, not only is it easy to start spinning, but the gas nozzle part is retracted with respect to the spinning nozzle part so as not to impair the traveling of the incoming yarn using a plurality of nozzles that are always adjacent and continuous. Will be possible for the first time ever. At the same time, maintenance and cleaning of the spinning nozzle is facilitated due to its mobility.

A gas chamber is formed between the lower side of the spinning nozzle portion from which the spinning nozzle or the spinning contact tube protrudes and the upper side of the plate-like region of the gas nozzle portion, and at the same time, a gas, usually air, passes through the gas chamber. Even in the case where the acceleration nozzle is supplied, a particularly simple structure is provided.

It is particularly advantageous if a self-adjusting seal is provided between the spinning nozzle part and the gas nozzle part and is compressed by the pressure generated during the introduction of the gas during spinning.

In an advantageous embodiment, the gas nozzle part is constructed as a hollow body, which is somewhat more complex, but in particular when being supplied with “cooling” air, is engaged by the recesses and at the same time a gas chamber is formed by the cavities between the recesses. The hollow body has a symmetrical rotating body opening with respect to a recess directed towards the spinning nozzle portion, preferably through which air or gas passes towards the acceleration nozzle.

A plurality of nozzle portions and gas nozzle portions can be arranged adjacent to each other, and at the same time, different spinning materials can be spun.

Advantageously, an additional plate with an opening can be arranged below the plate-like region of the gas nozzle part to form a dispersion chamber for the additional fluid. This fluid can be a heating means such as water for condensing the dissolved fiber material, a cooling agent for freezing in the molecular direction performed during splitting, for example, steam for second extension.

In the following description, the invention will be described in more detail at the same time as shown in the drawings.

The spinning device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has a spinning nozzle section 28 in which a plurality of melt channels 14 are installed, the melt channels being used for cleaning the feed melt or melt-containing solution or solution. The filter 25 and the perforated plate 26 are provided. The melt line continues in the spinning nozzle or spinning junction 23, where only three rows of spinning junctions 23 are shown. A plurality of spinning contact pipes can be installed completely continuously in the traveling direction indicated by the arrow 50.

A plate-like region below the spinning nozzle portion is received by a gas nozzle portion 27 including a frame-shaped rim 34 and a plate-like portion 35, in which Laval nozzles 36 in three branched rows are respectively connected to the spinning tube. It is installed corresponding to the arrangement of the parts 23. The rim 34 is provided with an upstanding edge, and the seal portion 33 is disposed between the upstanding edge and the one surface 32, and this surface is disposed opposite the upstanding edge in the lower region of the spinning nozzle portion 28.

Spinning and gas nozzle portions 28 and 27 have the tip of the spinning contact portion 23 projecting into the Laval nozzle 36, and the gas chamber 22 is a plate of the gas nozzle portion where the spinning contact portion 23 meshes with the lower surface of the spinning nozzle portion 28. At the same time, it is mutually adjusted so as to be connected to the gas or air supply pipe 20 installed at the border.

In particular, when the supply air is cooled, it is preferable that the spinning means 23 is provided with heating means 24, conveniently with belt heating means known from injection molding tools in plastic material mechanical structures. .

The device according to the invention has means for moving the spinning and gas nozzle parts 28, 27 in relation to each other, the screw 29 in this embodiment being firmly joined to the spinning nozzle part and at the same time the skeleton of the gas nozzle part 27. The anchor 31 is guided into the split nut 30 joined to the gas nozzle portion within the anchor 31 of the 34, and the gas nozzle portion is moved because the anchor 31 can be subjected to a compressive force or a tensile force depending on the rotation direction of the screw 29. . Of course, other types of moving means are possible.

For the start of spinning, the gas nozzle part 27 is lifted, i.e. moved upwards in FIG. 1, so that the seal 33 is released from the pressure. If the gas 21 is supplied by the supply pipe 20 after arrival, the pressure on the seal portion 33 is increased not only by the downward movement of the gas nozzle portion 27 but also by the pressure of the gas chamber 22. Thus, a specific automatic adjustment of the sealing part takes place simultaneously with the arrival of the melt or solution, and the release of the Laval nozzle cross section occurs towards the individual spinning connection.

In order to clean the spinning tube 23, the gas supply port 21 is switched, and the gas nozzle portion 27 is lifted until the plate portion 35 contacts the spinning tube 23 together with the wall of the Laval nozzle 35. Thereby, the air in the region of the seal portion 33 and the surface 32 is blown out. The tube-connecting portion 23 can be cleaned at the same time as it protrudes from the Laval nozzle.

The device represented in FIG. 3 has a spinning nozzle portion 1, preferably conical, with a series of raised portions or protrusions, which accepts or forms the spinning nozzle 13. For example, the spinning nozzle portion can be configured as a plate portion into which the spinning nozzle 13 (similar to FIG. 1) is inserted. The spinning nozzle has a melt or solution line 14 ending in the spinning nozzle opening 3.

Further, for example, a gas nozzle portion 2 configured as a hollow body formed by two plates provided with a funnel-shaped depression is installed.

A cavity 9 is formed between the plates, and this cavity is blocked by a funnel-shaped depression. The hollow portion 9 is used as a gas chamber that is sequentially connected to a gas supply source. An annular opening 4 is incorporated around each funnel-shaped recess, and the opening 4 shown in cross-section in FIG. 3 is commonly designed as shown in FIG. 4 with respect to adjacent funnel-shaped recesses. In the example, funnel-shaped depressions are placed closely adjacent.

The conical swell portion forming the spinning nozzle 13 is engaged with the recess of the gas nozzle portion 2 so that the gas flow line 5 of the symmetric rotating body is born. In the embodiment shown, in the intermediate space between the spinning nozzles 13 shown in FIG. 3 as respective depressions, an additional heat insulation forming part 11 is introduced to form an air gap 12 at the same time as the spinning opening. A gas flow line 5 is formed around the space 9 between the surface of the forming portion 11 extending to 3 and the surface of the recessed portion of the portion 2. The respective gas flow pipes 5 are thereby configured to taper in the direction of the respective spinning openings 3 in which the respective recesses are engaged by the symmetrical rotating body. Thus, each laval nozzle is born and its cross section is suddenly widened at the edge between the bottom plate recess and the outer surface of FIG. 3, but this widening may also be done slowly.

The spinning nozzle part 1 and the gas nozzle part 2 are movable relative to each other in the vertical direction as viewed in FIG. 3, and this movement can be effected by means of a sliding rod not shown in the figure. Accordingly, the height of the narrowest position 6 of the Laval nozzle can be adjusted with respect to the spinning opening 3, so that the spinning can be easily started up.

Since this sliding rod can absorb the forces generated simultaneously with the different expansions of the spinning nozzle 1 and the gas nozzle part 2, the positions of the two parts are maintained.

In FIG. 4, two rows of spinning nozzles 13 and Laval nozzle sets ending in the narrowest cross section 6 are shown, with one row of spinning nozzles 13 being offset with respect to the other row of nozzles. In particular, if the spinning beam width is larger, a special gas distribution line may also be provided between adjacent rows for supplying the required amount of gas to the Laval nozzle.

The driving method is handled as follows.

In FIG. 3, the melt is fed to part 1 and at the same time appears in the spinning nozzle opening 3, after which the air, called gas, flows in the parts 1 and 2 towards the narrowest cross section 6. After emerging from the space 9 of the part 2 via the annular opening 4 which is a symmetric rotating body with respect to the spinning nozzle opening 3 in between, it flows out of the space 9 of the part 2 and at the same time firmly captures the yarn 7 appearing in the spinning opening 3 in advance This speeds up, that is, reduces the diameter, and at the same time, the nano-bar effect causes the yarn already on the raval nozzle or coming soon to burst into a bundle 8 like a brush.

Although a single row of nozzles can be used to start spinning simply by extruding the two half-pipe lines that form the Laval nozzle, this is not possible with a multi-row nozzle set. However, the portion 2 is movable in the direction of the yarn appearance axis. As a result, this can be pulled back entirely towards the forming part 11 at the start of spinning, while at the same time the exclusion of spinning air via the opening 4 can be stopped from the beginning or can be kept to a small amount. . Afterwards, part 2 is lowered and spinning of the thread is started, the working pressure of the space 9 in part 2 by the method of flowing the spinning material at the temperature of the spinning material required for splitting from the opening 3 Is pulled out according to the set data known about the air velocity due to and simultaneously burst. The material is conveniently additionally heated immediately before it emerges from the spinning opening 3 indicated by the heating means 10, but the introduction and attachment of the heating means have been omitted for the sake of clarity of the drawing. In order to prevent the flowing air from cooling unacceptably to temperatures below the spinning material temperature, the forming part 11 is formed near the spinning nozzle opening 3 and the inner wall of the symmetrical rotating body conduit 5 is formed for constant acceleration of the air. On the other hand, the spinning nozzle 13 is also insulated from the heat of the air flow in the flow line 5 passing through the air gap 12. However, the forming portion 11 may include heating means for the spinning nozzle instead of the spinning nozzle portion 1.

The two basic positions of the movable part 2 for starting the spinning process are indicated in FIG. 3 by dotted lines.

In FIG. 4, in order to illustrate the air supply from the outside to the individual spinning nozzles 13 for the supply from the space 9 through the openings 4 to the conduits 5, each ending with a minimum cross section 6, 2. A horizontal cross section BB (FIG. 3) is shown as a cross section passing through the multi-row nozzle device for the row nozzle.

If a larger amount of air is required, i.e. a wider non-woven fabric, and therefore a spinning beam width, the main distribution line can be fitted between the nozzle openings and the spinning nozzle according to the invention Since the apparatus forms a plurality of spinning beams continuously when viewed in the non-woven cloth traveling direction and has an advantage as a spinning beam, only the individual nozzle rows move slightly apart in the non-woven cloth traveling direction. As shown here for the case of spinning nozzles and Laval nozzles over non-woven cloth widths, each has its own irregularities even from hole to hole. Statistical compensation can be performed between individual rows for the uniformity of wider non-woven fabrics as the next row of yarn increasingly covers the sparse location of the preceding portion.

Also, if a liquid medium with gas or air or solution is required for cooling or maintaining warm air during spinning of the solution or for solidifying the yarn, this medium is placed between the spinning nozzle and the Laval nozzle. The third liquid stream can be easily introduced or discharged. This is illustrated in FIG. 1 by a plate 37 provided with a spinning tube 23 and an opening 38 below the Laval nozzle-like opening 36, respectively. As in the case of the air supply port up to the space 22, the third fluid flow can be introduced into the space 41 formed between the plate 35 and the plate 37 at 39 by the arrow 40. This flow then travels through the upper edge of the opening 38 into the yarn air stream. This can be done, for example, by introducing pulp coagulation from lyocell solution yarns, as described in more detail in DE 100 65 859. The size of the openings 38 associated with the spinning tube 23 and their position can be easily adjusted with the main flow of yarn with ambient gas. All three fluids thereby flow downward (on the drawing).

The device is also basically suitable for spinning different spinning materials in individual spinning nozzles, and the melt or spinning solution delivery for this purpose is correspondingly alternating, i.e. transversely alternating with respect to the direction of travel. Or have to be prepared separately from column to column. Therefore, special effects such as spinning of bundles of matrix yarns, such as polypropylene as a bundled yarn and polyester as a matrix that provides strength, or shrinking significantly after a non-woven fabric settles. Mixed non-woven fabric to give a higher volume and softness as a result of the yarn portion shrinkage of the whole yarn fabric and other non-woven properties with two or more different ingredients Manufacture is possible. Two-component or multi-component yarns can be manufactured without difficulty by supplying two or more kinds of spinning materials into the spinning nozzle portion and to the pipe 14. Different types of mixed non-woven fabrics can be produced for different throughput cases adjusted by the opening cross-sections of the spinning nozzle openings of different sizes or by controlling the melt feed to the latter.

The device further has the advantage that the melt-guided spinning nozzle part 1 or 28 is connected to the cooler gas nozzle 2 or 27 while being movable relative to each other and fixed in the transverse direction. . After heating part 1 by heating means not shown here, especially heated air is supplied from part 2, unless the spinning perforated part 3 and the narrowest cross-section 6 show deviations beyond the width and length, respectively. 1 expands further relative to 2, but the same is true for portions 28 and 27 as well. The connection can be made by means of a sliding rod (not shown) which prevents this displacement with respect to force, which can be arranged in the plate of the spinning nozzle part 1 and the gas nozzle part between the spinning nozzle / Laval nozzle set. . However, in order to prevent uneven expansion, the air flow in the flow line 5 may be intentionally heated.

The guiding part 1 which is initially set in the spinning perforation opening 3 and then arranged in the running direction of the thread 7 so as to generate a splitting action, uses a guiding tool or sliding rod known from the tool structure Must be implemented. Similarly, the introduction of air not shown here is performed from the outside on the spinning beam to the front, back or side, and the seal part needs to be between the spinning nozzle part 1 and the gas nozzle part 2 or between 1 and 2 Since a guide length of several millimeters is sufficient, the chamber space 9 shown in FIG. 4 may be supplied via the corrugated bellows around the spinning beam and the outer dispersion chamber.

Now, it is possible in a simple way to divide the widening beam into multiple nozzle fields, these individual packs (spinning packs) in the event of a spinning opening blockage or other disruption. A number of individual spinning nozzle / Laval nozzle sets are included as well so that they can be interchanged. The separate gaps are then arranged in a cross shape with respect to the running direction, and the spinning nozzle openings are respectively arranged on the aforementioned gaps as shown in FIG.

The following example shows the use of the apparatus in the nanofiber method and the split fiber spinning method with one example achieved yarn value. Molten polypropylene was dispensed into 19 spinning nozzles 13 arranged in a row with inlet perforation holes for melt 14 and 0.3 mm diameter spinning nozzle openings. In the running direction of the yarn, a Laval nozzle with the narrowest cross section of 3 mm in diameter was then arranged for each of these openings, which was guided back to the spinning opening after starting spinning. The polymer throughput was altered in the regions summarized in Table 1, as well as the air pressure or flow air velocity in the shear stress region of the yarn leading to the split. The temperature of the polypropylene melt could be further heated by about 20 ° C. at the spinning nozzle 13 via electrical heating components just prior to its emergence from the spinning opening.

For some devices according to FIGS. 1 and 2, almost unchanged results are produced for data in the same way.

Thin threads can be manufactured to less than approximately 0.5μm = 500 nanometers (nm), not necessarily when the air is at higher pressures, ie, when the air is faster, higher temperature and lower throughput. However, this was also done at higher throughput times than 3 g / min, but for this purpose the melt temperature was raised from 335 ° C to 352 ° C before its appearance and the air temperature was 3.0 g / min. At the higher throughput time of min and hole, and within its fluctuation range caused by compression, it is maintained as it is, and at the same time, depending on the rise at other constant time points up to 180 ° C It is clear that there was no measurable effect. Only the air temperature was raised to 220 ° C. and then measured with a microscope, resulting in a minimum diameter value d ₅₀ = 1 μm of 0.44. However, in the measurement of the yarn using the microscope here, the fluctuation width is already the width of the wavelength of light, so high accuracy can no longer be required. In any case, from the perspective of conventional spinning, there is a surprisingly clear dependency at first. However, if it is recalled that the yarn at this point is produced by bursting or splitting, a law different from that of a pure length draw operates as described above, which results in a production average yarn diameter and The same effect is achieved up to the scattering range, and individual parameters can be changed, for example, the melt temperature with respect to the gas velocity.

Although the apparatus according to the present invention is primarily intended for the production of fine yarns, the thicker ones can also be used to spin and thus exhibit their versatility. Accordingly, polyester and polylactide yarns were produced as summarized in Tables 2 and 3. The diameter of the spinning nozzle opening was 1 mm.

During spinning of polyester yarn, as described in L. Gerking, "Changes in Filament Properties and Spinning Lines in Polymers", Chemical Fiber / Weaving Industry, 43/95 (1993), pages 874/875. Plenty of 1 meter has proven to be advantageous to pull the yarn after a burst through the underlying injection line. As described in DE 19 65 054, from the 44th line to the 57th line of the fourth paragraph, the tensile strength of the yarn could be increased by both measures by repeated heating between them. It was possible to suppress to a considerable extent.

Polymer polylactides produced from natural raw materials showed the values summarized in Table 3 in split fiber spinning for thicker yarns.

In Table 3, the value characterized by (1) appears as a maximum value at the same time as it appears from the detectable dependence in other cases. In this adjustment, the aerodynamic ratio was changed by changing the Laval nozzle geometry as in the case of the value characterized in (2). In the case of (1), splitting of the molten yarn can never occur, but in the case of (2) it sometimes occurs.

The device according to the invention is for yarn-forming melts or solutions, but is generally also available for liquids, for example in the case of thin-layer applications such as colorants, paints and finishes. This is then used to atomize the liquid into as small droplets as possible with a uniform distribution on the application surface. Each of these conditions can be easily found by adjusting the geometry of the device to explore possibilities.

(According to FIG. 1, FIG. 2 or FIG. 3, FIG. 4) The device is more sensitive to the individual outflow openings, here the melt or solution than in the case where the distribution is carried out from the film as in the normal case of using a nozzle array. It has the further advantage that the distribution to the spinning tube 23 can be made even more easily and uniformly. The produced non-woven fabric is further named a “lane” which is a uniform stripe and at the same time has no wrinkles and has a different weight in the running direction.

FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section through a first embodiment of the spinning device according to the invention corresponding to the section line DD according to FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the device according to the invention, taken along section line CC in FIG. Sectional view corresponding to the section line AA of FIG. 4 of a part of the device according to the invention according to a second embodiment Sectional view of the device along section line BB in FIG.

Claims (15)

A plurality of protruding spinning nozzles with spinning openings from which the spinning material will appear as monofilaments as soon as it is placed in the spinning nozzle part and at the same time widening after the cross section assigned to the spinning opening is reduced to the smallest cross section In particular, in a spinning device for producing split fiber, which has a plurality of acceleration nozzles of Laval nozzles and is provided with a gas flow supply means which is accelerated at the same time as surrounding the monofilament through the acceleration nozzles, the spinning nozzle forms the gas flow A gas nozzle part (27) comprising at least partly a plate-like gas nozzle part (27) as a funnel-like depression meshing with the pipe line, and means for relative movement of the gas nozzle part and the associated spinning nozzle part And / or the flow cross section of the Is a spinning device in which the minimum cross section of the acceleration nozzle is installed so as to be adjustable with respect to the spinning opening. 2. Spinning device according to claim 1, characterized in that the means for relative movement includes a guide and / or a sliding rod. The spinning device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the relative moving means is configured as an adjusting screw device arranged between the gas nozzle portion and the spinning nozzle portion. At least one gas chamber with a gas supply port is installed between the spinning nozzle portion and the gas nozzle portion, and at the same time, the gas chamber is communicated with the gas flow pipe and the spinning nozzle protrudes therein. A spinning device according to any one of claims 1 to 3. 5. A spinning nozzle part region having a protruding spinning nozzle is inserted between the edges at the same time that a frame-like edge is installed in the gas nozzle part. Spinning device. The spinning device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the self-adjusting seal portion is provided between the spinning nozzle portion and the gas nozzle portion. The gas nozzle part is configured as a hollow body meshed with a funnel-shaped depression, and a gas chamber is formed by the space in the hollow body, and an opening directed to the spinning part is installed, whereby the gas chamber is connected to the gas flow line The spinning device according to claim 1, wherein the spinning device is connected to the spinning device. The forming part (11) is inserted between the spinning nozzles of the spinning part in which the air gap (12) associated with the gas nozzle part for thermal insulation is held, respectively, and the gap extends almost to the spinning opening, and the gas flow line (5) The spinning device according to claim 7, characterized in that is formed between the forming part (11) and the gas nozzle part (2). 9. Spinning device according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the opening (4) is arranged annularly around the funnel-shaped depression. 10. A spinning device according to claim 1, wherein the gas chamber is sealed from the outside. The gas nozzle part (2) and the spinning nozzle part (1) have a plurality of funnel-shaped depressions and spinning nozzles arranged in rows adjacent to each other, with one row of spinning nozzles (13) and acceleration nozzles in the remaining rows. The spinning device according to claim 1, wherein the spinning device is arranged so as to be displaced from the spinning device. The spinning device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the gas nozzle portion and the set of spinning nozzle portions each include a plurality of replaceable gas and nozzle portion segments. A spinning device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that a plurality of gas nozzles and spinning nozzles (1, 2) are arranged adjacent to each other. 14. Spinning according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that additional fluid distributors are installed in the gas nozzle part at equal intervals from the outlet of the acceleration nozzle where the fluid hits the yarn stripped from the monofilament. apparatus. Spinning device according to claim 14, for use for the production of lyocell yarns, wherein the additional liquid is water.