WO2007101459A1

WO2007101459A1 - Spinning apparatus for producing fine threads by splicing

Info

Publication number: WO2007101459A1
Application number: PCT/EP2006/010320
Authority: WO
Inventors: Lüder GERKING
Original assignee: Gerking Lueder
Priority date: 2006-03-08
Filing date: 2006-10-23
Publication date: 2007-09-13
Also published as: CA2644977C; BRPI0621444A2; RU2396378C2; CN101460666B; CN102162141A; RU2008135761A; CA2644977A1; ATE478983T1; CN102162141B; US20090221206A1; DE102006012052A1; DE502006007739D1; EP1902164B1; JP2009529102A; CN101460666A; EP1902164A1

Abstract

A spinning apparatus for producing fine threads by splicing, which comprises a plurality of protruding spinneret jets disposed in a spinneret jet portion and having spinning orifices from which the spinning dopes exit as monofils and having a plurality of acceleration jets, in particular Laval jets, whose cross section reduces, only to widen downstream of the smallest cross section, which are assigned to the spinning orifices is proposed to be provided with means for feeding gas streams which surround the monofils and are accelerated by the acceleration jets. The acceleration jet, in an at least partially plate-shaped gas jet portion, is constructed as a funnel-shaped depression into which the spinneret jet reaches to form gas flow channels. Means for relative displacement of the gas jet part and of the spinneret jet part relative to one another are provided such that the flow cross section of the gas flow channels is alterable and/or the position of the smallest cross section of the acceleration jets is adjustable in relation to the spinning orifices.

Description

Spinning device for producing fine threads by splicing

The invention relates to a spinning device for the production of fine threads by splicing according to the preamble of the main claim.

Fine threads down to less than 1 micrometer (μm) can be prepared by splicing a filamentary fluid stream as a melt, solution or generally as liquids which are later solidified as described in DE 199 29 709 and DE 100 65 859 is. The mechanism of the thread formation is fundamentally different than in all hitherto known spinning processes, where the dope is drawn off from the spinnerets by means of winding devices into threads or in the spunbonding process by accompanying air streams which exert a force on them and in particular Ausfüh-. tion in so-called meltblown process, where the thread pulling air exits close to the spinning orifices heated to about textile material temperature. The yarn speed reaches that of the winding or is under the pulling air or gas streams. This applies to the mean of the thread diameter, single, outliers * are discovered in the meltblown process, where even finer than the throughput and maximum possible take-off speed, the largest air velocity, diameter can adjust, but not yet in a targeted way it is in the said new method, also referred to as Nanoval method happens. Here, according to a new mechanism, recently explained by the basic hydrodynamic laws, see L. Gerking in Chemical Fibers International 54 (2004) pp. 261-262 and 56 (2006), pp. 57-59 the following effect is used: becomes a melt - Or generally fluid filament or film applied by shear stresses outside, it comes in its interior to a pressure build-up, when the speed at the outer skin of the FIU idstrahls greater than that in its interior and this the stronger, the greater its acceleration the exit from the spinning opening can be achieved. This is, so to speak, the reversal of

Flow in tubes or channels (Hagen-Poiseuille), where the pressure energy is consumed to overcome the friction on the channel walls, while in the case of the new spinning process energy is transferred to the thread by the shear stresses acting on it from outside. He tries to resist this by pressure increase inside. Cooling not only the outer skin by the surrounding gas flow, it can lead to the solidification of the thread.

In the case of polymers and polymeric solutions with ih- However, due to the generally low thermal conductivity, initially only an outer skin of increasing viscosity is formed, and the hydrodynamic effects can act inside the thread. It then comes in nice regularity and reproducibility to one

Bursting comparable to the bursting of a tube at its longitudinal seam with surprisingly substantially endless filaments and related to the stochastic character of the splicing low dispersion width in the thread diameter. The number of individual threads thus produced exceeds in the production of very fine threads in the range of and below 1 micron up to several hundred from a liquid jet.

The nanoval process is performed in line nozzles in its industrial applications, with a series of spin holes located above a gap. The gas, generally air without special conditioning after its production in blowers or

Compressors (the energy requirement is generally low compared to the meltblown process) flows on both sides of the row nozzle in steady acceleration to the narrowest cross-section of the gap, which then usually extends rapidly again, but in principle has the configuration of a Laval nozzle. Single round nozzles were described as well, surrounded by a continuously decreasing annular gap.

It has been found that the thrust forces acting on the thread on all sides by a rotationally symmetrical gas flow lead to a smaller average diameter of the substantially endless threads resulting from the splicing, which is due to the more uniform application of the thread. is performed, whether the air is still heated or not. The cooling, which causes the Aufplatzeffekt with the hydrodynamic forces in the interplay, is distributed more evenly around the thread than is the case with the only lateral admission in line nozzles with linear Laval nozzle configuration and less air is consumed. In the row nozzles, part of the air is used less well in the spaces between thread to thread.

Another influencing factor for the production of fine and ever finer threads, which can otherwise be produced for example only by electrospinning, but in very low throughputs and large space and security costs because of the required high voltage, is the throughput per spinneret opening, no matter whether with round or slit-shaped openings for the textile material. The gas velocity can reach the speed of sound in the narrowest cross-section of the Laval nozzle, behind it in the extension quite well go into the supersonic, which then usually leads to this string laden with threads flow to subsonic by compression shocks. But it can only a certain deformation work by the shear stress forces given

Tread of the still deformable thread mass are made. The throughputs are therefore generally smaller in the production of very fine threads in the range of and below 1 micron. This results in the need for more spinnerets across the width for a particular overall throughput in the production of nonwovens by the nanoval process for finer filaments. In the production of yarns that applies accordingly.

The invention has for its object to provide a device for producing fine threads, the compact and structurally simple, with a good piecing should be possible.

This object is achieved by the characterizing features of the main claim in conjunction with the features of the preamble.

Advantageous further developments and improvements are possible due to the features illustrated in the subclaims.

Characterized in that the device for producing fine threads at least one spinneret equipped spinning spinneret and an at least partially plate-shaped gas nozzle part having at least one gas supply space, wherein the at least partially plate-shaped the gas nozzle part has a plurality of funnel-shaped depressions as acceleration nozzles, in the engage the spinnerets, such that combinations of spinnerets / accelerating nozzles, in particular Laval nozzles are formed with rotationally symmetrical gas flow channels, the device can be compact with a variety of close-spaced combinations are constructed, the gas nozzle part and Spinndüsenteil be relatively displaced, so that the gas nozzle between part and spinnerets of the spinneret part formed gas flow channels can assume different flow cross-sections, whereby the height of the spinning orifices to the narrowest cross section of Besc acceleration nozzles, in particular Laval nozzles, is adjustable. As a result, piecing is facilitated and, with several nozzles next to and behind one another, it is made possible in the first place by retracting the gas nozzle part towards the spinneret part in order not to disturb the upcoming threadline. harmonious. The displaceability also facilitates the maintenance and cleaning of the spinnerets.

A particularly simple design is given when formed between the bottom of the spinning nozzle part from which project the spinnerets or spinning nipple, and the top of the plate-shaped portion of the gas nozzle portion of the gas space through which the gas, usually air, the accelerating nozzles is supplied.

It is particularly advantageous to provide a self-adjusting seal between spinneret and gas nozzle part to provide when introducing the gas nozzle part, which is compressed upon introduction of the gas during spinning by the then resulting pressure.

An advantageous embodiment, but somewhat more complex and especially in the supply of "cold" air is to form the gas nozzle part as a hollow body, which is penetrated by the depressions and whose cavity forms the gas space between the Einsenkun-, the hollow body to the

Spinneret part directed openings, preferably rotationally symmetrical around the depressions around, over which the air or the gas passes to the accelerating nozzles.

It can be arranged side by side a plurality of nozzle and gas nozzle parts, wherein also different textile materials can be spun out.

Advantageously, below the plate-shaped region of the gas nozzle part, a further plate be arranged with openings to form a distribution space for another fluid. This fluid may be water for coagulating dissolved pulps, coolant for freezing the molecular orientation achieved in the splice, means for heating, eg, water vapor, for a second draw, or the like.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing and will be explained in more detail in the following description. Show it:

1 shows a longitudinal section through a first embodiment of the spinning device according to the invention corresponding to the section lines D-D of Fig. 2,

FIG. 2 shows a section of the device according to the invention corresponding to the sectional lines C - C from FIG. 1, FIG.

Fig. 3 is a section through a part of the device according to the invention according to a second embodiment according to the section line A-A in Fig. 4, and

4 shows a section through the device according to the section line B-B in Fig. 3rd

The spinning device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has a spinneret part 28, in which a plurality of melt channels 14 are provided, which are supplied via a filter 25 and a perforated plate 26 for cleaning supplied melt or solution with melt or solution. The melt channels continue in spinnerets or spin nipples 23, wherein only three rows of nipples 23 are shown here. It may well be several consecutive spider nipples in the direction of travel arrow 50 provided.

The lower plate-shaped region of the spinneret part is received in a gas nozzle part 27 which comprises a frame-like border 34 and a plate-like part 35, in the latter three rows of Laval nozzles 36 corresponding to the rows of spin nipples 23 being provided. The border 34 is provided with an upstand, wherein a seal 33 is arranged between this upstand and an opposite surface 32 of the lower region of the spinneret part 28.

The spinning and the gas nozzle parts 28, 27 are aligned with each other so that the tip of the spinning nipple 23 project into the Laval nozzles 36, wherein between the lower surface of the spinneret member 28 and the upper surface of the plate-shaped portion 35 of the gas nozzle part, a gas space 22 is formed, through which the spinning nipple 23 extend and which is connected to the gas or air feeds 20 provided in the border.

In particular, when the supplied air is cold, the spinning nipples 23 are preferably provided with a heater 24, advantageously with a band heater, as is known from injection molding tools in plastics engineering.

The device according to the invention has means for relative displacement of the spinning and gas nozzle part 28, 27, wherein in the present embodiment, a screw 29 fixed in one with the spinneret part connected nut lock 30 is guided and connected in an anchorage 31 in the frame 34 of the gas nozzle part 27 with this, the anchorage 31 can exert pressure or pulling action according to the direction of rotation of the screw 29, whereby the gas nozzle part is moved. Of course, other types of shifting means are possible.

For piecing, the gas nozzle member 27 is raised, i. shifted upward in Fig., whereby the seal 33 is relieved. If, after starting, the gas 21 is supplied via the supply 20, in addition to a displacement of the gas nozzle part 27 down a compressive force on the seal 33 by the pressure in the gas space 22 is amplified. There is thus a certain self-adjustment of the seal when starting the melt or solution and release of the Laval nozzle cross-section to the individual spinning nipples.

For cleaning the spinning nipple 25, the gas supply 21 is turned off, the gas nozzle part 27 is raised until the plate member 35 abuts the wall of the Laval nozzles 35 on the spinning nipples 25. The existing air in the area of the seal 33 and the surface 32 is blown out. The nipples 25 stick out of the Laval nozzles and can be cleaned.

The device shown in Fig. 3 comprises a spinneret 1 with a series of protrusions, preferably in the form of cones, which

Absorb spinnerets 13. For example, the spinning nozzle part may be formed as a plate into which the spinnerets 13 (similar to FIG. 1) are inserted. The spinnerets have melt or solution channels 14 which terminate in a spinneret orifice 3. Furthermore, a gas nozzle part 2 is provided, which is formed for example as a hollow body which is formed by two plates provided with funnel-shaped depressions.

Between the plates, a cavity 9 is formed, which is interrupted by the funnel-shaped depressions. The cavity 9 serves as a gas space, which in turn is connected to a gas supply source. To each funnel-shaped depression around an annular opening 4 is incorporated, wherein the openings 4 shown in section in FIG. 3 in accordance with FIG. 4 are common for adjacent funnel-shaped depressions, i. in the embodiment, the funnel-shaped depressions are arranged close to each other.

The conical, the spinnerets 13 forming elevations engage in the depressions of the gas nozzle part 2 such that rotationally symmetrical gas flow channels 5 arise. In the illustrated embodiment, in each case in the space between the spinnerets 13, which are shown in Fig. 3 as wells, forming an air gap 12 is still an insulating mold 11 inserted, which extends to the spinning orifice 3, so that the gas flow channel 5 between the surface Form part 11 and surface of the recess in part 2 is formed around the space 9. In this case, the respective gas flow channel 5 is designed such that it tapers in the direction of the respective spinning opening 3, which is surrounded rotationally symmetrically by the respective depression. Thus, in each case a Laval nozzle is realized, the cross-section of which widens abruptly at the edge between the depression and the outer surface of the lower plate in FIG. 3, but which is also gradual. lent can happen.

The spinneret part 1 and the gas nozzle part 2 are relative to each other, as shown in FIG. 3, displaced in the vertical direction, which can be realized by slide rods, not shown. As a result, the height of the narrowest point 6 of the Lavaldü- se can be adjusted in relation to the spinning opening 3, whereby the piecing is facilitated.

These slide bars can simultaneously absorb force arising at different expansions of the spinneret 1 and the gas nozzle part 2, whereby the positioning of both parts is maintained.

In Fig. 4, two rows of combinations of spinnerets 13 and Laval nozzles, ending in the narrowest cross section 6 are shown, wherein the spinnerets 13 are offset one row to those of the other rows. It is possible in particular for larger spinning beam widths that separate gas distribution channels are provided between adjacent rows in order to introduce the required quantities of gas to the Laval nozzles.

In the following the functionality is discussed.

In Fig. 3, the melt is introduced in the part 1 and exits in the spinneret orifices 3, while the gas, hereinafter referred to as air, from the space 9 in Part 2 after exiting via the annular opening 4 to the spinneret orifice 3 rotationally symmetrical Channel 5 flows between part 1 and 2 to the narrowest cross section 6 and previously detected at the spinning opening 3, the emerging thread 7, it accelerates, ie reduced in diameter and after the nanoval effect already in the Laval nozzle or shortly thereafter for brush-like bursting into a bundle of threads 8 brings.

While the piecing in a line nozzle is done simply by pushing together two halves of the channel forming the Laval nozzles, this is not possible with nozzle combinations in several rows. However, the part 2 can be moved in the direction of the thread exit axis. As a result, it can be completely withdrawn during piecing to the molded part 11, a blow-out of spinning air through the openings 4 can initially be omitted or it is allowed to a small extent. Then the part 2 is lowered, the thread spun, warped and burst according to the known from the process air speed adjustment data from the applied pressure in the space 9 of Part 2, for the flowing dope from the openings 3 and in the for the Splicing required temperature of the dope. This is advantageously additionally heated shortly before it leaves the spinning openings 3, indicated by heaters 10, for the sake of clarity and clarity of the drawing, the drawing has been omitted. So that the flowing air does not unduly cool it at temperatures lower than the spinning mass temperature, the molded part 11 is designed such that it forms the inner wall of the rotationally symmetrical channel 5 until the spinning nozzle orifice 3 is continuously accelerated for a steady acceleration of the air. but via an air gap 12 and the spinneret 13 against the air flow in the flow channel 5 thermally insulated. However, the molded part 11 may also contain the heaters of the spinning nozzles instead of the spinneret part 1. The two basic positions of the movable part 2 are indicated in Fig. 3, dashed lines for piecing.

Fig. 4 shows a horizontal section BB (in Fig. 3) as a section through a multi-row nozzle device for two rows of nozzles illustrating the air supply from the outside to the individual spinnerets 13 for feeding from the space 9 via the openings 4 in the channels 5, which each end at the smallest cross-section 6.

It can be mounted between the nozzle openings at greater air requirements, so with larger fleece and thus spider bar widths, with only the rows of individual nozzles in fleece running slightly apart, because the spinnerette device according to the invention has the same advantage as a spinning beam, that he in Fleece running direction seen several spinning beam forms one behind the other. Each has its own unevenness, even from hole to hole as in the case shown here with spinneret and Laval nozzle across the fleece width. Between the individual rows a statistical compensation for greater fleece uniformity can take place, because the threads of the following rows increasingly occupy the thin areas of the preceding ones.

If gas or air or a liquid medium for accompanying it is also desired for cooling or keeping warm, for spinning solutions and for coagulating the threads, this medium can be easily introduced as a third fluid flow between the spinning and laval nozzles and brought to the outflow. This is illustrated in FIG. 1 by a plate 37, which is provided with openings 38 in each case below the spinning nip. pel 23 and the Laval nozzle-like openings 36 is provided. Similar to the supply of air into the space 22, the third fluid flow can be introduced into the space 41 formed between the plates 35 and 37 at 39 according to arrow 40. He steps from there over the upper edges of the openings 38 in the thread air flow. This can be done, for example, to initiate the coagulation of pulp from Lyocelllösungsfäden, as described in more detail in DE 100 65 859. The size of the openings 38 and their location to the spin nipples 23 can be easily matched to the main flow of the thread with the surrounding gas. All three fluids flow down (in the drawing).

The device is also fundamentally suitable for spinning out different textile materials in the individual spinnerets, for which purpose the melt or spinning solution distribution must be set up accordingly, be it alternately transversely to the direction of travel or also different from row to row. It is thus possible to produce mixed nonwovens for achieving special effects such as the binding of binding threads in matrix threads, eg polypropylene as binder thread and polyester as the strength-giving matrix or by a part of more shrinking threads, after the nonwoven storage by shrinking the entire thread structure higher volume and softness as well as other nonwoven properties by two or more different components. Bi- or multicomponent filaments can also be produced easily by feeding two or more textile materials into the spinneret part and into the channels 14. Different throughputs, set by differently sized opening cross sections of the spinneret openings or controlled melt supply to them, can be another type of Mixed fleeces are produced.

The present device also has the advantage that it connects the melt-carrying spinneret parts 1 and 28 with the colder gas nozzle parts 2 and 27 against each other displaceable, but transversely to firmly. After heating of Part 1 with heaters not shown here, in principle, if no particularly heated air from Part 2 is supplied, Part 1 to 2 expand more so that each spin hole 3 and closest cross-section 6 deviations across the width and length, the The same applies to the parts 28 and 27. The connection can be made by the slide rods, not shown, which prevent this deviation in terms of power, wherein they can be arranged in the plates of the spinneret part 1 and the gas nozzle part between the combinations spinneret / Laval nozzle. In order to prevent the different expansion but also aware of a warming of the air flow in the flow channel 5 can be made.

A guide of the part 1, which is initially set back relative to the spinning bore opening 3 and later displaced in the direction of the thread 7 to produce the splicing effect, has to be done by known in tool making guides or slide rods. The introduction of the air, also not drawn here, happens from the outside from the front, back or side of the spinning beam, with a seal between spinneret 1 and gas nozzle part 2 must be present or because a few millimeters of guide length between 1 and 2 sufficient, also Wellbälge to the Spinning beam around and an outer distribution chamber, the chambers 9 shown in Fig. 4 are fed. It is now also possible in a simple manner to divide spinner beams of greater width into a plurality of nozzle fields, these in turn consisting of numerous individual spinneret / Laval nozzle combinations, so that individual of these packages (spin packs) can be replaced in case of blockages of the spinning openings or other disorders. The joints are then mounted obliquely to the direction of rotation, wherein the spinneret openings are arranged as shown in Fig. 4 respectively to the gap of the previous.

The following example shows the use of the device in the splicing spinning process according to Nanoval and the yarn values obtained by way of example. A polypropylene melt was dispensed onto nineteen in-line spinnerets 13 with melt feed holes 14 and spinneret orifices of 0.3 mm diameter. In the thread running direction thereafter, there was a valve nozzle with the narrowest cross-section of 3 mm diameter for each of these openings, which was returned to the spinning opening after piecing. The polymer throughput was changed in areas as shown in Table 1, as well as the air pressure and thus the flowing air velocity in the area of the thread for the

Splicing leading shear stresses. The temperature of the polypropylene melt could be heated in the spinneret 13 by about another 20 ⁰ C shortly before it exits the spinning orifice via electrical heating elements.

For a device according to FIGS. 1, 2 do not yield significantly different results with the same process data. Melt air thread result m ₀ T ₃ Δp _k τ _L dso CV dmin dmax g / min ° C mbar o _C μm% μm μm

1.5 330 403 43 3.9 38 1.72 8.2

330 600 47 2.2 23 1.22 3.6

330 800 56 2.2 45 0.87 4.4

334 400 230 1.5 47 0.87 3.5

335 600 230 2.0 40 0.67 3.8

336 0.78

800 233 1, 5 40 3, 1

3, 0 344 400 230 2.4 33 0.61 3.9

344 600 230 2.1 33 1.12 3.4

344 800 230 1.5 47 0.44 3.4

352 400 46 2.1 48 0.77 4.9

352 600 46 1.2 42 0.31 2.2

352 800 46 1.3 31 0.48 2.3

351 600 180 1.2 33 0.63 2.3

351 600 220 1.0 40 0.44 1.8

351 600 220 1.1 27 0.49 1.8

Table 1 Thread Results Polypropylene (PP)

MFI 28 melt index at 230 ⁰ C and 2.16 kg

m _o polymer throughput per spin hole

Ts melt temperature

Δp _k Air pressure before acceleration in the Laval nozzle

T _L air temperature ebendort d ₅₀ av. Thread diameter from 20 individual measurements on the microscope screen

CV Super. Scattering / d ₅₀ 100% coefficient of variation the generated thread diameter d _m i _n smallest ever measured thread diameter

It is striking that not only at higher air pressures, ie higher air velocities, higher air temperatures and lower throughputs, the fine filaments could be produced down to about 0.5 μm = 500 nanometers (nm), but also at larger throughputs of 3 g / min and hole was achieved by raising the melt temperature from 335 to 352 ⁰ C prior to exiting it, but the air temperature remained at the higher throughput of 3.0 g / min and remained within the range generated by compression Increase with otherwise constant values to 180 ⁰ C no measurable influence in the direction of higher fineness resulted. Only an air temperature increased to 220 ⁰ C then gave the value of d ₅₀ = 1 micron with measured in the microscope minimum diameters of 0.44. However, a thread measurement as here with the microscope can no longer claim high accuracy, since one is already in the range of light wavelengths. In any case, there are clear dependencies that are initially surprising from the standpoint of conventional spinning. If, however, one realizes that threads are produced by bursting, ie fragmentation, then other laws than those of pure longitudinal drawing as described above are at work, which lead to changing individual parameters such as, for example, the melt temperature to the gas velocity can have the same influence on the resulting mean thread diameter and even their scattering.

Although the device according to the invention is primarily intended for the production of fine threads, can also coarser are spun with her, showing her versatility. Thus, threads of polyester and polylactide were produced as shown in Tables 2 and 3. The diameter of the spinneret orifices was 1.0 mm.

g / min ° C Mbar ° C μm% μm μm

5.2 288 550 108 10.1 47 4.1 20.0

332 1000 271 4.2 43 1.5 9.9

10.0 299 500 270 15.3 23 7.4 19.8

271 1000 106 19.0 35 8.0 26.9

15.0 325 500 167 23.2 25 9.8 36.6

330 1000 165 11.3 65 4.2 33.2

Table 2 Thread Results Polyester (PET) i.v. =

0.64 intrinsic viscosity (textile type)

When spinning polyester filaments it proved to be an advantage to pull the filaments through a well 1 meter lower injector channel as in L. Gerking, change of filament properties from the polymer and in the spinning line, manmade fibers / textile industry 43/95 (1993) on pages 874/875. By repeated heating between as described in DE 19 65 054 column 4, lines 44 to 57, the tensile strength of the threads could be increased with both measures, but above all the shrinkage can be significantly reduced.

The polymer polylactide prepared from natural raw materials showed the values reproduced in Table 3 in splice spinning to coarser threads.

g / min ⁰ C mbar ⁰ C μm% μm μm

5.2 253 352 35 26.6 19 13.5 33.9

254 352 35 14.4 37 4.4 27.7

254 780 44 16.4 56 5.0 48.3

7, 6 284 507 52 6, 5 43 2, 0 11, 1

9, 0 255 807 56 14, 2 46 5, 0 28, 7

254 831 60 40.5 (D 18 26, 8 50, 1

245 348 60 14, 4 75 3, 9 44, 3

9.7 277 889 64 9.9 59 3.7 29.3

10.1 253 915 90 24.1 (2) 45 5.4 42.8

13.3 285 185 47 7.8 40 1.22 15.0

Table 3 Thread Results Polylactide (PLA)

MF (melt flow index) 22 at 210 ⁰ C and 2.16 kg

In Table 3, the value marked with (1) falls out of the otherwise recognizable dependencies, also as the largest value. With this setting, the aerodynamic conditions were changed by changing the valve nozzle geometry, also at the value marked (2). In (1) no splicing of the melt filament occurred at (2) now and then.

The device according to the invention can be used for thread-forming melts or solutions, but also generally for liquids, for example when it comes to applying thin layers such as paints, varnishes, coatings. It then serves to atomize the liquids into the finest possible droplets if possible uniform distribution on the area to be assigned. The conditions are easy to find in each case by the given geometric adjustment of the device.

The devices (according to FIG. 1, 2 or 3, 4) furthermore have the advantage that a melt or solution can be more easily distributed uniformly to individual outflow openings - in this case nipples 23 - than if this happens from a film, as is usually the case with row nozzles. The fleece produced has more uniform and usually not especially the webs, also called "lanes" strips of different weight in the direction of travel.

Claims

claims

1. A spinning device for producing fine threads by splicing with a plurality of arranged in a spinneret part projecting spinnerets with spinning orifices from which emerge the spinning masses as monofilaments, and with several the

Spinning openings associated with accelerating nozzles, in particular Laval nozzles whose cross-section is reduced and expanded to the smallest cross-section, means are provided for supplying gas flows surrounding the monofilaments and accelerated by the accelerating nozzles, characterized in that the acceleration nozzle in an at least partially plate-shaped gas nozzle part ( 27) is formed as a funnel-shaped depression into which engage the spinneret to form gas flow channels and that means are provided for relative displacement of the gas nozzle member and the spinneret member to each other, such that the flow cross-section of the gas flow channels changeable and / or the position of the smallest cross section of the acceleration - nozzle is adjustable with respect to the spinning openings.

2. Spinning device according to claim 1, characterized in that the means for relative displacement comprise guides and / or slide bars.

3. spinning device according to claim 1 or claim

2, characterized in that the means for relative displacement is formed as an adjusting screw device, which is arranged between the gas nozzle part and spinneret part.

4. spinning device according to one of claims 1 to

3, characterized in that between the spinneret and gas nozzle part a gas space is provided with at least one gas supply, which is in communication with the gas flow channels and in which the spinnerets protrude.

5. spinning device according to one of claims 1 to

4, characterized in that the gas nozzle part is provided with a frame-like border, wherein between the border of the outstanding spinnerets having region of the spinneret part is inserted.

6. spinning device according to one of claims 1 to

5, characterized in that a self-adjusting seal is provided between spinning nozzle part and gas nozzle part.

7. spinning device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the gas nozzle part is formed as a hollow body, which is penetrated by the funnel-shaped depressions, wherein the space within the hollow body forms a gas space and directed to the spinning part openings are provided, which Gas space connects with the gas flow channels.

8. spinning device according to claim 7, characterized in that between the spinneret of the spinning part each molding (11) while maintaining air gaps (12) for gas nozzle part to Heat insulation are used, which extend substantially to the spinning orifices, wherein between the mold parts (11) and the gas nozzle part (2) the gas flow channels (5) are formed.

9. spinning device according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the openings (4) are arranged in an annular manner around the funnel-shaped depressions.

10. spinning device according to one of claims 1 to

9, characterized in that the gas space is sealed to the outside.

11. Spinning device according to one of claims 1 to

10, characterized in that the gas nozzle part (2) and the spinneret part (1) several in

Series juxtaposed funnel-shaped depressions and spinnerets, wherein the spinning (13) and accelerating nozzles of one row are offset from the other row.

12. spinning device according to one of claims 1 to

11, characterized in that the combination of gas nozzle and spinneret part consists of several gas and nozzle segments, which are each interchangeable.

13. spinning device according to one of claims 1 to

12, characterized in that a plurality of gas and spinnerets (1, 2) are arranged side by side.

14. Spinning device according to one of claims 1 to

13, characterized in that at the gas nozzle part at a distance from the exit of the Be accelerating nozzles a distribution device is provided for an additional fluid that strikes the spliced from the monofilament threads.

15. A spinning apparatus according to claim 14 for use in the manufacture of lyocell threads, wherein the additive fluid is water.