JP2009520898A - Small compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

  A first tubular housing part (10), a first end region (21) opening into the first tubular housing part (10) and a second end region defining a compression chamber (C) and containing a piston (30); A second tubular housing part (20) having (22), a motor (40) held by the first tubular housing part (10), and a drive means (50) for connecting the piston (30) to the motor (40). A valve plate (70) seated against the second end region (22) of the second tubular housing part (20), and fixed to the second tubular housing part (20) against the valve plate (70) And provides fluid communication between the suction chamber (C) and the suction line (1) and discharge line (2) of the cooling circuit to which the compressor is coupled, through the interior and the valve plate (70). That the end cover (80) and a small compressor including.

Description

  The present invention relates to a cooling system, and more particularly to a small compressor used to cool components of a small electronic device.

  In general, electronic devices, particularly computers, have several electronic components such as microprocessors and integrated circuits, and in order for these electronic components to operate properly, ensure the maintenance of the operating characteristics of these electronic components. In addition, it is necessary to maintain the temperature within a predetermined temperature interval, mainly below the upper limit of this temperature interval.

  Due to technological advances primarily related to the processing speed of these electronic components, overheating and heat dissipation problems in devices using such electronic components are increasingly limiting factors for the satisfactory performance of these electronic components, such devices. Has become one of the main obstacles to improve. Conventional cooling systems (radiation or convection) do not provide efficient cooling of the most sensitive electronic components, nor do they efficiently dissipate heat generated by the operation of equipment containing those electronic components.

  Known solutions for cooling systems for electronic equipment using compressors that operate on refrigerant fluids (as well as home cooling systems such as refrigerators and air conditioners) are also known for the compression of refrigerant fluids, usually pistons inside cylinders. It is an alternating (or reciprocating) piston type achieved by reciprocating motion and has other inconveniences regarding the operational needs of such a compressor. The operation of this compressor requires the use of lubricating oil for the relative moving parts, requires the provision of a lubricating oil sump and an oil pump system, and this compression in the electronics in which it operates Requires more physical space for the machine.

  In addition, the structure of the known technology uses a suspension means, usually in the form of a spring, during the assembly of the compression mechanism to reduce the conduction of vibrations resulting from the reciprocating movement of the piston, which is the final dimension of the housing. Expansion, and therefore requires more physical space in the electronic equipment in which this compressor is provided. The use of such compressors leads to an increase in the weight of the electronic equipment on which they are provided. In addition to all these drawbacks, known refrigeration compressors used at home are difficult to install and do not meet the operating conditions required for cooling electronic components.

  Because of these drawbacks, the electronics industry describes a cooling system that does not use a compressor with a reciprocating piston, US Pat. No. 4,434,625, US Pat. No. 5,365,749, US Pat. No. 6,687,122. And other solutions for cooling have been adopted, such as those proposed in the literature of US Patent Application No. 2005/0123418.

  The object of the present invention is to provide a small compressor, particularly for use in cooling electronic systems, which is of the type that uses the operating principle of a reciprocating compressor used in household coolers, but is small. It does not have the disadvantages of the prior art known to such compressors when designed to cool sized electronics.

  It is also an object of the present invention to provide a compressor as described above that does not require the use of a liquid lubricating fluid for components that are in relative motion.

  In addition to the above features, it is also an object of the present invention to provide a compressor that is compact in size, lightweight, and that can be easily assembled and replaced in a small electronic device.

  It is another object of the present invention to provide a compressor having the above-described reciprocating piston and having little possibility of vibration.

  It is a further object of the present invention to provide a compressor of the type described above having a compression mechanism that does not require a suspension system of the type known in the art.

  The above-described objects include a first tubular housing portion having a first end holding a motor cover and an open second end, a first end region and a compression opening at a second end of the first tubular housing portion. A second tubular housing portion having a second end region defining a chamber; a piston disposed within a compression chamber defined within the second tubular housing portion; an electric motor secured to the first tubular housing portion; A piston drive means for connecting the motor to the piston such that the motor drives the piston in a reciprocating motion within the compression chamber; and one end of the compression chamber seated against the second end region of the second tubular housing portion And a second tubular housing part for hermetically seating and holding the valve plate against the second end region of the second tubular housing part. An end cover that is fixed to the valve plate and that acts on the valve plate. The end cover is connected to the compression chamber and the compressor via the valve plate. This is accomplished by providing a small compressor for cooling some systems, such as electronic systems, that provide fluid communication with each of the two.

  The present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  The present invention is not exclusive, and in particular provides a compact compressor for cooling an electronic system, which generally includes a first tubular housing portion 10 and a second tubular, for example, which form a single piece body with respect to each other. Including a housing portion 20, which houses a piston 30 reciprocating within a compression chamber C defined within the second tubular housing portion 20, wherein the first tubular housing portion 10 is An electric motor 40 for driving the piston 30 is held during the suction and compression strokes of the refrigerant gas of the cooling system to which the small compressor of the invention is connected. The piston 30 is driven by the electric motor 40 via the driving means 50 connected to the components of the piston 30 as described above, and the electric motor drives the piston 30 by reciprocating motion inside the compression chamber C. The present invention provides a compressor in which the moving parts relative to each other eliminate the need for providing lubricating oil into the compressor as well as the oil sump and means for pumping the oil to the moving parts. Including.

  In the structural option of the present invention, the relatively moving compressor parts are made of a self-lubricating material such as, for example, some plastics. In other construction options of the invention, the relatively moving part is made of a non-friction material or is provided with a non-abrasive low friction coating.

  In the method of practicing the present invention, the piston 30 is made of a self-lubricating material such as, for example, a conventional material coated with some engineering plastic or non-abrasive low friction coating, for example, the interior of the piston 30 The compression chamber C in which can move can also receive an outer sleeve with the coating described above.

  In addition to reducing the friction between the relative moving parts, the selection of materials that form the elements of the compressor of the present invention takes into account the balancing issues in the compressor. Within this concept, the described compact compressor preferably has an element formed from a low mass density material to reduce the unbalanced load caused by the reciprocating motion of the piston 30. Because of its properties, the compressor made according to the present invention can be used in a high rotational range, for example, 3,000 to 15,000 rpm.

  The first tubular housing part 10 has a first end 11 that holds the motor cover 60 and a second end 12 that opens into the second tubular housing part 20, and a second end of the first tubular housing part 10. It has a first end region 21 that opens to the end 12 and a second end region 22 that defines a compression chamber C.

  In the illustrated embodiment, the second tubular housing portion 20 forms a cylinder in which the piston 30 is mounted between its suction and compression stroke. However, the second tubular housing part 20 is secured within the longitudinal extension of the second tubular housing part 20 and defines a compression chamber C therein as described above, eg holding a tubular sleeve of non-frictional material. It should be understood that other structures are possible.

  A valve plate 70 in which a suction orifice 71 and a discharge orifice 72 are formed and which is selectively closed by a respective suction valve 73 and a respective discharge valve 74 is in the second end region 22 of the second tubular housing part 20. It sits against and closes one end of the compression chamber C through which the piston 30 is mounted oppositely.

  The compressor of the present invention is secured to the second tubular housing portion 20 and secured to the valve plate 70 for hermetically seating and holding the valve plate 70 against the second end region 22 of the second tubular housing portion 20. It further includes an end cover 80 acting on the end cover 80 between the suction line 1 and the discharge line 2 of the cooling circuit (not shown) to which the compression chamber C and the compressor are connected. Fluid communication is provided within and via the valve plate 70.

  According to the invention, the fluid communication between the compression chamber C and the suction line 1 is established by a connecting means 81 in the form of a passage provided inside the end cover 80 and containing the adjacent end of the suction line 1. The Fluid communication between the compression chamber C and the discharge line 2 is established by a discharge chamber 82 provided inside the end cover 80 and in the compression chamber C supplied to the cooling system to which the compressor is connected. The compressed refrigerant gas is received via the discharge line 2.

  In accordance with the present invention, the end cover 80 is secured, for example, around at least a portion or the entire longitudinal extension of the second tubular housing portion 20 that surrounds the valve plate 70, which can be accomplished, for example, by gluing or mechanical Interference fit, for example, by moving the inner screw 83 provided on the end cover 80 to engage the outer screw 23 provided in the second end region 22 of the second tubular housing portion 20. Is done.

  Although the embodiment illustrated herein has fluid communication between the compression chamber C and the suction line 1 via the connecting means 81, the present invention may be as described in the end cover 80 or described below. It should be understood that this also applies to structures having fluid communication between the suction line 1 and the compression chamber C via a suction chamber provided in the cover inside the end cover.

  The supply of the cooling gas via the connecting means 81 takes place directly and sealed via the suction valve 73 inside the compression chamber C of the compression cylinder, and the inside of the cavity 20a defined in the second tubular housing part 20 Establish an operating pressure having an intermediate value between the suction pressure and the discharge pressure. This structure makes the pressure difference due to the piston 30 smaller, and hence the load on the bearing due to compression. In addition, this structure minimizes gas leakage into the cavity 20a via the gap between the piston 30 and the cylinder of the second tubular housing portion 20 and increases the energy generation of the compressor during stable operation, This allows the use of a gap between the piston 30 and the cylinder with a larger diameter difference than that used in other compressors.

  The discharge chamber 82 is designed to maximize the use of its internal volume to mitigate the pulsation of refrigerant gas generated by the operation of the compressor and separates the existing discharge volume from the suction line 1. In a construction option, this construction further provides fixation of the discharge valve system.

  1 to 5, the end cover 80 is made in a single piece and is provided with a connecting means 81 and a discharge chamber 82 therein. However, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 8, within the concept shown herein, the cylinder cover 90 is seated from the inside to the end cover 80 and against the valve plate 70 as described below, For example, other structures are possible in which the cylinder cover 90 is partially or wholly surrounded by the end cover 80. In this structure, the cylinder cover has connection means 91 for fluid communication between the compression chamber C and the suction line 1 inside, and a discharge chamber 92 that receives the gas compressed in the compression chamber C and the discharge line 2. Define.

  In this construction, in order to maintain the seating conditions of the cylinder cover 90 and valve plate 70 portion against the second end region 22 of the second tubular housing portion 20, the end cover 80 is pressed as shown in FIG. And welded to the second tubular housing part 20.

  The fixing of the end cover 80 to the second tubular housing part 20 increases the hermeticity of the compressor and further eliminates the flange part for mutual seating of the parts fixed together by bolts, rivets, etc. It becomes possible.

  According to the present invention, maintenance of the seal between the suction side and the discharge side established in the end cover 80 or the cylinder cover 90 is ensured by providing a sealing coupling 25 during operation. Alignment pins 26 are used to ensure the positioning of the parts that contain the enclosure of the second end 22 of the second tubular housing portion 20 and that form the compressor head. In order to adjust the minimum compression chamber and limit the undesired volume present in the compression chamber C, a sealing coupling 25 is added between the end portion 22 of the second tubular housing portion 20 and the suction valve 73. In the illustrated embodiment, the first tubular housing part 10 is formed perpendicular to the second tubular housing part 20, and the drive means 50 includes an eccentric end portion 52 and a first end projecting into the second tubular housing part 20. A crankshaft 51 having a base portion 53 protruding into the interior of the tubular housing portion 10 is included, and the electric motor 40 is fixed to the base portion 53 of the crankshaft 51.

  In the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 5, the motor is an inner element or rotor 41 that is rotationally moved and fixed directly to the base part 53 of the crankshaft 51, and is fixed to the first tubular housing part 10 and stretched. External element or stator 42. In this construction, the motor cover 60 is fixed to the first end 11 of the first part of the tubular housing part 10.

  7 and 8, the electric motor 40 is fixed to the base portion 53 of the crankshaft 51 by telescopic mounting of the motor shaft portion 40 a inside the base portion 53 of the crankshaft 51. In this structure, the motor cover 60 is fixed to the end portion of the electric motor 40, which is opposite to the fixing of the motor shaft 40 a to the crankshaft 51. In this construction, the first tubular housing portion 10 is a tubular sleeve mounted around the first end 11 to surround an adjacent end portion of the motor 40 and secure the motor to the first tubular housing portion 10. 15 is held.

  According to one method of practicing the present invention, the crankshaft 51 includes an eccentric end portion 52 and a base portion 53 in a single piece, extending at least the first tubular housing portion 10 along the mounting area of the motor 40. .

  According to another method of practicing the present invention, the crankshaft 51 is formed by two or more parts connected to each other, one of which is formed by an eccentric end portion 52 and the other base portion 53 is The eccentric end portion 52 is connected and fixed by an appropriate means such as an interference fit or an adhesive.

  4 and 5, the eccentric end portion 52 has a tubular free end that telescopically accommodates the adjacent end of the base portion 53 of the crankshaft 51.

  The driving means 50 further includes a connecting rod 55 that connects the piston 30 to the electric motor 40, and this connecting rod 55 is mounted on a small eyelet 55 a mounted inside the piston 30 and an eccentric end portion 52 of the crankshaft 51. A large eyelet 55b.

  In this structure, a small eyelet 55 a is mounted by a hole 32 provided thereon around a joint pin 31 disposed inside the piston 30, the joint pin 31 of the piston 30 being the diameter of the hole 32 of the piston 30. The gap is controlled to be pushed into the small eyelet 55a of the connecting rod 55. The self-lubricating feature of the piston 30 is used to reduce the friction between the articulation pin 31 and the hole 32 to prevent wear between these parts.

  In accordance with the present invention, the described small compressor includes a pair of rolling bearings 100 that are axially mounted within the first tubular housing portion 10 and spaced apart from each other to hold the crankshaft 51.

  Maintenance of the assembled state of the eccentric end portion 52 of the crankshaft 51 is obtained by simultaneously coaxially inserting the bearing unit 100, the crankshaft 51, and the electric motor 40 into the axis of the first tubular housing portion 10 and connecting rods. The positions of the connecting rod 55, the piston 30, and the joint pin 31 of the piston 30 assembly are held by the auxiliary rolling bearing 110 previously mounted on the 55 large eyelet 55 b.

  7 and 8, the crankshaft 51 has an eccentric end portion 52, which is supported by one of the rolling bearings 100, and this eccentric end portion of the crankshaft 51. The counterweight 56 is provided below the counterweight 52. In order to maintain the balance of the assembly of the crankshaft 51, another rolling bearing 100 of the pair of rolling bearings 100 is mounted around the tubular free end portion of the eccentric end portion 52, and the motor shaft 40a of the electric motor 40 is Coupled telescopically with adjacent ends, the motor 40 holds a motor cover 60 in each end 42 spaced from the motor shaft 40a.

  In order to facilitate the assembly of the piston 30, its driving means and the motor 40, the second tubular housing part 20 of the present invention has an end opening 24 formed in its first end region 21, preferably Is closed by an additional cover 26 welded to the first end portion 21 of the tubular portion 20.

  In accordance with the present invention, heat exchange fins 120 are provided outside of at least one of the first tubular housing portion 10 and the end cover 80 to allow cooling during operation of the compressor. In the illustrated embodiment, the parts of the first tubular housing part 10 and the second tubular housing part 20 are provided with heat exchange fins to transfer heat generated by the compression of the refrigerant fluid in the motor and the compression chamber C to the outside of the compressor. Makes it possible to discharge to

  In one method of practicing the present invention, the heat exchange fins 120 provided on the first tubular housing portion 10 are circumferential and the heat exchange fins 120 provided on the end cover 80 are longitudinal.

  The heat exchange fins 120 are formed by grooves 13, 27 that are dimensioned to be provided to the first and second tubular housing parts 10, 20, respectively, so as not to interfere with the circumferential dimensions of the housing parts.

1 shows a schematic front view of a compressor of the present invention. FIG. 2 shows a schematic top view of the compressor shown in FIG. 1. The schematic side view of the compressor shown in FIG. 1 is shown. FIG. 2 shows a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the compressor shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 5 shows a schematic exploded perspective view of the compressor shown in FIG. 4. Figure 2 shows a schematic enlarged longitudinal section of the top region of the cylinder with the piston in the middle of its compression stroke. Figure 2 shows a schematic front view of an alternative structure for the compressor shown in Figure 1; FIG. 8 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the compressor structure shown in FIG. 7.

Claims (25)

A first tubular housing portion (10) having a first end (11) holding a motor cover (60) and an open second end (12);
A second tubular housing having a first end region (21) that opens to a second end (12) of the first tubular housing portion (10) and a second end region (22) that defines a compression chamber (C). Part (20);
A piston (30) disposed within a compression chamber (C) defined in the second tubular housing portion (20);
An electric motor (40) secured to the first tubular housing part (10);
Piston driving means (50) for connecting the electric motor (40) to the piston (30) such that the electric motor (40) drives the piston (30) in a reciprocating motion inside the compression chamber (C);
A valve plate (70) seated against the second end region (22) of the second tubular housing part (20) and closing one end of the compression chamber (C);
The valve plate (70) is secured to the second tubular housing part (20) for hermetically seating and holding the valve plate against the second end region (22) of the second tubular housing part (20). An end cover (80) acting against the end cover (80), the end cover (80) being connected to the compression chamber (C) and the compressor via the valve plate (70). A small compressor, characterized in that it provides fluid communication between each of the line (1) and the discharge line (2).   2. Compression according to claim 1, characterized in that the end cover (80) is fixed around at least part of the longitudinal extension of the second tubular housing part (20) and surrounds the valve plate (70). Machine.   Compressor according to claim 2, characterized in that the end cover (80) is fixed by a mechanical interference fit around the second tubular housing part (20).   The end cover (80) is provided with an inner screw (83) that engages an outer screw (23) provided in the second tubular housing part (20). Compressor.   2. The fluid communication between the compression chamber (C) and the discharge line (2) is established by a discharge chamber (82) provided inside the end cover (80). Compressor.   Fluid communication between the compression chamber (C) and the suction line (1) is established by connecting means (81) formed inside the end cover (80) and accommodates the adjacent end of the suction line (1). The compressor according to claim 1, wherein:   A cylinder cover (90) is disposed between the valve plate (70) and the end cover (80), the end cover acting on the valve plate (70) through the cylinder cover (90). The compressor according to claim 1.   The compressor according to claim 7, characterized in that the cylinder cover (90) is surrounded by an end cover (80).   8. The fluid communication between the compression chamber (C) and the discharge line (2) is established by a discharge chamber (92) formed inside the cylinder cover (90). Compressor.   Fluid communication between the compression chamber (C) and the suction line (1) is established by means of connection (91) to the adjacent end of the suction line (1) formed inside the cylinder cover (90) The compressor according to claim 7, wherein:   The compression chamber (C) is laterally and circumferentially oriented by a tubular sleeve made of a non-frictional material secured within the second end region (22) of the second tubular housing part (20). The compressor according to claim 1, wherein   The compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that the piston is made of a self-lubricating material.   The compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that the second tubular housing part (20) is orthogonal to the first tubular housing part (10).   14. Compressor according to claim 13, characterized in that the drive means (50) comprises a connecting rod (55) connecting the piston (30) to the electric motor (40). A pair of rolling bearings (100) mounted axially spaced from each other within the first tubular housing portion;
An eccentric end portion (52) mounted on the pair of rolling bearings (100) and projecting into the second tubular housing portion (20) and connected to the connecting rod (55), and the inside of the first tubular housing portion (10) And a crankshaft (51) having a base portion (53) projecting from the motor, the electric motor (40) being fixed to the base portion (53) of the crankshaft (51) by a first tubular housing portion (10). The compressor according to claim 14, wherein   The compressor according to claim 15, characterized in that the crankshaft (51) comprises a counterweight provided in the region of the eccentric end portion (52) of the crankshaft (51).   Compressor according to claim 16, characterized in that the eccentric end part (52) and the base part (53) of the crankshaft (51) are made from separate parts fixed to each other.   18. Eccentric end portion (52) of a crankshaft (51) is telescopically mounted and secured to an adjacent end of the shaft base portion (53). Compressor.   The first tubular housing part (10) is stretched to fix the stator (42) of the electric motor (40) along its length, and the crankshaft (51) is the length of the first tubular housing part (10). The compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that it extends along the whole and holds the rotor (41) of the electric motor (40).   Compressor according to claim 19, characterized in that the motor cover (60) is fixed to the first end (11) of the first tubular housing part (10).   Compressor according to claim 19, characterized in that at least one of the parts of the first tubular housing part (10) and the end cover (80) is provided with external heat exchange fins (120).   The compressor according to claim 21, characterized in that the heat exchange fins (120) provided in the first tubular housing part (10) are circumferential.   23. Compressor according to claim 22, characterized in that the heat exchange fins (120) provided in the end cover (80) are longitudinal.   2. The second tubular housing part (20) according to claim 1, characterized in that it has an end opening (24) provided at its first end and closed by an additional cover (26). Compressor.   An electric motor (40) is mounted on the first end (11) of the first tubular housing part (10) and holds a motor cover (60) at each end spaced therefrom. Item 15. The compressor according to Item 15.

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