JP2009518334A - ポリビニルアルコール−ポリエチレングリコールグラフト共重合体を含有する泡状ウェハ - Google Patents
ポリビニルアルコール−ポリエチレングリコールグラフト共重合体を含有する泡状ウェハ Download PDFInfo
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- JP2009518334A JP2009518334A JP2008543709A JP2008543709A JP2009518334A JP 2009518334 A JP2009518334 A JP 2009518334A JP 2008543709 A JP2008543709 A JP 2008543709A JP 2008543709 A JP2008543709 A JP 2008543709A JP 2009518334 A JP2009518334 A JP 2009518334A
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- dosage form
- gas
- active substance
- polyvinyl alcohol
- polyethylene glycol
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- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
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Abstract
Description
Kollicoat(登録商標) IRは、水溶性ポリマーであり、錠剤用被覆剤またはスプレーおよび経皮治療システムにおけるフィルム形成剤として使用することができる。
空間または空洞の割合は、投薬形態の総容量に対して5〜98%、好ましくは50〜80%である。
特に好ましい活性物質は、ニコチンである。ニコチンは本明細書中において、その遊離塩基形態のみならず、1または2以上のその薬学的に許容し得る塩の形態として使用され得る。ニコチンの薬学的に許容し得る塩は、例えば、ニコチン酒石酸塩、ニコチン塩酸塩、ニコチン二塩酸塩、ニコチン硫酸塩、ニコチン塩化亜鉛複塩およびニコチンサリチル酸塩である。同様に、ニコチンポラクリリン(polacrilin)は、有望なニコチン源である。
活性物質としておよび/または補助物質として好適なさらなる物質は、二酸化チタン、二酸化ケイ素などの研磨剤、研削剤(磨耗剤);フッ化ナトリウム、第二リン酸カルシウム;アニス油、フェンネルシード油、ユーカリ油、ペパーミント油、スペアミント油、オレンジ油、サルビア油、タイム油、レモン油などの精油;ショウノウ、シネオール、オイカリプトール、メントール、ピネン、桂皮アルデヒド、桂皮酸などのフレーバー剤;ハチミツ、クエン酸、ビタミン類、抗酸化剤、ソルバイトである。
固化した泡の形態のシート状投薬形態の既知の製造方法は、発泡させる前に水中に部分的にけん化されたポリビニルアルコールを溶解するための処理温度が通常80〜90℃であり、この温度で部分的にけん化されたポリビニルアルコールを2〜3時間攪拌することにより溶解しなければならないことから、時間およびエネルギーを消費する。得られる溶液を発泡させる前に、長時間の冷却時間を守ることにより、または積極的冷却により、冷却しなければならない。
製造の特に好ましい方法において、まず、ポリビニルアルコール−ポリエチレングリコールグラフト共重合体ならびに少なくとも1種の活性物質を含有する溶液または分散体を調製する。この溶液はまた、濃縮溶液または粘性のある塊であってもよく、続いてガスまたはガス混合物(例えば空気)の導入により発泡させる。これは、分散装置または発泡機により行うことができるが、他の方法、例えば超音波により行うこともできる。好適なガスは特に、窒素、二酸化炭素またはヘリウムなどの不活性のガス、あるいは不活性のガスの混合物である。
こうして得られる活性物質含有投薬形態は、本発明の特性および利点を表し、これは、それらが経口適用後、口の粘膜に嫌な感覚を生じさせることなく迅速に崩壊することを意味する。
すべてのフルーツ酸は、ニコチン塩を形成するのに好適であるが、クエン酸またはジカルボン酸、特にマレイン酸、コハク酸、フマル酸および酒石酸が好んで使用される。しかしながら、好適なフルーツ酸の混合物もまた、使用してもよい。
さらに、発泡はまた、事前に溶解したガスを膨張させることにより引き起こしてもよい。
代わりに、本発明の投薬形態を製造するために、マトリックスポリマーまたはポリマー混合物のメルトから開始してもよい。処理は原則として、先行技術から知られているホットメルト被覆化合物のものと似ている。
本発明による投薬形態の製造
本発明の投薬形態を製造するために、Kollicoat(登録商標) IRを水中に溶解し(30分間、攪拌しながら、室温で)、残りの添加剤を添加した。発泡機を使って、空気を組成物に導入し、組成物を続いて支持体に適用し、80℃で乾燥した。
Claims (18)
- 空間または空洞を含有する固化した泡の形態のポリマーマトリックス、ならびに少なくとも1種の医薬用または化粧品用活性物質を含む、身体開口部または体腔内に少なくとも1種の活性物質を放出するための水性媒体中に溶解または崩壊するシート状投薬形態であり、マトリックスのポリマーは、ポリビニルアルコール−ポリエチレングリコールグラフト共重合体であることを特徴とする、前記シート状投薬形態。
- ポリビニルアルコール−ポリエチレングリコールグラフト共重合体が、75%のポリビニルアルコール単位および25%のポリエチレングリコール単位からなることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の投薬形態。
- マトリックス中の空間または空洞が、互いに孤立して、好ましくは気泡の形態で存在していることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の投薬形態。
- マトリックス中の空間または空洞が、互いにつながっており、好ましくはマトリックス中に入り込むチャンネルシステムを形成していることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の投薬形態。
- 空間または空洞が、空気でまたはガスで、好ましくは不活性のガスで、より好ましくは窒素、二酸化炭素、ヘリウム、これらのガスの混合物またはこれらのガスの2種の混合物で充填されていることを特徴とする、請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の投薬形態。
- 空間または空洞が、液体または液体混合物で充填されており、該1種または2種以上の液体がマトリックス材料とは非混和性であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の投薬形態。
- 液体または液体混合物が、1または2以上の活性物質を含有することを特徴とする、請求項6に記載の投薬形態。
- 空間または空洞の容量パーセントが、投薬形態の総容量に対して5〜98%、好ましくは50〜80%であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の投薬形態。
- 投薬形態の表面が、不均一にまたは不規則に、好ましくは波状またはレリーフ状に成形されていることを特徴とする、請求項1〜8のいずれかに記載の投薬形態。
- 好ましくはウェハとして設計され、投薬形態の厚さが好ましくは50μmおよび5mmの間、特に好ましくは0.5および1mmの間であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜9のいずれかに記載の投薬形態。
- 前記マトリックスおよび/または前記空間または空洞が、補助物質または添加剤、好ましくは界面活性剤および/またはガス生成物質を含有することを特徴とする、請求項1〜10のいずれかに記載の投薬形態。
- 請求項1〜11のいずれかに記載のシート状投薬形態の製造方法であり、
− 少なくとも1種のポリビニルアルコール−ポリエチレングリコールグラフト共重合体および少なくとも1種の活性物質を含有する溶液を調製すること、
− 必要に応じて事前に泡安定化剤を添加後、ガスまたはガス混合物の導入、またはガスの化学的生成、または溶解されたガスの膨張により、溶液を発泡させること、
− 発泡させた溶液を被覆支持体の上に広げること、および
− 溶媒を乾燥させ、除去することにより、被覆溶液を固化させること、
を特徴とする、前記方法。 - 請求項1〜11のいずれかに記載のシート状投薬形態の製造方法であり、
a)少なくとも1種のポリビニルアルコール−ポリエチレングリコールグラフト共重合体および少なくとも1種の活性物質を含有する溶液を調製すること、
b)該溶液の調製に用いた溶媒とは非混和性の疎水性溶媒を添加し、細かく分散された小滴の形態の疎水性溶媒を含有するエマルジョンを調製すること、
c)エマルジョンを被覆支持体の上に広げること、および
d)溶媒を乾燥させ、除去することにより、被覆エマルジョンを固化させること、
を特徴とする、前記方法。 - 請求項1〜11のいずれかに記載のシート状投薬形態の製造方法であり、
a)少なくとも1種のポリビニルアルコール−ポリエチレングリコールグラフト共重合体および少なくとも1種の活性物質を含有する溶液を調製すること、
b)ガスを発生させることができる補助物質または補助物質の組合せを添加すること、
c)溶液を被覆支持体の上に広げること、および
d)溶媒を乾燥させ、除去することにより、被覆溶液を固化させること、
を特徴とする、前記方法。 - 請求項1〜11のいずれかに記載のシート状投薬形態の製造方法であり、
a)少なくとも1種のポリビニルアルコール−ポリエチレングリコールグラフト共重合体ならびに少なくとも1種の活性物質を含有するポリマー含有メルト(ホットメルト)を調製すること、
b)必要に応じて事前に泡安定化剤を添加後、ガスまたはガス混合物の導入、またはガスの化学的生成、または溶解されたガスを膨張させることにより、メルトを発泡させること
c)メルトを被覆支持体の上に広げること、および
d)冷却後、フィルムを固化させること、
を特徴とする、前記方法。 - ステップc)およびd)が以下のステップe)およびf):
e)溶液、エマルジョンまたは分散体から、またはメルトから始まるブロックの形態のポリマーマトリックスを調製すること、
f)シート状の形を得るために、固化したブロックをカッティングすること、
により置換または変更されていることを特徴とする、請求項12〜15のいずれかに記載の方法。 - 口腔内への医薬用活性物質または化粧品用活性物質の投与のための、請求項1〜11のいずれかに記載の投薬形態または請求項12〜16のいずれかに記載の方法による製品の使用。
- 医薬用活性物質のヒトまたは動物への直腸、膣または鼻腔内投与のための、請求項1〜11のいずれかに記載の投薬形態または請求項12〜16のいずれかに記載の方法による製品の使用。
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