JP2009512142A - 燃料電池用燃料カートリッジ - Google Patents
燃料電池用燃料カートリッジ Download PDFInfo
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- JP2009512142A JP2009512142A JP2008534668A JP2008534668A JP2009512142A JP 2009512142 A JP2009512142 A JP 2009512142A JP 2008534668 A JP2008534668 A JP 2008534668A JP 2008534668 A JP2008534668 A JP 2008534668A JP 2009512142 A JP2009512142 A JP 2009512142A
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- JP
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- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- gas
- cartridge
- container
- supply
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 355
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 76
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052743 krypton Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N krypton atom Chemical compound [Kr] DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N neon atom Chemical compound [Ne] GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052704 radon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- SYUHGPGVQRZVTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N radon atom Chemical compound [Rn] SYUHGPGVQRZVTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 51
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 13
- -1 methanol (CH 3 OH) Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 7
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 6
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000544 Gore-Tex Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940021013 electrolyte solution Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000004681 metal hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000036647 reaction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;prop-1-ene Chemical group C=C.CC=C HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000557 Nafion® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930182556 Polyacetal Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002222 fluorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003574 free electron Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012982 microporous membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005325 percolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005548 perfluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002047 photoemission electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CFQCIHVMOFOCGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru].[Pt] CFQCIHVMOFOCGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001483 poly(ethyl methacrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005597 polymer membrane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000131 polyvinylidene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920006298 saran Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- NVIFVTYDZMXWGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium metaborate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]B=O NVIFVTYDZMXWGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007779 soft material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AHJWSRRHTXRLAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethoxymethane Chemical compound COC(OC)(OC)OC AHJWSRRHTXRLAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D19/00—Degasification of liquids
- B01D19/0005—Degasification of liquids with one or more auxiliary substances
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
- H01M8/04208—Cartridges, cryogenic media or cryogenic reservoirs
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
- F17C2203/0604—Liners
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/068—Special properties of materials for vessel walls
- F17C2203/0685—Special properties of materials for vessel walls flexible
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
- F17C2260/02—Improving properties related to fluid or fluid transfer
- F17C2260/021—Avoiding over pressurising
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/07—Applications for household use
- F17C2270/0763—Fuel cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1009—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes with one of the reactants being liquid, solid or liquid-charged
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
- Y10T137/8593—Systems
- Y10T137/85954—Closed circulating system
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
燃料電池に結合可能で変形可能な内側燃料コンテナ(14)を具備する燃料カートリッジ(10)が開示される。内側燃料コンテナ内の圧力が制御される。
【代表図】 図1
Description
アノードでの半反応:
CH3OH + H2O → CO2 + 6H+ + 6e−
カソードでの半反応:
1.5O2 + 6H+ + 6e− → 3H2O
全体の燃料電池反応:
CH3OH + 1.5O2 → CO2 + 2H2O
アノードでの半反応:
BH4 − + 8OH− → BO2 − + 6H2O + 8e−
カソードでの半反応:
2O2 + 4H2O + 8e− → 8OH−
NaBH4+2H2O→(加熱または触媒)→4(H2)+(NaBO2)
アノードでの半反応:
H2→2H++2e−
カソードでの半反応:
2(2H++2e−)+O2→2H2O
添付の図面に示され以下に詳細に検討するように、この発明は燃料サプライに向けられており、この燃料サプライは燃料電池燃料、例えば、メタノールおよび水、メタノール/水の混合物、メタノール/水の種々の濃度の混合物、純粋なメタノールを貯蔵する。メタノールは多くの種類の燃料電池、例えば、DMFC、酵素燃料電池、および改質燃料電池、その他において使用可能である。燃料サプライは他の種類の燃料電池燃料、例えば、エタノールまたはアルコール、金属水素化物、例えば、水素化ホウ素ナトリウム、水素へと改質可能な他の化学物質、または燃料電池の改質または効率を改善する他の化学物質を含んでよい。燃料は、また、水酸化カリウム(KOH)電解質を含み、これは金属燃料電池またはアルカリ燃料電池とともに使用でき、燃料サプライに貯蔵可能である。金属燃料電池に対しては、燃料は、KOH電解質反応溶液中に浸漬された流体担持亜鉛粒子の形態であり、電池キャビティ内のアノードは亜鉛粒子から生成された粒子アノードである。KOH電解質溶液は、2003年4月24日に発行された「1またはそれ以上の負荷に電力を供給するよう構成された燃料電池システムの使用方法」と題された米国特許出願公開第2003/007493号に開示されており、その内容は参照してここに組み入れる。燃料は、また、メタノール、過酸化水素、および硫酸の混合物を含み、これはシリコンチップ状に形成された触媒を通過して流れ燃料電池反応を生成する。燃料は、また、メタノール、水素化ホウ素ナトリウム、電解質、および他の化合物、例えば、米国特許第6,554,877号、同第6,562,497号、および同第6,758,871号に説明されているもののブレンドまたは混合物を含み、これらは参照してその内容をここに組みこむ。燃料は、また、米国特許第6,773,470号に説明されている、溶媒中に部分的に溶解し、部分的に懸濁するもの、ならびに、米国特許出願公開第2002/076602号に説明されている、液体燃料および固体燃料の双方を含むものを含む。これらは参照してその内容をここに組みこむ。燃料は水素も含む。
Ptotal-27 = Pmethanol-27 + Pair-27
Ptotal-20 = Pinertgas-20 + Pair-20
Ptotal-27 〜 Ptotal-20
Pmethanol-27 + Pair-27 〜 Pinert gas-20 + Pair-20
(1)「燃料電池用の空気取り入れ用フィルタアッセンブリおよびシステム」というタイトルのStenersen等への米国特許第6,797,027号において検討された燃料電池用の空気取り入れ用フィルタアッセンブリおよびシステムのためのシーリングシステム。この特許文献は参照してここに組み入れる。
(2)「インクジェットプリンタ用のインク源レギュレータ」というタイトルのAnderson,Jr.等への米国特許第6,796,644号に置いて検討されたインク入口用のシール。この特許文献は参照してここに組み入れる。
(3)「迅速な連結を伴う流体遮断バルブカートリッジ」というタイトルのKelly等への米国特許第6,802,491号において検討されたシール手段。この特許文献は参照してここに組み入れる。
12 外側ケーシング
14 内側燃料コンテナ
18 遮断バルブ
20 スペース
24 逃がしバルブ
27 スペース
28 燃料
Claims (34)
- 燃料電池に結合可能な燃料サプライであって、
外側ケーシングと、
上記燃料電池用の燃料を内包する内側燃料コンテナとを有し、
上記外側ケーシングおよび上記内側燃料コンテナの間のスペースがガスで充填されて上記内側燃料コンテナの圧力を制御し、かつ、上記ガスはヘリウム、ネオン、アルゴン、クリプトン、キセノン、ラドン、窒素、および二酸化炭素からなるグループから選択された要素であり、しかも、上記ガスが環境から上記内側燃料コンテナまでの空気の勾配を分断する燃料サプライ。 - 上記ガスは加圧されている請求項1記載の燃料サプライ。
- さらに、上記外側ケーシングおよび上記内側燃料コンテナの間の上記スペースの中のガスの量を調整する逆止バルブを上記外側ケーシングの表面に有する請求項1記載の燃料サプライ。
- 上記逆止バルブを覆う除去可能なシールをさらに有する請求項3記載の燃料サプライ。
- 上記燃料サプライは外側パッケージングでシールされる請求項1記載の燃料サプライ。
- 上記外側パッケージングおよび上記燃料サプライの間のスペースがガスで充填され、上記ガスはヘリウム、ネオン、アルゴン、クリプトン、キセノン、ラドン、窒素、および二酸化炭素からなるグループから選択された要素である請求項5記載の燃料サプライ。
- 上記外側パッケージングおよび上記燃料サプライの間の上記スペースが真空引きされる請求項5記載の燃料サプライ。
- 上記外側ケーシングは堅固である請求項1記載の燃料サプライ。
- 上記内側燃料コンテナは変形可能である請求項1記載の燃料サプライ。
- (i)上記燃料サプライ用の燃料を供給するステップと、
(ii)上記燃料を抜気して溶解ガスを除去するステップとを有する燃料サプライを充填する方法。 - (iii)上記燃料サプライを上記抜気した燃料で充填するステップをさらに有する請求項10記載の方法。
- (iii)上記抜気した燃料を上記燃料サプライに返すステップをさらに有する請求項10記載の方法。
- 上記ステップ(ii)は上記燃料を不活性ガスに接触させるステップを有する請求項10記載の方法。
- 上記ステップ(ii)の後に上記燃料から不活性ガスを除去するステップ(iv)を有する請求項13記載の方法。
- 上記ステップ(ii)は不活性ガスを上記燃料を通じて浸透させるステップを有する請求項10記載の方法。
- 上記ステップ(iv)は上記燃料から上記ガスを真空引きするステップを有する請求項14記載の方法。
- 上記ステップ(ii)は、上記燃料が渦発生器を通過するようにするステップ請求項14記載の方法。
- 上記ステップ(ii)は上記燃料を濾過するステップを有する請求項10記載の方法。
- 燃料電池に結合可能な燃料カートリッジであって、
外側ケーシングと、
上記外側ケーシングの内部に配された内側燃料コンテナであって、上記燃料電池用の燃料を内包するものと、
燃料を上記燃料電池に搬送する燃料出口と、
上記内側燃料コンテナの表面に配されて、上記内側燃料コンテナの内部から上記内側燃料コンテナの外部の点に更けて蒸気を排出するガス排出部材とを有する燃料カートリッジ。 - 上記ガス排出部材は逆止バルブを有する請求項19記載の燃料カートリッジ。
- 膜が上記逆止バルブの開口を被覆する請求項20記載の燃料カートリッジ。
- 上記膜は気体透過性、液体非透過性である請求項21記載の燃料カートリッジ。
- 上記ガス排出部材は気体透過性、液体非透過性の膜を有する請求項20記載の燃料カートリッジ。
- 上記蒸気は蒸気環境中へ排出される請求項19記載の燃料カートリッジ。
- 蒸気内側燃料コンテナは変形可能である請求項19記載の燃料カートリッジ。
- 燃料電池に結合可能な燃料カートリッジであって、
外側ケーシングと、
上記外側ケーシングの内部に配された内側燃料コンテナであって、上記燃料電池用の液体燃料を内包するものと、
燃料を上記燃料電池に搬送する燃料出口と、
蒸気燃料出口と燃料電池ポンプとの間に配されて、蒸気を上記液体燃料から分離する分離器とを有する燃料カートリッジ。 - 上記分離器は上記燃料バルブと上記燃料電池ポンプとを結合するコネクタ内に配された膜を有する請求項26記載の燃料カートリッジ。
- 上記分離器は、
主ベッセルであって、頂部、底部、および内部空洞を有するものと、
上記主ベッセルに流体的に結合された取入パイプと、
上記内部空洞に配された渦発生器と、
上記頂部の近くで上記主ベッセルと流体的に結合された蒸気出口パイプと、
上記底部の近くで上記主ベッセルと流体的に結合された液体燃料ドレンとを有する請求項26記載の燃料カートリッジ。 - 上記蒸気は上記雰囲気中へ排出される請求項26記載の燃料カートリッジ。
- 上記蒸気は上記燃料電池の混合室に搬送される請求項26記載の燃料カートリッジ。
- 上記蒸気は上記燃料電池のアノードループに搬送される請求項26記載の燃料カートリッジ。
- 上記蒸気は触媒性バーナに搬送される請求項26記載の燃料カートリッジ。
- 上記蒸気は上記濃縮器に搬送され、上記濃縮器が上記蒸気を液体燃料へと再液体化する請求項26記載の燃料カートリッジ。
- 蒸気分離器は渦発生器を有する請求項26記載の燃料カートリッジ。
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US11/243,767 US8408246B2 (en) | 2005-10-05 | 2005-10-05 | Fuel cartridge for fuel cells |
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- 2006-10-04 CN CN2006800458579A patent/CN101326664B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-10-04 JP JP2008534668A patent/JP2009512142A/ja active Pending
- 2006-10-04 EP EP06816255A patent/EP1932201B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2006-10-04 WO PCT/US2006/038850 patent/WO2007044425A2/en active Application Filing
- 2006-10-04 BR BRPI0617156-7A patent/BRPI0617156A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-10-04 RU RU2008115151/09A patent/RU2008115151A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2006-10-04 AU AU2006302508A patent/AU2006302508A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-10-04 ES ES06816255T patent/ES2393405T3/es active Active
- 2006-10-04 KR KR1020087008151A patent/KR20080050603A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2006-10-04 EP EP20120155754 patent/EP2456001A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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2008
- 2008-04-01 ZA ZA2008/02864A patent/ZA200802864B/en unknown
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2456001A1 (en) | 2012-05-23 |
ZA200802864B (en) | 2012-09-26 |
RU2008115151A (ru) | 2009-11-10 |
EP1932201B1 (en) | 2012-10-03 |
KR20080050603A (ko) | 2008-06-09 |
US8408246B2 (en) | 2013-04-02 |
WO2007044425B1 (en) | 2007-12-27 |
EP1932201A2 (en) | 2008-06-18 |
EP1932201A4 (en) | 2009-11-04 |
US20070077470A1 (en) | 2007-04-05 |
WO2007044425A3 (en) | 2007-11-08 |
AU2006302508A1 (en) | 2007-04-19 |
ES2393405T3 (es) | 2012-12-21 |
CN101326664B (zh) | 2012-05-30 |
BRPI0617156A2 (pt) | 2013-01-01 |
CN101326664A (zh) | 2008-12-17 |
CA2624116A1 (en) | 2007-04-19 |
WO2007044425A2 (en) | 2007-04-19 |
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