JP2009297831A - Tool for 3d abrasive jet processing - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a tool and a method for 3D abrasive jet processing, capable of executing 3D abrasive jet processing inexpensively and efficiently. <P>SOLUTION: A catcher 6(b) disposed around a side wall portion of the tool body 3 is constituted by storing a spherical member 5 located higher than a lowest position of a workpiece 7 therein. Accordingly, an abrasive jet 18 can be dampened by the spherical member 5 located higher than the lowest position of the workpiece 7 in the catcher 6(b). Thus, the abrasive jet 18 can be jetted through a slit 8(b) formed corresponding to a processing locus L2 in processing a side portion of the workpiece 7 and the side portion of the workpiece 7 higher than the lowest position can be processed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a so-called water jet cutting technique in which various materials are cut using an ultra-high pressure water jet, and more particularly, to an abrasive jet processing jig for holding and positioning a workpiece when performing abrasive cutting of a three-dimensional shape. Is.

In recent years, the shape of products has become complicated due to three-dimensional design, etc., and the need for three-dimensional shape cutting has increased in the processing of CFRP, glass, metal, resin, etc., and the attitude of the nozzle can be controlled to meet these needs A five-axis cutting device has been developed.

Among the five-axis cutting devices, those with an AC axis configuration (hereinafter referred to as “AC-axis type five-axis cutting device”) are cutting devices suitable for three-dimensional shape processing, and rotate greatly with respect to the X axis in the XYZ space. This is a 5-axis cutting device that has an A axis that can be rotated and a C axis that rotates 360 ° with respect to the Z axis, and that can control the posture of the nozzle by rotating the A axis and the C axis. The nozzle tilt amount is adjusted by rotating the A axis, and the nozzle tilt direction is adjusted by rotating the C axis. Then, by controlling these X, Y, Z, A, and C axes simultaneously, the position of the machining point is determined and cutting is performed.
With the AC axis type 5-axis cutting device , the angle of inclination of the A-axis nozzle can be set to ± 90 ° at the maximum, enabling large-angle groove processing, and complicated by combining with 3D CAD / CAM. It is possible to easily process a three-dimensional shape.

  By the way, according to the so-called abrasive jet processing method in which abrasive grains, sand, etc., which are abrasives, are mixed and injected into water, the abrasive jet collides with the work piece as a high-speed water flow, and the work piece at the collision site And the remaining energy is jetted as a jet stream below the work piece. In order to effectively perform the cutting process, it is necessary that the abrasive jet has a certain amount of energy even after cutting the workpiece, penetrates the workpiece sharply, and is jetted below the workpiece.

However, if the abrasive jet penetrating the workpiece is not promptly discharged, problems such as excessive wetting of the workpiece due to excess water and roughening of the cut surface and back surface occur.
Therefore, in order to solve this problem, the present applicant, in Patent Document 1, quickly attenuates and discharges the abrasive jet that supports the workpiece and penetrates the workpiece, and surplus water of the abrasive jet is obtained. As a mechanism that effectively suppresses spraying, it is large so that the processing surface of the workpiece is perpendicular to the abrasive jet on the support member that is arranged so that excess water of the abrasive jet sprayed downward from the nozzle can be transmitted. A catcher for an abrasive jet cutting device is disclosed which is arranged with a plurality of spherical members of uniform thickness and aligned adjacent to each other.
Japanese Patent No. 2646001

When processing three-dimensional object in the conventional abrasive jet, a cylindrical catcher for abrasive cutting coupled with C-arm to work with the nozzle, moving the nozzle 3 dimensionally, cylindrical catcher conjunction with the rotating Then, arbitrary cutting was performed so as to move.

However, the abrasive jet in abrasive jet machining is jetted from top to bottom, from inside to outside, or from outside to inside, and in that case, there is a processing jig for holding and fixing the workpiece in the place where the cylindrical catcher exists. Inevitably intervene. Thus in conventional methods of connecting a cylindrical catcher by the arm to work with nozzles, although it is trimmed a periphery cutting of the workpiece, cylindrical catcher when continuously to perform punching holes machining of the workpiece Also, the arm and the processing jig interfere with each other in position, so that it is impossible to continuously perform the outer periphery processing and punching of the workpiece using a robot, and in this respect, there is a problem in terms of production efficiency and cost. Was produced.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems in the prior art, and provides an abrasive jet machining jig and an abrasive jet machining method capable of performing three-dimensional abrasive jet machining at low cost and efficiently. With the goal.

  The abrasive jet machining jig according to the present invention is the above-described catcher for an abrasive jet machining, in which a catcher is attached to a jig main body having a workpiece placement portion, and a plurality of spherical members are housed in a holding member of the catcher. It is characterized in that at least a part of the spherical member housed in the holding member is positioned above the lowest position of the workpiece.

The catcher may be provided with a jig protection plate, and the catcher may be provided with an opening / closing window.
Furthermore, a cleaning pipe can be provided on the catcher. The jig body can be provided with a slit at a position corresponding to the cutting line of the workpiece.

  Furthermore, the abrasive jet machining method of the present invention includes at least a step of providing a slit in a position corresponding to a cutting line of a workpiece in a jig body provided with a workpiece arrangement portion, and a catcher that houses a plurality of spherical members in a holding member. A step of attaching to the jig main body so that a part of the spherical member is positioned above the lowermost position of the work, and a cutting process at a position higher than the lowermost position of the work arranged in the placement portion of the work And performing the process.

  The ultra-high pressure water jetted from the nozzle first collides with the workpiece, and the workpiece is locally broken at the collision site, and the fracture is continuously performed to perform cutting. The abrasive jet which cut | disconnected the workpiece | work has surplus energy, and it ejects as a surplus jet on the back surface of a workpiece | work. The surplus jet is attenuated by changing the traveling direction by a plurality of spherical members housed adjacent to each other on the back surface of the work, and falls down through the spherical members to be discharged into the air. As described above, the abrasive jet is diffused and attenuated, and the contained water and abrasives pass through the holding member and fall below the jig body and are expelled conveniently. In addition, the abrasive staying between the spherical members can be washed away by the cleaning pipe.

As described above, a spherical member is placed behind the surface on which the workpiece is placed, and the jet is diffused and attenuated. In addition, a protective plate that can be replaced as a consumable is provided in the area where the jet hits directly. To prevent damage. As a result, the spherical member is filled only in a necessary portion, and in order to hold the spherical member, a holding member made of a holding plate through which water, abrasives, and air contained in the jet pass is provided like a punching metal.
The jig body is previously provided with a slit at a position corresponding to the cutting line of the workpiece. In addition, this slit can also be provided by the cutting | disconnection by an abrasive jet process.

  According to the abrasive jet machining jig and the abrasive jet machining method of the present invention, not only two-dimensional cutting but also three-dimensional (three-dimensional) abrasive jet machining can be performed efficiently at low cost.

A three-dimensional abrasive jet processing jig according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway sectional perspective view showing a three-dimensional abrasive jet machining jig according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIGS. 2 and 3 are three-dimensional embodiments according to the embodiment shown in FIG. It is a partial notch cross-sectional perspective view which shows the usage condition of the jig | tool for an abrasive jet process.
In FIG. 1, a three-dimensional abrasive jet processing jig 1 includes a catcher 6 in which a spherical member 5 is housed in a holding member 4 that is locked or fixed to a jig main body 3 including a workpiece placement portion 2. The jig body 3 is provided with a discharge port (not shown) for drainage, and further, an exhaust means (not shown) for discharging the mist spray is provided as necessary.
The jig body 3 provided with the workpiece placement portion can be made into a welded structure using a steel material such as an iron plate or stainless steel plate that can be welded. In addition, the material and joining structure are suitably changed with the magnitude | size and shape of the workpiece | work 7 shown to FIG. 2, FIG.

The shape of the work placement portion 2 formed by the inner wall 3a of the jig main body 3 and the shape of the work 7 are made to be compatible with each other. The workpiece 7 can be arranged so as not to move in the workpiece placement section 2.
A slit 8 is formed in the inner wall 3 a forming the workpiece placement portion 2 of the jig body 3 along a required machining locus for the workpiece 7. By forming the slit 8 and the portion of the inner wall 3a that forms the workpiece placement portion 2 that is in contact with the workpiece 7 by sheet metal processing or the like, it is possible to easily make the shape suitable for the outer shape of the workpiece 7.

A large number of hole portions 10 for arranging the workpiece 7 using the fixture 9 are provided on the inner wall 3 a forming the workpiece arrangement portion 2 of the jig body 3. The fixture 9 for the workpiece 7 is fixed to the jig body 3, and the workpiece 7 is fixed to the jig body 3 by the fixture 9 by reducing the pressure via the vacuum tube 11 by a vacuum pump (not shown). Alternatively, the inside of the jig body 3 may be vacuumed to suck out jet mist, and the workpiece 7 may be sucked using the slit 8 of the jig body 3. It is preferable that the distance between the end of the fixture 9 fixed to the jig body 3 and the workpiece 7 in contact with the workpiece 7 can be adjusted.
By configuring the jig body 3 with punching metal as shown in the figure, in particular, not only in the region corresponding to the position of the fixture 9 but also in the entire workpiece placement portion 2, the hole 10 exists. The flexibility of the arrangement position of the fixture 9 can be improved.
Note that the means for fixing the work 7 to the jig body 3 can be any appropriate means depending on the embodiment.

  The holding member 4 is fixed to the jig body 3 by welding or screws. Further, since the material needs to hold the spherical member 5 and to allow the jetted abrasive jet 18 to pass through, a punching metal or a strong net is used.

The holding member 4 has a sufficient size to sufficiently cover the slit 8 so that it can be guided to the inside of the holding member 4 even when the abrasive jet 18 diffuses or flows due to resistance at the time of cutting.
The holding member 4 does not normally need to be movable, but it is also possible to adopt a configuration in which the holding member 4 is movable so that it can be moved to the changed cutting portion when the cutting portion of the workpiece 7 is frequently changed.
Since the spherical member 5 received in the holding member 4 and receiving the abrasive jet 18 is worn out by use, it needs to be replaced or replenished. Therefore, the holding member 4 has an openable / closable window 12 at a position indicated by a wavy line in the drawing so that the replacement can be easily performed.

It is desirable that the jig protection plate 13 is fixed to the jig body 3 and can be replaced as necessary. Therefore, the jig protection plate 13 may be accommodated by providing the jig body 3 with screws, bolts, or mounting grooves. In particular, when replacement is not planned, it can be fixed by welding.
The jig protection plate 13 functions to receive the remaining force of the abrasive jet 18 when the spherical member 5 cannot receive the abrasive jet 18. Accordingly, as the material of the jig protection plate 13, hardened steel, ceramic, etc. having high wear resistance are suitable, but a thick steel plate may be used.

  The size of the jig protection plate 13 is also determined by covering the side surface region of the jig body 3 that is slightly larger than the planned arrival position and region of the abrasive jet 18, so that the abrasive jet 18 diffuses to some extent, Even if it flows with resistance, it can be received.

The spherical member 5 is stacked and stored in the holding member 4. The material and size of each spherical member 5 are made of materials and sizes that are not easily damaged by collision with the abrasive jet 18 in relation to the pressure and flow rate of the abrasive jet 18 that is ultra-high pressure water. Specifically, steel balls, glass balls, ceramic balls, or the like can be used.
Similarly, with respect to the holding member 4, a member having the same structure as that of the grating member, the expanded metal, the punching metal, and the grating used for the groove cover and those having a similar structure can be effectively used.

It is efficient to provide the cleaning pipe 14 at a position where a water flow that works to flow out the residual abrasive from between the spherical members 5, that is, at the uppermost position of the spherical member 5. However, it can be mounted laterally or upward as required. At this time, an angle suitable for washing away may be provided.
Further, the cleaning pipe 14 can be selected according to the shape of the cutting portion, such as a branched one, a flat shape, or a plurality of small holes.
The water and the abrasive that have passed through the holding member 4 are sent to a separation tank (not shown) and processed as necessary.

  In addition, spherical member take-out ports 15, 15,... Are provided on the upper surface of the jig body 3 in four directions centered on the work placement portion 2, and are held via the take-out ports 15,. The state inside the member 4 can be visually recognized from the outside.

  In the above-described three-dimensional abrasive jet machining jig 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the catcher 6 in which the spherical member 5 is housed in the holding member 4 corresponds to the machining locus L1 for machining the bottom of the workpiece 7. The catcher 6 (a) disposed below the jig body 3 in the region covering the slit 8 (a) to be formed, and the slit 8 (b) formed corresponding to the machining locus L2 for machining the side portion of the workpiece 7. And a catcher 6 (b) disposed around the side wall of the jig body 3 in the region covering the surface. The catcher 6 (b) disposed around the side wall of the jig main body 3 accommodates the spherical member 5 positioned above the lowest position of the work 7.

Next, the cutting process with respect to the workpiece | work 7 using the jig | tool 1 for the three-dimensional abrasive jet processing of the above embodiment is demonstrated.
First, the workpiece 7 is positioned and arranged with respect to the jig body 3 in a predetermined position. A nozzle 17 mounted on the abrasive head 16 is arranged on the inner surface of the arranged work 7.
The abrasive head 16 is connected to a pump device and an abrasive supply device (not shown). The work 7 is arranged on the inner wall 3a of the jig body 3 so as not to move, and ultra-high pressure water fed from a pump (not shown) is jetted from the nozzle 17 toward the inner surface of the work 7 as an abrasive jet 18, The work 7 is cut at the collision site of the ultra-high pressure water. The surplus abrasive jet 18 after cutting the workpiece 7 passes through the slit 8 and is discharged outward.

  The spherical member 5 is stacked and accommodated in the holding member 4 outside the workpiece 7, and the jetted abrasive jet 18 is attenuated between the spherical members 5 arranged adjacent to each other without any gaps. When passing, the velocity as an abrasive jet water flow no longer exists, and it becomes a simple water droplet or a low-speed water flow and flows down to the bottom of the jig body 3.

  In the three-dimensional abrasive jet machining using the three-dimensional abrasive jet machining jig 1 according to the above embodiment, as described above, the catcher 6 (b) arranged around the side wall of the jig main body 3 The spherical member 5 positioned above the lowermost position 7 is accommodated. As a result, the abrasive jet 18 can be damped by the spherical member 5 positioned above the lowest position of the workpiece 7 in the catcher 6 (b), so that it corresponds to the machining locus L2 for machining the side portion of the workpiece 7. The abrasive jet 18 can be jetted through the slit 8 (b) formed in this manner, and the side portion of the workpiece 7 above the lowermost position of the workpiece 7 can be processed.

In the three-dimensional abrasive jet machining using the three-dimensional abrasive jet machining jig 1 of the above embodiment, in particular, (i) a plurality of cutting devices for trimming and hollowing out are installed, and a plurality of cutting devices are switched. Can be done continuously without.
(Ii) With a simple mechanism applied to an existing processing apparatus , three-dimensional abrasive jet processing can be performed, and the cutting apparatus can be made inexpensive.
(Iii) Since the three-dimensional abrasive jet machining jig 1 is not configured as a movable type, the mechanism is simplified, and the overall configuration of the cutting apparatus can be reduced.
(Iv) Since the jig for three-dimensional abrasive jet machining 1 is not configured as a movable type, there is no need to wait for the operation of the jig, and the tact time is shortened.

The partial notch cross-sectional perspective view which shows the jig | tool for three-dimensional abrasive jet processing which is embodiment of this invention. The partial notch cross-sectional perspective view which shows the usage condition of the jig | tool for three-dimensional abrasive jet processing which is embodiment shown in FIG. The other partial notch cross-sectional perspective view which shows the usage condition of the jig | tool for three-dimensional abrasive jet processing which is embodiment shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Three-dimensional abrasive jet processing jig 2 ... Work arrangement | positioning part 3 ... Jig body 4 ... Holding member 5 ... Spherical member 6 (a), 6 (b) ... Catcher 7 ... Work 8 (a), 8 (b) ... Slit 9 ... Fixture 13 ... Jig guard plate 14 ... Cleaning pipe 16 ... Abrasive head 17 ... Nozzle 18 ... Abrasive jet

Claims (6)

In an abrasive jet machining jig comprising a catch body attached to a jig body having a workpiece arrangement portion and housing a plurality of spherical members in the holding member of the catcher, at least of the spherical members housed in the holding member of the catcher A jig for an abrasive jet machining, wherein a part of the jig is positioned above a lowermost position of the workpiece. The abrasive jet machining jig according to claim 1, wherein the catcher includes a jig protection plate. The abrasive jet machining jig according to claim 1, wherein the catcher includes an opening / closing window. The abrasive jet machining jig according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a cleaning pipe is provided in the catcher. 2. The abrasive jet machining jig according to claim 1, wherein a slit is provided in a position corresponding to a cutting line of the workpiece in the jig main body including the workpiece arrangement portion. A step of providing a slit at a position corresponding to the cutting line of the workpiece in the jig body provided with the workpiece arrangement portion, and a catcher that houses a plurality of spherical members in the holding member, at least a part of the spherical member is at the lowermost part of the workpiece A step of attaching to the jig main body so as to be positioned above the position, and a step of cutting a position above the lowest position of the workpiece arranged in the arrangement portion of the workpiece. Abrasive jet processing method.

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