JP2009291335A - Centrifugal separator and blood component collecting apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reliably hold a centrifugal separator by pressurizing the separator in a central direction. <P>SOLUTION: The centrifugal separator for a blood component collecting apparatus includes: a centrifugal bowl 120 for centrifugally separating blood collected from a donor, and obtaining prescribed blood components; a turn table 200 for placing and rotating the centrifugal bowl 120; and three chucks 208 arranged at the turn table 200 and holding the centrifugal bowl 120. Each of the chucks 208 includes: a pawl arm 214 having a pawl 212 which is pivotally supported by a shaft 210 being in parallel with the shaft of the turn table 200, arranged on one side with the shaft 210 as reference in the circumferential direction of the turn table 200 and is engaged with a part of the centrifugal bowl 120; and a centrifugal arm 216 arranged on the other side. Weights 218a, 218b are arranged at the distal ends of the centrifugal arms 216, and the center of gravity G of the chuck 208 is in the centrifugal arm 216. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention includes a centrifuge for centrifuging blood, a centrifuge provided with a centrifuge for mounting and rotating the centrifuge, and the centrifuge provided in the centrifuge for holding the centrifuge The present invention relates to a blood component collection device having a plurality of chucks.

  Blood collection includes whole blood collection in which blood is collected as it is and component blood collection in which only predetermined components are extracted. In component blood collection, a predetermined component is extracted by centrifuging blood collected from a donor, and other components are returned to the donor. As a result, the necessary components (plasma and platelets) can be collected more than the whole blood collection, and other components are returned, so that the burden on the donor can be reduced. Moreover, a blood component collection apparatus for automatically performing such component blood collection has been put into practical use.

  In the blood component collection device, after the needle is punctured to the donor, blood collection processing performed through the needle, processing for separating the collected blood into a plurality of blood components, processing for collecting a predetermined component, and the remaining The process of returning the components from the needle to the donor is automatically performed by rotating the pump under the action of a predetermined control unit. When separating blood collected from a donor into a plurality of blood components, a disposable centrifuge bowl that centrifuges blood is used.

  In addition, blood that has flowed out of the patient's operative field during and after surgery is collected, and impurities such as blood clots, tissue debris, and broken blood cell debris are removed from the blood, and washed blood cell components (red blood cells) are removed. A collection type autotransfusion for transfusion to a patient has been performed, and a blood cleaning apparatus for performing this has been put into practical use.

  Also in this blood washing apparatus, a washed blood cell component is obtained by using a centrifuge bowl and performing centrifugation while adding a washing solution such as physiological saline to blood collected from a patient.

  In such a blood component collection device and blood washing device, the centrifuge bowl is placed on the turntable and rotated, so that the centrifuge bowl can be easily attached to and detached from the turntable, and the centrifuge bowl is stationary and rotated. It is desirable to securely hold

  As a method of holding the centrifugal bowl on the turntable, there are mainly a vacuum suction type and a mechanical chuck type. As a mechanical chuck type, Patent Document 1 proposes that a chuck (finger) parallel to the rotation axis of the turntable is provided, and that the chuck is urged by centrifugal force to hold the centrifugal bowl.

Japanese Patent No. 2993598

  In the device described in Patent Document 1, the support shaft is provided in the circumferential direction and the chuck is provided in parallel with the rotation shaft. If the chuck is set long in order to effectively apply centrifugal force, the rotation shaft is wasted. There is a difficulty in layout.

  Further, since the chuck comes into contact with the centrifugal bowl so as to fall down, the engagement is uncertain.

  The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and provides a centrifuge device and a blood component collection device that can reliably hold a centrifuge bowl with a mechanism having a short dimension in the rotation axis direction. With the goal.

  The centrifuge according to the present invention includes a centrifuge for centrifuging blood collected from a donor to obtain a predetermined blood component, a turntable for mounting and rotating the centrifuge, and the turntable A plurality of chucks for holding the centrifuge, wherein the chucks are supported by an axis parallel to the axis of the turntable, and are based on the axis in the circumferential direction of the turntable. A claw arm provided on one side and provided with a claw that engages with a part of the centrifuge; and a centrifuge arm provided on the other side with respect to the axis in the circumferential direction of the turntable; The center of gravity is in the centrifugal arm.

  Thus, since the chuck is supported by an axis parallel to the axis of the turntable, when a centrifugal force is applied, the claw is urged in the radial direction, and the centrifuge is moved toward the center. It can be pressed and held securely. Further, the claw arm and the centrifugal arm of the chuck each extend in the circumferential direction of the turntable, so that the dimension in the rotation axis direction does not become unnecessarily long.

  You may have an elastic clamp which is elastically urged | biased by the direction which goes to the rotation center direction of the said turntable by an elastic body, and has a guide inclined surface which goes down toward the said rotation center direction above inner peripheral side. With such an elastic clamp, the centrifuge can be easily attached and detached when the turntable is stationary, and can be temporarily held.

  The claw may have an evacuation elastic body that urges the chuck such that the claw generates an urging force to the outside of the turntable and evacuates the claw when the centrifuge is attached or detached. The claw is retracted outward by such a retracting elastic body, and the centrifuge can be easily attached and detached.

  You may have an elastic body which urges | biases the said chuck | zipper so that the said nail | claw may generate urging | biasing force in the direction which goes to the rotation center direction of the said turntable. Thereby, the centrifuge can be temporarily held by the claw even when the turntable is stationary.

  The centrifuge may have a flange, and the claw may have an engaging inclined surface that is raised toward the rotation center direction of the turntable and engages with an upper end of the flange at a lower side on the inner peripheral side. . According to such an inclined inclined surface, similarly to the wedge action, the centrifugal separator can be reliably held as the centrifugal force increases as the rotation speed increases.

  In addition, the blood component collection device according to the present invention is characterized in that blood collected from a donor is centrifuged by the centrifugal separator to obtain a predetermined blood component.

  According to the centrifugal separator and the blood component collection device of the present invention, the centrifugal bowl can be reliably held by a mechanism having a short dimension in the rotation axis direction.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the centrifugal separator and the blood component collecting apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 11.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a blood component collection device 10 according to the present embodiment includes a device main body 12 and a blood collection kit 14 attached to the device main body 12, and further includes a centrifuge according to the present embodiment. A separation device 1 is provided. The apparatus main body 12 is provided on the left side of the upper end of the first column 16a, the box-shaped mechanism main unit 15, the first column 16a and the second column 16b extending upward from the left and right sides of the mechanism unit 15. On the right side of the weighing scale 18, the monitor 20 provided on the upper end of the second support column, the bag detection sensor 21 for detecting the presence or absence of the multi-chamber bag 126 provided on the right side of the first support column 16a, and the second support column 16b. It has a sensor 23a for detecting the presence / absence of the sterilization filter 114 provided, and a sensor 23b for detecting the presence / absence of the bubble removal chamber 112 and the dripping of the anticoagulant. The monitor 20 is an input / output device of the blood component collection device 10 and has a large color touch panel 20a and a speaker 20b, and can be easily operated using images and sounds. The speaker 20b is a stereo type.

  The mechanism main body 15 includes a left control mechanism 22 and a right centrifugal mechanism (separation means) 24. The control mechanism unit 22 includes a control unit 26 that comprehensively controls the entire blood component collection device 10, a blood pump 28, an anticoagulant pump 30, a turbidity sensor 32, six bubble sensors 34a, 34b, 34c, 34d, 34e, 34f, seven clamps 36a, 36b, 36c, 36d, 36e, 36f, 36g, a donor pressure sensor 38, a system pressure sensor 40, and an optical sensor 62. As the turbidity sensor 32 and the bubble sensors 34a to 34f, for example, an ultrasonic sensor, an optical sensor, an infrared sensor, or the like can be used. The turbidity sensor 32 and the bubble sensor 34d are integrally configured.

  The control unit 26 is provided inside the mechanism main body unit 15. Devices other than the control unit 26 in the control mechanism unit 22 are provided on the upper surface, the front surface, and the support column so that the tube of the blood collection kit 14 can be attached.

  The blood pump 28 and the anticoagulant pump 30 are a roller pump type that pushes the blood inside by continuously rolling the roller against the side of the tube, and can be driven in a non-contact state with respect to the blood. is there. The blood pump 28 and the anticoagulant pump 30 are variable in speed and fluid discharge direction under the action of the control unit 26.

  The blood pump 28 functions as a suction pump that draws blood by rotating in a predetermined forward direction when blood is collected, and functions as a discharge pump that sends blood components to the tube 104 by rotating in the reverse direction when returning blood.

  The turbidity sensor 32 is a sensor that detects the turbidity of the liquid passing through the sandwiched tube. The bubble sensors 34a to 34f are sensors that detect the presence or absence of liquid passing through the sandwiched tube or bubbles. The clamps 36a to 36g press and close the sandwiched tube from both sides, or open and communicate with each other, and serve as an open / close valve. These clamps 36a to 36g are concentrated in one section on the upper surface of the control mechanism 22 so that the cassette housing 42 can be fitted. The cassette housing 42 is a resin member for integrating and arranging many portions of the tubes of the blood collection kit 14. The cassette housing 42 is fitted into the upper surface of the control mechanism unit 22 to correspond to a predetermined tube. The clamps 36a to 36g are arranged to be openable and closable.

  The donor pressure sensor (pressure detection means) 38 is a sensor that is inserted into a part of the blood collection path system in the blood collection kit 14 and measures the donor pressure Pd indicating the pressure of the blood collection line, and acts as a blood collection pressure sensor during blood collection. When returning blood, it functions as a return pressure sensor.

  The system pressure sensor 40 is a sensor that is inserted into a part of the processing path system and measures a system pressure (in-circuit pressure) Ps indicating a pressure in the circuit. In addition, since arrangement | positioning of the tube in the blood collection kit 14 of the state set to the apparatus main body 12 is not the summary of this invention, a part of tube is abbreviate | omitted and illustrated in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the centrifuge 1 includes a centrifuge bowl (centrifuge) 120 of the blood collection kit 14 and a turntable 58 b of the centrifuge mechanism 24. The centrifuge mechanism 24 is a mechanism that is equipped with the centrifuge bowl 120 of the blood collection kit 14 and centrifuges the blood introduced into the centrifuge bowl 120. The centrifuge bowl 120 includes a truncated cone-shaped rotor 50 whose diameter is expanded downward, and a fixed cap (stator) 52 provided on an upper portion of the rotor 50.

  The centrifuge bowl 120 opens the pair of left and right open / close covers 58c, so that the rotor 50 is inserted into the bowl mounting portion 58 and placed on the turntable 58b, and the open / close cover 58c is closed to fix the fixing cap 52. .

  The fixing cap 52 includes a circular plate 52a, a columnar body 52b protruding upward from the center, an introduction port 52c and a discharge port 52d protruding laterally from the upper and central portions of the columnar body 52b, and the columnar body 52b. And a flange 52e protruding in the circumferential direction from the lower portion. The fixing cap 52 is fixed to the centrifuge mechanism 24 between the upper surface of the circular plate 52a in the cylindrical body 52b and the flange 52e through the recesses of the pair of left and right opening / closing covers 58c (see FIG. 1). The introduction port 52c and the discharge port 52d are portions for introducing and discharging blood and the like with respect to the centrifuge bowl 120.

  The rotor 50 includes a transparent resin plate outer plate 50a, a conical white reflecting plate 50b provided on the inner side, a bottom plate 50c, and a tubular body that extends in the vertical direction at the center and communicates with the introduction port 52c. 50d and a flange 50e provided around the bottom plate 50c. The bottom plate 50c has a shallow dish shape and is convex downward. The flange 50e is thin and narrow, and the outer peripheral side bottom 50f is tapered.

  A blood storage space 54 into which blood is introduced is formed between the outer plate 50a and the reflecting plate 50b. The blood storage space 54 has a shape (tapered shape) in which the inner and outer diameters gradually decrease toward the upper side, and the lower portion thereof passes through a substantially disk-shaped channel formed along the bottom of the rotor 50. The tube body 50d communicates with the lower end opening, and the upper portion communicates with the discharge port 52d. Between the fixed cap 52 and the rotor 50, there is provided a seal 56 that keeps the rotor 50 airtight and rotatably holds it.

  The volume of the blood storage space 54 is, for example, about 100 to 350 mL, and the radius of the bottom plate 50 c is, for example, about 55 to 65 mm.

  The centrifuge mechanism 24 has an upper bowl mounting part 58 and a lower motor part 60. The bowl mounting portion 58 includes a housing 58a that forms a space where the centrifugal bowl 120 is disposed, a turntable (rotary table) 58b on which the bottom plate 50c of the centrifugal bowl 120 is placed, a circular plate 52a of the fixed cap 52, A transparent opening / closing cover 58c for fixing the cylindrical body 52b and the flange 52e, an O-ring 58d provided on an edge of the opening / closing cover 58c, and an optical sensor 62 are provided. The open / close cover 58c has a recess, and the flange 52e is fitted into the recess to be fixed. As for the detailed configuration of the turntable 58b, two configuration examples will be described later.

  The O-ring 58d keeps the inside of the housing 58a fluid-tight and prevents splashing to the outside even when blood or the like leaks from the centrifuge bowl 120 due to an unexpected situation.

  The motor unit 60 includes a motor 64 that is set in a direction in which the rotation shaft 64 a is directed vertically upward, and a speed sensor 65 that detects the rotation speed of the motor 64.

  The rotating shaft 64a is connected to the bottom surface of the turntable 58b, and the rotor 50 can rotate under the action of the motor 64. The motor 64 can rotate in the range of about 3000 to 6000 rpm, and the set rotational speed is set to about 4200 to 5800 rpm, for example. Thereby, the blood in the blood storage space 54 is separated from the inner layer into a plasma layer (PPP layer) 70, a buffy coat layer (BC layer) 72, and a red blood cell layer (CRC layer) 74.

  The optical sensor 62 includes a projector 62a that generates light (for example, laser light), a light receiver 62b that receives light reflected by the reflecting plate 50b, and a mirror 62c that adjusts the direction of the optical path. The light projector 62a projects light to the reflecting plate 50b through the blood storage space 54, and the light reflected by the reflecting plate 50b returns through substantially the same path, is received by the light receiving device 62b, and is converted into an electrical signal corresponding to the amount of received light. The

  At this time, the projected light and the reflected light pass through the blood components in the blood storage space 54, respectively, but depending on the position of the interface B between the plasma layer 70 and the buffy coat layer 72, the projected light and the reflected light are transmitted. Since the abundance ratios of the respective blood components at the transmitting position are different, their transmittance changes. As a result, the amount of light received by the light receiver 62b varies and can be detected as a change in output voltage. The interface of the blood component detected by the optical sensor 62 is not limited to the interface B, and may be the interface between the buffy coat layer 72 and the red blood cell layer 74, for example.

  Each of the layers 70 to 74 in the blood storage space 54 has a different color depending on the blood component, and the red blood cell layer 74 is red with the color of the red blood cells. For this reason, from the viewpoint of improving measurement accuracy, there is a range suitable for the wavelength of the projection light, and the wavelength range is preferably about 750 to 800 nm, for example.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the control unit 26 includes a blood pump driver 76, an anticoagulant pump driver 78, a motor driver 80, and a clamp driver 82 for output. 30, the motor 64 and the clamps 36a to 36g are controlled. The blood pump driver 76 controls the speed and discharge direction of the blood pump 28. Anticoagulant pump driver 78 controls the speed of anticoagulant pump 30. The motor driver 80 controls the rotational speed of the motor 64. The clamp driver 82 individually controls the opening and closing of the clamps 36a to 36g.

  Further, the control unit 26 includes an input interface 84 that performs input control of each sensor and a monitor interface 86 that performs input and output of the monitor 20. The control unit 26 further includes a mode control unit 88 that controls blood collection processing operation in cooperation with each functional unit, an abnormality monitoring unit 90 that monitors abnormalities based on input signals of each sensor, and a predetermined program. And a storage unit 92 that stores data, a timer 94, a communication unit 96 that performs data communication with external devices, and a pump speed control unit 98 that controls the rotation speed of the blood pump 28 and the anticoagulant pump 30. Have.

  Some of the functions in the control unit 26 are realized by reading and executing a program recorded in the storage unit 92 by a CPU (not shown).

  The blood collection kit 14 including the centrifuge bowl 120 is a disposable product that has been sterilized in advance. The blood collection kit 14 is provided with a cassette housing 42 in which tubes are concentrated and a filter cassette 170 (see FIG. 1) for holding a part of the tubes and the filter 160.

  Next, two configuration examples of the configuration of the turntable 58b will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the turntable 200 as the first configuration example includes a central portion 202 that is shaped like a dish in a shape corresponding to the bottom plate 50 c of the centrifuge bowl 120, and a horizontal annular surface provided around the center portion 202. 204 and three chucks 208 for holding the centrifuge bowl 120. The three chucks 208 are provided at equal intervals (120 °) on the annular surface 204.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the chuck 208 is supported by a shaft 210 parallel to the shaft of the turntable 200, and is one of the circumferential directions of the turntable 200 with respect to the shaft 210 (in FIG. 4). A claw arm 214 provided in the counterclockwise direction and provided with a claw 212 that engages with the flange 50e of the centrifuge bowl 120, and a centrifugal arm 216 provided on the other side (counterclockwise in FIG. 4) with respect to the shaft 210; And a torsion spring (elastic body) 217 provided on the shaft 210 and elastically biasing the chuck 208 in a clockwise direction. As apparent from FIGS. 4 and 5, the claw arm 214 and the centrifugal arm 216 are one continuous arc-shaped arm.

  The ratio of the circumferential length L1 of the claw arm 214 and the circumferential length L2 of the centrifugal arm 216, L1: L2 (hereinafter referred to as the arm ratio), is 1: 1 with the shaft 210 as a reference. The biasing force of the torsion spring 217 is weak, and the chuck 208 can be rotated lightly by hand. The chuck 208 is provided with a stopper (not shown) so as not to be excessively displaced clockwise when the centrifuge bowl 120 is not mounted. This stopper is a portion that does not hinder the holding force of the centrifugal bowl 120 due to the centrifugal force during the centrifugal action of the chuck 208, and the guide inclined surface 224 has a flange of the centrifugal bowl 120 when the centrifugal bowl 120 is mounted (see FIG. 6A). It is provided at a position directly below 50e.

  Weights 218 a and 218 b are provided at the distal end of the centrifugal arm 216, and the center of gravity G of the chuck 208 is in the centrifugal arm 216 in plan view, and is actually near the distal end of the centrifugal arm 216. The weights 218 a and 218 b are, for example, stainless steel, and are fixed to the upper surface side and the lower surface side of the centrifugal arm 216. The annular surface 204 is provided with a notch 220 that avoids interference with the weight 218b.

  The claw 212 rises toward the center of rotation of the turntable 200 downward on the inner peripheral side, and engages and engages with the upper end of the flange 50e at the time of rotation. And a guide inclined surface 224 that descends in the direction. The engagement inclined surface 222 and the guide inclined surface 224 are precisely tapered surfaces inclined with respect to the axis of the turntable 200.

  6A, when the centrifuge bowl 120 is pressed from above in the state of FIG. 6A, the flange 50e abuts against the guide inclined surface 224, and the claw 212 is resisted against the elastic force of the torsion spring 217 as shown in FIG. 6B. Extrude outward (left side of FIG. 6B). As shown in FIG. 6C, the flange 50e is disposed below the engagement inclined surface 222 of the claw 212, and the engagement inclined surface 222 abuts on the upper end of the flange 50e by the elastic force of the torsion spring 217. The centrifuge bowl 120 can be temporarily held. In this manner, the centrifuge bowl 120 is temporarily pushed outwardly by lightly pressing the centrifuge bowl 120 from the upper side to the lower side, and can be easily mounted. The centrifuge bowl 120 is temporarily held in a balanced manner by the three chucks 208 and is held coaxially with respect to the turntable 200. In this manner, the claw 212 has an elastic clamp function that easily attaches and detaches and temporarily holds the centrifuge bowl 120 when the turntable 200 is stationary by the elastic action of the torsion spring 217.

  Even if the guide inclined surface 224 is not provided, the flange 50e itself is provided with the tapered outer peripheral side bottom portion 50f, and the same operation and effect as the guide inclined surface 224 can be obtained. The bowl 120 can be mounted. When the claw 212 is engaged with the flange 50e, a gap 230 exists between the outer peripheral portion of the flange 50e and the lower end portion of the engagement inclined surface 222.

  Further, when the turntable 200 rotates, the chuck 208 receives a centrifugal force that rotates clockwise in FIG. 4 so that the weights 218a and 218b are directed outward and the claw 212 is directed inward, with the shaft 210 as a base point. As a result, the centrifuge bowl 120 can be strongly held. The rotation direction of the turntable 200 is not limited.

  Furthermore, according to the engagement inclined surface 222, similarly to the wedge action, the centrifugal bowl 120 can be reliably held to the extent that the centrifugal force is increased due to high rotation. When the turntable 200 rotates, the gap 230 is secured, and the force for holding the centrifuge bowl 120 is not limited with respect to the centrifugal force, and can be held proportionally and strongly. Further, since the arm ratio is 1: 1, a moderately large moment acts by the centrifugal force with respect to the shaft 210, and the claw 212 can be effectively pressed against the flange 50e.

As shown in FIG. 7, the force with which the claw 212 presses the flange 50e, that is, the centrifugal force F, is F = 11.18 × (N / 1000) ² × R [kg] (N: rotational speed [rpm], R: Table radius [mm]). The centrifugal force F can be decomposed into two component forces f1 and f2. The centrifugal force 120 is pressed in the vertical direction against the engaging inclined surface 222 by the component force f1, and is pressed downward by the component force f2. , Can be held stably. When the engagement inclined surface 222 is 45 °, f1 = F / 2.

  When the turntable 200 is stopped after the predetermined centrifugal separation process is completed, the centrifugal bowl 120 is lightly temporarily held by the elastic action of the torsion spring 217 as in the case before the rotation is started and is stable. To remove the centrifuge bowl 120 from the turntable 200, the centrifuge bowl 120 is pulled up. As a result, the upper end portion of the flange 50e abuts against the engaging inclined surface 222 and presses outward, and the claw 212 is temporarily pushed outward against the elastic force of the torsion spring 217, so that it can be easily removed. Can do.

  As described above, since the chuck 208 is supported by the shaft 210 parallel to the axis of the turntable 200, the claw 212 is urged in the radial direction when the centrifugal force is applied, and the centrifugal bowl 120 is moved. It can be reliably held by pressing toward the center. Further, the claw arm 214 and the centrifugal arm 216 of the chuck 208 respectively extend in the circumferential direction of the turntable 200, so that the dimension in the rotation axis direction does not become unnecessarily long.

  Further, the pawl 212 of the chuck 208 does not come into contact with the centrifugal bowl 120 as in the case of Patent Document 1, but is urged centrifugally inward in the radial direction. Is made.

  Next, a turntable 300 as a second configuration example will be described. The turntable 300 is obtained by replacing the chuck 208 in the turntable 200 with a chuck 302 and an elastic clamp 304. In the turntable 300, the chuck 302, and the elastic clamp 304, the same components as those of the turntable 200 and the chuck 208 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the turntable 300 includes three sets of chucks 302 and elastic clamps 304 on a horizontal annular surface 204. The chuck 302 and the elastic clamp 304 are provided at equal intervals (120 °). Three walls 305 projecting upward are provided at the peripheral edge of the annular surface 204.

  In the chuck 302, the claw arm 214 and the centrifugal arm 216 are provided on the lower side of the annular surface 204, and the useless space in this portion is effectively used. However, although there is a motor unit 60 (see FIG. 2) below this, the chuck 302 basically extends in the radial direction of the turntable 300, and its axial length is short. The part 60 is not reached and the degree of freedom in layout is high.

  The claw 306 of the chuck 302 is connected to the claw arm 214 by a bar 308 and is disposed on the upper surface of the annular surface 204, and the annular surface 204 is provided with a notch 309 that avoids the bar 308. The nail | claw 306 can rotate centering | focusing on the bar | burr 308, and direction is automatically adjusted according to the flange 50e. The claw 306 has an engagement inclined surface 222 and a guide inclined surface 224. The arm ratio of the chuck 302 is set to 1: 1. The center of gravity G of the chuck 302 is located on the centrifugal arm 216 in plan view.

  A shaft 210 that is the rotation center of the chuck 302 is provided with a torsion spring 310 having a weak biasing force, and biases the chuck 302 counterclockwise. That is, the torsion spring 310 acts as a retracting elastic body that biases the 302 chuck so that the claw 306 is retracted outward when the centrifuge bowl 120 is attached / detached at rest, and the torsion spring 217 has a biasing direction. Is reversed.

  In addition, since the guide inclined surface 224 is provided on the inner peripheral side upper part of the claw 306, the claw 306 is passively pushed outward when the centrifugal bowl 120 is mounted. It does not necessarily have to be provided.

  In FIG. 9, for easy understanding of the configuration of the chuck 302, the annular surface 204 is assumed to be a transparent body and is indicated by a virtual line.

  As shown in FIG. 10, the elastic clamp 304 has substantially the same shape as the claw 212, and is provided with the same engagement inclined surface 312 and guide inclined surface 314 as the engagement inclined surface 222 and the guide inclined surface 224 of the claw 212. It has been. The elastic clamp 304 is supported by a guide bar 316 projecting inward from the wall 305 and is movable in the radial direction, and a pair of coil springs (elastic bodies) 318 a provided on the left and right sides of the guide bar 316 and It is elastically biased inward by 318b. The guide bar 316 has a function of preventing the elastic clamp 304 from coming off.

  In the turntable 300 as the second configuration example configured as described above, the elastic clamp 304 and the claw 306 are separate, and the temporary holding of the centrifuge bowl 120 when stationary is performed by the elastic clamp 304, and at the time of rotation Is held by the nail 306.

  That is, when the turntable 300 is stationary, the elastic clamp 304 is biased inwardly under the action of the coil springs 318a and 318b, and when the centrifugal bowl 120 is pushed in or pulled out, the flange 50e is engaged with the guide inclined surface 314 or the engaging surface. By pressing the joint inclined surface 312, the elastic clamp 304 can be temporarily pushed outward to be attached and detached easily. Further, when stationary, the claw 306 is retracted outward by the torsion spring 310, so that the centrifugal bowl 120 can be easily attached and detached.

  When the turntable 300 rotates, the centrifuge bowl 120 can be held by the claws 306 due to the effect of centrifugal force by the weights 218a and 218b of the chuck 302. By appropriately setting the weights 218a and 218b and the arm ratio of the chuck 302 and the elastic force of the coil springs 318a and 318b with respect to the elastic clamp 304, the claw 306 reliably holds the centrifuge bowl 120 when the turntable 300 is accelerated. It is preferable that the holding force of the elastic clamp 304 is weakened after reaching the rotating speed.

  FIG. 11 shows an example in which the arm ratio of the chuck 302 in the turntable 300 is set to 1: 2. In this case, in order to secure a sufficient stroke of the claw 306 as shown by the phantom line, the centrifugal arm 216 needs to be displaced inward to some extent, and the upper weight 218a is avoided in order to avoid interference with the centrifugal bowl 120. It is preferable to provide only the lower weight 218b.

  The centrifuge 1 may be used for the blood cleaning device described above.

  Of course, the centrifugal separator and the blood component collecting apparatus according to the present invention are not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various configurations can be adopted without departing from the gist of the present invention.

It is a perspective view of the blood component collection device concerning this embodiment. It is a cross-sectional side view of the centrifuge which concerns on this Embodiment. It is a block block diagram of a control part. It is a top view of the turntable as a 1st structural example. It is a perspective view of the chuck | zipper of the turntable in a 1st structural example. 6A is a partially enlarged cross-sectional side view of a state before the centrifuge bowl is attached to the claw of the chuck, and FIG. 6B is a state in which the centrifuge bowl is attached to the claw of the chuck. 6C is a partially enlarged sectional side view, and FIG. 6C is a partially enlarged sectional side view of a state in which the centrifuge bowl is mounted on the chuck claw. It is a schematic diagram which shows the force which a nail | claw acts with respect to a flange. It is a top view with an arm ratio of 1: 1 in the turntable as the second configuration example. It is a perspective view of the chuck | zipper of the turntable in a 2nd structural example. It is a perspective view of the elastic clamp of the turntable in the 2nd example of composition. It is a top view of arm ratio 1: 2 in the turntable as the 2nd example of composition.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Centrifugal apparatus 10 ... Blood component collection apparatus 12 ... Main body 14 ... Blood collection kit 120 ... Centrifugal bowl (centrifugal separator) 200, 300 ... Turntable (rotary table)
208, 302 ... Chuck 210 ... Shaft 212, 306 ... Claw 214 ... Claw arm 216 ... Centrifugal arm 217 ... Torsion spring (elastic body)
218a, 218b ... weights 222, 312 ... engagement inclined surfaces 224, 314 ... guide inclined surfaces 230 ... gap 304 ... elastic clamp 310 ... torsion spring (retraction elastic body)
316: Guide bar 318a, 318b ... Coil spring G ... Center of gravity

Claims (6)

A centrifuge for centrifuging blood;
A turntable for mounting and rotating the centrifuge;
A plurality of chucks provided on the turntable and holding the centrifuge;
Have
The chuck is supported on an axis parallel to the axis of the turntable,
A claw arm comprising a claw provided on one side with respect to the axis in the circumferential direction of the turntable and engaging with a part of the centrifuge;
A centrifugal arm provided on the other side with respect to the axis in the circumferential direction of the turntable;
With
The centrifuge is characterized in that the center of gravity of the chuck is in the centrifuge arm. The centrifuge according to claim 1,
A centrifugal separator characterized by having an elastic clamp elastically biased by an elastic body in a direction toward the rotation center of the turntable and having an inclined guide surface on the inner peripheral side and lowering toward the rotation center. . The centrifuge according to claim 2, wherein
The centrifuge includes a retraction elastic body that urges the chuck so that the claw generates an urging force to the outside of the turntable and retracts the claw when the centrifuge is attached or detached. apparatus. The centrifuge according to claim 1,
A centrifuge having an elastic body that urges the chuck so that the claw generates an urging force in a direction toward the rotation center of the turntable. The centrifuge according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The centrifuge has a flange;
The centrifuge has an engagement inclined surface that is raised toward the center of rotation of the turntable and is engaged with an upper end of the flange at the lower side on the inner peripheral side.   A blood component collecting apparatus, wherein blood collected from a donor is centrifuged by the centrifugal separator according to any one of claims 1 to 5 to obtain a predetermined blood component.

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